ENGAGING STRATEGICALLY
WITH
NON-STATE ACTORS IN NEW AID
MODALITIES
SESSION 1
Why this Focus on Non-State Actors in
Budget Support and SPSPs?
Brussels, 11 May 2011
EuropeAid
Purpose of this session



Introduce a topic and a publication that
seek to contribute to more effective aid
Answer the question why it is relevant to
focus on more strategic engagement with
NSAs when applying New Aid Modalities
Kick-start a seminar that will help enrich
the tools and get a better feel of what is
useful
EuropeAid
Structure of this session
A.
B.
C.
EuropeAid
The new Reference Document
The added value to and fit with other
EC/EU policies and agendas?
What is the basic perspective of the
strategic and operational guidance you can
find in this document?
A. Content of the new
reference document
EuropeAid
Key question it seeks to answer: How
can the EC
o
engage strategically and
operationally
o
with both the state and non-state
actors
o
on various development related
issues
o
when it provides Budget Support
o
or engages in Sector Policy Support
Programmes?
B. Where is the fit with other
EC/EU policies or agendas?
EuropeAid
1. Making aid
more effective
2. Making aid
more
participatory
3. Improving
knowledge of
state-society
relations
5
EuropeAid
1. Making aid more effective
6
1. More effective
aid and New Aid Modalities
EuropeAid
• EC and other donors look for ways to make their aid more
effective
• These efforts include among other things ways to:
o Align behind country policies (if these reduce poverty)
o Align behind country systems (if there are serious efforts
to make these systems work for the poor)
o Reduce the burden on partners (through harmonisation)
o And move from government ownership to country
ownership,
o And from mutual to domestic accountability
• New Aid Modalities include Budget Support and Sector
Policy Support Programmes
7
EuropeAid
1. Making aid more
effective
2. Making aid more
participatory
8
2. Participatory development
and Non-State Actors
Development
assistance includes
support to and
through NSAs
Development is a multistakeholder process where
the central state is one of
the actors
EuropeAid
Development is a
multi-actor
participatory process
Participatory
development
NSAs are not only
implementing agencies
but also promoters of
democracy, justice and
human rights
EU is committed to
strengthening NSAs to
fully participate in
political, economic and
social dialogue processes
Civil Society is
recognised in all its
diversity
Potential entry points for NSA engagement with the
EuropeAid
state
PRS - Informing and
pushing for pro-poor
policies
Encouraging propoor choices in the
state budget
Etc….
CLOUD
CUCKOO
Monitoring the
monitors parliament
Contributing to
the
implementation of
the policies
Monitoring the implementation (of the
budget, of the policies, ..)
Yet in real life, many obstacles to overcome
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Is there political will
behind pro-poor
policies?
Do parliamentarians
respond to demands
from citizens?
Does civil society
have the
capacities/interest to
engage with the
state?
ARE YOU
KIDDING?
Is the budget
transparent? Does
it reflect
priorities? Is it
credible
Is there an open
and transparent
dialogue with
NSAs?
Is there an enabling environment for
Non-State Actors to participate?
EuropeAid
1. Making aid
more effective
2. Making aid
more
participatory
3. Improving
knowledge of
State-society
relations
12
3. Understanding
state-society relations
EuropeAid
• In order to overcome these obstacles,
• And in order to make and more effective and
PARTICIPATORY
• Two more P-words matter: POWER and POLITICS
•
What affects the opportunities for NSAs to participate?
•
What are the relations between state and society?
•
Who holds power over whom?
•
Who exerts pressure on whom? Who influences whom? With
what means?
•
What are the resources, and how are these distributed?
•
What are incentives? Why is it difficult for citizens to work
collectively? (example: conditional cash transfers)
•
What is the history? The history of struggle? The history of
social or other movements? The history of repression? Page 13
In other words:
• Better understanding of “politics” helps explain where aid
has been effective and where not
• A political economy analysis helps to understand:
o If and how state-society bargaining takes place
o Whether, how and around which interests citizens
organise collectively
o How elites reach political settlements, for example over
taxes, or over the distribution of resources such as aid
o Who in and outside government backs poverty reduction
strategies and sector policies, if there are coalitions or
not
o And whether there is a credible budget to cover the
costs…
• This knowledge is very country or context specific
EuropeAid
14
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• Such political economy analysis is already being promoted
through:
o the Project and Programme Cycle Management process
o The Green Paper process on the Future of Budget
Support and the inputs to the context analysis for the
new guidelines
o And the Governance Analysis Framework for sector
operations
15
C. What is the basic perspective of the guidance
you can find in this Resource Document?
BASIC PERSPECTIVE:
Treat NSAs as
actors
Analyze statesociety
relations
systematically
Explore and
support full
potential
within and
beyond NAM
Do no HarmPrepared to
play new roles
1
Recognize the diversity of NSAs
2
Assess and analyze NSA interests,
values, histories, incentives, roles,
functions, governance structures
3
Treat NSAs as actors in their own right
Treat
NSAs as
Actors
1
Shift from a normative to an analytical
approach
2
Introduce systematically political
economy and governance analysis
3
Incentivize continued learning
Analyze
statesociety
relations
systematically
1
Combine the full range of modalities
and instruments in a strategic way
2
Balance support for state and nonstate actors in a purposeful way
3
4
Assess opportunities and necessities
to engage with NSAs outside of the
context of new aid modalities
Apply the principle of ‘sequencing’ of
support to NSAs in the context of
NAMs
Explore and
support the
full potential
of NSA
involvement
in and
beyond NAM
1
Avoid a technocratic approach to aid
effectiveness and the role of NSAs
2
Systematically apply a ‘political
economy approach’
3
Prepare for playing new roles
.
Do no
harm –
Be
prepared
to play
new roles
EC New Roles
EuropeAid
D. So how do we go about it?
Tools and practical guidance
The Approach
EuropeAid
Tools and guidance
•Treat NSAs as actors
 Mapping methodology
 Governance Analysis Framework
 RD: Methodological tool 1, 2, 6
•Analyze state-society
relations systematically
 Governance Analysis Framework
 RD: Methodological tool 4
•Explore and support the full
potential of NSAs involvement
in and beyond NAM
 RD: Key questions to be posed
throughout the policy cycle
(chapter 4.3)
 RD: Methodological tool 1
 RD: Dialogue with NSAs,
capacity development, combining
tools, instruments and approaches
(chapter 4.4)
•Do
22 no Harm-be prepared for
new roles
RD: EC new roles (chapter 6)
RD: Methodological tool 5, 6, 7
E. Are there questions? Shoot (so to speak)
EuropeAid