!"#%$&'()*)+,
/- .10324.65879;:<.10>=@?1A3BDC :<EF0HGJILKH.1MDEFN*0PO"9DQ?1RS=TNU0VC :<ED?10HRWNUIPXY9FZ[9;:<RJ?\0>B1N^]
_a` RbK>GWcdNefK+QY0H.1ghNUAVK
C/i
N*Mj?\0HKH=TN*5kKP.\lY:<.1=TM ` K>N*0+m4A*GSNU5DAN6nDo5DGSp6N*03ILGSKhqr.\lst?\KHNU0HRW.f.Dn4su?vKHNU0HRW.f.Dnjw
5kK>?10HGW.DnD:?15D?12F?
]"i
N*MD?10LK>=TN*5kK.\l,xRWNUAVK>0HGJA*?1R'?\5D2y:<.1=TM ` KHN*0xY5Fz1GW5FNUN*0>GS5Fzjn4o5FGWp1NU0>IHGbKhq{.\lc.60H.656K>.Dnfc.60H.65kKH.DnDw
5kK>?10HGW.DnD:?15D?12F?
|D}F~1j1<f
D6}46Dkf31
r ¢",3*vUh'D¡*\£h
;33¤6V,¤
3§W^U£3h> kh^63¨U,¡U h¡ h^¡P"¢"U§Fb¢"U\¤1*>£,£h©¢"U6£h§W<U£h¤6¢[v¡H¥¥
Y
k
3
h¦ £hUV{¡*¯£h>¤6ªV£h¡*3²¨UU¡U§«>³F¬1*h£ª3V¢"Y´ 3<¤ ®H3<¢"h> 6\3¦ h£¯¢ 3UkYª£ µ4¦ PHh£hb3Uf{¤1>£h3£hV° ¤T¦ ¡*£h3<Ph¡
±*§² 6° >h k>£hH£
33*'£+¶«k·6U k+¡ ¤1vh b¦ ¨^¢"'¦ ¸ >\± ¤ h¡ £h©b£h©33¦ ¨U 6¡UvH [Ph3T¨HV£ª¡*¬"H 8¤6vU §Y¢"¡3ªv>
>^>3·6¦ >¡Uh¢"^66"V¤8U§Y¡*fh k¤8¦/¡
ª¸ ¦ º3^¤ a± ¦ >»¢"± 3£ªv£h¯±13¹v£h©3f¼1¤1£L>¡U£h>Vh¤ 3¹
6£h§J33¼1¡U£hª3µkª¦ 3"vh§JV*¤ £
µv>k¬@3h{ 6ª¾>£h½¿¼43v Ubà ± ¢" k>Lh Ä 6\U¤6kÀ ¹¬u¦ ¡*h 6¦ {ªVÅ6¤r£h@{ÆÃh 6¤6"v, Á¢"¶d3»Âvh3[U§W6£h§J^H¢ £ª¥
3¢"¡UHLh kU\§²¤6¡
¦¹ ¢
µ4>£,*§²ª ¦ £h33¡£h¸ ¦ ¤ ± V¤D«Ç¾¦ ¼6¡U£hUk¼4¤Ú^ªÙ8¯Û È,
Ë£h3Û °ÜJÝD¦ Í £hÛ bÊk Ë4± ¹Þ ¢[ÉLÛVÊ6ÛU¡UËÈß vÐJÌHÊ\¬[ͪÎÕU§J¹Ï>>ËÑhÐW fÒU>¡ÌT£,;Ó4¸¬1¦ ̪3¤ÎUbͪ± ¤+ÏL3Ô\H¢"ÐW³FÊ\33Õv>hhÎU3¨Êf'Ö8à¿hv3×h>Ø6²£LÖV¡*3ÕU>UÐJhÊvbÕ>¨>
há1^Vk¡²£hH 6 6ÒUbÌ>± Ü
hª¡*H3f£L¡*¤[¡U£h>L´ {h¦ ¨¤ hV± ¡*ª ¢âV± ¡£hhªH3 @3¤6H3¬1h¨^3h¤63^¢v¼8 ¹ ¦ ¡U¡U¢"rk3¤>v³Fh¢[3>¡3hh¬+¨µ4µ4+h¸3¦ ¦ ª¯¤ V¤± >V^µv¤ ¬3¦ >¡©ªh ª^¢[± ¡U¡*Dª£h 1H¥¥
¢"¼1£h6¨b3¢[¡*UT£h3hª k ¦ £hL3¡U33kä¤k¡ã£L¤r¨¼4Hv¥åUh*b¥È æ6£h^¢"v"Hhç² k\v¤Ubµv ¬ ± ¤6ª£h 3Hh¡©¬¦ ¨^¡b¢©£h± ¥¥
¡*hµk¯£h> ª¦ £h¢/3¨Uµ4¡U>£D¼4*>§f£ª¤1§WvU£h ¢[¦ ¢"¡U633v^h©4§Wã£hU¢Â¨± >V¥è¡*hHU ¥Èæ6ª£h U¦ \£hP3d粤6v¦ 3^¼4> f± ¤6, ± ^b¤
µ4¢"
Hh¡U k8\¤
¡U¼6+¼6£h§ U¼6 £hb£h¡*,h3U£hb33¼kHb¡*hb3U3[¢"¤633v¨^3§WU^£¯¼k¢"h 6>
\²L>¡*³FfU¤6£ª¡*h'£L¤@\± ¼4¨^v^¨\¦ ±
±
¢[¡*v¬[bk¤63¼4¦ >f¦ ¤6>\ ± £h ¦ ¼k3
é ê*ë *vì'íîd1Uïåì ë
>ð¡*^f¢"¤rh3¼4õ¯^óY63¡"3^vªh>33P>ñ/hUòV^§'ó¯8£h3¡§JU3ª£¯¨U>¡Ub61*3§J§*£h¤6¸ ¢[v¡*¤ ¦h¢"3^¢"r3v>£h\h> hª¹;3£h<ô 3ó¯¨Uà¤1¡U¡V²¡Uª£hHV¬ ° ¦ Uh§£h 63°
<¦ ªhH> 6£hb£h>3U § ¹
£h¤1>vb>¨^¡*¢"k>3\//¸ ¦,¤ ± 3b¤t¢"3µ4v/h+¸ ,¤ ¦ V¦ b¤t¤ä±¡*µ4[£h>>^b>¢"¨^¡*¼k\>[hU*ö£hk fU¹ ¡*"©£hb> b¹ >V¨^¡U¡*L\
µ6Yh ¦h£h33ªU¼4k3>ªj£ h<¦H3¡Uh kL d° S¦¤1¦ V>£ª¡U±¬v4²>^æ6U3£«>¡hb^¡* £ ± ¡*3*¼6£h£h¼ U¦ k;µk;h²¨Y6>§J3³F¡UUª£ª¥
h¦ S¤"£h3µ4ª¼4>£hV>° ¦ ¦ hT£hV3¤©¨h>£ª¬8>·6° ¡U¢"H£ª¬vk Yð¡*f¤¢"¸ U¦ ¹ £h¤ "± ><÷©33¨^>3£ªv¬[/¤6¡*v¼k ¼1¦ £h¢"¡U3Lv
¼1£hh/¨1bH¤1·kV¡*¤t¢"h kk@¯¡* fµk¤ª¸>¦ ¤ V± ¡U¯Ã¦ Ukµ4r¬ª¡/3 3¦ Hµ6hVª>¤uh*y§²hb k6P3 ¤1¤1v8¦ ¡*¢">\hh k ¹
£h¼6>b>¨^U¡*§j\h< kY¤1v£h3 ¦ 3¢"¨^¡*¦ 3vvh ¤6¹ v* £<¢">¨33vTh3¡
'S,¡£ k± ¹ £h*3¸ ¼6£h¤ >ªV3¤[v¦L¤1¡*vh ¨P¢"h3¡Uv¢©h¥
¦ hªá1b>¤6b>>Uh§;^h 6*§« ¡¦ µk ªHµ6ª>¡*¦ £hP§WU¡*£«ª¸ ¦ ¤¢"Vb¤"h/¦ h 6µ43<¦ [kµ4± *33^£h3¢"3>¨^d¦ ¡*hv kP<ø ùUúè¥
¦ ^h [YÁ§J>¡*Ãf¤1£h>^b¢û>¨^¡*ª\3,3>¤6¦ hv^r¢"3vUhkd+¦ ¼4± ^ªª° ± µkhY¿¬ ¹ üµ 3¦ ¬"Yh§J f*¡£P° ¡¦ > £hµ63¥
¦
¦
¦
ý6Hþªÿ ÿ þªÿ Hÿ Hþèÿ èþ >ÿ >ÿ Èþ >ÿ bþª>þ ÿ Uÿ *þ Hÿ
þ >þ >ÿèþ *þ ÿ *þ Hÿ ªåþÿ *åþ þ Hþ ÿ *ÿ *þ Hÿ þªÿ
åþ þ >ÿ
ª*þ þªÿ è3þ þ ÿåþ
^þªÿ èþªÿ 3þªÿ Hÿ
bþªPþ ÿèþ Èÿ Èþ þ Ufÿ *ÿèþ þ ÿèþ åÿ Uÿ Hÿ C þ þªÿ C C>C C >ÿ
!" $#% & ' ( ' )+* , ' #- *' - ./ 01
21 3 4* 56 17( '/8
.19 :;9
,19 :( < 0*4 1 =
< >:
" , . ,/ ,4 31
?-@A :CBDE%FGH= #- :
*4 ;:/H;!I
!. I
! 4*/ !9>: J)* < 7; K
E'LBDM"BON"P QR): A 4;* : ? *! S QQR ?-@-A
8OTR VU 86W TV8DT
RQR2XT)E WW/E
¸ f¦ L¡¡U¤ hv±3h3¬b¤¡U
µ46¼4>§J§J*U*£h£ª£h¢[h/^¡*¡* hv^¬*©§©£h£h>hHb k>ª¨^£hyb¡*>\>¨^^<¡*f¤13vh>ªh¦3^¢"§j ¼13v£hh¨1Y/b¡*¤1£h3h¯§W¡*/ "¦ 6f3¢"¤DV¤Ä¢",ækVhU¤6t£ªb¡* µ4¦h ¥
ª6^§J *¦ £hh¢[U¹ ¡*hh^T[h£h k>ª£h¼63¨U£h^¡Uµ6F3¬1¢Th3¢"àådh+h£L 6¡U"6ü"L¤6¡Ufv¤6¡*¢"£L¤¾3v¼1h£L,¡U>¡*h333*[£L¤1*¥§
h k± "hª*¥Èh3 k¡U3V£¤>·1¼6¼4£hU3µf>h¡U3µ6¤8b¼6Ȭ8£hU£Lµf¡*¡*kµkü\ Ȭ{¼1U§,£hk£h333¼k¨U¦ ¡Ur6ø3ò U¹ úè§J^àȧV¡£h >± ¥
ª £h3¨^¤6¡*v, ¬1¢"h33v¢ hY+£h'V¡*µ4ª
^k>¡U·1µk3>¬yb3Hv³FP3± >3h¡Uf¨¤1 b¹ ¤kh¡* 6h"> k§J *± £P 63k/3 £L¡*ªkUüv ¥
h8 k± h k1
ÛVÛ^ ߦ ¦ µ6ª>P§J*£Û ¸ ¦ U¤ §D± 3Ub± 3"H,hbU 6bP>b^¤1kV¡ª£ §WU£h>¢"h^¯ h k¡U
µf ¡*ªh¦bPk§WVU¤ £
µv¤6¬83¨^á13¼f^¡¼k£h¢"ÐJHÊvü{>Õ \´^[Uk¼6ÌHËW£h3Ô U+¼4¡*Ö ^fh¤¡U+d¡Uøò {ÁYò ¸¿ªú µ4>¡U£k± ¤ >ª¦ V¤V¡*¡*,£h¹h¬{ k¯3U¼1b¦ £h3b¢[Hh¡bU£ª¬
ª3£h^33¨^>¡*h²U»ÚU6>§W^>k£h3ªk£ >¦ >óhH^·6¼4H¢"£hbH¢"¹h k>\\¤8h¹ ø{h kò3¦ õU[úè ,Á<¶» è;>·\+ÁY>¥
¹ 6h^¼1¥è£L¡Ukü^V¤
Æ+¤6v ¦ ¥
,
6
4
¼
v
^
"
¢
H
h
k
\
¤
>
6
·
U
¡
"
¢
k
3
²
h
±
¢"àȧF3Æ
v¡Uh;k¤§W£hU¢ ¡£hV¡ULb¡* /£ *§ [h kf,¤6ª>>¼43*f§D¤1¤63vv ²£h¢">ª3£hv3h¨Uk¡U¸ 1>¤ ³FU3£ª¤
h £h3J£ 3¦ ¨Uk¡ULvóH
¢h[ k¡3>¬©£hHµ4§JUY£h¡Uª ¦ ¢"L¡UVµ6¤©bd± h§J+U¹ £²µ43¨^£h¡*3 ¼1£h¡*3hª3 vL£h¡*>h¦ ª¨£h3¨UU¡U§Dh£h k3¦ b±¤6h33¡U«4àȪ§k>Æ,¡U¡Uff¤¤
"¡U¢"¡*£hk3b¤¡*£ ¡U± k ¦¹¤
6¸ V,¤ 3¨VH¤D£ d¹ ¦æk¼¯*£<hY¦H·kÆ ¡*"¢"¤1±¼kv ¦ ¢">h\ khD¢ ,¦Á<¦ ¶dD»dh¥ b"v¡Uµ4¤6 6>v·\ ¥
£h>V·1° ¼4>£h£h¢" 3v¡*h¼k¼6ø¦ òV£hVõU·1úk± ¨^¢[¡*¡*¦ h33'¬ U§DÆ ÂPò ¸ P¹ ¤ ¡Uk3¤ ¢"3vÃhõ §JU£,>£h" ° ¦ ª>3£ª¤ ¬ ¹
h ^¼6¢/¦ b>µ4H¤6£d±3£hª3¼6¼1£hh3ª3*v¨^h>£hb¡¡U¼S¡µ4£ H¿¯,>¢"¹ 3¼1£h£h*H¨^¦ ª3£h¢"b±>3¨^v¡*F£ ¦ ¨kH£²3«¸ Çä 6 b<¦ hh k 6
3° v¦ h>£h£hP3 3^ 3µk>hL^¡*r\h*b¡*§«²£h> ³F¦ U± ±£ª k<¬ ¡*<£h¹ V° [£h¤1Vv¤F <¦ ¢", k3v+h¡U¦,¢(
§WU± £*¡U§'± h k
¼f¦¡* k¼4>8£r¢[¹ r¡*¦h\äL¡*>·6k¡U ¢"kh8 kr¢"ª>hº3 k8\¡U¤1k¤u§J*>£r¦ ³F3£h>Vh¤ ¦¨336 3± ªh 6*§@h k>³F@U£h£ª> ¥ ¹
¦ hj ©± ¤6>3^¡U43>hh^ Dh± k<¼6£hUµk3¢ *§²µ S¤1 L ª>h*§;£h3¥
h3¨U¨¡U3kk>>Yª,¸ ¦ U¤ §j± h3 k¢"3¼4vvhU ¹ b /¢">·6>¡Uh 6¢"\¤[6¡Ufh¦ 6¤"
¿H÷"/± 363>¦ !kH¬r¡U¼6¡U¼6k£h¤r^¡UHL³F k33>3¥ ñ
¡U¡Urv²UvPh>¼4£L¡Uv>^h¨ P£h>ª£h 63¨UH¡U± +²¤6¡Uvf ¤/¸ ¢"¦ ¤3v± hD± ¡*£h¢">>·6h 6¡U\¢"¤ ¹k3¡*¤¯f¤@b¡©¡*¨U¡*U£h£ª¥¥
¤6åãT>£²¤6æ'>hó©H£h k¢" b6£hbV± ¤hµv^¬uh¶' 6D·1¼4¸ ¦ >¤£h± ¢"3¦ ¢"3v3Lv¡*h 3¦ ¨\ªS¤1 3± k¡<>Tãµf¡*¨ª>V¥È¤Ú;UU¥Èäæ6£hUh 6v
¢[,Á¡3¬¶d»dµ4¥ ¡^ª¦ ¤1V¤¾ kvhTr>>^£h33¡*>hhT^¡*Ãy>f³F¤13>Vh¡*h¨3"3hU kb¡*3[Hh3bUhä kH¢"£[*¢"£h[>h k>÷©\¤ ¥
33vh¬h k¦ ¡Uh 6¯¼4v^ ± ¢"Hh k\¤D
F í ìD
Áh<, k k ¸¿ ªµ4¼4>£hv£ h^± 3ª ± D¢"bµ1¡">£Lh¡*ò 6£ª\¬8¤
øò >U^úè ñ ¦ 3h>hk^V¤
¤6µ\3¬©¨>á1b¼kU¼k¡*£h¢"Lüv3¥¿v´Ud^¼6k£h>Ud¼4¡*^fh¤©¡U4¨U§W¡UU £
µ4µ4½Èà'r¤1>V¢[·1¡U k¡U¡¤6¬ ¦ ¹@hhh 6y¨3UªVT ¡*£ªø £h£ª¦ 3¬u;3¨U§1¡Uk6*3;fª¸¤1U¦ ¢"3¤¼4± 33f¡*¢"ª¤1h333vv¢"h¼1ªú'jVªª¡* k 6£hL k¦ ¦ 3bS¤ ¤
¦h{ª ^±µ1L¡U¡Uvä¬Ã¡{¡V¨U¼4¡UvbU¡Ubµ63¤äb8 ¦ ¦6h§J*¼ £h¦ ¢[
¡*§WhU£[^Ä¢"¡*Uf£h¤!µ6¤6£h3^¨\¡^¤13 ¬ ¹
)Y
Z
\[
^]
)_
)`
ba
c
'd
a
Kd
d
Gd
>Y
fe
iY(g
g(g(g
jcg(g
a
9Y
k
lnmo
m qp
;r
)`(s(c
t
vu
)_
,t
g(g
Kdhe
g
cg
g(g(g
$cg
LµfL¡U¡*¡Uª6kVV¤k¤¤ ¡£h£L3^¤Äk3¨Uª¬ V¡U¡6£h3HY Äh¸ ¦ ¤ ª±h¢"¼3¢"¼kV3 vh¦ à¿!ªh> f£h¡* k@>¨^T¢[¡*V ¦¡3¡*¬¡*ª¾hµ4^ªU^¢"µ1* ¥§
