possible involvement of rat brain microglia p90 ribosomal S6 kinase

Biographical Sketch – Alejandro M.S. Mayer, Ph.D.
(10/7/2014)
Alejandro M.S. Mayer, Ph.D., is currently Professor of Pharmacology at the Chicago
College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University. He received his Ph.D. in 1979
from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina and from 1985-1988, he completed a
three-year postdoctoral fellowship in marine pharmacology in the laboratory of Dr.
Robert S. Jacobs at the University of California at Santa Barbara. From 1990-1993, he
joined the faculty of the Physiology Department, Louisiana State University Medical
Center in New Orleans, LA. Since 1993, has been a faculty member at the Department
of Pharmacology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University,
where he rose from Assistant to Full Professor of Pharmacology in 2000. Dr. Mayer
teaches pharmacology to medical, pharmacy, dental and health sciences students and
continues to be actively involved in research in both marine immunopharmacology and
marine immunotoxicology of marine cyanobacterial LPS. He is the author of 70
peer-reviewed research papers, which include a series of 15 marine pharmaceutical
preclinical pipeline reviews covering the period 1998-2011 which he has written in
collaboration with Drs. Gustafson, Hamann, Berlinck, Rodriguez , Fusetani and
Taglialatela-Scafati, and which systematically review marine pharmacological and
pharmaceutical research. In 2010 he reviewed the global pharmaceutical pipeline with
Dr. Glaser, Cuevas, Jacobs, Kem, Little, McIntosh, Newman, Potts and Shuster. The
current marine clinical pipeline is available at
http://marinepharmacology.midwestern.edu/clinPipeline.htm. Dr. Mayer has been
awarded 2 patents and has been funded by the Department of Commerce, NOAA, Sea
Grant College Program and NIH, and is a member of AAAS, ASPET, and the Society
for Toxicology. He has served as guest editor of a special issue on marine toxins of the
ejournal MARINE DRUGS and as of January 1, 2014 has become the Editor-in-Chief of
the MARINE DRUGS journal that focuses on the development of marine drugs. This
marine pharmacology web page is a service for both the general public and the
research community at large interested in pharmaceutical research with marine
chemicals. Dr. Mayer can be reached at [email protected].
Marine pharmacology and toxicology research in A.M.S. Mayer’s laboratory:
articles, patents, abstracts and seminars.
(a) Peer-reviewed articles
1
Mayer, A.M.S. and K. R. Gustafson Marine Pharmacology in 2001-2: Antitumor and
Cytotoxic Compounds. European Journal of Cancer 40(18) 2676-2704, 2004.
2
Mayer, A.M.S, Hall, M.L, Lynch, S. M, Gunasekera, S.P, Sennett, S.H. and
Pomponi, S.A.
Differential modulation of microglia superoxide anion and
thromboxane B2 generation by the marine manzamines. BioMedCentral Pharmacology
5(1)6, 2005.
3
Mayer, A.M.S. and M. T. Hamann. Marine pharmacology in 2001-2: Marine
Compounds with Antibacterial, Anticoagulant, Antifungal, Anthelmithic,
Anti-inflammatory, Antiplatelet, Antiprotozoal, and Antiviral Activities; affecting the
Cardiovascular, Endocrine, Immune and Nervous Systems and other Miscellaneous
Mechanisms of Action. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C
140(3-4):265-286, 2005.
4
C. A. Ospina, A. D. Rodrıguez, J. A. Sanchez, E. Ortega-Barria, T.L. Capson, and
A.M.S. Mayer. Caucanolides A-F, Unusual Antiplasmodial Constituents from a
Colombian Collection of the Gorgonian Coral Pseudopterogorgia bipinnata. Journal of
Natural Products 68(10):1519-1526, 2005.
