Compliments of Bellsystemleadpoisoning.com
American Telephone
Lons Lines Plant Dept.
& Telegraph
Company
SAFETY
CODE
SECTION 3
OUTSIDE PLANT
CONTENTS
INonx
Gr,nnner-Oursror,
Prexr
Annrar Pr-rNr Wonx
UNlBncnouND AND Br:nrno Pr,aNr Wonx
Toors aNo Sronecr
INDEX
-
SECTION
3 -
OUTSIDE
PLANT
3.1
General Qslsi{e
Plant
3.11 Safety Obligations of Employees
3.12 Traffic Precautions-Warning
Signals and Guarcls
3.13 Poisonous Plants
3.14 Weather Conditions
3.15 Use o{ Dynamite (B.S.P. G10.320-G10.323 incl.)
3.16 Working from Boats and Rafts
3.17 Strange Animals, Insects, Poisonous Snakes
3.18 Electrical Fences
3.19 Wearing Apparel
3.2
Aerial Plant Worh
3.21 Poruer Hazards ancl Protective Devices
3.22 Rescr:eancl Removal-Aerial
Plant (B.S.P. G10.210)
3.23 Trec anrl Brush Cutting (B.S.P. G10.325-G10.327 incl.)
3 . 2 4 P o l e s ( B . S . P . G 1 0 . 2 0 5 ,G 1 0 . 2 0 8 ,G l 0 . 3 0 5 , c 2 1 . 0 1 0 , G 2 1 . 0 5 5 ,
G 2 1 . 1 0 5 .c 2 1 . 1 4 0 . G 2 1 . 5 0 5 ,H . B . S p e c . 4 4 5 0 )
3 . 2 5 O p e n \ \ ' i r e a n d S t r a n d ( B . S . P . G 1 0 . 2 0 5 ,G 1 0 . 3 0 2 ,G 1 0 . 3 7 0 ,
G 3 1 . 1 1 0 ,G 3 1 . 1 1 2 ,G 3 1 . 5 0 5 ,P . B . 2 9 4 , S p e c . 4 9 5 0 )
3.26 Aerial Cable Placing ancl Splicing (B.S.P. G52.505,
G 5 2 . 1 2 2 ,c 7 1 . 5 3 0 , H . B . S p e c . 4 9 5 0 r t 4 8 6 0 )
3.27 RacliotelephoneTransmitting Antenna,s (B.S.P. G31.110)
3.3
tlnderground
and Buried Plant Work
3.31 Tests Before Entering Manholes (B.S.P. GI0.212, G10.216)
3.32 Rescue and Removal from Manholes (B.S.P. G10.209)
3.33 Removing and Replacing Manhole Covers
3.34 lJnclerground Cable Placing and Splicing (B.S.P. G10.205,
G55.090, G55.505,G73.220, G74.410, H.B. Specs. 4860)
3.35 Concluit Construction and Rearrangements (H.8. Spec.
42ss)
Outside
Safety Code
Page
1
Plant
3.1
l/
""*"
"
3.36
3.37
3.38
3.39
Shoring excavations
Buried- Cable (B.S.P. G56.130, G71.765, G10.370, H.B.
Spec. 4737)
Cbaxial Cable Splicing (B.S.P. 7t.187,71.188.2)
Coaxial Cable Testing (B.S.P. 71.187.2,74.440)
3.4 Tools and Storage
3.4r
B o d y T o o l s ( B . S . P . G 1 0 . 3 2 5 ,G 8 0 . 4 1 0 , G 8 0 . 9 0 0 , G 8 5 . 8 0 0 )
3.42 Ladders, Platforms and Cable Cars (B.S.P. G80.610,
G83.620, G85.045)
3.43 Sharp Edged Tools ancl Gttards
3.44 Safety Goggles
3.45 Furnaces and Tor'ches
3.46 Ropes, Knots ancl Hitches (B.S.P. G85.800)
3.47 Storerooms
3.1
OUTSIDE PLANT
GENERAL 3.1f
Safety Obligations of Employees
(a) Iimployees working on outsicle plant shall at all times
observe all precautions to prevent accidents to themselves,
their fellow employees and the general public.
(b) The Safety Code gathers together in one place the more
important safety precautions relating to particular types of
work to assist the worker and supervisor in planning the
job. The Bell System Practices, Ifancl Book Specifications,
and Plant Bulletins which describe the operations to be
performed are prepared with the safety viewpoint constantly in mind. Thus, dual use must be made of the Code
and all standard instruction.s.
(c) In no system of instructions is it possible to cover every
sort of danger that may exist. Each employee must at all
times keep himself alert for clangerous practices, either his
own or someone else's.
(d) Clean up broken insulators, u'ire ends and other debris before leaving a job.
(e) All employees should be instructed in who to call in the
event of an accident and where necessary trained in the use
of the telephone set provided when calls are made through
the testboard.
(f ) See SECTION
2--GENERAL-2.1
to 2.4 incl.
3.12 Trafific Precautions-Warning
Signals and Guards
NOTE:
State and local laws relative to traffic control, warning
signals, guards, etc. must be complied rvith. The general practices outlined below are to be modified to conform to the
practices specified for each locality.
(a) Tools and materials should be so placed as to form no incumbrance on highways or thoroughfares used by others
unless u n a v o i d a b l e i n which case p r o p e r warning s i g n a l s
shall be displayed or 3
Watchman should be placed to warn
traffic.
(1))
When work o f a n y t y p e i n v o l v e s encroachment u p o n the
traveled portion or the shoulder of a highway, the public
must lx warned. The following warning devices are available :
Additional warning devices such as wooden barricades, rcflectors electric flashing signals and floodlights may be required under some
conditions. Police in u n i f o r m may be
desirable at times to afford proper protection.
(c)
Make sure t h a t ample w a r n i n g devices arc available before
s t a r t i n g any work
on the highway. Do not fail to remove
warning devices when the work is completed.
( (1 )
Do
(e)
T h e daytime warning d e v i c e i s t h e "Man
W o r k i n g " sign
with a red flag attached. T h e fluttering of the flag attracts
attention.
(ii
( :2 )
not leave
At night
warning device in
place when not
lighted r e d lanterns or
flares
shall be
required.
used.
State and l o c a l requirements as t o t h e n u m b e r type,
location of warning devices should be met.
and
( 1 1 Local conditions are a major factor in the placing of warning devices. How ever, where a warning sign is
Icast two warning devices must be placed.
required, at
(i)
If
men
tj )
W h e r e it is necessary to deflect traffic a sufficient number
of signs shall be used.