h33h¢"¢[¼1h¡*Vh¤D{ À U§+h k@£h3¦ 3¡UP¦ h¡U¢"¼6b{ª k ¦ b¤Ãµ4{¡*ª¥
>ªk£ 3¦ 3Ç>j,hh3 6^¤6<6¡*¢[ªhSY¤1¡*ø>b©£h k>H£h<3òUh^ kò 3ò >¼4hvU^òVkõ*ú嫱 §J*,¢"£, kh>3 khª 6Yd\3ª¤[^·[¡U3, >Áh¦ ª¶d^36»t¤[«h33
U^663§Jª^H1£ª¥¥
*¡*§Df¤©¡U¼6£h¼63£h3V¨U·1¡Ub¢[63¡dh3¸ ¹ ¬ ¤ ¹ 3¢"¹ ¹ 3v¹ h+ô1¤6¢[¹v¡U¦ ¤6¢"^3v h ¹V¥ *Pù° £h¦ 3> £h3 ªJ>hh^¼63Lµ6ó ¥ ¹
¢h"U¼kªh,V¤{,Hµv£h¬¾U¼k£L¡*¤6£ªHh¦£h3V¤/¼f± ¡*µv\¬h3bTü^3,b 6 kv"\ ¤©¦ µkU§f¢"£hô>ªbh>V¨^¤{¡*k£h3> ¦ ¦ ¡Uhk+¤+§WUh£
kdV¡Uh¦ ^L ¼
Æ"3H¤1hvV ¤¦ h¢"©>µ4\h'¸ §J*¤ £V3¡*¤H "µv¬h^,¼6Á<¯¶d¡U»Äk¤©¡*ªVª¡U3Lª [ªU £h¦ 3µ6Y¢"´ bª¤ ¹ªU3[¢"3v>£hh,§Jª*H£¥
UkU¸¬[¤ h kV3¤[ª¤6¤6vv ¦ ¦ ¢"¢"± 33vvhhd>>£h<£h¯¡Uªk 3 ¢"¦ ¤63V¤[¤[6Udh£h 633¦ 3¨^U¡*± bv3VH'hækbUUj£döfh¡U k
¦¨U¡*£h¦ ¦ ± ,Á¶d» ¦ 3^3>h^6 ¹ >¦h 6>£Æ ò U£Æ ô
,¤1v¡U ¦ ¢"ª>V\¤{h,hT3 k S¦¤£hµ4©h¸ f¡¤ /¡3¤D ¦ ÷"33v+ ¦ ¢
µ4>£PU§£h>b>¨^¡*\
¦ ¡£h¢[¡Uø *¦ ú/>·6¡*¢"b¦ 63±Th k¾3^¢"¼6bHh3k3ªr*§"h kr¡U¼1¥
¼1µ4£hH£
¡**H§, r£h¡*3f3¤T¨U¡U^vµ6
ª>¤6£hv¨3¢"h f3¡v¯h¤1§J ¦ µkk¤8 ± µv¬aÆò^kò H[£hV ¡Uª3¡*<£hh¢[ k¡*P ¦¡U¢©ª ¥
¸ Uµk¤ ª>£h3¨^'3; h f¡ ;h 6µ d'3¤6¨¦ v>3v'U§k6¡U±'£h3>U3¦ ¢"¢"¢"3v3²vµ4²> kÈV,a3>h+ k'k¤6¡ 3¼4£h333k¢"¤6>3\v
¡h¦ 6³F3± >>h³F3>3d^U3§\>¸ h¹ ¤Uæ b >³F3¡ >h£h>¨33¢"633ªv3 ªdv*£hh k k3>{,Á<ø ô ¶dò3ú»d±H¥ ·kP¡*3¢"Ubk>3>¥
h¤13UvTh¡U¬¾k¤[¡*fh¤{ 63^¦àá66´/3± 3U¤6± >b>>± hh k^¡*µ4*¯hµ y¦ ¦ ¡*b£h"± ¡*>f³F¤>¸>¦h¤ ¨± "V¤[¡*f£L¤1¡*k3¼4ü\3 6¥
hH 6£L¡U¾D,¼4UÁ<h¶d3v»dh¥b¡Ua 4¦ ¡3µ6¦ ¢"ªªbUh kk<3¼4vF^Uµ4 3"¢"ø ô >õUhú¯ 6\b\¤¨>*§'h, ± Á<¡*h¶3»uª¡*3f¨v¤± ¥
¤1¦ v±^ ± 3¢"h>\h¡{,¢">hh k\£h3¤y¡Uªh^8k¡UÅkµ6fb¤Ú>¡¾³Fb*¡*£ª£ V± ± >£ ¦ ¢/µ4>£/U§¯£h>b>¨^¡*\
¦ 6>£hb¤k¡*>
¡U øò *ú ¹ £h ± ¡£L¤6 ± h 6"3^6ª£ ¦ >hUyU§Y¡
1
á
¢ ¦ µkhL¡*b\ h± b¦ ¡*;¡Ud3Uh>
>^h>3£h>¢"h^ *¹§«Uhbµk¢"ª>£h¨^¡*©f¤h f¢"¡*^khH 6¬ >£h"¡*ªª
v3bh¡*hV¤ ¡
æ6¦ Uh£ h kµ ¦ ,bb¢ ¤1b ±h¡Pb ¹h>,¡Uf3Uh3b3Hh>b^U3>¦ hªb^ ± h¡U 6D¤k¼4¡vL^¡+,¹ ±¡U¢"¤6HHh£h kb¨^\V¤D¤
§Sh£h>^¢"¢¼4U6£L>¡UD3¦ Uª¢"H£h¼4¨1^3k± >¦>3\
V»«^,k kª3° h¦ 33¢"vh¼4U¬ £L¹ ¡*¹ hD k>
^¢"¤k¡*¼4L^¡"633Uvv,L¡U¡*k<V¤{H·1¡ ¥
¼6H·6^>3hVb>¤T\h@[¡U¤6¼k3¼1¨^£h3V·6^¼T¢[h¡^h¼6bU
kª¼4U3§
>3Åk^+¢"h¼6>bHh3U¸b>¤ >h^ k<ûh fá1¡*¼433¡*£h§S ¥
ªV ¡*¢"¬ 3¹ vh½ ¦kU¼1§;£hhV k¤6¯>µkL¡U¡*ªµk¯33Àa*£h3¼ ¨3 vh¡*bj¡*£h¤k{¡LL¡/ k^¼6ª£h>¦ *ã± ªha
± hh k k¡*3¨b¡*>£ \±
¢[>^±¡3¬"3>µ4h¯^¡Uê ¦[¢">£h3V¤"¡hhV
¤äµ4µv¬y6UL,¦¡Uü\£h3¹ 3¨U¡Uv¡UV[ ¡8ð h^µk¼6ªbHH"¥ÈªU¼4§¯>3h 6ÅfT3h3*£ª¥ ¹
¼§W^¦ V¹ ¡Ub ²¤6¡*hL k¡
+§S3£h¨^>¢û\Vh< kÁY3h¢"3¨^P¡*kU3§«±1h¹ 6¸ P¤ 3¨33¢"v3¦ v¦ h\¯h¡F£h/h 6¢[£h3¡^¤1¤6¡3^¬6
>>¨\>¯£ª k¬"V¤1 v± h¦ ¢">3\k>£L©¡*bhº> k©'hh k 6P£h3¡UY¼6¤6¼6¡V£h¬/^¦ ¡U¼4L> 8± £hh\¤D'h 6àåd/3dUkkUª£ ¡U¼6>¼fh¡^£ª ¥
*§ ± ð 36¤6>¤6£L¡UhD^hk3± ¡U¬/3UªbU3¢"HhbU¡*k£hV3¡* d*§F6§J*£h¢[¡*h^
£h>ª£h3¨^¡*¦ L ¡¼1*²£h^>µ6·1b¼4>>¢ £h¢"U§«3ªvVh¡ £h¦ H 6ª ± 3*£ª»£ ¦Á ¼6h33¤P6>¤k£L¡*¡*Lh¡*Vµf¤¡*hª>3·\ HÑó,ª¡U¢ f¦ ¤S¡¢"hU ¹ £h± ¦ h£h kH ¥
> k3¡Vv¨hT¬+¡Uª¤6¼4^U¼1üh3V
¤Ú¤6¡¾v ¤6¦ ³F¢"± >3£hv>²\©£h>3ª¨^£h± ¡*3 ¨U¡U¡*1h¡UUkä¤
h¨\3bL¤6 k36<S3° b¼+^ä£h>,ª£h k3¨U"¡UÑ
£hhH>§J¢ >£ª£h3V¨^¤r¡* h¡*h¡*¯U 3hµf k¡*Hª£V¤Â
Ê ^Û Êk¡ ÜåÐJËȽ¿Ì ¦ ª3V¤1>̪ÀÃÎUͤ6ÏLvÔkÌ ¢"øò 3*¦vúaU£øò ¡**¯úè ¬1ð¥
ü\>36ª 1k¥å¤6h>>¦ £ª¢L¡*ü£h3>[ª£hµv3¬[¨^¡*¡ dª3ª>¡*£,£hLh f¡ª¢ ¦ ªb¡3h33ü\P h k¦ ©¡+£hª>¼4ª3£h>3Åk¨U ¡U f¼6¡U£h*§S¥¥
£hü\>6¢"3¦ ¢/1¥åµ4h>>£h¢ 3¤ ¹ ª3¤6¡*v£hL¦ k3¢"3¦ v¤6Vv 3¶k¨U*¡U ¦ £h¡*V°h^ £h@*± £h§[33¬6¨U¡Uh6>3¢"" ¸ ¹ ¦ ¤ ª H± ¥
¢"3¡*>h\V¤h3à¿h6 kPhV¤6¡^¡*¤ L¹ ¡U¡µk¡U£hª3Pb¡*¡*hf¨¤[3h¬ k3¤6¡ hk>ª¦ hH£<¨6[3¤1Vv¤[ ¦ <¢"¡*3ªªvv+3¦ b
¡*h± V*¤ ¥
h ÇÃh 6 6b<[¤1ü\vk V¦ ¢"6>¥å\hV3 ¢ª3¡*£hL k ¦ ¨>£ª¬8¡U¼6¼4V¡U 63
h>¨^U¡* ¦ ¡*h£h V± ° h k£h3£hHkª>£hÂb>¨^3¡*¨^<¡* *§P¡*h¼4UUh8±3v¢"hb>¡Uh 6¬Ú\¤63UUb£ª £ ¦ 3¼6P[¡*6f± §W¤rU£h¤6¢[v>¡¥
¹ ¦
±
¦
s
_
`
fcg(g
gg(g
cg
Ha
c >s
e
g(g
e
Y
_(g
]
>Y
>Y
)s
a
[
)c
/s
g(g
»Ub>>h^ ãç>¯ªõ£h ò^ç ¯õ \ ð ç 1 UÁ<õ^ç õ
ðð
ðÁçç 11 ^õ^õ \òU 1ò 1ò^ \ò
ð
²¡Uµ6b©òUñ ð çä>U£ª£h3b¡*hU@µ4>¿33Tª3*£h ± § ¦ kHhbUk
kU§*+V¡*¡^h¤k ¤\£hU3£hªPº3h k©b¡*¢"£ *£h ¨± ^> k¢">£L>¡*/U6§<§WU6£h¢[§WU¡*£h¢[hU¡*¾hU£hj>ªÚ£h3;¨U3¡U'/L3¡U^ªü ¥
¢"3>3hvh^6¡*± £hPh [h£hj± >£hS¡V°h±¨3£h3¬"¤Db ¡*¦ £ ± ¦ ¢
µ4>£h'U§F£h33¨U¡Uk>¸ ¦ ¤ ± >¥
¦
\^ïåì ë \^ï kë U
ì
,¡Uk k¤
3± Ub¡U3HhUbU§ 6§WhU£h£h¢[H¡*h£hU©u¤1£hv> ª£h¢"3¨^>\¡*<h;b
¹ h§J* k£T,3¡ U± b>¨>3hÃ^©° ¦h f>£ª¡¬
¡k*£h3[3¤D¢" ^ð +vü\3¤¹¬{£hh3@ µ4
©¦ £h£h>3 3¨^£h6¡*¦v
+¢[h¡*vh¬ k ¤1v¦ ªH¢"£ +3v6hP§WUh£h f¢[¡¡*©h¡U£h
£h33¨UÛ ¡Uvh k¡U± k¤T£L¡*§Jh> *¤1§d¦ v£h >¦ b>¢"¨^3¡*¦ v\h¯Y¤6hv f ¡*P¢"¡*3£hv/h6U£h¦ ¯> £h>£hb>6¨^V¡*¤T\hV ¤1Þ,vÍh>Ì>¥Ü
¦¢"Ï>Т"h3Ðv3hvÊ6Yh¹ £hH£h H¦ £h¦ k£h3k¤@3¤ h¹ "¡Uhf 6¤
Íh ̪¦ Ïh¢
Î ßJµ4ß ¹ >h£< 6U/¦ §£L£h¡*3h3T¨^¡**v§,P£h¦ 3¤6v3 ¨U¦ ¡U¢"v+3v¤6hvY ¦b ¥
h¡* kh"P3¬1Ubh>3>¢"h3^[ ¹ àå§,¡*£hhP k/¿£h©> L¡Uhk ¤k¡*£L¤6¤v¢"V¢"¡U3¦v£hh3P ¡¦ £h"ªVU¤£L¤6h"H£h>V¨^¤¾¡* µv¦ ¬ ¥
3V¡Uh"¢[µ4¡*h>V^¤Ú¢"¼6¼ £hUhµfV¡U¤
µ66b>È£h¬ä3¢"*¦ §3v£h3L¡U± 3¨U¬
¡U6¡U3d¦ ¡¹ § ¼1£hk3>3hª^^/ÃU§4¡*hf k¤a£h 3V¢©¡U¥
µ4¢">V£P¡U*§£h¤63v ¦ ª¢"V¦ ¤¾3vhhr<£h3H¨U ¡U¦ £hk¡3h¤D£h>Ǫ£h
33¨U^¡U6ª¦¼4S¤1>£ª>§J£¯*£hh¢[ 1£h¡U3k/>3^Uñ ¢"¢"¦ ^
ÎhVTÕvÌ £h3V¦ Íh¡*̪bÏ>ÑÐ ö hÐ ¦ Û Ê Ü Íªð ̪Ï>çdÐ hó Ð ¹ Û hÊ 6<¦ÑÁvçdhó ¹ ± £Lh¡* 6F"U¼6§j£h¼63£h>3bª3Uªa^¡*§WhHh£/ h k£h3©ªÎU¼4Å6ÒU>£hÌH>ÍH Ü
£hh3 k©3£h¨U3¼1¡U£h¦ v3[3hª¹ ä^yh 6 k>¡£h§Wh 3>^£h3 6>P/hhUÅk kj£h"öP+ ¡*¦ õ f¢
¤ µ4£h3>Íh£P̪Ï>UhÐ §h3Ð ¤6[Û vÊÄàå P¦ ÎU¢""Ë3!$v# 3h,dèç¸ ü\¦ ¯6¤ õ ± Vó ¤ ¹
h¢" fV¡¡U h 6£h>3£h"ø U¡¯ú詪²£h¡UUµ6 b± 3ò©*£ªª£h k3Vb¡*h^h f¡¡*¯¢"¦ ,^
±§J ¡Uf6¤{h 13£h^3¢"U¼k§4¡*h£L k¡U>µ6ª
h3@U£ª3£h>¨US¦¡U¡ h¡^hk[ôhµ4 6>[È,,3Á3a¶d»dh k¥ @>ªµk¢"¢">ª£hªª3^/63r 63;ä¦ @hµ4 6">¬a3U¡k£hª¦ hª3Vv¤
L¡Uhk ©¤k,¡*£LÁ<¦ ¤¶¢"»V¼6¡U£L ¡*>£hh3§J3* £¹ 3,¨U¡U f¦ ¡V¡*¨hd H 6^£hHª3ª£h+b>h¨^¯¡*¡U;¤6^¬1¼1h 3ð ¢ ç{¼4¡U>²£ª§WhU 6£ª ¥
¢[¡U6Çu3h§J *£<h kh 6¯¢"¦¼ V¦ ¡*£h ¼4^£hª 3,*¯§²¦ h kª ±¼fh¡*/¼43>U£V¢" ¼f¡*£h¯¡Uf¤3¨U¡U ¡h
h£h k3@3¨U½È¡U>k³F>3>h¸ ¨¤ 3633¢"ªª3À[v¦ Uh§'3ö13¹ hU kb>>¬>h3^UkvL<¡UhT f¡*h< k¤1P³Fh¡*H¢"£<Uk¤6¬v bT¢"h¦ 3 6v3h£
¡¢"Uk¤kh k kVuh¡Uª¢"¦ ¢"± °b¡*¦ £HV£hb¡U>L3 [ 3 ^k+3>¡Uh¼6^¼6£h¡*Hh T¯h k Y¦ bS¤6¤TVµ4¡*fP3hU[b¦ 3¤1H>hhb>U£ª ¥
£h¦òóPª+ ¡± ªªh¢"^ 6¢"P¼kd"h¢"H3£L> ¡*ª£hv¦^£h«+U,§¡* 6fh> k¤£h",ª©¡*¼k¢
¼4+Vµ4¡L>£h k£¯²Uh*ªP§µ4h£h336¦ ¨^ª¡*¯¡*v§J3+ 3¦ ¤63£<¼1vh ¢"V¤>¢"ª¢"£h3v>3hª3¥ ñ
¤6³FV>¡*£hH3 [6333U+b>>hð ¦ ^ç ¹fô õó'ó¯hh k k"£hv¦ UkV¡¢"£/V3¡**[£ª£hh3° b¡*¦ h¡*£h^ aÑÁ¯µ4>ã@È,á63ó¦ >* §jðh 6ç
¨^¨^¡*¡* ¦ 333¹ ¡*f¤{ùvóh k¹& %P3k¤k¡*b3*£ª£h3b¡*h^Ãø ô^ô úµ4>È,3> ð ç
¦ , 6[ ¦ ¢/µ4>£¯U§Y¤6v ¦ ¢"3vh¸ ¦ ¤ ± 3¤8£h33¨U¡Uv+b
¡Tª¢©¥
¼k¢[/¡U[¢"ø Hª£hò b*Uúöjª3²¯h¢[ 6b¡;·6¢"¢">ªº3£hV¤T
r>¨^h k¡*
¡*S¤1hV ¡U«>h k^3,>hÁ^¶dD»¾ ¼4v¡*^£ªÑ¥
h kVP, >¨µk>¹ ª£ >¹ <h kU¦ §¤1¢"v Hª£h¢"b+3v ± h6,Uh£h"3µ4,¡*\¸ ¬T¤ ¦ µkbV¡U¤@¯¡U±hk k¤¡*¯¢[ ¡3¬kU>£h·1>bY¯h 6b