5
S. S. Sawant, D.T.A. Youssef, A. M. S. Mayer, P. W. Sylvester, V. Wali, M. E. Arant
and K. A. El Sayed. Anticancer and Anti-inflammatory Sulfur-Containing Semisynthetic
Derivatives of Sarcophine. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (Japan) 54(8):
1119-1123, 2006.
6
Mayer, A.M.S. and K. R. Gustafson. Marine Pharmacology in 2003-4: Antitumor and
Cytotoxic Compounds. European Journal of Cancer , 43: 2241-2270, 2006.
7
Mayer, A.M.S., A.D. Rodriguez, R. Berlinck and M.T. Hamann. Marine pharmacology
in 2003-4: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Anticoagulant, Antifungal, Anthelmitic,
Anti-inflammatory, Antiplatelet, Antiprotozoal, and Antiviral Activities; affecting the
Cardiovascular, Endocrine, Immune and Nervous Systems and other Miscellaneous
Mechanisms of Action. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C 145: 553-581,
2007.
8
Mayer, A.M.S., Guzman, M., Peksa, R., Hall, M., Fay, M.J., Jacobson, P.B., Romanic,
A.M. and Gunasekera, S.P. Differential effects of domoic acid and E. Coli
Lipopolysaccharide on tumor necrosis factor  , transforming growth factor β1 and
matrix metalloproteinase-9 release by rat neonatal microglia: evaluation of the direct
activation hypothesis. Marine Drugs 5: 113-135, 2007.
9 M. H. Kossuga, A. M. Nascimento, J. Q. Reimão, A. G. Tempone, N. N. Taniwaki, K.
Veloso, A. G. Ferreira, B. C. Cavalcanti, C. Pessoa, M. O. Moraes, A. M. S. Mayer, E.
Hajdu and R. G. S. Berlinck, Antiparasitic, antineuroinflammatory and cytotoxic
polyketides from the marine sponge Plakortis angulospiculatus from Brazil. Journal of
Natural Products 71:334-339, 2008.
10 K. A. El Sayed, A. A. Khalil, M. Yousaf, G. Labadie, M. K. Gundluru, S. G. Franzblau,
A.M.S. Mayer, M. A. Avery, and M. T. Hamann. Semisynthetic Studies of the
Manzamine Alkaloids. Journal of Natural Products 71:300-308, 2008.
11 Mayer, A.M.S. and K. R. Gustafson. Marine Pharmacology in 2005-6: Antitumor and
Cytotoxic Compounds. European Journal of Cancer 44:2357-2387, 2008.
12 Y-P Shi, X. Wei, I.I. Rodríguez, A.D. Rodríguez, and A.M.S. Mayer. New Terpenoid
Constituents of the Southwestern Caribbean Sea Whip Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae
(Bayer), including a Unique Pentanorditerpene. European Journal of Organic Chemistry,
493-502, 2009.
13 Mayer, A.M.S., A.D. Rodriguez, R. Berlinck and M.T. Hamann. Marine pharmacology in
2005-6: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Anticoagulant, Antifungal, Anthelmitic,
Anti-inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, and Antiviral Activities; affecting the Cardiovascular,
Endocrine, Immune and Nervous Systems and other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of
Action. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, General Subjects 1790: 283-308, 2009.
14 A.K. Ibrahim, S.I. Khalifa, M.K. Mesbah, A.M.S. Mayer, R.W.M. Van Soest, and D.T.A.
Youssef. New anti-inflammatory sterols from the Red Sea sponges Scalarispongia and
Callyspongia species. Natural Product Communications, 5(1): 27-31, 2010.
15 J. Peng, S. Kudrimoti, S. Prasanna, S. Odde, R. J. Doerksen, H. K Pennaka, Y-M. Choo,
K.V. Rao, B. L. Tekwani, V. Madgula, S. I. Khan, B. Wang, A. M. S. Mayer, M. R. Jacob,
L.C.Tu, J. Gertsch, and M. T. Hamann. Structure Activity Relationship and Mechanism of
Action Studies of Manzamine Analogues for the Control of Neuroinflammation and
Cerebral Infections. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 53: 61-76, 2010.