( I< )
Place signs close enough together so that a driver does not
assume that the work covered hy the signs has been passed.
(1)
W h e n a number of signs arc used the distance between them
shall not exceed 300 feet.
(m
)
traffic is required to stop or p r o c e e d very slowly. flagshall be placed at both approaches to the work.
Place all warning devices as follows :
1 . After t r u c k has been parked on shoulder of road.
“ s p o t t i n g ” t r u c k where i t may interfere
-.’ Before
traffic.
Outside Plant
Safety
Code
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Outside
Plant
3.1
3. The leaves grow on stalks having from scvcn to thirteen
long leaflets opposite each other in pairs. They are
orange in spring, glossy green with scarlet ribs and a
lighter green underside in summer and gaudy hues in
the fall.
(d)
Precautions to Avoid Plant Poisoning
1. Wear gloves and keep the arms and legs well covered
when exposure cannot be avoided.
2. Tools, material or clothing which have been in contact
with the plants carry the poison. Be careful when handling these items.
3. Avoid t h e s m o k e coming from the burning plants in so
far as possible, since exposure to it may cause poisoning.
3. No one should consider himself immune from poisoning
although individual susceptibility and immunity varies.
(e)
Care Following Exposure
1. Wash thoroughly as soon as practicable. Work up a
h e a v y l a t h e r w i t h y e l l o w laundry soap using warm
water if available.
2. Rinse thoroughly several times.
3. Use running water if possible or change it after rinsing.
-I. Do not rub skin with anything rough, including abrasive
soaps.
3.14 Weather Conditions
( a ) W o r k i n g under unusual weather conditions, such as on
s t o r m b r e a k s a n d i n floods, p r e s e n t m o r e t h a n o r d i n a r y
working hazards and extra precautions must be taken to
recognize and overcome them.
(1~)
Whenever there are indications of an approaching electrical
storm all work on poles or work involving contact with
open wire, messenger strand, or cable conductors shall be
stopped immediately and not resumed until the storm has
passed.
3.15 Use of Dynamite
(a) l’he use or possession of dynamite or blasting caps is prohibited to all employees unless authorized by the Division
Plant
Superintendent.
( 1, ) Where blasting is done u n d e r the above special authority,
Bell System Practices shall be carefully reviewed prior to
starting the work.
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page 7
3.1
If--”
Page 8
3.16
(b)
Cc)
Cd)
(4
(0
(g>
(11)
(i)
Cj>
(lc)
Working
3.17
(a)
(1))
(Cl
from
Boats
and
Rafts
Rowboats, motorboats, rafts, canoes and barges or similar
craft shall not be used by employees in the performance of
their duties unless authorized by the Superintendent involved, and used under the direct supervision of the supervisor in charge.
Where boats -are used in normal activities, continuing authority may be granted by the Superintendent involved.
Experienced boatmen shall be secured when it is necessary
to use boats in swift currents, turbulent water, etc.
The clothing and shoes worn should be as light as practicable.
Employees working in boats shall be equipped with approved standard life preservers.
Life preservers shall be worn by employees in bloats except
when in the judgment of the supervisor it is impracticable.
Be alert at all times and anticipate movements of the boat,
apparatus or tools while working.
All heavy equipment and apparatus should be made secure
to the boat and a minimum number of tools carried on the
person of an employee.
Employees should be warned when it appears that the motion of the boat may be changed, such as from swells of a
passing boat.
H a z a r d s p e c u l i a r t o t h e v i c i n i t y , such a s s h a r k - i n f e s t e d
waters, swift treacherous currents, deep water, etc. may
necessitate special working precautions.
Provide a boat when working over deep water.
Strange
Animals-Insects-Poisonous
Snakes
While working on private property where a vicious dog is
present, arrange to have the animal chained or confined if
possible.
On farm land, take precautions against being molested by
livestock.
Many insect bites or stings cause irritation, swelling and
i n f l a m m a t i o n Infection frequently occurs.
1. Learn to recognize insects that are peculiar to the section in which you are working.
2. Be on the alert for wood-ticks, chiggers, spiders and
other stinging or biting insects. Apply only standard
remedial measures. Consult the First Aid Textbook for
care.
(I
u
((1)
The poisonous snakes of the United States are the coral
snake, rattlesnake, copper-head a nd cotton-mouth moccasin.
1. Learn to identify these snakes.
I.
7 Be on the alert when working in snake-infested regions.
3. About 7 5 % of snake bites are in the lower extremity.
Wear high-topped shoes, boots or he av y le gg in gs for
protection when working where snakes are known or
believed to exist.
3.18
(a?
Electrical
Fences
All electrical fences should be treated on the basis
structure is alive with a hazardous voltage.
that the
(b) Where it is necessary to work around this ty pe of fe nc e,
every effort shou ld be ma de to have the current turned off.
Otherwise contact should be avoided.
3.19
Wearing
Apparel
(a) All employees engaged in outside plant work shall wear
proper clothing as a protection against the sun, weather,
insects, poisonous plants, etc.
This includes shirts with sleeves rolled down, high s h o e s
and hats.
(c) Gloves should be used
3.2
AERIAL
PLANT
where required.
WORK
3.21 Power Hazards and Protective Devices - This section contains general precautions and safety directions to be followed while
working near any structure or equipment used for the transmission
of electricity for power or light.
(a) Plan and perform telephone work in the vicinity of power
structures o n the basis that any metallic part of the power
structure is alive with a dangerous voltage. In addition
to recognized power systems and parts of such systems this
includes :
1. 110 volt circuits.
2 , .Street lighting circuits.
3. Guys, trolley hangers, street lamp span wires and other
structures not normally energized.
4. Railroad signal circuits. (These may carry up to 5000
volts.)
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page 9
3.1-2
t0
faee
-
PRE-JOB
CHECKS
SHOWED
THIS
POLE
SHOULD
NOT BE
WORKED
DO YOU
SEE \MHY?
I
-
(1))
Avoid all contact, direct or indirect, with any metallic part
of the power system.
cc>
110 not ride past a power crossing in a cable car unless it is
definitely known it can he done without making contact with
the power leads. If there is any doubt ride up to the crossing from the pole on either side.
((1)
110 not climb power or railway poles or joint poles of other
communications companies where the power circuit is
located
under the telephone line.
(C)
H i g h v o l t a g e s m a y be s e t up i n t h e t e l e p h o n e p l a n t b y
l i g h t n i n g o r static discharges. e a r t h c u r r e n t s , A u r o r a
Borealis and by abnormal induction due to surges or
grounds on power systems. (See 3.21 (f) that follows).