°¼4¦^ª¡U33¦¿Y¬,* 6§²Ph kUh 6¸ ¦ >£¤ ¦ ± ¢"3¢"Hª3£hbv>h< ¹ 3U¢"¢"¼fh¡¦ £h¯± ± h khY¯¨U£h¡U3 ¦ <§J*U± £<§3U¦ ¢"£Y¼¼ ¦ £ªª¥¥
± ,h 6 6¯T3Á¨U¡Uã@ ¦ áa¡h¤1bU³F@>£h¢"3kV¡U> ¦ µ4£h¯>È^,33¡/Úª>3YUbU3§«H£hhHbªU£h¦ kb>( ¨^'*¡*D)[£h3¡* f¦ +¤ h¦3' ,
± ¨3£L¡Ukü^V¤ ¦ µk¢"ªª^k-).06 /1/1/1.2-3 6
4 5 3687 9*:©ø '*)¿ú ;- =
ó <>9*:©ø ',Lú ;- óªó ,
)
k>£h" 9?:©ø ' 6 ú ;-A@^óbYh k
¡V¨>£L¡ ± /¼1£h33ª^{U§d ¦ µk¢"ªª^
(g
Y
g
gg(g(g
Y
g
`(sY(g
Y
g
`_
o9om
2m
Z
g
g
`;sYg
g
g(g(gg
g
`(` _
`(_
`(` )_
g(gg(g
m 0m
a
Z
a
Z
a
g
g
9Y
Y
5a
)g
a
9a
a
d
a
g
Pure TREC-6
Relevant=3923
ISJ
Relevant=3900
6U¤ §dv æ6¦ U¢"µ6£Y¢"3hv kªhhj3¡U¤H>£h £h3¦ j ¡U¸ ;¦ h¤, ± ÁV¡*¶d¤Df«»Ã¤á13Uh^ k¢"P3£h>3h^<¹ §W£hUð ¢
V¡U¢"¡Uó6¹ 3§W¡U£hµ4US¡¢& £ª¦ ¬@h k>d·1¼4¼4¹ >v£h^¥
¢", k3
v¦ h½¿3¼ +à¿£hr3À<hU,LÁ¡U ¶d¹ ¦ »8ù ¹ 31U¹òUbò3¤6HhvbU¦ ¢"èç3v h<ój,²H£hh k'¸ ¦ £h¤3 ± 3¤{²U£h§;3ò 3¨U¡UvV
§J¢[>¡U >£¡*¸ 4¦¦ ¡^¤ ¤1± k3¢"vY3v hµ6¢"¤ ¦ bªªhUh¡* 6f
¤©Hh·6 k>< ¦ ¡Uª6^3{SU¡§£ª¬[h k>¦ /·1¼4ã >£h¦ ¢"hb3;¹ v>h·\3
à¿,tÁ¡^¶d¦¤k»d¤1¥ hbU¤k ¡¹ L¡ ¤ ¦ ¦ Ukh@U¡Uht 6>à £[ µ6>¢"£ª£h*ª£[ªbUt k3á*[¡*ªbªk3¡^¢/¤1µ6¨>b£ª h± 3vhh 6¬
^ª¢"¿¬"ª*h§²V¤F»,ñ ¡*§W£hUü1£h6¬¹ Sô ¡ ò Ñ H¦ £hµ6ü3¢">ª¬khóHV¦'¤T,µv k¬r'¡¸ ± ¤ £h 3¦ ¢"¼¾3¡v¯hdh k ç 6+b¨^¡>£h£ª ¥
h¼4 kvU^ª¯ h f¡*¢">h k \¦ ¤tS¤¹ hµ4y h± 6>rk>£h£L>¡¢[hV¡U¤kµv¬¡U¦ ¼6¼kä± ¬1,b Á<± ¶dh»d 6¥ ¯yL ¡Ukµk¤k¢"¡*£L¤ ¥
ª3^^k3>h3±¨UU¡U{ ¦ >¡*^hvVL¤¡Uµ\k¬"Yhõ 6¯Uõ"÷©¤13vb¡Uj¢",Á3v±Ú¶dh²»dô ¸ ¥ <¤ ¸ ¦ V¤ ¤± >£h3>b>,¨^¡* 6¦ \PVç
¹ô ¦
¦ ±
í 'îí ï ë êë vF1Uï 4v dï ë ë µ4¶'d ·\¬8h¦ 33ª6^V¢
ª¤r¨µkhkbv¼6 h£h>\£Lh¤¡* k>¦ "h3/¨>³F¡*ªbV£ª¡*h¡*£ £h± L"U k§ª ¢>± Pµ\*¬
h§b¼6£h¢ 3©¦3¨UªhVb¡U¼6¡*6£h3L< kªVH¸ ¦£h¡* £h¤ L± k,3>¢""£hd3¢[vVh¡U¡33¬
>¨^·1¡*¼4v/3>¤1@vh ä¢"S¤1>3±\vhh3 §W¬&ð ¡Ú+¼f£h3¡*¼1£ª
£h3Uª3§Yv L¦ ¡*£/h¨,¾Á ¶d¦ »dµk¥ªrHrH·6U¼4§©H¹ h£h 6b¢"¾>£h\3L>¡*¥
,Ñàª*á1£h´vüyó<øõªú«£L¡*¦,h ¦ ¬@ªVh¤ThH k£hV ¡*hÉL/ÊkËÈ¡ÌHͪ¡[Î^Ï>ªËÑ>ÐJÒU¦ Ì"U§Ó4£h̪3ÎUͪ3ÏL¨UÔ\¡UÐWkÊ\>ÕrÎU¸ Ê4Ö¤ ×>Ø6¢"ÖVÕU3vÐWÊ\hÕ
§J*£<Ǿh 6UP£h,ü\Á ¶d± »dh¥ ©H¡^h¤1 k k>v£ °§J ¦ H£Ú£hb>ª<V¡*¡*£hfL¤ kH¤6£hvÚ ¦ H£h¢"V¡*3vhVh¤3¦ ¡Â± ª>a*§
¸ ¢"¦ 3¤ v± h>3¢" 3vhT± £
§JHU³F£{± U£ªh+ ka¡U,¹ +Á<¼6¶d£h¦ »d*¥ £
thr¡^¤6¡* 6fv¤¾Ú°f¦ ¤1>3£h¼433k{¤6¡U3kv¤Â+U¤6§vh 6¦ ¥
¢",Á3v¶dh»d¥,d<¸ ¦ ¦§J ¤ ± fb ¤"± ,>>³F£h* £ª ¹ ª>V·1¤3b3¼1« §J*££d h 6µ6¢"§Ñ¡*bª>ª'Uh f¡*h«/h, 6Á¤6¶dv»d ¦¥ ¥
¡hU kk¯¤Ú*h÷" kH3£hb¡U>;§J*3£h¦ ^@33>^hvª^£h µ ¦¦ ð hV¤aóHh {h¦ kT¦¼4vU ¦ ªV¤ää>£hV¡*h ±
ã,Á¦ ,¶dhb»d 6;¥ >{·\vdøòh¼6>£L£h¡Uúè¸H/3h>b,¨^ ¹ k©ªV 6¡¬1H£h [Hh ä3¼4¢ >¬6£ª§WUhª£h>3¢"¢ PV¢[¤
¦ ¡*ª33¤a¡Uf,²[¡Uµ4/v,UhÁ kV¶d¡*¡U"»dy¥å*°ù+§¯¡U >f¦£ª¤¬ £
3¡U^k6¤Âª £ ¦ >¢/hµ4UHä¹;£rô ¡*Uf§[¤¾¼f£L¡*¡*ªkh¡ ü\/38¤1vh k¦ ¡*¦ ¢"{>h\¡*hhµk§W¬Â¡U¦ ªVh¤y ka^° h> 6£ª[¬v b> ¦ ,± 6h
ª¬1V¡*h£h3L y¢ ¦ h¤6>£hª¢"¼6S¡3¬1 k[ 6¼f¡* ªh v¡ h±± V>¤y¡Uhk¡¤yhb¡U§S¬1b ± ©h¡U kªTª3° ª¦ª*>£h£ª¦/¬yh@h£h ä33Uh 6£L¤
h¬1 k3h£D3¢û¸ ¦ ¤ ¡U±k>¤¢"h3 kvPh± 3àá6´/ð ± 3vUh>¢"£ª§J¼k¡U3>+hY¡U¤6¼6>¼4ªV>¡*£h£h¼6h3^ª">*§4 6>h k£h[,£høò >ª£hõúè3 ¨U¡U
¹ £hL k ±
,
6
[
ª
V
*
¡
h
£
L
k
>
h
£
ª
V
¤
6
T
J
§
*
h
£
[
¢
U
¡
,
ª
L
£
¡
h
8
¬
J
§
U
/
£
ª
V
*
¡
±
¦
U¼4h^ 6ª>ª£µkh[ f¡*§J*£/h/V¡*ªH£ª 8¬"hh^/¼kÅk"f¤¡Uh ¾¢[£hV¡U¡*vª¬©^f£h>¡*bµk>¨^¡*\>Y³FU¤1£ªvV ¦ ¢">T\h,¢"¡U
¡*¬y,¼6S¡U¡*"3Vh¤ur§JUUt£h¢ h¢"b¡*@hª¼4¡¾3v° H¼4£ªH¬a£¡UhkU¤a¼k^h[¸ , k¤ ¦ h k¦ ¡U<£h3ª £L¡*hª¥
U¤1±§,£hUh¼k 6¼4"V°¤"¦ h>/£ª¬ ¡+¦ 3v¨h3¦b«fh 6 6/>£h§W¯£hV3° ¦ U¦ \3hk>¬{*§,£hª33>3¢"¨U¦ ¡UVv¤©± §W¸£ ¦ ¤ h± 3>ª¢"33¦ vð h
h¡U kµk¡U«f¼4¤1^^6vV ¤D¹ ¡U'k,* 6h k>ª£V¡*° £h¦ L> k£ªH¬¯£hdª¡*¼4«3§JvU£h¦ ¢ ò ¦ ± b¡* kh3 ¤+£h* £«h kòd¦ khU ¼k£h',¼4¡U>£
h¢"^3¼6vb+h3^rà¿¡V¨hH*£LL¡ ¡U± ¹h k§JUP£h¢ª3¦¡*£hb¡*L kh> £h± '¸° ¦ ¤ >£h33¤8¯òV¡*õ¦f¤/¹\¸ ¦ ô ¤ ¤6± v ± ¦ ¢"¤63vv h¦ ¥
¦ ¹
U§« 6bL Tõ "¹ >£h,¸ ¦ ¤ ± V¤£h33¨U¦ ¡Uv± V ¹
åé ì ,4vïå^ì ë
,¡Uk k¤ÚTõ àá6´8õ¾¡U¤6fv¤Ú ç¢" 38vh3Ub¸ 3H¤ hb3U¤yk[£h>3bU>\¨^L¡*¡*\ä£h3ªh¼4 ä3H¡Uhab¨^3\¬ÚhH£hõ ª3>¥
h^P[U>§'£hô ò d¸ ¤ ¤6vV¦ ¤© ¦ £h¢"333v¨Uh¡U3v¦ , ±[§Fhઠká1´+Uª¡*<f6¤"Udk*¹b"£hh3 6Y3¨Uv¡Uvh>£hbª[3Hçhb U ¹
kàªá1 ´6²U,ù[ 6¦ ,/>± £h¡ £h¸ 3¦ 3¤ ¢"± 3>¤@\£h>+b>3¨^^¡*¢"\<¼k¡*{£L¡*çdµk ©h¡Ukh¤r k©6U¡ Y£h£h>333¢"¨U¡U3vv ¹
£h3¢"¼43Uv£ªhh3¤/¸ µ4¤ >¿V¤@3± 3£h/3,3¨UÁ¡U¶dv¯»¸ ¦ >¤£h ± 3*ø¸ ò^ò>¤ úå«3,¤r k,r£h3h¢[ k
¡*bU6± h k H± £P¤13v^>¥¥
¦3>h^Dû¦ , k± rhUL¡*P ¦ ¢/µ4>£*¦ §©¤1¦ v ¦± ¢"3vh>·6¡U¢"k3¤ub
a
ISJ
Not Relevant=9164
1651
0Yg
704
5308
1677
sg
g(gg
)c
g(gg
Y
ja
1568
Y
g(gg
Y
9Y
3t
ia
t
655
Y
_
3152
>Y
9Y
Y
`
m
49514
m
m
t
9Y
a
9Y
>Y
9Y
Pure TREC-6
Not Relevant=53321
²æ ± ¦ £h©òUñdàá6´"¡*f¤ç "´ ¦ ¤ ± ± ð ± £h33¢"3vV
6
-A@T3¨U¡U ¦ ¡*hV¤ ¦ ª ± 3Ub3HhbU ' aÁ¯ã@áy¤1³FH£h3k3¢"V¡*¥
µ4¦ H£h¿3,¯>3h kT©¿¡Uµk"ª3U^ ¦ h3">h¤1^³F6H<£h3k 633/ b¾ª¡VV¨¤>£Lh¡©± 3©¨U¡U¼6 £h>¡3hªbUh 6P¨Uh¡U¡U ¦ ¢"3
ªµ4H*
h *§,¢[£h¡>ª£h63 ¨U¡U¤6'<£h3¡U k¦ ¤h33*[£ª£hÁ3ã@b¡*há8^¤1¦T³F¡UHf£h¤[3kª3+"¼6£h¦ ¨\ S¤1 3¦ 36¡*3V¤rf¤1µ\¬ ¥
3¡ ¡*hU¼6£Y£h*>§²3h± ª kbUT¤6¦ ¨U£h¡U3 >333U¢"¼f¡£L¡Uµk¿¬U§²bvh>£ª¥å3Ub>>h^@¡V¨>£ª¥
± , k %P>f¤k¡*j¦3*£ª£h3b¡*h^yø ôUô ú; ¦ ª3¤µv¬ dv*£h k33ø ô ò>ú
h
µk3¢"^¢"ª¼kª¡*^£h6h kha<>,³FÁ<3>¶h»d¨¥å3ùa63¡*ªf,¤u*§²,3Á<Ub¶3»dHh¥ bUk¡*f¤t£L¡*kü\k3 ± ¤1h kV¤
ª6£L¦ >¡*£hk[ª¼4§JUU£©ª3h^U¢"k¼k¡*£hªh^ 6D¾¼4àå>/£h¢ ©L¡@¡*h¢"UV¡* µ4¦ H£h¿,¹U>3§h k£L[¡*k ü\¦ ¢
µ4,¦ >k£+*U£ª¥§
¢£h[>S¡*¡hbº>^V@¤U¦ §HòU h f¡*,S¤13vhV¡UF¦ £L¡U6ü1 ± f¡V¨"¡ %P3k¤k¡U± F3*£ª¥
h¤1>U£h ¨V§F¤3h 3¦ ^£hª3 k >¹hL d^6bh©<6>^§WV¢";¡Uª¼fµ4¡µk £hY^'ªhVP࿤63¡*^hY6V¡^µ4ª¤ >£ ¹ k¦ ¿L>, k/¢[h kb¡*k£h¤6ü\b¤633¼43 ¡U>ff3¤6U>\b>h>¬ ¥
¦
& ì \UïÈì ë
àȼ4@Uªh3 kj/È,H·6¼43HU£hbb¢"3H>h\bUhk«h¤1 f>¡£h¨§W^V¤<§S£h^¹ ¢!,h k¦ª,
Á<§WU¶£»dµk¥ ¡Uª33^k3
>h¼ U¦ j£ª¥ ñ
h 6ð © ¡*>ó ¦ ¡* kd,L tÁ<¶dk»d>¥ ¤633^
h3 k>hU¡U k>¦ bªbV¡*¤@£ª¬r§J*¸ £+¤ ,Á3¢"¶d»d3v¥ h ¸ ¦ ¡U¤ f± ¤Ú ±¡
½¸ ȼ ¤ ¦ £h3Åk¢"¹ V3¤6vÀh²,>Á<^v¶ª»d£h¥ µ [¦ 3h^3¤
3µv>¬Phh^ k è¡Uçdk >b^bóY¡*£ª¦¬/ k>± L·1 8¼4>H£h·6¢"> ¦ 3¹ v¤6h3²Y¡*hf k¤
h 6¦ 6v;± ¸ ¦ ¤ µk± ¢"3¢"ª3ªv^ha²3^Uy\¦ª£h 6µ b¦ Lh V¤Ph kµv¬Pàªhá1 k´@ã >·1¦ ¼4>h£hSj¢">·\3«vh¢[+¡U£h 3¦ ¼4¡**\£ªh¡^V¤\¤ ¥
µ4¡*>bVh! 6>¦ ¬ä¡£hµf>£h¡Urª3k¤D*,3 kUYv¡*ª£hkb3µ bh¡*V£ª¤ä¬[>µ\·1¬Ú¼4h> k£hr¢"3Lv¡*hf¤k¡*¡£h£LY¤u>·1¼43v ¦^¤1 V¤
¢"¢[H¡*h\ kL\¡*¤ T¡*ff¤&¤6>h¼4 63Úf¤1ã 3k¦ 3Phb;µ4>H¦ ·\¿,¾>3¦ Tµkh¢" kPªª3U^k ª£ {>>h·13^@¦ ¤1ªV£L¤&¡*hhH± ¥
¦
± 3<µ4>b ± 3U¢"¼f¡*£h3¤h k¼k¡U¼4>£V
Y
]
9Y
l
oo9m
9Y
a
>Y
9Y
Y
9Y
a
Y
9Y
a
Y
>c
)g(c
gg(g
`(gg
Y
(`(gg
`
/cY(_
Y;cc
Y
fsg
Y
àç»á6U´ b>>àhá6´^ 1ò^ àá6´ ç 1ò^ àá6´ \\ çd àªá6´ 11 çd *ù \\ ð U ù
àçð á6 ´ ç 111 Uù 111 *ù \\òU *õ 11ò^ Uõ \\òU
²¡Uµ6b ô ñd¶'³F3H<*§4¸ ¦ ¤ ± ± ¨^¡£hb¡*h^6Yµ4H¿,>3Tàªá1´©¡Uk¤Tç ¹ ð çÚ>U£ª£h3b¡*hU
àªçd»á1^´ 3>àªhá1´^ 1ò^ àá6´ ç\òU àá6´ 11 ^çõ* ù àªá111´ *çdù ù 11 ð ô 1\òò
1ò^ \^ò õ 11 Uõ
àªçdð á1 ´ çd 111 *\ù1ò3ùò \\\ ^1õò>ù\ò 11ò^
