Tim Siebert
ChE 359
11/24/08
Biodiesel
 Monoalkyl Esters
 Created via base-
catalyzed
transesterification of
triglycerides from
biolipids
 Capable of replacing
petro diesel in diesel
engines
Advantages over Petro Diesel
 Renewable
 Carbon Neutral
 Biodegradable/Nontoxic
 Lower Flash Point
 No Sulfur/High Lubricity
 Reduced Emissions
Biodiesel Sources
 Edible Plant Oil (Soybean, Rapeseed)
 Inedible Plant Oil (Jatropha, Jojoba)
 Animal Fat (Tallow, Lard)
 Algal Oil
 Fungal Oil
Algal Oil
 Not a major food source
 Wastewater compatible
 Non-arable land growth
 Fast growth
 High oil content
 Reduce Plant Emissions
Biodiesel from Algae
 Algae selection
 Oil Content
 Growth Rate
 Growth
 Vessel
(Photobioreactor)
 Nutrients
 Temp/pH/Sunlight
Biodiesel from Algae cont.
 Separation
 Centrifugation
 Flocculation
 Filtration
 Extraction
 Expeller Press
 Solvent Extraction
 Ultrasonic Lysing
Biodiesel from Algae cont.
 Transesterification
 High Viscosity Oil
 catalyst, heat, excess alcohol
 Products: biodiesel, catalyst, alcohol, glycerol
Viability
 Costs
 Still experimental
 Additive Fuel
Questions
References
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http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/02-03/biofuels/what_biodiesel.htm
http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/02-03/biofuels/what_biodiesel.htm
http://gas2.org/2008/03/29/first-algae-biodiesel-plant-goes-online-april-1-2008/
www.oilgae.com
http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/gdu/gasdiesel.asp
http://www.empacbiodiesel.com/What.htm
http://www.organicfuels.com/library/art/20080708-emissions.png
http://www.hampeloil.com/powerdiesel/fuelfact.html
http://www.21food.com/showroom/45946/product/We-sell-Jatropha-oil.html
http://www.tradenote.net/low_11/
http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/algae-biodiesel-5.jpg
http://news.cnet.com/i/bto/20080620/Seambiotic_Ponds_540x354.jpg
http://www.hawaiisenergyfuture.com/Images/comparison_table_oil_crops.jpg
http://www.mygreenproducts.com/biodiesel_1207.html
Quigley, R., & Barbour, R. H. (June 2004). Biodiesel Quality Improvement with
Additive Treatment. In International Spring Fuels & Lubricants Meeting:
Vols. SP-1887. Diesel, Alternative Diesel, and Gasoline Performance &
Additives, and Alternative & Gaseous Fuels. Warrnedale, PA: Society of
Automotive Engineers, Inc.
Sze, C., Whinihan, J. K., Olson, B. A., Schenk, C. R., & Sobotowski, R. A. (Oct
2007). Impact of Test Cycle and Biodiesel Concentration on Emissions. In
SAE Commercial Vehicle Engineering Congress & Exhibition: Vols. SP-2144.
Commercial Vehicle Alternative Fuels 2007. Warrendale, PA: SAE
International.
Demirbas, A. (2008). Biodiesel : a realistic fuel alternative for diesel
engines. London: Springer.