If unusual shocks are experienced due to lightning, static,
or earth currents, work involving contact with wires should
be stopped immediately.
(g)
On lines subject to abnormal induction
equipment shall be used as required by :
special
protective
1. Standard instructions.
-.7 Field working specifications.
3. Any other special instructions relating to individual job
conditions.
( I1 )
Approved s p e c i a l p r o t e c t i v e e q u i p m e n t f u r n i s h e d b y t h e
Company include the following :
1. Rubber gloves.
-.7 Rubber blankets.
3. Rubber line hose.
(i)
\Vhenever
any changes in power lines or temporary protection of power lines are required, arrangements shall be
made to have all such work done by the power company.
In some cases it may be necessary for telephone employees
to cease all wire work while power company changes are
being made.
(j,
When a lineman is dispatched on trouble which appears to
involve contact between telephone and power wires, the
lineman will be so advised by the testboardman. The lineman shall not climb into the wires nor call in except from
a local telephone until the power condition has been corrected.
Outside Plant
Safety Code
P'z3.w 11
3.2
(k) Any employee observing or being informed of a dangerous
or unsatisfactory plant condition shall immediately report
same to the nearest testboard. The Chief Testboardman
shall take all possible means to warn all employees who
might be exposed to the dangerous condition.
(1)
Local telephone lines, which feed from or might affect our
line, should be covered for a distance of about 2 or 3 miles
back for power interference before work is done on the line
after storm breaks.
(m)
Linen tapes with interwoven metallic strands are dangerous to use in aerial lines or where they might come in contact with “live wires” and their use is prohibited.
(11)
Inspect any linen tapes you receive to make sure they do
not contain metal strands. In a new tape the metal strands
can be detected as dark lines by looking at a section of the
tape against a strong light.
(o) The use of steel measuring tapes aloft, that is, on poles or
fixtures, or in any other place where there is danger of
contact with a “live” w i r e o r t h i r d r a i l i s s t r i c t l y p r o hibited.
(1,) S E E S E C T I O N 3 . 2 - O P E N W I R E .4ND
3.22
(a)
STRAND.
Rescue and Removal-Aerial Plant
Bell System Practice G10.210 describes in detail the procedure for removing an unconscious employee from a pole.
(I,) B e l l S y s t e m P r a c t i c e G10.211
describes in detail the procedure for rescuing a person from live power wires on the
ground.
3.23 Tree and Brush Cutting-Most of the injuries
tree work or trimming operations are caused by :
1. Breaking and falling limbs.
2. Improper climbing and working methods.
3. Swinging branches or underbrush.
received
in
(a) See that there is ample swinging room when using axes
and bush hooks.
(1))
Be careful that twigs and small branches do not injure
your face or eyes. Wear goggles when necessary.
cc) W h e n f e l l i n g a t r e e i n c l o s e q u a r t e r s , g u y i t s o t h a t i t
must fall the right way.
(d)
Whcn felling trecs tltc rvorktrtetr sltoulcl, rvlterc practicable,
be scattered.
(c)
If men must work close together. each shall lrc responsible
for seeing that all otl-rer rvorknretr and b1'standers retire to
a safe clistance before he completes a felling.
'I-rces
shall be clinrbccl cither rvith latlclcrs or llv the rope
NOT RIi
scat ntethod. Stanclard pole clinrbers SHAi-L
USED.
(f)
w
\\,'hen rvorking aloft in trees:
(s)
1. Use the rope sling, the rope seat, or a ladder lashed to
the tree trunk or large limbs.
2. Use a saw or tree tritutuers.
3. Be sttre that a limb is strottg etrt-rttgltfor supl>ort bcfore
yr-rur weight is applied.
4. Look out for cleacllimbs.
5. hr cutting off a lirnb tnake certain that no one rvill be
struck tro nratter hc-rwa limb swings or {alls rvheu cut
free.
6. If use is ntade of a laslrecl laclder, the employee must be
secured to it.
Three ropes (butt rope, top rope, and guide rope) shall be
tused rvhen lorvering large limbs or sections of the trunk.
(h)
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page
13
3.2
(i)
(j
Watch
)
for poison ivy. (See Section 3.13).
Place any necessary barricades
ways. (See Section 3.12) s
when
working
along
high-
(k)
Avoid contact with or damaging any part of a foreign line
which may be in or near the tree.
(1)
Use extreme caution in burning brush, particularly
kerosene is used to start green brush afire.
(111)
SEE SECTION
GUARDS.
3.43 - SHARP
when
EDGED TOOLS AND
3.24 Poles-A number of accidents have occurred in connection with pole line work. All employees shall be thoroughly
familiar with precautions in doing t h i s k i n d o f w o r k a s c o v e r e d
here and in Bell System Practices.
Before climbing any pole make sure that it is in safe condition, otherwise place temporary guys.
Test each pole before climbing unless it carries after and
during the work in progress any of the following:
1. One or more messengers attached not more than 10 feet
below the top and not having excessive down-pull.
2. Ten or more line wires 104 gauge or larger attached to
poles 35 feet or shorter, and which will remain in place
during the course of work on the pole.
3. Four-way storm guys.
Test each pole before climbing if it:
1. Does not carry a load such as in (1)) above.
2. Has excessive up-pull.
3. Has excessive down-pull.
4. Appears in any way questionable.
.i . Is adjacent to a span of 250 feet or more.
T h e pike pole test should be used where practicable. Tn
cases where t h e p o l e s h o u l d be t e s t e d but t h e p i k e p o l e
method cannot be applied, such as at corners, properly guy
the pole.
Jointly used poles carrying power circuits shall not be given
the pike pole test.
Avoid standing on a crossarm, but if it is necessary, make
sure it will support you.
-
_PrKEE,
'TestPiKe
8to12ftf rumGround
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tl'
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f
Outcide
Safety Code
Page 15
J"ni
}:;)ii
G",u'{
':,4 o,tn",,*{':-*"'
Plant
3.2
P a c e7 6
r
(o)
If necessary to stand on a crossarm do rrot stand further
fronr the pole than the point where the brace is attached.
'fhen,
as an aclded precaution, place safety strap around
the arm above betrveen the pole and brace.
(h)
NIIVtrR
trust your rveight to pir.rs or crossarm braces.
l
i ELECTRIC
FATAL ACCIDENT S
in the
B E L LS Y S T E M
Sce Scction 3.2-Aerial Plant I,V'ork
snll TO
H?5ilJ*
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page
19
3.2
Paee zo
/
3.25
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Open Wire and Strand
Placing and removing open wire or strand is subject to
three particular hazards which are:
1. Contacts with power wires.
2. Broken poles resulting from unbalanced loads.
3. Flying ends.
Every metallic part of a power structure sha'Il be considered alive with a dangerousvoltage. (See Section 3.21).