1
ò^
ô
²¡Uµ6bõ\ñd¶'³F3H<*§f¸ ¦ ¤ ± b ± ¨^¡£hb¡*h^6Yµ4H¿,>3Tàªá1´©¡Uk¤Tç ¹ %P>f¤k¡*D>U£ª£h3b¡*hU
h>^¨k>ª¬v,£ ¦ yæ²>h §J± ¡U ¦ >± £hh©*à£há6òPT´©ª¡U 6¡*>f3Ĥ çdh\ k [>/ª§W¯U£ª>>h£hh k©<ròV¡UõY¤6¡ ³FUù[>£h3¡*>kfk¤3@¤6bµ4¡ ô>± ù^È£L,ù©¡U3¢T£h>3t ª¼4h3 kH ¥ h¡Uf+¢"¤6h> 6^¼4¯3f¤13¤1v³F3hHv£h£hh33k¬y¬©3¤6Yµv>¬<µ4£h>¸ ¨È¦ ,V¤ ¤a3± 33U± b¤6¤63³FH³Fh>b£h>U>£hk\>k3¢"V3¡U Vä¹ ¡U¡U µ4fT¤©£h3¡*,d3U33 ^¦ ¢"hv 6¼kh<V¡*¤Ú£Lh¡*¡U¢"µ6§WU£
¦
àá6>´a£hr¡Uk¸ ¤u¤ çV ¤ a¡*>^f¤ 3>¤6h¦³F^6>£h3>ña\[¡y¸ ¤6¤ ³F>3£h¢"3v3vhªr>,U>§+£hÚ¤1v¢[ ¦ ¡^¢"¤1y3v^h 3^3>hUj
§Jª¡UU>¢"h*£h U¦ §
,±h" k8H¹ £hhV¡U¡*¢"hV¤{¤1¿,v ¦ ¡^¢"¤6>¤6\hh3¦ ^âf± ¡*;dä>^ª33¼f>¡h£L^¡*h6¾3ñ/h 6àá63ª´ ¾*çdÈ, ì ì ì ë +ìì ï ë ¡<*fતÄá1&çd¡* ¹ ªª3*ªàªá6U´6£hYધWá1U´£¯Uhç 6¤6v¦ ª3¢"T3hv kh[¸bT¦ ¤ h± 63¢"àª3á6v´"h¼4v¢[Uè¡U¤6{á\b¢©µ\¬ ¥ à¿+3^vª£L¡*²h<h 6d¼4vUb ± ¢">h k\¤P*§4,Á<¶» ¹ kL H·k¡*¢©¥
¢[b¡*¡U£h¤6¬ ©¹ ç àá6´àªá6§WU´{£h
k3[Uk¤1vª £ ¦ ¢">¦ h>V\¤hµv¬b{¦ hª k"± ¼4hv 6Ud3¸ ¦Uk¤ ± ª3£ ¢">3hvVh¤ k 3± H¤6·kv¡*¢"¦ ¢"k33vh¤1Yvr¦ ¢"¡£h3µkvhªd£L¡*b£ª¬@U*£L£L¤1¤6>>££ U¹ §²ãh 6*3¨^>£¥È;3Uh¥Èæ6¢[£hU¡*\hV¤[ç²vü^>¥¥
§W*U§£
¤1çv 1¢"[3,vh k ¡*µ ¹ àá6ª´T
¡*¤6f¦ ³F¤r>£hàª3á1v´ Uç¸ ¤ ¸ ¦ ¤ ± ¡*/Ph¤6 k
çh¡U ¢"¦ ©¡*ªf>¤ ¡Ubª 6 v¦ \¢"¤V*¤[§jh£h+>bµ4>¨^¡**k£L3¤6^>;£hÇÃ3¤hµv k¬"ü¡3¦ kµkv¢"\¤ªªU§;^£h >¹ b>¤6¨^v¡* k¦ 3¢"^ö63v¡*h¢"d^¡ £h±
çh¡* ¢"Yસ ¦á1´6¤ @¹ ^h 6{¦ /¤6U¦³Fh 6>>£h>£P\ k<¡Uªf>¤ h¯¹ àª*á1§,´¦ ¤1¡Uv± k ¤r¢"±1çd¹ > \h *àªá1¡UP´ ¤1¦ ª+çdh k h ¦ kµ6¢"¸ ¦ b¤ªª± 3U¢"k 3¹ vhü£h33f k¤1v>\£h¤!V¤UU§+£h3¤1v3¨U ¦¡U6¢"3>8\hT>>·6h¡Ub¢"¢[¡khVV¤"¤ ª/¦ ª§J¡* £V±
¡*f¤²à¡*á6µk¦´ * çd± \± ¨>
h k3*£ª£h3b¡*h^ä¡U¢"U¦ ¢"¹ ¢[¡£ª¬¡V¨>£ª¥ ð¤6v ¦¦ ¢"µk¢"3vªª^¾¡*ªh k¦ ¡*¢"V f¤[¡*h/¢"µ4UP£h/¢"£h*3£h>¯3vbhü^3¬{¬¬1h3/b¤6¬1V¤83b¤¡¡*£hk3*3h¨U k¡U>v£ ¹
¡h± U
k ¼6£hè3¡U3©ªôT^38± Y¨^¡U¡* ¦ ð3< µ4r>¿§WU£[333{U¢"¡U¼f«¡*¼f£h¡*ªU£h¯4óHU±ä§hæ6¦ k£h^¢ §J ¦ h£P k3©U¢[b>¡*>¥¥ ¢"¡Uk3¤Tvhb<¡*>£h·6¡U¢"¸ ¦ ¤ k± 33¤¤Åk§W£h£hUV¢ , ¦ 6µk¢"k>ª<ª>^³F63Y><h k¡*<<h k¡*£h¡*<^¢"µ6Uª£h>£h¨¤6Vv¤ ¦h ¥
ª¡*£h¢"·y^ hV 6¡*"ä£h33Uk3h
¦ ¤6§S£h^¢ h k¡*¡U©h§J 6 >£h£"¼4"vU¡{3ª£h,^ 6±33**£ª£ª£h£h33bb¡*¡*hh^^ ¼4Uh> 6£ª§J>*£h£h3¢ 3 ¹ kY§W>,>£,¤6v ¦ ¢"3vh'¡*£h'¸ ¦ ¤ ± 3¤/§W£h^¢ h 6
µh4HU¿k, >± 3\t àá68´¾¡U¡*f¦f¤ ¤ä1çd {^ó/b v>\ £©¦\§WÄU£",à ká6´r¨\ª3£h^ çd± 3*àª3á1U´¾£ª£h¡*>Sf¡¤ ¥ h f¡, 6h 6r8¼4¤1vv^ ¦ ¢"± >¢"\h>[h k\!¤äV¡UbL ø ¦ ¦hµ6Åf¢"V¤uªªµvbU¬Ú!h k¡*r£hr¡U£Lª¡U ¦ 6¢"üV¼6¤uh^µv¬
ç¡*f ¤TrU¨1r3²¤6ળFá6>´ £hU3çv<ª>h <*3§dU¤6bv>>h¦ ¢"^k3
vh3h, y khP 6,3h¡U¡*ü¢">£¸3¦ U¤£ª£h± >S ¡± ¥ h:
k 3;-^£+óY¼6h£h 6U
µf¼1¡*µk£h^µfÈ¡*¬µk*§¿¬@£h3h3 f¨^¡¡*¯kh3 kU
T¤6,v k ¡*¦
¢"b3 v¹ §h r¤6£L3¡U66Uü h"-[µvb¬
h¨\3UFkç \àªá1´ ¡* f¤ 31U b>>^hó^vk>¯ ¦¦ £¯h§W rU£P¤1à³Fá6H´£h3¨1v3df¸àªá6¤´ Uç3¢" 3v¹ hçdY ^ ¤6¦ 3µ6H£h¢"V¡Ubªªª U± § Y¦ kdHh£hb3Uj3¨U«¡Uàåv' §J¹ ^: Vb¡U§Wª£hU¦ ¢ ¢"hV 6¤
dh¡*ªµ4 Y¦ ¢"¡¯¼1¢"h^bUk/*hh^ f6¡
h 6¨83Th¡*¢"8L¡*ªµkHTUõ/§/ª¤6£hvU ¦ ¢"¬3vª kh3V!h, k k¯ h¡*%P¢"3fP¤6>¡U³F¦ 3¯>3V± * £ª£h3b¡*£h3^^61¥ h§ kÆ@h¤1^v¼1 ¥è¦ £L¡U¢"k>ü^\Vh¤/YÆ©¡£h¤1+vh [¦ ¢"µ4>\¸ h¦ '¤ V± ¡*3"¤µ4§W£h^>¢â·1¼4 3¦ >µ6h¢"V¤/bªhª¯U¬1 3b¤
h fh 6¡
±> ¦ ª^h k¡*dh k<¤6³F± >£h363>³F3>h¨363ª,µ4>È, 3¦ >àá6´ ¢"^[£h33¨U¡Uv¤6v ¦ ¢"3vh[¡Uk¤t k>k3Th 6T¢"^>³F3Hhb¨^
¡*¤1f³F¤T>£hç3k>©<<dªh¢[ 6Y¡*¤6;¡*³Ff>¤£h3h6 k3¡*<Ph k¸ ¤ ¤1^b¢" f£L¡¡*hh k H± £§Jh¡U f>¡*h*©£h kYh¤6 6b§S¥ 3¢"^>h3 k>\h¤[Uj§J*£ÇÆ[§W£h3U¨U¢¡U ¦ ò¯¡*hhV¤ò h1 6>³F3>h¨363ªYU§«h kP¼4vUb ±
§¸W>£h¤ 36V3¤Úµ\y¬¾hh k kªh>¡*"¢"*T§d¡*¸ ¦ªª¤ 3± ªVª¤aU£h¤6¦ v¡U ±"¦ ¢"ç± 3vh3,T ¡^¤àá6>´r"µ4h3 f3¡* ¸ ¦ ¤ ±,> 6²&Ư¤1¼4vv U¦ b¢" ± 3vh¢"4>§Wh£h 6U¢&\¤ 3¹ ¡UL¡U Pu ¦¢"µk¢"¼k3ª¢"ª>^\Dh«3,¤ 6§Jb*;£!¡U¼6,¼6Á<£h¶¡*»H ¹
¢¡*¦ f¦ ¤ L± D3Uª§fü[h 6øò3,ù^¤6úk¡*³F£ >£h>,k3h f¡' ¢ ¦ S¤+H +¨^¡*bk¡*£ ª jH;£,࿤1
¹³F¡UHv£h¬3k33¨¦ >>±^\± /¹ á6¡ ¡*£hh>^> ¥ ¢[§6¡*·1,¢"¡Uª º3¦ 3¢"dh 6h< k¡* ¦ ¢/: µ4;>-^£óDU²§Db£h¤6333v¨Uh¡UVv¡*¤1§JUv£² 3¦ ¨¢">£ª>¬ \h'b§JP ¦h 6k¤[¼4Uvk^Ѭ
¢§W"3>>h\
¨36{3ª¸ 3¦ ¤ ± 3©vU± ¼1£h¦ £h 6\3¤ 3¦3ø ò36ú¦rf ¤1¦ 3µk¼43L± ¡*fv¤1h3Sv¡*h¬¤6³F3U>¢"£h3¼f6¡*3£h3¤±a >§S£¥ ,¦ kµ6¢"¡Ubªªª ¦ U¢"k¼6h k¡V^¨
bµ4kHª*h«>£h£V¼4¡UH£ª§JhUY£h¢[¡U'¡*kd3'h^ fµ\¡*¨\r U¦ h' khH k£h3¡*P'ª,U f¢"¡
àhá6 6´r©,3^Á<¶3>»dh¥åUùä3^3h> hð ^¾ rô ¢[¡U¡^k¤6¤Ú+¡*ªh¾ 3¤6U¢"³F>¼f£h¡*>\£h3¤a¸ ¨U¤ ¡*£hb3¡*¢"\h>
\h¦ U § f ¡V¹ ¨¤1@v¤1¦ ³F¢">>£h3\vh[¡*¼6<£hUhµf k¡U/µ6h¡*b¢"h3+£L¡*Uk§¯üT£h>b8>¨^¤6¡*k³F3>^£h!3vàå§ :
¦ µk ;¢"-ó
ªª^>6£h
>H³F^k3>>h ¦ ¨¤636 3± ªh kb¡*3hh k k>>£h£YTV¡*,ª¡U^ k ¦ µkL¡Uvh¨r¤1¦³FH± £h3k3r ¹ ü\U§4k£hV33¨U¡UH·kv¡*>¤6hv¬ ¹ ¦ h¢" k3vhª²£L¡,h ¦± ¬[b¤©hµ4,Åfhk,¤[¸ ¦ h 6¤ ± ¢[3¡*¨^·1>£ª¢[¬
¡U¤6kv ¦¦ ¢/¢"µ43v>£
§Wh£h 6U£h¢
£ ^¦ b¤;8P ,¦ H 6 Ãb<h, k ¡* b¤{: >;·6-^¡*ó ¢"b6
Ä¢"§WU*£@£h/ªU¤1¢"v 8¢"¼1£h>^\µfh¡*µk§W£hU¿¢ ¬
;
k
¼
b
U
¡
3
Y
h
k
<
[
¢
¡
6
6
¤
Y
U
j
§
h
k
<
6
¤
F
³
>
h
£
3
6
3
4
µ
H
¿
,
>
3
à
6
á
´
±
¦
3
ª
6
¦
¦
h¡*,PfÁ<¤[h¶d 6ç»d ¥38U+£ª3£h"3^b3¡3Uh>b\UhhkH^·1 µ4¹ >hÈ 6¨,333äª>Y[b3ÚU¤6£ªL³F£h¡U3>µ6b£h¡b38hvbUò^kâ",V¢[,¡U 6 ¡3¦ 3¬/ª£hT3µ4<3^*3"U£ª£h¢"h3 kb¼f¡*,¡h§£h¦^V¤ 3¦ ¦µ6b¢"¤bªµ ª¦ Ubbk¤¯¡
¼6h£h ¾*£hµ4È>¬TªhH° £P¦ ¼4¦ ><£ª§J3*^£h6¢[ª¡Ub6h3 ^± Uð §'h¡*>b£h;f¤6¡vh b¨^¦ 3¢"¬ 3¹ vh ¹
¨Uàá6¡U´{ ¦ 3¡U¯k¤y¡£h
çd 3U¢"¼f¡*f¡£L¤y¡Uµkµ4± >¿h©33hy kh k3>*£ª£/£h3¨^b¡*¡h£hb^¡U8vh3¨^¡* ¦ ,3 6Yµ4¢[>¿¡ 363 ¥ 3¡Uk ¤
: £h3 ¼4;-^VóH¡hVá ¤6¦ ¬©H ¾ª>¡b>¼6>,£h¡**f£h¤È¬8¸ ¦ ° ¤ ¦ ± ,¦ h/ kb+¤1¡*v¼k ¼6¦ £h¢"V·13v¢['¡*hVh¤ ©¦ kª ± 6± ¥
¦ ¤6U§'h 6/¤1¹ ³FH£h3k3r>³F3>h¨>k3ª<µ4>¿33Th k>ª+± È, h k+Ù{Û ÒUÌ>Ü Û ÜJÝFÍ Û Ê6Ë k ¦ £hhb åãTæ'óH
Y
gg(g(g
g
Y
`_;c`
g
`_;sg
g
`(_ (`
g(gg(g
g
`_(YY
g
`_;s
g
`(_;cg
gg(gg
g
``;s
g
`(`(`Y
gg(g(g
g
`(`;sc
g
``(`(g
Y
g
`_;c`
g
`(_Y(Y
g
`_;sg
g
`(_(s
g
``;s
g
`_ ;`
g
`(_(cg
g
``(`Y
Y
Y
g
Y
Y
Y
`(``(g
g
``;s(c
g(g(gg
Y
Y
g(gg(g(g
Y
Y
_`;s (`
g
_(` Cc
g
_(`
g(g(gg(g
g
`g ;sc
g
`(gg(`(s
g
_(`Y;s
gg(g(gg
g
`(Y )gY
g
`(_Y(Y(`
g(gg `
g
g
_(`(s ;`
g
`(g (s(c
g
_(`(c
g
`(g
g
_(`
g
_(`(Y(s
g
Y
g
`;s`(Y;c
Y
Y
`;s`Y;c
g
Y
Y
g
;g
g
`Y(g(_(s
g
`_(Y(Y`
g
`;cc(c_
g
`;cc (`
g(gg(g(g
Y
Y
g(Y
hcs
K]
Y
m
Y
Y
o
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
ha
Y
Y
jag
``(`
Y
g
g
`(_(Y
``;s
Y
Y
ag
`_;s
vg
a
`_;s
Y
Y
Y
Y
)gg
Y
a
u
]
Y
a
a
Y
>Y
Y
a
fa
Number of Documents Judged Relevant with AT6 Judgements
Number of Documents Judged Relevant with ISJ Judgements
4500
4000
4000
3500
3500
3000
Relevant Documents
Relevant Documents
3000
2500
2000
2500
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
Pooling method
Random
Local MTF
Global MTF
ISJ/AT6 (RR by topic)
500
0
0
10000
20000
30000
Documents Read
40000
50000
Pooling method
Random
Local MTF
Global MTF
ISJ (RR by topic)
500
4µæ²> ± k¦ L£h k ¢[¡*ô £hñ ü ÁY33¨U¡UvÚ¤6v ¦ ¢"3vh¾§J ¦ k¤ ¦ ª ± h k ð