16 A.M.S. Mayer, K.B. Glaser, C. Cuevas, R. S. Jacobs, W. Kem, R. D. Little, J. M.
McIntosh, D. Newman, B. C. Potts and D. E. Shuster. The Marine Pharmaceuticals
Pipeline in 2010 . Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 31(6): 255-265, 2010, 2010.
17
Mayer, A.M.S., A.D. Rodriguez, R. Berlinck and N. Fusetani. Marine pharmacology in
2007-8: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Anticoagulant, Antifungal,
Anti-inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, and Antiviral Activities; affecting the Immune and
Nervous Systems and other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action. Comparative
Biochemistry and Physiology Part C, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C,
153: 191-222, 2011.
18 Mayer, A.M.S., J. Clifford, M. Aldulescu, J. Frenkel, M. L. Hall, K. B. Glaser, and J.
Berry. Cyanobacterial Microcystis aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide elicits release of
superoxide anion, thromboxane B2, cytokines, chemokines, and matrix
metalloproteinase-9 by rat microglia. Toxicological Sciences, 121(1): 63-72, 2011.
19 Mayer, A. M. S., E. Avilés and A. D. Rodríguez. Marine sponge Hymeniacidon sp.
amphilectane metabolites potently inhibit rat brain microglia thromboxane B2 generation.
Biorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 20: 279 – 282, 2012.
20 Mayer, A.M.S., A.D. Rodríguez, O.Taglialatela-Scafati and N. Fusetani. Marine
pharmacology in 2009-11: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic,
Antifungal, Anti-inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis, and Antiviral Activities;
affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of
Action. Marine Drugs 11: 2510-2573, 2013.
21 K. A. El Sayed, A.I. Foudah, A.M.S. Mayer, A. M. Crider and D. Song. Synthesis,
microbial transformation, and pharmacological evaluation of
4,5-dihydronaphtho[2,1-b]furna-2-ones and related analogues. Medicinal Chemistry
Communication (Wiley) 4: 1231-1238, 2013.
22 C. Jiménez-Romero, A.M.S. Mayer and A.D. Rodríguez. Dactyloditerpenol acetate, a
new prenylbisabolane-type diterpene from Aplysia dactylomela with strong
anti-neuroinflammatory activity. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 24: 344-348,
2014.
23 Mayer, A.M.S., M. L. Hall, M. Holland, C. De Castro, A. Molinaro, M. Aldulescu, J.
Frenkel, L. Ottenhoff, D. Rowley and J. Powell. Vibrio vulnificus M06-24/O
lipopolysaccharide stimulates superoxide anion, thromboxane B2, matrix
metalloproteinase-9, cytokine and chemokine release by rat microglia in vitro. Marine
Drugs 12:1732-1756, 2014.
[b] PUBLISHED EDITORIALS, COMMENTARIES
1. Mayer, A.M.S. Current marine pharmacology contributions to new drug development in
the biopharmaceutical industry. Pharmaceutical News 9: 479-482, 2002
2. Mayer, A.M.S. Special Issue on Marine Toxins. Marine Drugs 2009, 7(1), 19-23, 2009.
3. K.B. Glaser and Mayer, A.M.S. A Renaissance in Marine Pharmacology: From Preclinical
Curiosity to Clinical Reality. Biochemical Pharmacology, 1790: 283-308, 2009.
[c] PATENTS (FIRST TWO PATENTS FOR MIDWESTERN UNIVERSITY)
2
3
A. Mayer, S.P. Gunasekera, S.A. Pomponi and S.H. Sennett. Anti-inflammatory uses of
the Manzamines. United States Patent No.: US 6,387,916, issued May 14, 2002.