Placing and dismantling operations should be planned so
that adequateclearance with any metallic part of a structure shall be maintained at all times.
Do not depend upon the insulation of power wires-regard
them as bare wires and dangerous.
Do not climb poles or structures of non-associatedcompanies if such poles or structures carry power or lighting
circuits.
All rope used near power structures shall be dry and free
of metallic strands. (The sketches following illustrate 4
uses of rope as a protective device.)
t*"'",n'{lJh,T;t"0"*"t"':tlT,ll,;to'."*""'
F-
2 ---f.-
4'---f-
4'---l+-
4 --'F-
4'----++-
?{
Handlineor other
suitableRope
2 Hall Hitches
2 Halt Hitches
lf crossarmls not available,
make this attachment
to the pole
Handlineor other
suitableRope
Outside
Safety Code
Page 2l
Plant
3.2
Pase 22
/
Handlineor other
suitable.Rope
Take'HalfHitcharoundCrossarm
here if desirable
2 Half Hitches
(Rorno
rurn and
2 HalfHitches
(g)
(h)
(i)
Wear rubber gloves when handling rope or wire near
power crosslngs.
Remember that a crossing having standard clearance does
not guarantee safety duiing wire stringing or removing
operalions. There is- frequently danger of untied-or broken
rvires flipping into the power wires unless special precautions are taken.
When dismantling in sections near power crossings always
remove open wirE or strand at the crossing first. Similar
precautionsare necessaryat highway and railroad crossings.
(j )
Where practicable, a handline being carried aloft shall be
securely coiled and the coil looped over the pliers or some
other tool in the body belt.
(k) When in use the end of the handline shall be attached to
the pole or crossarm and not to the body belt. The free
end shall be kept clear of traffic or moving objects.
(l) In dismantling make sure that the pole you are on and
adjacentpoles will stand or are properly guyed. (See Section 3.24).
(m) Never remove the wires from a terminal pole without first
adding temporary guys.
3.26 Aerial Cable Placing and Splicing-Reels of cable now in
common use weigh up to 6 tons and many load coil cases weigh
more than I ton. Thev should be handled with care at all times.
FO TI
vc'url
PFTOTECTION
irsel
THE'n i
Outside Plant
3"2
Paee 24
f
-
Lash,Ladder And, Gtry Platf ornr, Before Starting Worh
( c ) In unloading cable or loading coil cases from f r e i g h t c a r s ,
tal<e every precautiou against the possibility of the car
moving while the unloading is going on.
( d ) When transporting cable reels by truck make certain they
are securely anchorecl in position so that they c a n n o t r o l l ,
tip, or break loose.
I
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(i )
(k)
(l)
(m)
Place ond, Block Cable Reels Properly
Spotted ",able reels shall be properly placed and blocked to
prevent them from rolling or tipping.
When cable reels or loading casesare placed on snow or
f.rozen.ground, protect them from tipping or rolling over
lvhen the snow melts or the frost thaws out.
When setting up a reel of cable do not use steel .lags to
constructa baseon which to set the jack.
f'xercise.care.to preve't injury when removing steel lags
from cable reel.
pulling
Whg" placed cable up steepgrades make sure the grip is
tirmly
so the cable will not run back. It mav be
necessaryto use a core hitch on extremely steep gradei.
-Wg"t gloves when handling winch line to avoid cuts fro,m
broken strands.
Keep hands off winch while it is in motion under load.
Never straddle a winch rope.
and associated ropes ancJ
-usingFplicers shall inspect platforms
hooks each time before
They shalr t. putt.J'rp i"io
place by means of the standard airial hand'line.- Db not
try to carry them up ladder.
Outside
Safety Code
Page 26
Plant
3.2
Page
26
(4
(0)
(Y>
(z>
3.27
(4
(b)
Make sure that platforms are properly supported and guyed
before starting work. Keep entrances from ladder to platform clear.
It is necessary that paraffin be frequently removed from
platforms to prevent them from becoming slippery. Keep
all loose tools off platform and in proper containers.
In getting on or off platforms use ladder. Don’t slide down
ropes.
Get down from aerial platforms during electrical storms.
Goggles shall be worn if the carbon electrode method of
repairing aerial cable is used.
Make sure that proper warning signs and guards are in
place before any operation is started. (See Section 3.12).
Aerial tent heaters must not be operated:
1. If unattended.
2. With the wick in contact with the flame spreader.
3. In tent where heated paraffin is being used.
Keep lighted torch or furnace far enough away from messenger strand to avoid heating or annealing the strand.
Always secure tent flaps so that they cannot come in contact with an open flame.
Keep children and bystanders at a safe distance.
In climbing over fences, trees o r o t h e r o b s t r u c t i o n s , o r
walking over right-of-way, use particular caution to avoid
tripping or stumbling while carrying material.
S E E S E C T I O N 3.42-LADDERS,
PLATFORMS AND
CABLE CARS.
SEE SECTION 3.3-UNDERGROUND CABLE
PLACING AND SPLICING.
Radiotelephone
Transmitting
Antennas
Warning signs shall be hung at all antenna transmission
line grounding switches, or as close thereto as possible.
The ground-switch must be operated whenever work is
done on any part of the antenna system-including selector
switches associated with the switch. The sign shall be approximately 7” x 10” with the wording :
WARNING
OPERATE GROUND SWITCH
IN CONNECTION WITH
ANTENNA SYSTEM MAINTENANCE
Avoid contact with radio frequency voltages to safeguard
against a serious burn or an involuntary movement which
in turn may cause a fall or other accident.
(c)
Engineering advice and special arrangements shall be made
before performing work when unusual antenna conditions
such as ineffective static drains, no grounding switch, etc.
are encountered.
(d) Before any work operations are performed on an antenna
system, an employee shall :
1 . Know the antenna and antenna switching arrangements.
3Y. M a k e c e r t a i n t h a t t h e s y s t e m i s i s o l a t e d f r o m A L L
transmitters and cannot be reconnected except under his
personal control.
3 . Inspect the antenna system for hazards and make certain that conductors of other systems are not within the
working space.
4 . Make a “buzz stick” test for induced radio frequency
voltages AT THE POINT WHERE WORK IS TO
BE DONE.
5 . Grounds, shorts, or other protective devices, should be
applied to eliminate such voltages as may exist at the
point of work.
6 . Assume and maintain a safe working position.