60000
Y
0
0
10000
30000
Documents Read
40000
50000
60000
[¢æ² ¡*± £h¦ ü £h \ñ;Á<33¨U¡Uv;¤6v ¦ ¢"3vhj§W ¦ k¤ ¦ ª ± h kàªá1´Yµ436H 1¥
c
Correlation Between Incremental Collections and AT6, Overall AP
Correlation Between Incremental Collections and ISJ, Overall AP
1
1
0.998
0.998
0.996
0.996
0.994
0.994
0.992
Correlation
Correlation
20000
0.99
0.988
0.992
0.99
0.988
0.986
Pooling method
Random
Local MTF
Global MTF
ISJ/AT6 (RR by topic)
0.984
0.986
0.982
0
10000
20000
30000
Documents Read
40000
50000
Pooling method
Random
Local MTF
Global MTF
ISJ (RR by topic)
0.984
0.982
60000
[¢æ² ¡± £h¦ ü £h©õ\ñYà¿kH£h3¢"3vL¡U²>U£ª£h3b¡*hU ¦ ª b ± h 6 ð "µ43kL 6¥ ¢[²æ ¡*± h£ ¦ ü £h 1ñ"àÈk>£h>¢"3vL¡U>U£ª£h3b¡*hU ¦ ª b ± h kàªá6´@µ436H 1¥
0
Y
10000
20000
30000
Documents Read
40000
50000
60000
Y
RMS Difference Between Incremental Collections and AT6, Overall AP
0.06
RMS Difference Between Incremental Collections and ISJ, Overall AP
Pooling method
Random
Local MTF
Global MTF
ISJ/AT6 (RR by topic)
0.05
0.06
Pooling method
Random
Local MTF
Global MTF
ISJ (RR by topic)
Root Mean Square of the Difference
Root Mean Square of the Difference
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0
0
10000
20000
30000
Documents Read
40000
50000
60000
¢[²æ ¡± £h¦ ü £hù6ñ"Áã@ᾤ6³F>£h>k3[ ð ç ¦ ª ± h k ð Tµ43kL 6¥ ²æ ± ¦ £h vñ²Áã@á+¤1³F>£h3k>, ð ç ¦ ª ± h kàªá6´<µ43kL k¢[¡£hü
0
0
Y
2s
10000
20000
30000
Documents Read
40000
50000
60000
Kendall Correlation Between Incremental Collections and ISJ, Overall AP
1
0.98
0.98
0.96
0.96
0.94
0.94
0.92
0.92
Correlation
Correlation
Kendall Correlation Between Incremental Collections and AT6, Overall AP
1
0.9
0.88
0.88
0.86
0.86
0.84
Pooling method
Random
Local MTF
Global MTF
ISJ/AT6 (RR by topic)
0.82
0.84
Pooling method
Random
Local MTF
Global MTF
ISJ (RR by topic)
0.82
0.8
0.8
0
10000
20000
30000
Documents Read
40000
50000
60000
æ² ± ¦ £h 1ñ %P3k¤k¡UF3*£ª£h3b¡*h^ ¦ ª ± h k ð /µ436H 6¢[¡*£hü
¸ ¼1¦ £h¤ U±£hVk¤h¤6º3b>V£'¤ UãT£L¡*¤1f>æ ¤T£¹ *hh§; k 6£L¡Uh¤66^vü4¼1 ¥å¦ £L,¢"¡* kk3¯üv3h ¤@j¦ µk§S¤6£h¢"^v¢ ªª¢"V^¡*3kHv dYh §S k¦ £h3µk^¢"¢"¢ ª3ªhª k¨+^>
, ¡*¡*µ6£h£h ¥
¢£h">b>ªª¨^¡*^\y ÑU¹ h£ y f¡*h k"µ43h3^¼a¼6¼1£h£h3b¨\*£h ¿¬ª¬PY¸ ¸ ¦ ¤ ¤ ¦ ± VV¤"¤F£h¾3àå3§¨U¡U©v<µ4¸ 3¦ 3¤ ¡ ±¦ Vª¤
h' 6¡*
¼k¢[¼4V¡¡·1£hbV¢ ¤b¢T+ª^¢"h kUH£ªh 6>bª£« ¦ µk¦h¯¢"¼1ª£hª¦U^£h4± ¿óF¬@h²¼6£h£h3¤ U£h>ÈV¬¤DbP;ªãT>²¦hæ
¡h* 6¼k¼1£h¡Uª·1 ¢[¢"¡*¼6h¦ h>^¡+¼1h k£h^¡*µk¡Uhµk k¿¤1¬\¹ ¥å³FU>£L£h¤13>k£h>VP¤[b¼6£h£LU¡U£hkü¿¬µ4° >¦ ¦ È, ¦ 33¦ k3^¤61>£¥
ªk>¤6¦ Vh¡*¨h*¦P£,£h*3§43h¨U k¡U,v£h3¤63v¼1 £h¦ v¢"V¡U3fv*h§4hbT kh 6¼6£hU µf¦ ¡*µkµk¢"Ȫ¬/ª^*§4£hb33¡ ¨U¡U± kv>\^¤
Ùh 6+DÇÝd° ¹ 3>U·6k¡Uªª¢"b3¤6H3k£hHh<¿¡*,h k<8 ¦¨^6¡µk>£h¢"·\b¡U¯vª¤1ªhv"^ kU"§+¢"§WãT3Uv£æ¡Uh",µ4h^ k¼k¸ 3Åk"¤ £hh3 ¤ ¹Y± >Õ hߪ 6Û > ΣVñß
h¤1 6v, ãT¢"¦ >æ¦ \; k f ¡*¦ ²£hbµ4h33 +¹ f¤1µ63¢"¼43ªkh¤63¤+3v¡*¦D²U£h§13h k3¨U«¡Uhv^V¼6«d,§J 6*¦ b£;'± ¡*¼k 6¼1bL£h¦ P¡Uh kL ±
33¡Ud/h¦ µ4 f¡U©>·1§WU¼4£3> kh¡*V£L¤P¤©hUdk¸ 3¦ ¦ 3¤ ± ,, 6¢"<Uª£h3>¤6^vf¤ ¦ ¢"ßÛ 3vhß6;Ù §J*£+½¿V3¡*U¬6kÀ<ªbh¤6^H¼6£h ¥
h¢ 6¢h¡*¢"U§Fh 6¦ Y¢
µ4¢/>£µ4*>§²£«¤1*v§j ¤6¦ v¢" >¢"\h3v§Jh*F£¹¸ V¡U¤ LÏh Î V¤©hUµv¼kD¬+ Ýdh¹ k¹ h
¼4¡
v¢[^¡* ·\¥
¢£h">3H¦ h3 k¨\3¤"<§J¡/U£Y3UÆ ¢"¦ ¼f¡*ò £L¡*\µk ¯DvV¡U¢
;¦µ4ãT>£*æy§f¸3k¦¤ ¦ £h>± 3¢",3hv fh¡3 V¡*H h^¼k±
¦
¦ ±
Èé ì FïÈUì ë
æ6¤1^U£<¢"3À ^¢"¡*¼kf¡*¤£hàªá6^´6 '¹ æ6,U£/3£L¨U¡*¡Uf ¦ ¤1¡*^h¢ V¤,È,"ª3Uh3 6>>h£Y3¤Ú¢"¤1>hv k \¤1¢"3>ñ/\½åh£L¡U1h ¥
µ4*§,²V¸ ¦¡*H¤ ¹ {± V ¤
µ6¡*'¢"£L¡Uªªkb¤6U^ ¢&¡U§Wk£h^¤{¢ >¨^h¡* 6 ¹ ¡*ò hV¤Th^h 6¼1/¥å£L¡*>³Fkü3H3h¤
b¨^¤1¦ 3vk 3¦ ª¢"¯¡U3vh¡
§ ¦ ª6¯>hh k^©¤1*¦ v§f h k¢",3 v¦ h¢/;¹ ¸ µ4>¤ £;UV§D¤¤6vT ¦ ¦ H¢"£hV3¡*vhh k¸ ¦ h¤ 6± ¯VતDá1«´©æk3U^£'à3á6>´ h¹ U,
¦µ ¦ ¦ ª ± h¦ kh¡U¢"¦ ¸ ¦ ± ¤ ± 3¢">\h/¡U©h± 6£h3¢[¡*k ± £ ¦ 63¹
h3j 6° T>¦ ¬[§J¡UU',£h¢ >¦ £h¯¢
¡T§Wµ43>U£bf*3¤H§hµv¤1b¬Uv દá1¦ ¢"´6ª 3 v± hÆ §WU£¸ ¦ V¤ ¡*± H3 r¢"h>^\¼6h ¹ ¹ ,{[hª k3/3>*©£L¤6¡U> £
¦ h¨3k>ªY*§'V¡UL @ª£L¡*h ± ¬,¡UY3¨U¡U ¦ ¡hV¤T¡U<¡
,
k
>
F
³
>
>
§£h¦ >b6>>¨^h¡*^kÚ3U¸ §Yh¤ k>¢" 3¦ v¢/h
µ4>*£+§Y*h§¯ 6[¤1vµ4 3¦ k¢"L k3¢[vh¡£h¸ü8¦ ¤3U± 3b¤>>h¦ ª^j ± ækh kU£
3 ¡UL¢/ µ4>ª££L¡*Uh§
¦± ¤1¬ v¹ ± 3^¢"33>vhhUk¡U,h> k£hr¯µ ¼4¦ v^ µv¬P¸ ¢"¦ ¤>h± 6 \± ¤th§J kU<£hV¡U¡U¢"L
Æhu8¦ §S£h3^^¢¢"¼ òrhh! ò ¢"¦ 1¢[ ¡£ª,¬y kr¡V¨£h>3£L ¡ ¦ Th¼1±£h333Uª± b^>ä>h§W^Uk£[TV¡*H> Ú£h U§<¦ hª kV¤
ô£h¨3,¤@Á§S£h¶d^»d¦¢¥ àá6 ´6¦ ¦ Dµ6,¢" 6bª3ªª/Uk¨U ¡U¹ ¦ >3·1± 3,¦ H¤1£h/ ± 3U ¢"¦ ¼f£¡* £h¦ 3¤@µ6¢"h[bªªh kU+Ã3¤6*>£ª¥¥
£hh>Uªj¼4^f´ ¤1¤ ± 3¢"¨^¡*3 v¦ h3©§J3UU£¢"¡U¼ ²¦ >h^V¤ 3>¦ hª^ 6± ¡r,>µ4£h3PkLL¡* kü¢[3¡£h§Sü¾£h^3¢ Ubh> k> ¥
µ4¤13>3k¢"L kV¢[¤¦ ¡*k£h±*ü4ö\£h¤13v3¦¨^¡*¢"v>V\ h ¦ *¸ ¦ ¤ ± 3¤©b"h 6<µ436H 6¢[¡*£hü,>£h
5_
Y
a
e
g(g 0u
)gg
)gg
s
0.9
9Y
0
10000
20000
30000
Documents Read
40000
50000
60000
æ² ± ¦ £h 1ñ %P3k¤k¡UD3U£ª£h>S¡h^ ¦ ª ± h kPàá6´/µ436H 6¢[¡*£hü
¡U£¸ Ǿ¦ bk¤ d¤6± L33 k¢"¼4U>>ªfd\¤6hÈ>j,\£hYd3fµ4¸ ¤13¤k>£hLV k>¤P¢"¢[§J3U¡v£h£hü<,33 Á<Uð¶db> »d>h¥ ^¹ Pk¡*3µkfñ b¤¡*ð ªàª Vá6¤{´ ¹¹ h>>V^^vv¡LL£L¡U¡U¤{kkh 6±±
¼4¤6¦vv^¢" ± 3v¢"h¯>hh k f\¡¤ P¹ ,¡U¦ ><£h¼4P± v¸ ^¤ ± V¤8¬63¾b¤1hV 6¤"h3 k^+3¨^>¡*h^D¢[T¡V¸,* 6£h"¿¬@àªá1*´ §
h3"^>3¦ £h>Vh¡hU
© ªµ ¢"Yb¡*<£h¬+f¤1µk3b¦ ¡U¼4ª33± k¤+¤6h3VvY¡U£L§«¤+hh 6 k+dàª6á1>´<£h3¢"ª£L3¡*vhL ¡U± D¬ ¼4¦ vª^V¤ ¥
ð ± /ª¡U£Lf¡*h¤ ±àªá13¹ ´/µ4¦ T3¨^ ¡± £h> ^¢"¼f,¡¡V£h¬1V¤Dhj©Ç>£h33¡*Uhkª¡/b¤6¼4>£hv3U¤[D>^¢/h Tµ6¢"k* £h±
¸,¦ ¤ ± £h>¿¸¢"3H3hvVh¤aYhh k 6¡*3Yª,3 ^¦ ¢
¦b¤@µkhf 6¡>h£hb>U§WkU£h"+¡*µ4©
µ4336UHª 6>£¢[h¡*[£hü\b¤6Vµ4¡*3ÑV¡ ¦ ª
hµk kb¡U>3¬" >£h¯hv©ª¢"b¡*£Y>³F3Hh ð +h h\h>f¤k¦¡*v
h k¢"²3沸 v¦ h± ¤ F¦ ± ¸£h3 ¤ ± ôv3¹ª¤ £Lõ ¡¹ h§Jù/*±£¡*3Vfd¡*¤ H¡U dUª¡< k§D§ Vh¦ à kkY>hh¢" kUY>©ª>£h³FU3§f3>hh 6¨ª> k ¦ 3¢/ª,ð µ4* H§;£²3U¡U¡U§DL¤1 hv 6*> ¥§
¦µ43kL k¢[¡¦ £hü4±¹ ^µk¡UjãTæ¾Åfk¤6¢"*£h<£h3¹ ¦3¨U¡Uv± ,¤6v ¦ ¢"3vh
¢">÷"U3£h©3vHd÷"h3 f3¡Uv"h¼4¬8vUh kb¡U ¾vªVb ¡*ãT¡PÅ6·1æ V¹ ¤© k¢/H ¾µ4Hb£'U¾§;¤6 v¦ £h8¢"¢"3*v£hh
¼4¡
>¢"£> ª¦ £hµ6 ¢"hª 6ª¯bU¡^j¤1¨^¡*vªL± ¡ ± ¦ 3U*§ £ª± £h3bbU¡*µfh¡*^j¨*>¦££,Á¯bvã@3¡Uár«ãT¤6³F>æ£h>¦ k3 /¡Uµ1¥
§J3LH¡Uhvbh¨^b¡Uh¬t k¹ ¡U£hTV¤ ¼4¦ v3U3b¤ ¹ µ ¦ ± ð [<µ4¼1U£hh± V ä6¡>h£hV@¤ ¢"hU 6£hP@£L>¡U÷©f¤13^3¢ vª¡*£Lf¡¤th¦ H§W¬ ¥
£h¼4V^¡ULv k,>¢ ¯h kL ©/h3¡*ª¢",>
÷">± f>b¤r>\¼4h^¬vv',¡U 6¯<¼4Ávã@U¹ á"b ¤6±6¹ ³Fµ >¦£h3<6£h3VY¡UL k>£h¨¯h k§W± U£
hh k kP"£L ¡Uk¤6¦ U36¢â3"ªU£L§¡hh 6± "¬r¢[¤1¡ ¼kY6µ4 3¤6Â"*h§ kh kUh 6¡V>¨£¯>£L ¡ ¦ £h[¨3¼6<¦ £h3¤ >¦ bªUh
¨¸ ^¡*¤ ¦ 33 ¤D¹ ¦ ð 6"H Ä¡*µ4 k> £hV¡*ª¾±h¤1 Ħ v h 6¢"8> \¦ h¢/Yµ4¸ >¤ £U3§©¤ ± ¤6hv k ¦ ¢"¢"3Vv¡Uh
¨£h^¦ 3¡* ¦ ± ©h£h V¡*H 6t3/¡*ä¡*f¦ ¤{kHS£h¡Vh¡U>¹ ª£