A. Mayer, S.P. Gunasekera, S.A. Pomponi and S.H. Sennett. Anti-inflammatory uses of
the Manzamines. United States Patent No.: US 6,602,881 issued Aug. 5, 2003.
[d] Abstracts
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
A.M.S. Mayer, M. Guzman, R. Peksa, M.L. Hall and M. J. Fay. Cytokine gene
expression in rat microglia exposed to the marine toxin domoic acid. The Toxicologist
84 (S-1): 293, 2005.
Peksa, R., Hall, M.L., P. B. Jacobson, and A.M.S. Mayer. Differential TNF- and
TGF-β1 generation by rat microglia exposed to E. coli lipopolysaccharide and the marine
toxin domoic acid. JAOA 105(7): 336, 2005.
A.M.S. Mayer, M. Hall and M.T. Hamann. Structure-activity relationship study with
marine and synthetic Manzamines: novel inhibitors of microglia thromboxane B2 and
superoxide anion generation. The Pharmacologist 47(3): 121, 2005.
R. L. Peksa, M. L. Hall, P.B. Jacobson and A.M.S. Mayer. Differential TNF-alpha and
TGF beta 1 generation by rat microglia exposed to E. Coli lipopolysaccharide and the
marine toxin domoic acid. The Pharmacologist 47(3): 122, 2005.
A.M.S. Mayer, R. L. Peksa, M. L. Hall and P.B. Jacobson. Differential release of
TNF-alpha and TGF beta 1 by rat microglia exposed to E. Coli lipopolysaccharide and
the marine toxin domoic acid. The Toxicologist 90(1): 285, 2006.
A.M.S. Mayer, Carlson, L.A., Braddock, M.T., McCulloch, P.F. Hippocampal C-Fos
expression and microglia accumulation in rats exposed to the marine toxin domoic acid.
The Toxicologist 96(1): 364, 2007.
A.M.S. Mayer, Mary L. Hall, P. B. Jacobson and Jan L. Powell. Differential effect of
Vibrio vulnificus and Escherichia coli LPS on rat brain neonatal microglia release of
thromboxane B2 and tumor necrosis factor . The Faseb Journal 21(5): A 404, 2007.
M.T. Braddock, L.A. Carlson, M.L. Hall, P. F. McCulloch, A.M.S. Mayer. The effect
of the marine toxin domoic acid on hippocampal c-FOS expression and microglia
accumulation in rats. JAOA 107(8):347, 2007.
A.M.S. Mayer, M. A. Holland, M. L. Hall, P. B. Jacobson and J. P. Berry.Effect of
Microcystis aeruginosa Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on Neonatal Rat Brain Microglia
Release of Superoxide Anion, Thromboxane B2, Tumor Necrosis Factor and Matrix
Metalloproteases. The Toxicologist 102(1):254, 2008.
A.M.S. Mayer, M.H. Kossuga, K.Veloso, A.G. Ferreira, E. Hajdu and R.G.S. Berlinck.
Antineuroinflammatory polyketide plakortide N from the Brazilian marine sponge
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
Plakortis angulospiculatus. The Faseb Journal, 22:1139.3, 2008.
J. Frenkel, M. Aldulescu, M. Hall, J.L. Powell, K.B. Glaser and A.M.S. Mayer. Effect
of the marine Vibrio vulnificus Lipopolysaccharide on rat brain microglia cytokine and
chemokine release. The Toxicologist CD — An official Journal of the Society of
Toxicology, Volume 108, Number S1: 12, 2009.
M. Aldulescu, J. Frenkel, M. Hall, J.L. Powell, K.B. Glaser and A.M.S. Mayer. Effect
of Microcystis aeruginosa Lipopolysaccharide on neonatal rat brain microglia cytokine
and chemokine release. Faseb Journal 23, 755.1, 2009.
M.J. Fay, G.K. Tan, S.S. Baxter, M.L. Hall, A.M.S. Mayer and L.A. Carlson.