3.3
UNDERGROUND
AND
BURIED
PLANT
WORK
3.31 Tests Before Entering Manholes-The Bell System Practices give complete instructions for testing all types of gas conditions in manholes. These instructions shall be observed by employees.
(4
Every manhole to be entered for the first time during the
day or reopened after having been closed during the day
shall be tested.
0)
If the test indicates gas, ventilate the manhole 10 minutes
and test again. If gas is still indicated blower ventilation
must be provided continuously until the work operation is
completed.
(4
When using a blower to ventilate a manhole do not assign
men to work in adjacent unventilated manholes since gas
may be forced through the conduit.
Cd)
A heater shall be used for the carbon monoxide detector
ampoule if the temperature inside the manhole is 40” F or
lower.
(4
Do not lower the suction gas indicator into a manhole-an
explosion might result.
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page 27
3.2-3
z6
7
.ra se
3.32 Rescue and Removal From Manholes
( a ) Bell System Practices G10.209describes in detail the orocedure for removing an unconscious employee from a rianhole.
3.33 _ Removing
nemovlng and
anc Replacing
x,eptacmg Manhole
ryIanhote Covers
Lovers
( a ) Before opening a manhole p_lacesuitable warning- devices
or barricades as reqlrired. (-See
(See Section 3.12i.
3.lZ).
'in
( b ) Bel.l System Practice G10.220.1 describes
detail the
methods to be followed in removing and replacing manhole
MANHOLES
Protect hond,s
(b)
Where practicable, two men shall be assigned to remove a
manhole cover.
cc>
Stand facing trafhc w h e n r e m o v i n g a m a n h o l e c o v e r t o
avoid the possibility of suddenly backing into a moving
vehicle.
Cd)
In general, one man may replace the manhole cover but
where conditions require the services of two men, their
efforts should be properly coordinated.
U n d e r g r o u n d Cable Placing and Splicing
Cc)
Cd)
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page 29
3.3
Page 30
3. Tent heaters shall not be permitted in manholes.
4. Use only electric lights of a type having a wire guard
and no switch inside the manhole.
5. When using electric soldering coppers, the switch shall
be located outside of the manholes.
6. Test sets which may emit sparks shall not be placed in
manholes.
7. No smoking shall be permitted inside or in the immediate vicinity of the manhole.
(11)
If, when pulling cable, the winch line tension becomes abnormally high, further pulling shall be done cautiously and
the workmen shall leave the manhole if practicable.
(i>
(j>
Always use a ladder for entering or leaving a manhole.
(k)
B e f o r e passing hot lead or paraffin, remove the ladle and
pass it as a separate operation.
(1)
Manhole g u a r d s shall be used whenever practicable to keep
unauthorized persons from the vicinity of an open manhole.
(4
Separate pot hooks shall be used for paraffin and solder
pots to avoid the possibility of paraffin falling into molten
solder and igniting.
(4
Care s h a l l b e t a k e n i n h a n d l i n g a n d p a s s i n g s o l d e r a n d
paraffin pots so that no water will come in contact with the
heated contents or container.
(0)
Before using catch pans, paraffin troughs, solder or paraffin
ladles? etc. they should be heated to remove moisture and
to bring them to a temperature near that of the solder or
paraffin.
(PI
When leaving a manhole the cover of which is normally
buried below the surface of the ground, replace the cover,
restore the ground surface and tamp it thoroughly so as
not to present an obstruction to traffic, or display a red flag
or lighted lantern to warn the Public.
(cl)
Place hot ladles, soldering coppers, paraffin or solder where
there will be no likelihood of burning anyone.
G-1
If paraffin should get on fire, smother the flames with lid,
blanket, sand or dirt. Do not use Pyrene or water as these
will scatter the flames and not quench them.
Before lowering or raising tools or material in the manhole, notify the man working below and receive an acknowledgment to proceed.
(s)
Don’t test the temperature of a soldering copper by holding it alongside of your face.
(t) Don’t flick solder from the soldering copper. Use a cloth.
(u) S E E S E C T I O N 3.26 - AERIAL CABLE PLACING
AND
SPLICING.
3.35 Conduit Construction and Rearrangements
P l a c e a p p r o p r i a t e w a r n i n g signs and barricades before
starting conduit work. (See Section 3.12).
Loosen boulders only from a position above. See that no
one is below.
Keep your feet well in the clear of air hammers.
Wear goggles when using air hammers and drills.
3 . 3 6 S h o r i n g Excavations--It is not practicable to give speshoring.
cific rules for determining when an excavation requires
Local conditions and experience are of major importance in making the decision.
(a
j
All factors shall be considered of which the following are
listed as an aid toward determining the proper action:
1. Study the condition of the soil to determine if it is
uniformly hard from top to bottom. Consider how it
will hold after a heavy rain.
” As the digging progresses watch for signs of crumbling
that may result in a “cave-in.”
3. If there is any vibration sucli a s f r o m street c a r s o r
heavy traffic, shoring may be required.
4 . A h e a v y weight such a s a t r a c t o r o r a r e e l o f c a b l e
placed near the edge of the trench may dislodge the side
walls.
5. T r e n c h e s dug in frozen g r o u n d may crumble if a thaw
occurs.
6. The slope of the wall is a determining factor in placing
shoring.
u.
(b)
Place shoring wherever there is the least doubt about the
holding quality of a wall.
(c) Screw jacks should be u s e d i f p r a c t i c a b l e o n a l l s h o r i n g
work.
(d)
Properly
brace
all
shoring.
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page 31
3
.
3
(e>
When removing shoring the following precautions shall be
observed :
1. Proceed cautiously.
2. Work from above.
3. Back-fill promptly.
(0
(g>
Abandon shoring in place if necessary to be safe.
Carry on the excavation of a manhole or trench within a
barricade wherever necessary to protect employees, the
public or livestock. This barricade should carry red flags
by day and lighted red lanterns by night placed far enough
a p a r t t o a v o i d t h e e f f e c t of a blur and be individually
distinct.
3.37 Buried Cable---Buried cable placing involves the use of
heavy equipment such as tractors, trailers and plows not commonly
used in other phases of telephone work. Each job shall be planned
carefully and all employees shall use care to perform their work
safely.
(4
Employees shall be familiar with all sections of this Code
and with other standard instructions.
6)
Special supervision and training shall be given to employees
engaged in this work.
cc>
Tractors shall be operated only by authorized drivers.
(cl)
Tractor drivers should shield themselves behind the heavy
wire screens placed behind the seat. This is to protect them
from flying objects resulting from broken winch lines, etc.
Employees should be warned against getting in front or
behind tractor equipment while it is standing. If it is necessary to get in such positions. the tractor drivers attention
must be called to their presence in order that he will not
start the equipment while they are in a dangerous position.
