Faraday Discussions 165 –
Tropospheric Aerosols
Leeds, 23 July 2013
Paulo Artaxo, Luciana Rizzo, Joel F. Brito,
Henrique Barbosa , Andrea Arana, Elisa T. Sena,
Glauber G. Cirino, Wanderlei Bastos, Scot
Martin, Meinrat O. Andreae
Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Brazil, [email protected],br,
Long term (4 years) study on land use
change in Amazonia. Effects on:
1. Aerosol population, composition, size distribution
2. Aerosol optical properties
3. Trace gas concentrations
4. Radiative forcing
5. Carbon uptake by the forest
Interaction between forest biology and aerosols is very strong for PBAP as well as SOA
Time series of
aerosol optical
depth at the
Central and
Southern
Amazonia with
MODIS (550 nm)
and AERONET
(500 nm)
retrievals from
1999 to 2012.
Fonte: Flávio Luizão.
Foto: Carina Prado
Two long term monitoring
stations in Amazonia
Rbio Cuieiras
Rio Negro
Manaus
Rio Amazonas
Manaus and Porto Velho
Porto Velho aerosol and trace gases sampling location
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
Porto
Velho-30
5
-10
-11
-12
-64
-5
-63
-62
-61
-15
-15
-25
-25
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
BCe Concentration (ng/m3)
0
Feb-08
Feb-08
Mar-08
Apr-08
Apr-08
May-08
Jun-08
Jun-08
Jul-08
Jul-08
Aug-08
Aug-08
Sep-08
Oct-08
Jan-10
Jan-10
Jan-10
Feb-10
Mar-10
Mar-10
Apr-10
Apr-10
May-10
May-10
Jun-10
Jul-10
Aug-10
Sep-10
Sep-10
Oct-10
Nov-10
Nov-10
Dec-10
Jan-11
Jan-11
Feb-11
Feb-11
Mar-11
Apr-11
Apr-11
May-11
Jun-11
Jul-11
Jul-11
Aug-11
Oct-11
Nov-11
Dec-11
Jan-12
Feb-12
Mar-12
Apr-12
Jun-12
Mass Concentration (µg/m3)
Manaus TT34 ZF2 PM10, fine and coarse mode aerosol 2008-2012
20
Fine
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Fine
Coarse
15
10
5
Manaus TT34 ZF2 equivalent black carbon fine and coarse mode aerosol 2008-2012
Coarse
Mass Concentration (ug/m3)
Porto Velho aerosol mass concentration and black carbon from 1999 to 2012
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
BC Concentration (ng/m3)
25000
20000
Porto Velho fine and coarse mode aerosol mass 1999-2012
Fine
Coarse
Porto Velho Black Carbon 2009-2012 Fine and Coarse Mode
Fine
Coarse
15000
10000
5000
0
Sep-09 Dec-09 Mar-10 Jul-10 Jul-10 Aug-10 Aug-10 Sep-10 Oct-10 Jan-11 Mar-11 Aug-11 Oct-11 Dec-11 Mar-12 Jul-12 Aug-12 Sep-12
Aerosol size distributions:
SMPS and AERONET
Manaus ACSM 2013 wet season measurements
ACSM measurements in Rondonia
Scattering,
absorption and SSA
in Manaus and
Porto Velho
Monthly statistics (2009 – 2012)
for light scattering coefficient σs at
637 nm and light absorption
coefficient σa at 637 nm in Mm-1
for Porto Velho (PVH, in black) and
central Amazonia (TT34, in red).
Single Scattering Albedo Lower
at the pristine site
Average spatial distribution of the direct radiative forcing (DRF) of biomass burning
aerosols in Amazonia during the dry season of 2010
CERES (Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System) and MODIS
Mean Diurnal
Radiative Forcing
due to change in
surface albedo in
Rondonia:
-7.3 + 0.9 W/m2
Mean Diurnal Aerosol
Forcing Efficiency:
Forest: -22.5 + 1.4 W/m2
Cerrado: -16.6 + 1.7 W/m2
Land-use
change
radiative
forcing.
Forested areas are selected in red and
deforested areas are selected in yellow.
Sena et al., 2013
Water column difference
by 6-10%
Forcing of water vapor
column: -0.4 to -1.2 W m-2
Effects of aerosols on carbon uptake expressed as Net Ecosystem
Exchange (NEE) at central Amazonia (TT34 forest preserved site),
and at southern Amazonia (PVH impacted site).
Thanks for the attention!!!
Annual deforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazonia from 1977 to 2012
Figure 1 – Annual deforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazonia from 1977 to 2012
measured by the PRODES (Projeto de Monitoramento do Desflorestamento na Amazônia
Legal) program from INPE (The Brazilian National Institute for Space Research).
Seasonal variability
(2009 – 2012) of ozone
volume mixing ratios
in Porto Velho (PVH)
and central Amazonia
(Manaus TT34 tower).
Circles represent
median values, and
bars represent 10 and
90 percentiles.
Diurnal variability in scattering and absorption