AUDIT ENERGI
AGUS HARYANTO
DEFINISI
• Energy Audit can be simply defined as a
process to evaluate where a building or plant
or activity or process uses energy, and identify
opportunities to reduce energy consumption.
WHY IT’S IMPORTANT
• As long-predicted energy shortages appear, as
questions about the interaction of energy and
environment are raised in legislatures and
parliaments, and as energy-related inflation
dominates public concern, many are beginning to
see that there is a unity of the single system of
energy, ecology, and economics. The world's
leadership, however, is mainly advised by
specialists who study only a part of the system at
a time.
Howard T. Odum. 1974. Energy, Ecology, & Economics.
MotherEarth News. Issue No. 27 - May/June 1974
WHY IT’S IMPORTANT
• There is a relationship between energy
consumption and cost:
With the cost of all forms of energy increasing at
a rapid pace, farmers have the potential to lower
their cost of production by performing an energy
audit on their farm or ranch and identifying ways
to lower energy use, which translates into lower
costs.
• Baseline: Efficient use of energy becomes very
important with rising energy costs
Chad Reisenauer, 2008, Farm energy audit can help conserve energy and lower costs.
http://www.farmandranchguide.com/articles/2008/02/02/ag_news/regional_news/re
g10.txt (January 26, 2010)
WHY IT’S IMPORTANT
• In the near future there will be a need to show
energy used to produce a product in it’s label
so that customer is able to compare and judge
which product is more energy-efficient.
• WITHOUT Energy Input Label (EIL), your
customers cannot assess the full
environmental impact of your products
www.energyinputlabeling.com
www.energyinputlabeling.org
EIL (ENERGY INPUT LABEL)
Just like how
consumers use
food labels
today to find
out fat %
Role of EIL in Business
• Demonstrate your environmental
responsibility
• Differentiate your products from competition
• Improve your customer trust and loyalty
• Gain preferential status from business
customers who adopt EIL
• Help yourself better understand your own
energy costs
PUSH PUSH & LABEL PUL
• The effects of standards and labels are complementary.
• For each energy-using product or process (e.g., household
appliances, office equipment, lighting products, industrial
processes, automobiles), one can identify a metric that
measures energy efficiency (e.g., kWh and mpg for automobiles).
• The black line represents the market for products in the absence
of standards and labels. As the red line shows, standards “push”
the market by causing manufacturers to eliminate production of
the least efficient models previously sold.
• The blue line shows, labels “pull” the market by providing
information to consumers that allows them to make better
decisions and purchase the most efficient available models.
• Together, standards and labels increase the efficiency of
products offered in the market.
TYPES OF ENERGY AUDITS
Level 1—The Walk-Through Audit
• It is a tour of the facility to visually inspect each of the energy
using systems. It will typically include an evaluation of energy
consumption data to analyze energy use quantities and
patterns as well as provide comparisons to industry averages
or benchmarks for similar facilities.
• It is the least costly audit but can yield a preliminary estimate
of savings potential and provide a list of low-cost savings
opportunities through improvements in operational and
maintenance practices.
• This level is also an opportunity to collect information for a
more detailed audit later on if the preliminary savings
potential appears to warrant an expanded scope of auditing
activity.
TYPES OF ENERGY AUDITS
Level 2—Standard Audit
• The standard audit goes on to quantify energy uses and
losses through a more detailed review and analysis of
equipment, systems, and operational characteristics.
• This analysis may also include some on-site
measurement and testing to quantify energy use and
efficiency of various systems.
• Standard energy engineering calculations are used to
analyze efficiencies and calculate energy and costs
savings based on improvements and changes to each
system.
• The standard audit will also include an economic
analysis of recommended conservation measures.
TYPES OF ENERGY AUDITS
Level 3—Computer Simulation
• It includes more detail of energy use by function and a more
comprehensive evaluation of energy use patterns.
• This is accomplished through use of computer simulation
software developed by the auditor that will account for
weather and other variables and predict year-round energy
use.
• The goal is to build a base for comparison that is consistent
with the actual energy consumption of the facility. After this
baseline is built, the auditor will then make changes to improve
efficiency of various systems and measure the effects
compared to the baseline.
• This method also accounts for interactions between systems to
help prevent overestimation of savings.
• This is the most expensive level of energy audit but may be
warranted if the facility or systems are more complex in nature.
APPROACHES
• Direct Approach
The direct approach itemizes all of the directly
identifiable energy inputs. For example, if a
machine is operated for 15 minutes to produce a
product, then the energy used to run that
machine for that amount of time would be the
energy input. If that machine operates at 40
kilowatts, then the energy input for that product
would be 10 kilowatt-hours. This is calculated in
the following manner: 10 kilowatt hours = 40
kilowatts x 0.25 hours.
APPROACHES (cont)
• Indirect Approach
The indirect approach considers the entire energy
used by an enterprise and divides that energy by
the quantity of products produced to determine
the energy input. For example, if a factory uses
10,000 kilowatt-hours in a month and produces
500 units of product in that month, then the
energy input for that product would be 20
kilowatt-hours. This is calculated as: 20 kilowatthours = 10,000 kilowatt hours / 500 units of
product.