T>·1Ú33Á¯Vã@¤1¦ áah k¤6¡*³F+>U£h§>¦ kh3 6± ©µ4µ4¹ >3¬v6^Hk 6¤¢[¡*h k£hü ¹
¼4^¦ vàá6V´Ú± ¡UL k3¨> v\¤!>³F3>h¨>k3ªT¨^>£ª¬u>÷©33vh¬ µ
Uhh^ 6¼6>¾£¯¢"µ4>>§WhU 6£h\u¤6Y¡*Hµ4 63±V3¡¨\b ª±+h< kÅfak¤6¨Y>^£Lk¡U"¬r>¡*³Fµ4> >h<¨È3,kU>ª¥èh¾ 6U£L¹§[¤1h 6¦ * §
h, k k©¤6Ávã@ ¦ á8¢"¤13v³Fh>£h¸ 3¦ k¤ >± ©¦ V¤¾£h¡V3¨3>¨U£L¡¡Uv"
¼1a£h3h3 6ª ^𠾦 £hT3b¡µ4h3b6¨^H/ 6h¢[¡*h£h 6ü4
µ4¢"3>khL k k\¢[¤1¡£h¥ü/3ªPªh ± f v¡*h ¬[1ª 1¢[òU¡U/Ç>£,/± h k¡*¡U£h©¡UVL¡U k¤r3h¨^V¤"3^µ\6¬
3h k¤1Y
Uhh f 6¡>£
h¢[ k¡*P£h¡Vür¨3HU£L¡¢"± ¼fP¡*¼1£h£h"33ª3^T¨U¡U¢[ ¦ ¡ 3kµ4 >¿¤1"33¨>à£
á6´©¡Uk¡*¤f¤[¡Uµ4h k¦¨¯[µ4µ4363H 1¥
,3jæ²3 U£ª£h£h33b ¡hV¤D ¡Uk¤ ± b¨^[¦ h 6©h¡U¢""¢"Hª£hb>£h>S¡h¨±
hª"¢"àªbá1b¡´"± £ ¦ ¡Uhh k ¹ hµ4 k3¯¹ k£hL> kS¢[¡h¡¨£hü4P¼4± ,>£ª 6§JP*£h£h¢[3 ¡U¦ 63hP§J§JUU££<¡U¡*b²;¢"¡U¼6H¼6ª£h£hb>¡*<H 6¡£h3
¦>·66¡ H±U k± ¡U> £L¹ ± ¡Vh¤äV¤@§WUµ4£@3V¡*¡ ¦¯ª¢"
>Yª£h3¡*3 ¦ ,ª3 6¤{h¼4[H¤6£ª§J>Uh£h>¢[£h¢"¡*k63¯rh* k§
à¤6á6v´ ¦ ¥
¢"3vh¯hTµ4¯¸ ¦ ¤ ± V¤¾¾h k/µ43kL k¢[¡£hüFö;k3¨^>£ªh k33ªPh 6
`
Y
>Y
Y
Y
t
Y
_
Y
fcY
gg(g
Y
ng
Kc
Y
s
g
+`
¡*¦
£hH¨³F33> h¦ ¨±^± >¼4v^h f¡Yh +§W>, H¦ £fb¤T¸ k¤ ¡¨^>¯¢"µ43v33h3T«¼4,U kª'ª£hµk3+hh/jµ §W£h¦ ^¢b¤
µ4ª*¢"h yb¡*h£
kપá6¼k´{h¡U"kU¤¾§hh k 6 "ðk k@H£h¦ 3µ4v3
±6Hµ6 6b¢[¡UP¡*h£hVü\
¡*¡*£L£h¤¾[h£h 63"¢[¦ ¼4¡*£hvüU^¡Uµ6 ¬
¢"HhàÈ k²\b'¤¤1*§²÷"h k «ð h <
¤6>µ4h>Hk£hL¢" kb¢[6¡*£h 6ü4 3^ª,h<h 6µ436H 6¢[¡*£hü±
¡¢">3\^h33²>h´ U¤y¢¦ ¦ ¡¯¨^µ4>©£ª¬+8ª¢[*£L¡U¤6k>£P h¢
µ4¬1>b>£«S¤r*§;£h¤1Vv¡UªUf¢"¡*>µk\¯h²¸ ¬1¦ ¤ 3±b¤6H¥
¡h 6©>^µ4336>hH 6¦ ^¢[!± ¡*£hü4± k
Uªæk{U£¼4H>£ª·6§J¡*U¢"£h¢[¼k¡* k¦ 3hr k©[¼4,v3U¯b 3*¦£ª¢"£h3>bh¡* 6hV\¤u¤rhh Æ¡[3*£ªò£h3¸ b¦ ¡*¤ h± ^3{ U§ô^ô 1 ¤6v ¦ ¢"3vhh @ ¹ ¹£hÅf3kª¼4¤6<3>õ ¯h""£hh>± 6b> ¨^¡*ð \ ¯"¡Ukµ4¤T3k fL 6¡U¥
¢[¡h£h yü4Æ d¬@ò ¸ ¦ ¤ ± 3 h± 6>ô f£/¡*ãT§P¡UæÄ/¢[ª¡U£Lv¡h¬a ¤6¬8v >¦ £hV¢"¡3hv3/h©¡¡*3"^¼4v3>^h^ ±
h£h k>S¡*¡h>^Uk£ª'£h3*b§ ¡*1h> ¹ ¡UV¡*/3Fµ4,¡*hH [ 6h3 k¨YV¤Pµ43±kLh k /¢[^¡6£hü h3\vh +^¡UóH'¢[»¡U*v£ª¬ ¥
¸ ¡*¦ ¢"¤ ^± 3¢"3¡Vv¨hH3£L¡ æk
*£¼6£h33^>¢"bª¼kU¡* £hª^ÁY ¥å¼1¹ £h£h33V3¡UªD^h8 f¡*¡Uf¤Th k¼1¯£h33*3£ªª£h3^b> ¡*h¯^õ6
§W3U¡U£«h¡U k±ª",Á<h f¶d¡»d<± ¥ ¤6<³F3>^£h33v>'h¸ ^©¹ ¤ £L¡* ± ª§S£L£h¡*^h¢ \b> <¬13hb ¤T\¡© 3Uô £ª£h>Á<S¡>¥¥
hh 6U¾>³FU§>>^h6¨¬ 3k\> ª« ¹ £h¡[¨>33;¨¦ 3Ç«± dh f¢ ¡± P²P¡*¡UªLü k± h3 6¨^,V° ¤{¨^>>h£ªb¬rU V¡*£h½ ¬rV
>¡bU>ª^P3>h3^^Ν¤63>6¼4 3¦ f¦ ± ¤1 "À{ kVµ4¡V3¨\V¡ ¬ä¦ ª¦^äh 6h kr>÷"¡U>6b>,k¦ >>£V¬[&*§²Çµ @¦¹ S¤1V¡V ¨±
h£h 6>ª+V¡*L£h¡*Lª jüT U§¡U6,>£h ± h 6b° ¦ 3h^r¡*P¡©h^¼6b§J*£¯§ ¦ ¦ £h
Y
Y
ie
`
(gg
0g
`
g(``
Y
t
e
)gg
ag
%g
``(`
`(`g
(g
>Y
ng
g
`(sY
g
`(`
`(_;s
ì ë îUïÈì ë
¨hU,¡UU 66@3«¢[V¡U¸ ¡U¦@ ¤ µ4¦ ± P¡*>j¢"£h>V3³F¤ v*h£ª3²<V§J¤U¡U£,ª3ª¡U^v"63bª¡*S6¤1h§W3>U¤@£L£h¡U¢[µ6¡¬hh @bU©>£hh£h3 k>¡* ªh£h<3± ¨U3¡U^¡©6¢"hª¼1>><£h^U¢"3§«U£hªb>>b >H¥¥
hk 6¤6P3° ¼4¦ 3¡*kb¤6È3¬[vhU§²¬@h> 6¦ £h3¡*3hUVb¤{3H¡hbUª>j¯ U§ª£h> b± >¨^¡*\khH3£L¦Y¡U¸>h¤ ¨¯3ª¢"3¡*>\£hLh Y§J,*±£
h¼4 6HP£hb¢"° ¦ >>\£hh33Y¡*ð fh¤ 6> U£h¼ @¦ h k¦ ªV ¤¢
µ4h> k£YPU,§Á<£h3¶d3»d¨^¡*¥ ¦ +v¯£h± >¤1ªv£h 3¨^¢"¡*j3Hv·1h¥
>*^÷"v3Lb¡U¡U;kª3>¤ hh 6>£h,V¦ª¡>±h^T¡U£h¼6V° ¼6£h¦ V£h·1V¤¢[¡*3hª3Y¬©h kh¡U 6^h¡Uk¢"H¥¿° ¡U¡*,¦ £ªh[>£Yh k¡*
¢[*§¡*>v³F¬,U¸ £ª¦ ¤ ± ¹ >3¢"d3vhh« k¡U¾k¤h 6hv"UVüP¡U¦ ^¼kk¡Uµk¬[òh3Y
¼4*>§Y£hª¡U6ª¥å¢[ k ¡U¦ '£h¦ £h¹3ª¡<V¡3£h¨H>
hh3 6¡U
¢T£h3 h3bª ¼kh/>^h 63">h¤6^³F¾>£h¡U3P6¡"3©hv¾^«H§J³F*U£P£ª3¨U¹ ¡Uh k©¡h ¦ L¡*£hµk>ª£h¿¬{3¨^U¡*§
H¼1³F£h^3¢">hª¨V¦ 3¤F63ª ± Ǿ¹ hr k§W 3^f¤u3>hh fU¡Ãh> 6³F{3>>h^¨336>h3ª^ 6¹¦ @, f¡U"¡V± ¨kr*[ª¢"3^b¢©b¡£ ¥
H¼4³F33¡*>£hP¹ h¡*f¤
µ4"h k¤1¡*^'¢"h kf¦¡¤1hV³F¤rH£hµ\3¬{k3¤1hµ4¡ >È£h,>33¢">/3vh kµ43>U¿b>3>3h[^¸ k¤ ¡U¼1>¥
£Lª>¡bh> k>>h£"V¤h k§J*¡U£'Ú¸ µv¬¤ h k ¤6³F>£h3633"± Úh 6ª>[*§P¤1v ¦ ¢"¦ 3±vh
¦ ^± U±§²¤6v ¦ ¢"3vh§WU£«¸ ¦ ¤ ± b ± ¢[¡3¬/µ4µf¡*ªV¤
,
k
<
ª
3
3
>
h
ULÚ¡*k¡r3 ªH©©U§Y"fL¤1¡U3k¼4¤k3¡k£L¤6¤a3v¼1£L¡U£h>>hª£h33¨Uh¡U{,£ ¼4¦ v6U3{h k࿾[hh 6^¼äb
Æy3£h¤6 v¦ ¢©¥¥
¢"r>h\ kh<¹ §W¼4£h^v¢ UÑ+3¡U,L k ¾/£ H¦ ÷"83¡U3kk¤{H¬@h kU>§dh¸ k¦ ¤ ± ¼4"vU¡Ub' h k"¢"¤1>hv 6 \¦ ¤T¢"¢[3v¡V¦ h¬
µ4ª>b¨^b3¢"P¼1¡U£h¯¨¡ V¤"µvb¬¤6¦ ªh[ ±h kh k¸<>¤ ³F3>h¨¼13£h6v33ª3,ª*3§²h±< kªYb £ ¦ k¡dãh k3¨¢©H¥¥
hj 6U¥Èæ6k£h>^·\v'dL k¡*£ ± ¦ ¦ >£hh§WUb £D¹ ¸ £ ¦ ¤ kd ¡*¦ £hY3± U3¨U¢"¡U± ¦ ¡h§WV£h¤"U¢ ©h£L k¡Uk£ ü
U©± £L¤1©>£ 6bLh ¡¯6£hV3¤¾3µ4¨UU¡Uhv ¾¤6¡ v± ¦U¢"µf¡U3,v'¦¡Uf¤8± ¡Ud¡¢"± v^V'¡U£h3¨3±>>£h\ªh^¬
§J* §,¦ fh k¤F¦«Ç k >£h·6¡Uh¢©^¥
Çu¢"* k£hTr° h 6L ü\±¬ ± Uµf6¡U3h¨ k>>£h£©ª,^u¡U[¼1¡*£hä\¤ U¦ µ13¨\V¤ä £h©33§Ñ¡V¨U¨¡U*v£hh¤1vb a¦ ¦ ¢"h>3£hv¢"h
**§'§dh¸ k+¤ ° ¦3¦ ¢"¡U3v¿¬h¹ +U¢[§3¡^U¤1^b> >h^U{h Ú¼6£h¨\>¤ £hª¦ 3^V6¤/¦ §W¼1U£h£¯\¡¤ ± >¨V¤y3@¡Ua¦ >¢
³Fµ43>H£¥
h¨
¦ S3¤^± µ43¯>£hhVU° ¾£hV¤ h ¾f3U¤1k>ª£b¤6h k>£L¯¡*¼4µkv¬rU§Jb>>¢"£>¸ ¦h k¤ ¦ \± ¤F3¢" 3vh<h k¡U
±
¦
¦ ¦
o
>Y
)g(c
^t
{ ë ì í fë U
U,§¯ kàhá6 6¡ ¦ ó[h k§W¡*U*h£r£h^+¢[kh¡U k¡*Yü1¡Ukà¿ kü8h¶'¡V b¨U¦3¡Uh Tb¡UUµk§Pv¾Uá\£hLh 6¡U 63k3¤k
,¡¡U£LÁ<¤6f¶[¤»d¡U¯¥kÚ^¤ä6 fj¡ 3µkH¢" 6k¡ªU£hª¢[b ^±¡U6¬
¡£hU3kf¤&¤1>¡*£hbª Úhh f k¡*Tkütàá6àÈ´b¡U± ¸ f¡Ú¤ Á<3¢"Uª33vkhª3 6u3Ã, k§JU©£r£h 63ª>V£@¡£h¡*Hª tª¦ ,L¡U¡Uk[>y¼1b ¥
¼4Uv£ªLh¡*V£h¤ µ\± ¬å»»à¿ U¢"¢ ó<¦¡*f6¤@¦V¡*µv± h¬^h6 k ¡U¯k¤¡ à¿1£L§J¡*U£h¢[á13¡h36^3T3Pj¡*3Hf 6¤rk¶Ub ¦ ± ¬ ¥
k 3H£hb ± ÁY3ªV¡*£hL r» ¦ k>bjU§»,¡*f¦¡U¤k¡ Pá1¶ÁY»óH ±
fë
øò>ú+h»<¨  ð µk[ª£h» b¡*£hü^£h&>ª£h¡*f¨^¤¡*Ñ à¿
[
» *£h%©¢[ ¡ULü4¡ £h¢[à¿¡Uvâh>£L¡U¡*f>¤ ¥
±
¦
¶¯ã8 vU£h 633 ¹ V ¤1h*£h ¹/ß ÉLÊ ÛÛ Í ©ÎUËÑÐ Û Ê 4ÌhÏLÔvÊÛ^ ßÛ Õ jÔ6ÌtÝdÐ HËWÔ FÌ UË ËÑÍHÐèÌHÒ*Î Ê VÌHÍhÌHÊfÏH
Ì Ü ¹
¯¡*h k>£hªµ ¦ £ ±6¹ ãT¡*£ª¬1b¡Uf¤ ¹ ¨>¢/µ4>£
ò 1 ¡*h^k¡U
àÈ<kkhhV¦¤rhávL¡*Uh§&3 á\¯L¡*3f¼k¤6¡*¡*£ªh£L¢"¤63v¡*YfU¤ §»j^3¢"H 6¢"kHU£hb3 ^± ¬ ð ¨^¡*bàbá6¡*µkó ¹
>b>>ª£h^6b3¡U¬@¡*! #"$"$%'&)((*"+#,.-0/21435*"6/87.9:k
ø ô ú+»< £hüV ªð ü\aÑ »b¡*£há\ü k U¹ £ªh
> + aµk»ªU£h£h ¢[¡*Hü£L¡U¹ 6ü\¡Ubk ¤ æaà¿´6
¦ %© ¡*£h¢[¡* ¹ V¤6h*£ ¹ jÔk¦ Ì[Ý Û Ø\ÍL±ËWÔ FÌUË !± ËÑÍLÐåÌHÒ*Î ß
Ì ¬1S¡*f¤¹ < =Ü<¨3¹ ¢/¼fµ4¡ H±£u3 ò ô \ >\¯õ *¡ù h¹bUf¯¡*¡*hàÈ kk>£hh¥¥
µ ¦ Û h£ ʱ1V¹ ÌH*ͪ§ãTÌHÊ4áv¡ÏLL£ª;
á>v¦SL¡*¡*«h3ç ? µk¯3V¡U¼k¡fh¡*¤6b£ªU¡*h ¢"£L¤13©v¡U¥ k¤äUõ §Â\j »3ð HU 6¨U¢"k¡UU¢"b¡Ub >µ6±£hb3¬^3 <3Hપá6<£h^àªkó á1¹ V<¡*ká\¬{h¼4V¡>¤ ¥
""$%'&)¦($("+#,.-@/81435*"A/B7.ô 9:k
ø õ*ú á4< áF
¥k»Y*;£h¢[1 ¡ULü 竹 ¡U»<ªh ¡ y ð µfk¡*»ªVb¤Ä¡*£hü^£hHÅf¹ k»<>6¢"Á3kvç«V ¡*¢"à¿ >£ ¹ ¡Uf¤
Ó6ÐCUËWÔ
ß <Û ¨Ê± V3ÌH¢/ͪÌHµ4Ê4HÏL£E
F Ü GV¹ ¯¡*h k>£h¥
µ 4Ì U£ Ë ãT ¡£ªËÑÍL¬1ÐåSÌH¡*Ò*fÎ ¤ D
Ì
*§;¦ 3á\¼f±1L¡¹¡U£ªkh¢"¤k¡3£Lv¤6PdU¡U§Yf¤"»¹ Uj¢"3H¢" 6k>£hU3b^ ± ¬ ò ð ¨U<¡Uvઠbá1¡U¯µk¡ó"h¹ ^3f63¡*HhjªV£hàȤ[k^ká\hLV ¡¡*¦ h3h¬
¡! #""$%'&(("+#,#-0/81435H"6/B7.9:6
ø ùUú ¨U¡U 63µ4¡*ª>ª£ª3ª¡Uª¢"k&¤ 3v%©«6§J*áF£\h´^ 6U* k3 b3¤6«Vá\¡*;L¡h6b§WUh£hV¢[¡*4¡*µfh¡*Uª
3,£h>Uª§j£h£h33¨U>¡U¥
hh>*£ª¬ 3^63b>¨^h>£hUªj¿'¬@;*>§H 6»,k¡UV¢