Differential expression of full-length and truncated cullin-5 is associated with granulocytic
differentiation of HL-60 leukemia cells. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology, 45:
S42, 2009.
A.M.S. Mayer and M.L. Hall. Differential effect of the antineuroinflammatory marine
β-carboline alkaloid manzamine A on p90 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 and 2. Program No.
545.5. 2009 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Chicago, IL: Society for Neuroscience,
2009. Online.
N. Patel, J. Clifford, M. L. Hall, K. B. Glaser, P. Jacobson, J. Berry, and A. M.S.
Mayer. Effect of Microcystis aeruginosa Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on Neonatal Rat
Brain Microglia: Cytokine Expression Profiling by Antibody Array Technology. The
Toxicologist CD — An official Journal of the Society of Toxicology, 114 (1): 161, 2010.
S. Chaudhri, M. L. Hall, E. Áviles , A. D. Rodríguez and A. M.S. Mayer. Marine
sponge Hymeniacidon sp. amphilectane metabolites potently inhibit rat brain microglia
thromboxane B2 generation.. Faseb Journal 24: 966.1, 2010.
S. Chaudhry, M. L. Hall, E. Áviles, A. D. Rodríguez and A.M.S. Mayer. Inhibition of
activated rat microglia thromboxane B2 release by the marine sponge Hymeniacidon sp
metabolites. JAOA 110(8):462, 2010.
J. A. Clifford, N. Patel, M. L. Hall, K. B. Glaser, P. B. Jacobson, J. P. Berry, and A. M.
S. Mayer. The effect of Microcystis Aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on neonatal rat
brain microglia cytokine and chemokine generation. JAOA 110(8):478, 2010.
L.D. Ottenhoff, N. Patel, M. L. Hall, K. B. Glaser, P. Jacobson, D. Rowley, C. De Castro,
A. Molinaro and A. M.S. Mayer. Effect of Vibrio vulnificus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on
rat brain microglia: cytokine and chemokine expression profiling by antibody array
technology. [Abstract 688], The Toxicologist CD—An official Journal of the Society of
Toxicology, 120, S-2, March 2011.
A.M.S. Mayer and K.B. Glaser. Marine pharmacology and the 2011 pharmaceuticals
pipeline. Faseb Journal 25: 623.1, 2011.
J. Murphy, M. L. Hall, D. Feher, P. Williams and A. M. S. Mayer. Cyanobacterial
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) elicit release of superoxide Anion, thromboxane B2, and
cytokines from rat brain microglia. [Abstract 714], The Toxicologist CD—An official
Journal of the Society of Toxicology, Volume126, Number S-1, March 2012.
J. A. Clifford, J. Lach, M. L. Hall, and A. M. S. Mayer. The mechanism of the marine
thromboxane B2 inhibitor Manzamine A: possible involvement of rat brain microglia p90
ribosomal S6 kinase1. Faseb Journal 26: 1124.1, 2012.
Macadam, D., Hall, Mary L., Fehrer, D., Williams, P., and A.M.S. Mayer.
Cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Elicits Release Of MIP-α,
Interleukin 6, and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 from Rat Brain Microglia in vitro. The
Toxicologist CD—An official Journal of the Society of Toxicology, Volume132, Issue 1,
Abstract 247, March 2013.
A.M.S. Mayer and K.B. Glaser. Marine pharmacology and the marine
pharmaceuticals pipeline. Faseb Journal 27: 1167.7, 2013.
K. Chandrasena, M. L. Hall and A. M. S. Mayer. The mechanism of the marine
β-carboline thromboxane B2 inhibitor Manzamine A: possible involvement of rat brain
microglia p90 ribosomal S6 kinase 1. Faseb Journal 27: 888.1, 2013.
44 D. Macadam, M.L. Hall, D. Feher, P. Williams and A.M.S. Mayer. Differential effect of
cyanobacterium Anabaena LPS on rat brain microglia-derived proinflammatory and
anti-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine generation. Toxicology Letters 221, S135,
2013.