They must cooperate with the driver in connection with
their movements so he will know they are in the clear.
One more authorized driver than the number of tractors
shall be provided in planning jobs requiring two or more
tractors.
When tractors have to be maneuvered through woods the
driver shall wear goggles and watch out for branches
whipping back.
K e e p all s p e c t a t o r s a t a s a f e distance
tions.
f r o m w o r k opera-
Frequent inspections should be made of all winch lines to
insure their being in good condition. Eyes in winch lines
used with heavy dutv winches shall be properly prepared as
covered by standard-instructions.
Trailer tongues shall be raised by means of a winch line
or suitable jack.
No employee shall get on or off any part of the train while
it is in motion except in emergencies.
No person shall be allowed to walk between any two units
of the train when it is in motion nor make a last minute
adjustment after the “all clear” signal has been given.
Never walk so close to the equipment that an involuntary
movement will place you into the path
of a moving tractor
or trailer.
Stay at sufficient distance from the rooter plow when in
operation since obstructions may cause it to overturn.
A s u i t a b l e p l a t f o r m with handrails shall be provided on
the plow train for employees who are required to ride the
train during plowing operations. The platform provided is
the only place on the plow train, other than the tractors,
where employees are permitted to ride. Employees should
not be permitted to ride on the platform if the ground
contour is such that there is any possibility that the plow
or trailer might upset.
When anchoring cable and if circumstances permit, thread
the plow share with suitable rope, wire or small winch line
before the plow is run over the starting trench.
In transferring reels from the auxiliary loading trailer to
the winch loading trailer, employees shall not get between
the trailer, or stand where they might be injured if any
part of this equipment breaks or gives way.
K e e p c l e a r o f t h e t r a i l e r when
mechanism is operated.
t h e winch loading arm
A metal bar, hook or short wrecking bar shall be used in
operating the spindle latches and in placing or releasing
the track lock on the trailers.
At least two
men shall be assigned to lift a reel spindle.
Due to noise of the operating machinery, and the possibility of considerable separation between the individual
units of a train, the system of approved visual or sound
signals shall be used as covered in standard instructions.
Safety Code
P a g e 33
Outside Plant
3.3
If sound signals are used the signaling device shall be:
1. Loud enough to be heard over the noise of the machinery.
2. Distinctive enough to avoid confusion with other sounds.
3. Arranged so that it may be
safely operated.
All signals shall be given as follows :
1. In general all signals shall be given by the man in
charge of the train.
3. Only the man in c h a r g e of the train shall give the signal
to start.
3. Before giving the signal to start the man in charge of
the train shall make sure that all employees are clear
of the train.
4.
In an emergency any employee may give a signal to
stop.
(x> All employees shall be familiar with the approved signals.
(Y)
Where plows are equipped with pneumatic tires, employees
should not stand opposite the tires when the plow share is
b e i n g raised because of the danger of blow outs due to
increased
pressure.
(z>
When it is necessary to dig pits or trenches in order to
start the cable through the plow, an anchor line can be
passed back under the trailer to an anchorage point behind,
without men being under the loaded trailer. Under no conditions are employees to go under equipment unnecessarily
and none are to remain in pits when the equipment is in
motion. The man in charge should make absolutely certain
that all men are out of the pits and are in the clear before
he gives the signal to proceed.
3.38 Coaxial Cable Splicing
(a) The ends of the metal tapes around the coaxial tubes are
very sharp. To protect the hands the ends of these tapes
should be covered with several turns of scotch tape or other
protective material.
(b) In releasing these tapes use the scissors not the fingers.
(c) Avoid being struck by short lengths of inner conductors and
corners of the metal tapes during preparation of the coaxials
for splicing.
3.39 Coaxial Cable Testing
(a) Before proceeding with any coaxial cable testing work the
employee must become thoroughly familiar with all the
testing procedures outlined in Bell System Practices 71.1872
and 74.440. This is necessary because of the dangerous high
voltages used in this work.
(b)
3.4
Coaxial and control pairs in service shall be opened only
after receiving specific instructions from the controlling
testboard.
TOOLS AND STORAGE-SEE
-CENTRAL
OFFICES
SECTION
4.6
-
TOOLS
3.41 B o d y T o o l s
(a) Body Belts and Safety Straps
1. Body belts shall be of correct size to fit the employee.
2. B o d y b e l t s a n d s a f e t y s t r a p s s h a l l b e e x a m i n e d e a c h
time before they are used.
.3. A DETAILED inspection of these tools shall be made
at least once a week.
-J.
-Any defective body belt or safety strap shall be removed
from service at once.
C.i The supervisor shall see
made at proper intervals.
that
thorough
inspections
are
0. The safety strap shall be placed around the pole so that
it rests flat against the surface without turns and twists.
i. E M P L O Y E E S S H A L L N E V E R R E L Y O N T H E
CLlCK O F T H E K E E P E R I N T H E S N A P - H O O K
WHEN A T T A C H I N G A S A F E T Y S T R A P T O A
D E E RING AS INDICATION THAT THE FASTENING IS SECURE: IN ALL CASES WORKMEN
SHALL LOOK TO MAKE SURE THAT THE
SNAP HOOK AND DEE RING ARE PROPERLY
ENGAGED BEFORE THE WEIGHT OF THE
BODY IS PLACED ON THE STRAP.
8. The keeper of the snap hook on a safety strap shall
face away from the body when engaged in the Dee ring.
0. B o t h s n a p h o o k s s h a l l N O T b e a t t a c h e d t o t h e s a m e
D e e r i n g w h e n a s a f e t y s t r a p i s i n u s e , except when
working on a platform
Safety Code
Page 35
Outside
Plant
3.3-4
10.
Improvised substitutes of rope, wire, etc., shall never be
used for safety straps or body belts.
11.
When a ladder has been made secure to suspension
strand, tree trunks, large limbs or other supports, a
workman should increase his safety by placing his lineman’s safety strap around one rung, or between two
rungs and around one side rail of the ladder. This does
not preclude the use of a rope sling or rope seat in lieu
of the body belt and safety strap.
1 3 . When not in use both ends of a safety strap shall be
snapped into the same Dee ring.
13.
When ascending or descending care shall be exercised
to see that the safety strap does not catch on pole steps,
etc.
14.
The end of the belt shall not extend into the Dee ring.
Cut it back when necessary.
15
The end of the belt when in use shall always be placed
in its keeper.
16.
Safety straps shall never be used as a means of riding
suspension
strand.
17.
The body belt or safety strap shall not be used to assist
in piking poles.