¡Uµ64£h£hb3¤ ¼4* £ª ¹ò »^1¢" ¼ ¦ ah>JÁ£ ;I¡U µ4*ÁY£L¡*>¥¥
± ¹
¼4*£ª ¹ *ù \ò^
ø Fú àÈL K ¡*£h¢[¡UD ¨ß H£h¨1>äU§4hÛ 6,Åkß £hd;,Ù Á<¶»a3
^1§J>£hÛ 363^
ÌHÊfÌHÏLËÑÌÍLG*ÐåÌHËWÛ ÔÒ*Ê Î MYß ¹ Ê6¼kÌÊk>¡ ̪Ø6± ÎUÎ3ÍYÏLÔÚÉLõ ÊkHÎUËÈ>ÌHÊfù ÍLÖPÊ4¹ ÎUO
çËÑÐ ÌHªÒUÊ4hÌ ªÎ ßµÛ ¦ M [£ ± ÌH Ê6¹ ˯ç Ó1ÐJð ʾ*É ¹NdÉL´ Éʦ kÛ Í/©ò ÎUÊ ËÑVUÐ ÌHõ1Û Í>Ê Ü
ø *Fú ª
£h 3¨U¡U¡f£h»¢[^¡U1D§J> £h36 3 ¨>è£h,¨\Á<>¶d »d¥È*ù§róHFhà¿ k Ã
§J ¦ %©£ªh ¡*;£h¢[>·\¡*ä ÁV¶«¤\¥¥
h*£ ¹ ¼kj¡ Ôk>ÌÚÝ ÛRò >Ø\ÍLËWõ Ô F¯Ì ¡*UË h! k> £hªËÑÍLµ ÐåÌH£Ò*Î ß@ãTÛ ¡*Ê £ªV¬1ÌHͪb¡UÌHkÊ4¤ÏLQÌ ¨¹ F>¢© ¥Ü
µ46<^H¹£¯ ò ¬ ± \ àá6¡*hô ó ^k¹ <¡UFkà¿h6V¤rháv¦ Lh¡*<h¦ 3*S±6§'¹¯ávL3¡U¼ff¡¤6£ªh¡*¢"£L¤13,v¡U¹ k*¤[§;»3^L¢© 6¥¥
¢">b>H>£hª3± £h^^ 6b3à¡Uá6t¬@á1¡*¹¼4! 3#"3$b¡*"$4%'ç &)(¦ (*µk"+#V,.¡*-0h/2U14 35*"6/8*7.¥ ô9õ:k1 ð ¨^¡*bb¡*µk
ø Fú Û %© ¡£h¢[¡U ¹FV¤1 hUK £V ¯jÔ6¡*ÌTh kÝd>ÐJ£hAÍ ªLµ Ë £ 4Ì UË ãT!¡* £ª¬1ËÑÍLbÐå¡UÌHkÒ*¤ Î ß
Ì ò ô ¯¡hbÜ UfV¹ ¡*6àÈkh ¦ hdU¦ §Dáv±6L¹ ¡Uf¤6¡*£L¤1'¡Uf¤ ¹
<¨Ê V3¢/ÌHͪÌHµ4Ê4HÏL£T
j»3UH¢" 6¢"kU>b£h 3± ^¬ <<àªá1àªá6!á1ó ¼4¹ 33bk¡*;hVç ¤Äµ6ávbL¡*Vh¡3hU^ 3¼f¡*£ª¥ h¢"\3 v*§
ô
¦
ø *Fú %©ß Û ¡*£h¢[¡* ¹ V¤6hU£V jÔk¯Ì ¡UÓFh̪ 6Ï >Û £hÊ4ªÖ µ £FÌ UËãT¡*£ª ¬\¥Ü
b¤6ËÑ¡*ÍL¡*fÐå£LÌH¤ ¤1Ò*¹@Î ¡Uk¨¤ÄÊ3V¢
jÌH3µ4ÍhHÌH> 6Êf£8kÏLUÌ Uò b U õ1¬ ¯<¡*àª8Ühá6VUVf¹ ó ¡UàÈkkhhV ¤Ä¦ h¦ áv{L±6¡*Uh¹ §"3U á\L¡U1>¥¥
±
¹
(r
o9m
Im
m
]
a
9Y
^a
ja
l^m
m
m
m
fu
K]
=]
[
)`(`Y
a
u
]
t
`;c
(g
)``;c
a
^cg(g
]
(_
u
9u
)``;s
ha
u
)`(s` Ktu
3c ;_
c
(Y
1Z [
Cs
[
Y
Ka
)``;c
a
jcg(g
(Y
s
)``
a
ncgg
_
`(`
a
g(s
`(`
¼f¡*£ªh¥ ¢"ò 3\v +U§<»^¢"¢"H£h3^ <àªá6 á\¼433b¡Uç ¦ µ6b3¡*h^
ô
ø úF/ %© ¡£h¢[¡U ß ¹ 3Û ¤6hU£V ÒUÌHÍLÒVÐåÌ Û ÄËW¯ÔkÌ ¡Uhj 6Ôv>£hÐJ֥ͪ
µ F¦ Ì h£U±6Ë ¹ U§PãTá\¡*LËÑ£ªÍH¡*¬1ÐèfÌHb¤k¡UÒ*Îk¡£L¤ ¤6¹ "¡*Ê fV¨¤aÌH3Íh¢
;ÌHÊf3µ4ÏHL>Ì k£t6^ò *ù6¬ Ü ! ¡*àªhá1¹ ^kó ¡Uà¿66hhV¤ ¥
á3\¦bL¡U¡²h3ç ;µk3V¼f¡*h¡£ª^h ¢"3v*¥ U§Â\ »^¨^¢"¡*¢"S¡*>µk±£h>^3 3>ª£hUàká6¹
á1¬{¼4¡*>¥
V
U
¡
ð
U
ô
ô
¦
#""%'&)(("$+#,.-0/81 35*"6/B7#9:k
øò *Qú /»^ 1%©§J> £h>k¡*£h3¢[ ¡UèD, Á ¶d¨»d>£h¥È¨\õóH>yà¿* §kh/ 6d h%© k £L¤;¡*£h>¢[·\«¡*Á<¶«Vª¤1£hb>h¨^*¡*£
Ò UÌHÍLFÒVÐå Ì Ü !V¹Û 8¼kËW¡ Ôk± Ì >ÄjÔ\Rò >fÐJͪò Ö ¹ 4̯U¡UË h 6>£hËѪÍHµ ÐåÌH¦ Ò*£ Î ±6ß ¹ ãTÛ ¡*¹Ê£ªV¬1ÌHÍhb¡UÌHfÊf¤ÏLÌ ¹¹
¨>¢/µ4>£Äò Uù6
¡UU§/k¤T»;U¢"3L¢" k6>^£h3 ^± ¬ <à¯á6ડá6h^á1ó f¹¼4¡*3r>6S¡*à¿hk¯V¤Tç háv¦µ6Lhb¡*ÂhV3¡Uh§¯^ 3á\¼kL¡*¡*£ªf*h¤6¢"¥ ¡*£L3¤6v\
ð ¨U¡Ub¡Uµ6P33>ª£h^6V¡U¬r¡* ""$%'&)¦ ($("+#,.-@/81435*"A/B7.ô^9ô:k
øòUò>Qú /Û %© ¡*£h¢[¡U ¹ !V¤1 h*£V j¯ÔkÌ/¡UhÝ 6Û >Ø\£hÍHªËWµ Ô £ FÌ UË ãT¡* £ª¬1ËÑÍHbÐå¡UÌHfÒ*¤ Î ß
¨Ê V>¢/ÌHÍhµ4ÌHÊf>ÏH£ÄÌ ò \¯¡Ü <$hV^¹ f¡*rà¿kh ¦ h¦ ±6U¹ §á\L¡*f¤6¡*£L¤6 ¹
U¡Uð §/k¨U¤T¡U»;Ub¡U¢"3µ6L¢" kP6>3^£h33 ^>± ª¬£h^6<àVá6ડUá6¬rá1ó ¹¼4¡*3>"6S¡*h"$¯V%'¤Tç &)¦ ($ávµ6(L"b¡*h+#V3¡,. h-@¯^/814 33¼k5*¡*"A£ª*/Bh7.¢"¥ ô93õ:kv1
øò ô Qú /Û 0 %© ¡£h¢[Û^¡UßPÛ ¡*f¤P¶*ã8 vU£h k>3 !¹ V ¤6hU£h3 ß!ÉLÊ ÛÛ Í ©Î^Ü
ËÑÌHÐ Ê4ÏLÊ DÌ 4 Ìh ÏLÔvÊ Ü Õ V¹ ¯j¡UÔkÌ+h kÝdHÐ £hHªËWµÔ ¦ F£ ±1̹UË ãT¡*£ª¬1ËÑÍLb¡UÐåÌHfÒ*¤ Î ¹ ¨ÊV3¢©ÌHÍH¥Ü
µ4kU>£¯ ò ¬ 1< ¯àªá1¡hbó Uf¡*D6àÈhkV¤rhá\¦ Lh¡Yh3U§«¯á\L3¡*¼kf¡*¤k£ªh¡¢"£L¤63v¡UYfU¤§,;»3^L¢© 6¥¥
¢"33>>£hª3± £hUU k<Vડ*á1bt¬rá\¡¹¼4 3#"3b¡U"$F%6ç &)(¦ (µ6"b+V,.¡-0h/8^14 3$5*"6/B*7.¥ ô9*õ:k1 ð ¨U¡Ub¡Uµk
øò3õ*Qú / %© ¡£h¢[¡U !¡U f¤ ¶!ß ã8Û dv*£h k33 ¹ VF¤1 h*£h3
jÔkÌuÓkCÐ UËWÔ FÌ UË ËÑÍLÐåÌHÒ*Î Ê VÌHͪÌHÊ4ÏL?
Ì BÜ V¹
¯¡Uh 6>£hªµ ¦ £ ±6¹ ãT¡£ª¬6b¡*f¤ ¹ ¨3¢
µ4>£©ò v ¯¡h^f¡*
à¿66hhV¦¤rhá\L¡*h§&3S á\L¡U3k¼f¤k¡¡£ªh£L¢"¤6 3v¡U<k*¤ §»;^3¢"L k¢"6>^£h3 U± ¬ ð ¨U<¡Uàªbá6¡Uµkó ¹
33>ª£hUkV¡*b¬r¡#""$%6&)(("+,.-0/8143$5*"6/B7.9*:k
øò>ùUú
¡Uã8k'¤¶£h> ªj£h33ª¨Uü¾¡U¡Uk¬1¤ h3
¢Äd3á6¨U¡U¡Uh U¡jh{bUÁ<j>b>¨^¡*Û k3¡UªÛ ª3ªª¢"Û >\h
ÎUÊfÖ Ù Î*Ê4ÎVÕvÌ "ÌHÊkËѹ ù1ñ õ*ùõ >\¦ õ ¹ ò ÉLÊ \ Í ©ÎUËÑÐ Ê
ÓkË ÍÎVÕvÌ
øò ú+§¶ ª
^@k竪£L¡ ¡U¦ L ü4< à¿U%¡U
v hU%©£VdÁ<¡*>£h¼4¢[U£ª¡*< ^V¤6h 6hU£ ,Á¶dÛ »d¥ /3^Û 1¥
¹ ¹DÉLÊ Í "Î*ËÑÐ Ê
¦
F̪ÏLÔ\FÊ Û^ ßÛ Õ# ¼k¡ jÔk>Ì@ ÝdÐ H> ËWÔ*ù F̯UË¡Uh 6 >£hËѪÍLµÐåÌHÒ*£ Î ß ãTÛ ¡*Ê£ªV¬1ÌHÍhb¡UÌHfÊf¤ÏLÌ
V¹ ò ± 1
¦ U±6§¹ á\L¡*f¤6¡*£L¤6 ¹
¨>¢/µ4BÜ > £Ä
¯¡h^f¹ ¡*rà¿kh ¦ hÂ
U¡Uð §/k¨U¤T¡U»;Ub¡U¢"3µ6L¢" kP6>3^£h33 ^>± ª¬£h^6<àVá6ડUá6¬rá1ó ¹¼4¡*3>"6S¡*h"$¯V%'¤Tç &)¦ ($ávµ6(L"b¡*h+#V3¡,.h-@¯^/814 33¼k5*¡*"A£ª*/Bh7.¢"¥ ô93õ:kv1
øò *ú
áFTD¶£VFÁYÛ ^µ4>£ªhªß«UÛ j,Û 6/¼6£hUµf¡*µkÛȬTõU£Lõ1¡Uñ 6*ü\*ù b>v õ± U¼1ù £hkò 3¼k\
× Ø\ÍHÊfÎ SO Ï>Ø "ÌHÊkËåÎUËÑÐ Êk¹ ô
¹
øò ú+ç²ybbá\¤1 kb >£hb¤6¡u¡U b¹¡*£ ´1Ú¢ ç² hb¡U>£h¡*k+ ¹ h3¡U8f¤ 3Ubç«3Hhá1bUL ¡ ¦§W£hµ6^b¢ U
3ð U¦ 6¢"á\¼f¢"¡*V£L±¡*¡*hµkU{ k¡*>f±¤ç«¤6kv¦ á\ k¦ >¢"£hb3¤k± v¡*¦ h 3V¤1à¿ hU
£h <£hÛ >§W
3kÛhH¾ªhÛ ¹
Í Û ALÜ'ÐJÊvÕUØ\¹ ÐhËÑÐèÏaÉLÊ Û Í ©ÎUËÑÐ Û Ê ¹ ÌHËÑÍLÐåÌHÒ*¹ Î ß ¹ ¼kÍ ¡ ± Ô3 H>Ê
v ð »ã á1à à¿Á ¹ ð ¦ ± Dò 1
øò *ú %©^rDhá\ k¼f+¡*£hkL>üTV¤T´U^§JkU>£+P¡*¡Ufk¤@¤8¼6»<£h4¨\´6ª ^{¡*@U§Á<¡U ¸¿ªµ4 b>¤1£ V± ¡U3;DF¯h3ÁYP3¼43UU£ª¥
U3£L>¡hhU^£ªD¬ 4;»,>¡UH¢
6kµ6£hVb¡U¤ 1£h 3¼4ò U£ª \¹ 6b¨^>£hª¿¬/»^¢"¼ ¦ h>£ j¡Uµ1¥
¹
± ¹
cgg
)c
`
`(`
a
^cg(g
c
g
a
)`
)``
+a
cgg
c
)``;c
+a
cgg
)]
Y
[
`(`Y
a
icgg
_
]
)``;s
a
u
;c`
[
)c
]
`(Y(Y
[
,t
>c
1[
hY;c Gs
)``(Y
+a
cgg
Y
Y
`
G[
)s
(g
)`;ss
t
t
Z
Y;c
[
+cY
`(`Y
_
%]
"u
`;sc
øò *ú h%©UvT á1¼k£h>¡*ª£h£hLü/3¨^´^¡*U;kh33d<¡Uk3¤[^»<3>vh´6Uk3¡* ©Á<Û ¸¿ªµ4>£ ß'± Û 3DFà¿Û 1§JU£h¢[¡¥
ËåÎ*ËÑÐ Û kÊ ¹ õ ô òóHñ > ôv¹ ãT¡*£hL ¾ò × \ Ø\ÍHÊfÎ FO Ï>Ø [ÌHÊfÜ
ø ô *ú+¬1´1ª^;Y¡ U± §«¦ h> k¥¿á¦ ,h3Á<¶d³F»d,¥¿¡Uõ"f¤+¤6¡*´6L ¡\ àȦ Uh/3 D%© ð L¡*¡*£hh¢[¡Uh V¡*3f¤6¡UkhU¡U£ ¥
Ò UÌHÍHÒVÐå Ì Ü !V¹Û 8¼f¡ ËW± Ôk3Ì õ jÔ\ÐJ>\ÍÖõ F¹ Ì U¯Ë ¡U!h k >ËÑ£hÍLªÐåµ ÌHÒ*¦ Î £ ±1ß ¹ ãTÛ ¡*Ê ¹ £ª3¬1ÌHÍhb¡UÌHkÊ4¤ÏLÌ ¹¹
<¨3¢/µ4H£&ò Uù1 ¡*h^k¡Urà¿6h ¦ hÄU§aávL¡Uk¤k¡*£L¤1
*¡*ð §
f¨^¤T¡*»j^S¡*¢"3µkH¢" 6Pk>3U£h>b3 ^>± ª¬£hU<kàªVá6ડ*á1b¬Tá\ó ¹¼4¡*!<33#"kb¡Uh"$V%6¤ç &)¦ (á\µk(L"¡*h+V>¡*,.Sh-0¯^/814 >3$¼f5*¡*"6£ª*/Bh7.¢"¥ ôU9*>ô:k\\
ø ô ò>ú+¶¡*fk¤ã8h kdv¢"*£hV k¡*3 33£h 3¢"¡3£hvS+¡hU^§Yk£h>ª[£h3£h¨U3¡U3¨U>¡U³Fk>>>h¸ ¨¦ 3¤ k± >>ª¢"3y3và¿h
¦
Û
VÛ K hË! MYÊ6ÊkØ6Î ß ÉLÊkËÈÌHÍLÊ4Î*ËÑÐ Û Ê4ßÛ Î ß M ;Ù Ó\É*NdÉ E
ÊËÑÍLÐåÌHÒ*Î Ì ß >¹ ̪ãÎUͪ3ÏLÔ&µ4 Î*¦ Ê4£hÖk O
¹ ð ÌHÒU¦ Ì ± ¦ "PòÌHÊkË©1ÐW ÊtÉLÊ Û Í "Î*ËÑÊÐ 3Û ÌHÊ ÍhÌH Ê4ÏLÌ>Ì Ü
ø ô^ô ú +6Ç¾Û 3Vß dM ç'4£L¡*ß Ðå ̪Ö"H£ ÓkËåÇÎUËÑÐ >hËÑhÐè¼40Ï 'U£ª Û Í »,Ù ÎUÍLò ÐJÊFJÌ \M
YÎUÐJAÍ YÞ,Í Û Ü
3Ì AhÐ Ê4Î ± ¹
¹ ¹
ø ô õ*ú+´11 §JUF£hU¢[µ43¡Ñh ^ V&£h>ª£h£h33S¨U¡*¡Uµk©©>·1¡£h¼4
>£hh 6¢"3£hv>h ¦ h¯Uà¿§d b¡*£ K± >¥åªV¡U
Ê6>̪Ø6ÎUÎ Íß ÏLÔ&ÉLÊ6ÎUËÈÌHÊ4ÍHÖ ÊfÎUO
ËÑÐ ÌHÛ ÒUÊfÌ Î ßÛß M [;ÌHÙ ÊkË/Ó1ÐJÊuÉ*NdÉLÉ Ê Û Í "Û ÊÎ*3ËÑÌHÐ ÛÍhÌHÊ Ê4ÏL V Ì ÌHËÑÛhÍLËÊ ÐåÌHMYÒ*Î ÊfÌ>ß Üܹ
ã>bµ4 ¦ £h6 ¹ ð ¦ ± ¦ Pò 1
)`
;]
a
c` Gs
[
)`(sY
g
(t
(_(c
`(_
`(`
a
cg(g
G]
,]
Z [
1[
`(`_
Z;Z
)``(Y
Z [
)``(_
1[
c
ì FïÈUì ë ì &
á» ¦ µk¢" ª ª^
»¡* DÁð U¢"¶ jò
¦ ¢á1 6U£ª
3>È£ ¬ U¡ ¡*
±ª ¦ ¢[ô ¡U