45 C. Osterbauer, D. Macadam, M.L. Hall, D. Feher, P. Williams and A.M.S. Mayer.
Classical and Alternative Activation of cyanobacterium Anabaena LPS-treated rat brain
microglia., The Toxicologist CD—An official Journal of the Society of Toxicology,
Volume138, Issue 1, Abstract 995, March 2014.
46 A.M.S. Mayer and K.B. Glaser. Marine pharmacology and the marine pharmaceuticals
pipeline in 2013. Faseb Journal 28 (1) Supplement): 657.17, April 2014.
[e] INVITED SEMINARS AND LECTURES
A marine pharmaceuticals seminar presentation has been developed by Dr. Mayer that
covers: (1) FDA-approved marine pharmaceuticals, (2) the clinical pipeline; and, (3) the
preclinical pipeline (marine natural products with antitumor and cytotoxic activity, as well as
other pharmacological activities). Dr. Mayer has been invited to present the seminar at the
scientific meetings and universities shown below.
2014
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine clinical and preclinical pipeline. 17th World
Congress of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, IUPHAR Natural Products Section
Symposium, Cape Town, South Africa. July 13-18.
2013
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. Department of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Illinois. November
14.
2013
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. Department of Molecular
Therapeutics and Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois. February
20.
2012
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. Department of Cellular and
Molecular Pharmacology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago
Medical School, North Chicago, Illinois. August 22.
2012
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. OECD Global Forum on
Biotechnology: Marine Biotechnology - Enabling Solutions for Ocean Productivity and
Sustainability. Sponsored by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
(OECD). Wosk Centre for Dialogue, Vancouver, Canada. May 30-31.
2012
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmacology preclinical pipeline. ASPET Symposium: “
Clinical Pipeline of Marine Pharmaceuticals: The Odyssey Continues” sponsored by The
Division for Drug Discovery, Development and Regulatory affairs from the American Society of
Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Experimental Biology 2012, San Diego,
California. April 25.
2012
Mayer, A.M.S. Marine pharmacology and the global pharmaceutical pipeline.
Associated
Colleges of the Chicago Area Spring Seminar Series. Benedictine University, Illinois. March
13.
2011
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. Station Biologique de
Roscoff, CNRS, Roscoff, France. September 1.
2011
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. Annual Workshop on Marine
Biotechnology. Station de Biologie Marine, Museum National D’Histoire. Roscoff, France.
September 1. Concarneau, France. August 31.
2011
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. Department of Chemistry, U
University of Louisiana, Monroe, Louisiana. February.
2010
Mayer, A.M.S. Marine Biodiversity and Drug Development from Marine Sources.
Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina. November 12.
2010
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. Department of Biological
Sciences, Benedictine University, Lisle, Illinois. October 13.
2010
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. Dipartimento di Chimica delle
Sostanzi Naturali, Universita Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy. May 21.
2010
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmaceutical pipeline. Department of Biopharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. March
17.
2009
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmacology pipeline. Chemistry Institute of São Carlos,
University of São Paulo at São Carlos, Brasil. November 23.
2009
Mayer, A.M.S. The global marine pharmacology pipeline. Experimental Biology 2009.
American Society of Experimental Pharmacology and Therapeutics (ASPET) Symposium: A
Renaissance in Marine Pharmacology: Preclinical Curiosity to Clinical Reality. New Orleans,
Louisiana. April 19.
2009
Mayer, A.M.S. Marine Pharmacology: FDA-approved marine drugs, and the marine clinical
and preclinical pipeline. Florida International University, Graduate School and Marine
Sciences Program. Miami, Florida. January 30.
2008
Mayer, A.M.S. Marine Pharmacology: A Critique of the Preclinical and Clinical Literature.
University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, Department of Chemistry, San Juan,
Puerto Rico. January 28.

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