18.
Make sure that safety strap is not placed so that it can
slip over the top of a pole.
19.
Avoid climbing past a fellow employee on a pole but if
it is necessary special care should be exercised to prevent striking him or his safety strap with gaffs.
20.
The body belt shall never be unbuckled while aloft.
1. Rope slings shall be looped around limbs sufficiently
strong to support the weight of the man and care shall
be taken that the snaps are securely fastened.
2. Rope slings shall not be used as a substitute for safety
straps on regular pole work.
3. The inspection of rope slings is similar to that described
for safety straps. [See (a) above].
4. Slings showing signs of weakness at any time shall not
be used.
-
( c ) Climbers
1. Climbers shall be selected so as to fit the employee
properly.
3 Climbers shall be examined each time they are used.
L.
3. A DETAILED inspection of climbers shall be made at
least once each week when in daily use.
3.
Climbers having any indication of weakness shall not
be used. Mark them “defective” at once and dispose of
as soon as possible.
5. Climber straps shall be carefully inspected to determine
the condition of the leather and shall not be used if
they are in an unsafe condition.
6. The points of climber gaffs shall be kept sharp to insure
a safe grip, when climbing or working on poles.
7. ,4 file only shall be used for sharpening gaffs.
8. Straps for affixing the climber to the foot shall be worn
on the OUTSIDE of the leg iron.
9. The ends of all straps shall be placed in keepers when
in use.
10. The inspection of climbers and straps and the sharpening and measurement of climber gaffs shall be done in
accordance with standard instructions.
3.42 Ladders, Platforms and Cable Cars
(a) Extension Ladders
1 . Ladders shall be inspected visually for defects each time
before using.
L.3 A complete inspection f o r s t r e n g t h r e d u c i n g d e f e c t s
shall be made each week in accordance with standard
instructions.
.? . The use of defective ladders is prohibited.
-I.
When used for aerial work, ladders shall be lashed in
the standard manner.
5.
A ladder of sufficient length should always be selected
for the work to be done. It is desirable that the ladder
be long enough so that the work can be performed from
at least the fourth rung from the top.
Painted ladders are prohibited. Use only clear varnish
or shellac for finishing.
6.
Outside Plant
Safety Code
P a g e 37
3.4
7. Place the foot of the ladder on the ground or other
stlpport so that the distance from the base of the ladder
to a line dropped vertically from the top support is approximately one-fourth of the length of the ladder
measured from the top support to the bottom support.
S. When working on an extension ladder that has been
securely fastened, the employee must secure himself
to the ladder using body belt and safety strap or rope
sling.
9. Ladders shall he kept free from dirt, paraffin, etc.
10.
Ladders shall be properly secured
trucks or other motor vehicles.
when
transported
on
11. When ladders must be used in l o c a t i o n s w h e r e t h e r e
is a possibility of interference from traffic of any sort,
an employee shall be assigned to act as guard.
12. Employees shall always face the ladder in ascending or
descending.
13. Ladders shall not be ascended or descended without free
use of both hands.
14. Make sure the ladder locks are engaged before ascending. When climbing by the locks always inspect them
before you pass.
15. Never “walk” a ladder; get off and move it.
(b) A e r i a l P l a t f o r m s
1. Splicers’ platforms shall be kept clean and free from
defective parts.
2. Platform guy ropes shall be arranged in a fixed posit i o n s o a s t o r e d u c e t h e p o s s i b i l i t y of a c c i d e n t t o a
minimum.
3. Knots and fastenings shall be secured in a manner to
avoid slipping or interference from sources such as
passing vehicles or pedestrians.
3. Two men and their equipment shall be the maximum
load placed on one unit consisting of a platform and one
ladder.
5. Guy ropes shall not be attached to fire plugs, or movable objects such as motor vehicles.
6. If left unattended day or night, the guy ropes shall be
attached high enough to he out of reach of children and
unauthorized
persons.
7. Loops and ends of excess rope shall be securely fastened.
8.
Tools or equipment shall not be left on platforms over
night.
9 . The correct method of inspecting suspension strand before placing and guying splicers’ platforms shall be followed as covered in standard instructions.
1 0 . W h e n t h e n a t u r e o f the work requires it, additional
safety for the workman should be provided by wearing
the standard body belt and safety strap with the strap
around the strand and cable.
(c) Cable Cars
1. Only approved cable cars shall be used for riding suspension strand.
2. Cable cars shall not be used without cable car straps
properly secured to the body belt and cable car.
3. ‘4 careful inspection of the cable car shall be made each
time before it is used.
4. Only cable cars in good condition shall be used.
5. When entering or leaving a cable car and when passing
a pole, a lineman’s safety strap shall be used.
6. When riding rusty strand, goggles shall be worn.
7. Use hand line to control the movement of the cable car
when riding strand on steep grades.
3.43 Sharp Edged Tools and Guards
(a)
Sharp edged and pointed tools shall be kept
guards or racks at all times when not in use.
in
approved
(b) Such tools shall be stored, transported and handled so that
they do not cause personal injury.
[c) P r o p e r t ools1 should be used and the correct tool selected
and used for the particular cutting job to be done.
1. Bush hooks are used to cut all underbrush and small
trees up to about one inch in diameter.
2. Axes are for trees from one inch to six inches in diameter, depending upon cutting conditions.
3. Crosscut saws are used to cut all trees larger than six
inches in diameter and for smaller ones when cutting
conditions make the use of an axe inadvisable.
(d) Always use the safe carrying procedure when carrying tools
to and from the job.
1. Guards should be left on tools to be carried.
2. Axes and bush hooks are carried with the hand close up
to the head of the axe or brush hook.
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page 39
3.4
/
Pase to
(e)
(f)
Leazte Guaril's on Tools to be carried
3. Take special precautions to'avoid stumbling.
4. tfse care in passing tools from one to another.
Know and use the correct, safe method for the tool you
are using.
1. Du{l tools are dangerous. Keep axes, bush hooks and
saws prop€rly sharpened.
2. Watch out for cracked or dried out handles.
3. Remove vines and low hanging limbs which might catch
axes or bush hooks.
4. Be sure footing is firm and feet are well braced and
apart.
5. Never cut toward feet.
6. Trees should be notched properly.
7. Clear brush, vines, etc. away from the base of the tree
to be felled to allow safe getaway.
8. One man should be assigned to remove the saw when
the tree starts to fall.
When using sharp edged or pointed tools in close quarters
be cireful of yourself and fellow workmen. Never sland in
front of or in line with the swing of an axe.
(g) See that defective tools are removed from service, and
either repaired promptly or disposed of.
