Biologist ______________________
Lesson Overview - 8.1 Energy and Life
Chemical Energy and ATP
- Energy is the ability to do ___________.
- Your cells are busy using energy to ___________new molecules, ___________muscles, and
carry out active transport.
- Without the ability to obtain and use energy, ___________would cease to exist.
- One of the most important compounds that cells use to ___________and ___________energy
is adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
- ATP consists of _________, a 5-carbon sugar called ________, and __ phosphate groups.
Storing Energy
- Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) looks almost like ATP, except that it has ____ phosphate
groups instead of three. ADP contains some energy, but ______ as much as ATP.
Using Biochemical Energy
- One way cells use the energy provided by ATP is to carry out ___________transport.
- ATP powers ___________, providing the energy for motor proteins that contract muscle
and power the movement of cilia and flagella.
- Energy from ATP powers the synthesis of ___________and responses to chemical signals at
the cell surface.
- ATP is ____ a good molecule for storing large amounts of energy over the long term.
- It is more efficient for cells to keep only a ______ supply of ATP on hand.
- Cells can regenerate _____ from _____ as needed by using the energy in foods like glucose.
Heterotrophs and Autotrophs
- Organisms that obtain food by consuming other living things are known as ___________.
- Organisms that make their own food are called ___________.
- Plants, algae, and some bacteria are able to use light energy from the sun to produce food.
- - The process by which autotrophs use the energy of sunlight to produce high-energy
carbohydrates that can be used for food is known as ___________.
REVIEW Questions
1. T or F Without the ability to obtain and use energy, life would cease to exist.
2. One of the most important compounds that cells use to store and release energy is
_______?
3. What are the three parts to the structure of ATP?
4. What characteristic of ATP makes it exceptionally useful as a energy source?
5. ATP and ______ work together like a rechargeable battery.
6. ATP is not good at storing energy _________________.
7. Organisms that obtain food by consuming other living things are known as
__________________.
8. Organisms that make their own food are called ___________________.