3¡*>È£ ¦¬ ^U¡\¡*¡Uò b 1ò
±ã>¦£h ¦ £h^ò
¼63È£h¬ U¡^ð ¤ ¡
¼6ã£h> £h ð £h Võ
¦d£hü\¢
¬ ¦ ôUõ¡1ò
dµk£h¢ ü\± ¬ µ
¡*»S*¡£ <òô^õ*ô 3
ð
¯¡á\ k*£ª
¯¡ '£ª¬ká1 6U£ª
¦± ¢¢
¦ *U¢[¡ ô ¡\ò
¡ªµkª ¢" U¨\¡*U ¡
¢[¡¡ªª¤1 UU¡*¡*ô
»µk*¢ £ ± ð *ò>¡ 3
§W»ãª3*>£ £h *ð £ £hô °h3
'¡* £ª¿¬ ^ð ¡*¦ ª j^òô ¡
±± S¢ ¡*¦ ¦ £ 1Uò ¡ ¦ ò
îdÄïå^UïÈì
l
u
u
ù
Y
u
Y
ò
õô
u
c
Y
V`;s
s
Y
_
òòUò
òò3õô
ò>ù
Y
`
g
)s
Y
òò
)s
)c
òò
1Y
Y
t
)s
ò
ôô ò
ôUô õô
ù
_
`;s
t
`
1t
g
1Y
u
u
ôô
]
1Y
ôô
`(s
1`;s
ôô
õõ\ò
õõUõô
õ*õ ù
V`;s
V`(s
1`;s
`;s
1Y
1Y
õõ
1Y
(c
Y
Y
1Y
`(s
_
g
1`;s
Y
s
`
VY(g
]
c
Y
õõ
(s
ù
_
`
(g
àá6´ ð ç
\\ õõ\ô^ò ôUô
\\ õ ô
\\ ôô ^\õ ò
\\ ôô *ù ô
\\ ôô ùùõõ
\\ ôô õõ^õ
\\ ôô õ^õ\ò
\\ ôUôUôô ù^õ õ
\\ ôUô ôòò
\\ ôô òò *õ
\\ ôô ^ò Uõ õ
\\bbôòò ô
\\bbòò 1ò>ù
\\bbòò
\\bbòò 1ò
\\bbòò *ùù
\\bbòò ô ùò
\\bbòò ô
\\bbòò Uù\ôò
\\bbòò U^ùõ
g
g
)g
g
g;c_
g
_(Y_
g
s_
g
Y (s
g
c(s
g
c ;c
g
Y
g
g
g
;cs
g
`
g
g
g
`
g
g
g
g
)_`
g
)_Y
g
/s`
g
/c
g
)g
g
g g
g
`(`
g
`(Y(s
g
`;cs
g
`
g
_(_Y
g
_(Yg
g
_ Y
g
)s(sY
g
)s(s
g
)s (_
g
)s
g
)s
g
)sg(s
g
)sg
g
Y(`
g
Y (Y
g
Y (g
g
Y (s
ë
ç *àá6ð ´ ç
ò \ õ Uõ
ôõ \\ õ*õUùõ ô
ù \\ õ\ò ù
\\ ôô
ôô
\
ò \\ ô vò
ò^ò ò \\ ôô
òVò3ùõô \\ ôô ù \ò
òò \\ ôô ùùõ*õ
ôò \\ ôôô õõ Uõ
òò \\ ô õõ
ôô^ôò \\ ôôôUõUô ù1õ ò
ôô ùõ \\ ôô òò^ò3õ
õ ô \\b ò Uõ
ôô \ ôô
ôô \\ ôô Uù ô
õõô \\\bbbòòò Uõ
õ1õUùò \\bbòò
õ^õ õ \\bbòò ô
ùõõ \\\bbbòòò ^õô ôò
õ \bò 1ò ô
Y
s
g
(`(c
g
/s
g
`(__
g
_;s`
`
g
_(g_
_
g
s``
g
Y;c
g
Y(_(c
g
c``
g
c(cY
c
(c (s
g
Y
s
_
)g
`
g
cg
g
;`(c
/c
g
Cs
)Y
g
Y
g
g
(_(c
/s
g
(`
)`
g
(_(s
)_
g
(`g
ù
`
g
)`_
g
g
`(g
c
g(_g
g
g;cY
Y
g
g
g
_
s
g
g(g`
`
g
`(`g
(g
g
`(Y
(Y
g
_;c_
g
`(g(c
g
_(_Y
g
_(`
;c
g
_;sc
(_
g
_
;g
g
)s`
;s
g
_
(`
g
_ _
c
Y
/c
)g
/s
)_
)Y
Y
)`
_
ôô õ
õUõ ù
^õõô õ
õõ1ôò
ù6ù ò
ùõõ ô
õ
s
g
(g
c
;s
;g
;c
(Y
(`
g
(`
g
;sgg
g
ò3ù
òòVõ
ô^ò ô
òò
òò ô
ôò^ùò
ôô ò
ò
ôô
Y
g
s
g
g
ò
õô
g
ç ð ç
\\ õõ 1ò ô
\\ õõ ô ò>ù
\\ ô Uùô
\\ ôô *ùù
\\ ôô ù1ôò
\\ ôô ùù^ù^ô ùõ
\\ ôô^ô
\\ ôô ùù ôvò
\\ ôô ùù6òUò
\\ ôô ò ô
\\ ôô^ô
\\ ôô õ
\\ ôô õ ô õ
\\ôôò ò *õô
\\ ò ò^vò ò
\\ôòò ô
\\òò 1òUò
\\òò U*ù^õ õ
\\òò Uõ
\\òò ^õ
(g
c
g
`;cg
g
Y (g
g
Y;s
g
s (Y
g
Y
g
` )c
g
g
g
c_
g
Y
`
g
;g(s
g
Cs
g
;g(c
g
g
s
g
c_`
g
c`
g
g(__
g
(Y_
g
g(g(c
g
g
g
(YY
g
)_
g
)_;s
g
)`;c
g
Y
g
)`(g
g
)_(g(s
g
)`(g(c
g
)`
g
/s _
g
/s
g
)_;cc
g
/s (c
g
)_ _
g
/s(cY
àá6´ *çd ð ç
ò \ õ \ò
ôõ \\ õõ^õ1ò ô
ù \\ õ1õ1òò
\\ ô ù
ôô ô
\
òò^ò \\ ô ù
ò3òVùõ \\ ôô \ò
ô õ \\ ôô^ô ô ô
òò \\ ô ù\ò
òò \\ ôô ùùõ*ù
ôò ùô \\ ôôô ò ô
ô^ô ô \\ ô^ô ôò ô
ôô \\ ôô õ ô
ôò \\ ôô õò *ù
õ^õ1ô õòò \\\ôòò õ^Uõ\õòò
ôõ \\ôò Uô õ
õõ \\òò
õUõ ù \\òò ôô
ù6õ ò \\òò ù
ùõ õ \\òò \ôò
ù \ò
Y
g
(_(_
g
;s(c
ù
g
`
g
)Yg
c
g
)g(c
s
g
_(gg
`
`
g
s
_
Y
g
_(Y(c
/c
g
;`Y
g
Y(`(c
g
c Y
g
c
g
sY
g
s(c`
/s
g
Csg
)g
g
s _
)Y
g
Csc
)_
g
g
)_(s
g
Y(_
g
ò3ù
òòVõ
ò
Y
/s
ôò
òò
)g
ôò ô
ôò^ò
ô^ô ô
ò
ôô ù
òõ
/c
g
/c
g
g
(Y
_
g
g(Yg
Y
g
)gg
)`
g
(`
c
s
)`
`
õô
g
g
)`(g
g
)`
g
g(`
(_
g
)_;c_
(`
g
)_(g(s
(Y
g
)_;s
g
)`(g
g
)_;sY
g
/s(s
g
)_(Y
g
/s(cs
(g
g
)`(Y
;g
g
/s_(c
s
;c
;s
g
)Y
_(c
c
c
s
`
_
ò
õô
õ
)_
;c
õõô ô
õ^õ1õò
(g
Y
ùù
;s
õù6Uùôò
õõ
;g
(Y
(`
ð ðç
11 õõ vùò3ùô
11 õ *ù^ù
11 ôô ô
11 ôô
11 ôô õ ^ô õô
11 ôô õõUõ
11 ôô ò Uùô
11 ôô õ\õ ò
11 ôô^õô ô
11 ôô ù 1ô òò
11ôôò ò3õ
11ô^ò \ô ^ò õô
11 ô *ù6ôò
11ô^ôò ôò
11 ò *\ùò
11ôòò 1ò
11òò ô
11òò *ù
11òò *ù
11òò 1ôò
Y
g
;s
g
;c
g
(g
g
`g
g
_(sY
g
cc`
g
csY
g
Yg
g
s
g
s_
g
g;c
g
g
Y
g
ccY
g
)Y
g
_(`
g
_
g
g(`
g
g
g
(_
(`
g
g
)`(s
g
_
g
)`
g
g
_(`
g
g(`
g
/ss(c
g
)_ Cs
g
g
g /s
g
)_g
g
/s
g
/s`(`
g
)_g(`
g
)YY(g
g
)Y ;g
g
/ss(s
g
)Y Cc
g
/ss
g
)YY
s
¼k¡Uá b¦¡£hµk ð¢"ð òª¤ ª^
§J'ª£ª>¿¬ ð Uµ
» *¨\
±¦ ¢¢"¦ >¼fU¡1¡ ò ¦ ô
¢[b¡*¤6 £ 1ò
±¢[¤6 ^ô õ
3àà ª£h ùù \Uôò¡\ò
33ªª£h£h UU¡¡Uõô
ªH £ ¡^ õ
±» ¦ *ªv
kkhh¡*¡* ± ò
§J fª¡>£ª£h±v3 ô ò
» *
±± b¢ ¡*¦ £ **ù ¢[¡ ô
» *v
kª¢"¼f¡ ¦ ô
¸ªk¡*¢"µk ªô ò
¸ªª¡*¼fµk¡\ªò¦
ù6ù ò
ùù^ùõô
ù
/s
1Y
]
Y
ùù
3`;s
`(s
`;s
VYg
1Y
VYg
Cc
;Y
ùù
Cs
;_
;`
\ò
U*ùõô
cg
;g
c
;`(s
c
;g
c
;`(s
c
;`(s
c(c
V`;s
cY
c(s
3`;s
c_
c`
1ò
^Uùõô
Y(g
1Y
Y
3`;s
Y
1Y
`(s
3`;s
)g
Y
Y
Y;c
Y(Y
Y;s
Y(_
Y(`
\ò
ô
s
s
sg
àªá1´ ð ç
\\òò ^^õõ\ôò
\\òò Uvõò
\\òò Uõ
\\òòVõ ôUô
\\òVòVõõ1ò
\\òVò õ1ò
\\òò ôô õ*ùõ
\\ò^ò^ô^òò ô
\\ò^ò^òòVõ ô
\\ ò^ò^ò
\\ Uõô
\\
\\ ^õ ô
\\ Uôô ùò
\\ Uù ù
\\ 1ôôUòUôò
g
)Y
g
)Y
g
/c`
g
/c(s
g
/cY(c
g
/c (c
g
/c
g
(`(c
g
;s_
g
`
g
g
g
cc
g
g
g
)_(c
g
)Yg
g
/c
g
(s
g
)c
g
g(`(`(s
g
g(_
g
g;s g
g
g(Y(Yg
g
g;c(s`
g
g (g
g
g
__
g
g
Y
g
g(g (_
g
g(g (g
g
g(g
g
g(g
g
g(g
g
ç àªá1ð ´ ç
ùù6õò 11òò
ùù^ùô 11òò *ùô
ùù 11òò vô^òVõô
ùù 11òò *õ^õ
ù 11òò3ù1ùò3ùô
\ò 11ò3òVùõ*ù
U*ùõô 11òVò õ ô ò
11òò ôô ^õ
11òò ôô ù^õ
11òò *ôôUùô ù
1ò 11 ^1õò
^Uùõô 11 ô
11 ^õô 1ô õò
11 ô õô
\ò 111 *Uùõô
ô 1 \ò3ùô
Y
ùù^ù
ùõ
ùô
Y
g
/sY(_
g
/s_
Cs
g
/ss
g
/s
Cc
g
/s
;Y
g
)Y(s`
Cs
g
)Y(cg
;`
g
/c
;_
g
/c
cg
g
c
g
(g(`
c
g
;Y
c
g
c
g
`;c
c(c
g
`
c(s
g
cY
g
_
cY
c_
g
;`
c
c`
g
Y(g
g
)g ;Y
Y
Y
g
g(_`
Y(g
Y
g
g;s`
Y
Y
g
g;s
Y
g
g(Y
Y(Y
g
g
Y;c
g
g
Y;s
g
g
(g
Y;s
Y(_
g
g(g(c(s
Y(_
Y(`
g
g(g ;`
s
s
g
g(g
sg
g
g(g
Y(`
s
g
g(g
s
(_
;Y
ùù ô
ù*ùõ
\ò
cg
c
;_
Cc
c
c
c(s
c(c
_
Uõ
)Yg;s
g
)Y(c_
g
/sY
g
)Y
g
)``(Y
g
/c Cs
g
/c
g
;c_
g
/c_(`
g
)Y ;s
g
)YY;s
g
/c
g
(`(`
g
g
)s_
g
Y;s
g
ô
1^õò
Uù
c`
Y
Y
Y(Y
Y;c
\ò
c
g
g
c_
c
`
`
;`
cg
çd ð ç
11òò
11òò \Uò^ùò
11òò ù
11òò3ùùõ
11òò Uõ
11òòVõ\ò
11ò3ò ù òVõ
11òVò^õ\ôò ò ô
11òòVõUô õ1ò
11 ò^ò ô
11 ô
11 ô ô
11 ^^õõ
11 ô *ù
11 ô
11 U\õôòVõô
sg
ô
g
Y
g
g(_
g
g(`(s`
c
g
g(_(s
g
g;s
g
g(Yg(`
g
g g(`
g
g _(Y
g
g
g
g(g(c
g
g(g
_
g
g(g
`
g
g(g
g
g(g
c
s(s
àªá6´Uç ð ç
ùù 11òò
õù^ùôô 11òò \Uò õ
ùô 111ôòò *ùõ
ùù ô 111ò3òò ù ô
ùUõ 11òò3ù^õ ô
\ò 11òò vò
*ù 11ò3ò ù1ô õ1ò ò
11òòVõôô ^\õò
1ò^ò ^õ
ô 11 \Uò õ
1^õò 11 ù
Uù 11 ôUùõ
11 ^õô
11 Uô õ1ò
\ò 11 UUõõ1ò
ô 1
Y
;_
Y
ùù
g
)Y(sY
g
/sY;s
g
)` )Y
g
/sc
`
g
g
;`
g
/c_;s
cg
g
/c_;s
c
g
(Y
;Y
g
)Y`(_
Cs
g
)Y_
Cc
g
/sg(`
c
g
(g
c
g
/c )_
cY
g
Y(_
c
g
/s
c_
g
c(s
g
c(c
g
Y
(_
c
c`
g
g
Y
g
g(_ )`
Y
Y(g
g
g(`(s
Yg
Y
g
g(_Y(`
Y
Y
g
g;s ;g
Y
g
g(Y
Y;s
g
g
ô
\Uõò
*ù
Y;c
g
g _(g
Y(c
Y(Y
g
g
_(Y
Y(s
Y(_
g
g(g(cg
Y_
sg
g
g(g
s
s
g
g(g (g
sg
Y(`
g
g(g
Y`
s
g
g(gg(`
s
ùõ
;c
_
ùô
(Y
_
(`
ùùUùô
ù^ùõ
vò
cg
c
;s
c
c
cs
cc
c_
*õ
c
s
ð ðç
11òò *^õ õ
11òò ù1ò
11òò3ù*ù6ôò
11ò3òVùõ
11òò *õ*ù
11òò \ò ô
11ò3ò^ùUôò ù\ò
11òò^ôò3õ
11òò ô 1ò
11 ò ô \ò
11 ò
11 ô
11 ^^õõ ô
11 ô \ôò
11 ô
11 U\õôò
ô
cY
g
/c
g
/cY(Y
g
)Y`
g
/c
g
)`
g
(Y(`
g
(Y(g
g
(s(c
g
/c (Y
g
/cs
g
)Y
g
Y;c
g
;g
g
)s
g
c`
g
;c
g
g
g
c`
Y
Y
YY
vò
ô
`(Y
g
)g(s
g
g;s_;s
g
g(`(c_
g
g(_
g
g(Y`(Y
g
g;c_;c
g
g
g
g (s
g
g
g
g(g(cg
g
g(g
Y
g
g(g
_
g
g(g (g
g
g(g
g
s
© Copyright 2026 Paperzz