3.44 Safety Goggles
(a) Safety goggles shall be worn by all employees who are doing work in which chips, dust or other flying particles may
strike the eyes.
(b) Examples of such operations where goggles should be
worn are :
1. Chipping operation.
2. Drilling of hard materials such as rock, concrete and
metal.
3. Using emery wheels for grinding.
4. During sand or dust storms or where serious dust conditions are created by the equipment used.
5. Working under motor vehicles.
G. When cutting winch lines.
7. Any operation involving heavy striking such as hand
drilling in rock.
8. When pneumatic hammers or other air pressure equipment is used.
9. When handling molten metal and other heated liquids.
3.45 Furnaces and Torches
( a ) When starting a portable gasoline or kerosene furnace when
the burner is cold:
1. Do not have excessive pressure.
2. Open hand valve slightly so that fuel will fall back in
drip cup.
3. Close hand valve when the drip cup contains the proper
amount of preheating fuel.
4. Do not permit fuel to overflow on the tank.
5 . I g n i t e f u e l i n the drip cup with t h e d o o r s o f the f u r nace open.
0. W h e n b u r n e r i s sufficiently p r e h e a t e d o p e n t h e h a n d
valve to desired position.
(1~) W h e n s t a r t i n g a p o r t a b l e g a s o l i n e o r k e r o s e n e f u r n a c e
when the burner is warm :
1. Pour preheating fuel directly into drip cup.
2. Ignite the fuel in the drip cup with the doors open.
3. When the burner is sufficiently heated open the hand
valve to the desired position.
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page 41
3.4
(c>
Cd)
(i>
(9
(k)
(1)
Precaution shall be taken to prevent children or other persons from coming in contact with furnaces in operation.
In use the furnace shall be placed 10 feet from the manhole
opening on the down grade side in order that the hot material will not run into the manhole should it be upset.
Heat all materials to proper temperature-Use thermometer
where
required.
Place furnaces level on a secure footing to prevent tipping
or upsetting.
Standard folding windshields should be used for protection.
Before refilling a furnace the flames should be extinguished.
Use a funnel to fill and be careful that no fuel spills or
overflows.
When a furnace is not in use the air pressure shall be released.
When preparing a furnace for storage or for shipment by
common carrier the fuel shall be removed.
Pots and kettles shall be removed from the furnace before
pumping air or making any other adjustment.
Furnaces shall never be taken into manholes.
3.46 Ropes, Knots and Hitches
(a) All rope shall be inspected in accordance with standard
instructions.
(b) The strength of manila rope is shown in the following
table :
Diameter
Inches
Breaking
Strength
New Rope
Safe
New
Rope
Load
Rope Used Six Mnts.-Avg.
200 Ibs.
1 0 0 Ibs.
400 lbs.
200 lbs.
2450 lbs
700 lbs.
400 Ibs.
4000 lbs.
1 1 0 0 lbs.
6 5 0 lbs.
1 4 0 0 lbs.
750 lbs.
4900 lbs.
8200 lbs.
2300 Ibs.
1 2 5 0 lbs.
1 2 5 0 0 lbs.
3000 lbs.
1 8 0 0 lbs.
5000 lbs.
2 8 0 0 lbs.
17500 lbs.
Sisal rope of equal size is approximately 75 per cent as
strong as manila rope as shown in the above table.
700 lbs.
1 4 5 0 lbs.
(cl
Cd)
There is no satisfactory way for field forces to distinguish
sisal rope from manila rope, particularly after it has been
in use. Therefore, unless the type of rope is definitely
known, NEVER EXCEED THE SAFE WORKING
LOAD OF SISAL ROPE.
(e)
Rope splicecl as clescribed in Bell System Practices has
about 80 per cent of ncrtnal strength of unspliced rope.
(f)
Rope rvhich inclucles a kuot under teusion has about 60
per cent of strength rvithout knots since the ber-rd in the
iope places most of tl-re tensiott on the outsicle fibers'
(g)
Als'ays use goc-rclropc for lashing snatch lllocks ancl tackle
blocks.
(h)
The types of ktrots tnost f requently usecl in telephone
work aie showtr below. \'[ake sttre tltat yotl tlse the rigl-rt
knot for the job at hand.
1. Bowline knot provides a loop rvhich will not slip or
tighten under load and is easy to untie.
Rozt,linc I{ttot
2. Bowline on
are fast.
bight is used where both ends of the rope
Bozulirtc on a Bight
Outside Plant
Safety Code
Page
48
3.4
a
The running bowline is excellent rvhere a slidine noose
is recluired.
1. IIalf hitch is shorvn for illustratiou only anrl is rrot safc
to use alone. Alu'ays ntal<eat lcast trvo lralI lritchcs,
u l r i c l r i s s o r r r e t i m e sk n o u ' n a s a c l o v c l r i t c l r .
LIalf Flitclt
5 . Rouncl turn anrl trvo half hitcl-rcs are r u s e dt o s n u b p u l l
oll a rope. I l x t r a t u r n a r o u n c l s u p p o r t i n c r e a s e s h o l d i n g
po\\'er.
Jiortncl Turn ttnd
'['u,o
Halt' Hitches
6. Running knot or slip noose is used when rope must fit
tightly aronnd the object to be lifted. If the load is
heavy, add one or two half hitches to make sure knot
will not slip.
Run;ing Knot
7. Timber hitch is suitable for raising an object short
distanceswhere use will be brief.
Tinfuer Hitclt
squareknot is used to tie together two ropes of the
same size. It will not slip and is easy to untie.
'I'he
Squarc l(not
Outside
Safety Code
Page
45
Plant
3.4
k’agc 4 b
Storerooms
Materials or boxes in storerooms whether placed on platforms, shelves, or on the floor shall be neatly arranged,
clear of aisles and passageways a n d i n s u c h o r d e r a s t o
avoid falling.
Sharp or pointed tools or materials shall be stored so as
to prevent persons from striking them.
Wear gloves and use care when handling sharp items such
as broken
insulators, junk wire or strand.
Guy rods, guy shields, digging bars, nitrogen cylinders and
similar long items shall preferably be stored flat. lf this
is not practicable, they may
be s t o r e d vertically if tied to
the wall so that they cannot fall.
Cable reels, whether in storeyards or on the job, shall be
securely blocked and lashed if necessary so that they will
not roll, tilt or fall. Whenever conditions indicate it to be
desirable empty cable reels should he upset to prevent their
movement by unauthorized persons.
Where practicable use power equipment or proper tools to
move heavy objects.
If necessary to lift by hand sufficient help to avoid strains
should be obtained.
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