The Emergency - Packet by Rayuela (Trygve Meade, Ahmad Ragab, Chris Ray, Mike Sorice with Susan Ferrari and Donald
Taylor)
Tossups
1. This organizer of the Oath Crisis was essentially a crime lord for several years, directing the nefarious activities of
numerous five member “combat teams,” and he personally led his future wife and three future Prime Ministers in a daring
and obscenely profitable train robbery known as the Bezdany Raid. Maxime Weygand advised this man, who used the
August Novelization to begin “moral sanation” after taking power in the May Coup. His major rival traveled to Japan to
derail an arms deal, which heightened the hostility between this man and the National Democrats during the June Days. His
most most ambitious projects involved the creation of an Intermarum Federation and the establishment of an Eastern
Institute to promote his major foreign policy goal, “Prometheism,” aimed at agitating various nationalist groups. His
nefarious PMO nearly overthrew the Slezevicius government until being exposed by the Sejny Uprising, and in his most
famous achievement he left the Blue Army entrenched under Jozef Haller, leading a small strike force North to encircle
Tukhachevsky, capturing 60,000 men and forcing the Treaty of Riga. FTP, name this man who beat the Russians at the
“Miracle at the Vistula” in 1920, a “First Marshall” who kept kicking ass until the establishment of an independent Poland.
ANSWER: Jozef Klemens Pilsudski
2. In E. coli, one pathway for this is mediated by and named for exonuclease V [five] and the section of it that requires
relative movement is catalyzed by a hexomeric ATPase, RuvB. The aforementioned section, branch migration, follows
resection and strand inversion in typical forms of this process, which can be resolved through SDSA as described by Bishop
and Zickler. Werner’s and Bloom’s syndromes result from failure to regulate this process; another way in which it can fail is
an inability to form the mobile, multi-DNA-strand junction used in this process and named for Holliday. This genetic
process is used to repair double-strand breaks and in especially meiotic chromosomal crossover. For 10 points, name this
process whereby genetic material is exchanged between two similar strands of DNA.
ANSWER: homologous recombination
3. One argument associated with system of thought has been critiqued by John Beversluis and William Craig, and Bart
Ehrman suggested that “legend” could be added to that argument known as “the trilemma.” Norman Geisler in an article,
the title of which quotes from Colossians 2:8, rejects this framework; however, Biblical motivations for developing this
system include the passages: Isiah 1:18 and 1st Peter 3:15. An evidentiary form of this has been developed, which differs
from the classical version of this school by offering that historical events may serve as the species of argument, and a
presuppositional form has been advocated by Gordon Clark and Cornelius Van Til. This school of thought lies in absolute
contradistinction to the understandings developed by Tertullian and Kierkegaard, known as Fideism. The Quinquae viae
from Aquinas’s Summa Theologica serves a foundational set of arguments for this branch of theology, and C.S. Lewis’s
Mere Christianity is a classic text of this theological system. For 10 points, name this branch of theology which attempts to
articulate a rational basis for belief in defense of the faith.
ANSWER: Christian apologetics
4. This author supposedly refused to discuss his most famous work after later editions censored the chapter “At the Parlor
Rooms,” while the courtship of Laura causes the titular schizophrenic hallucination to corporealize and start terrorizing
Manhattan in his Tracy's Tiger. A falsely accused rapist is lynched in jail before the young cook Emily can say him in one of
his plays, which began with My Heart's in the Highlands. The first major work by this author of Hello Out There was a
collection relating a fascination with the bodybuilder Lionel Strongfort in “Fifty Yard Dash” and Mourad's theft of a prize
animal from John Byro in “The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse.” His best-known play sees Kitty Duvall and the cop
Blick interact with the layabout Joe in a San Francisco bar, though this author of My Name is Aram is better noted for his
portrait Helen Eliot and the brothers Marcus, Ulysses, and Homer Macauley, an Odyssey-referencing tract set in his native
San Joaquin Valley. FTP, identify this Armenian-American author of Time of Your Life and The Human Comedy.
ANSWER: William Saroyan
5. Precipitate phases unique to systems displaying the structure typical of this mineral group include ones named for
Ruddlesden and Popper and Aurivillius. The structure of these minerals is pseudocubic orthorhombic dipyramidal, so these
minerals are typified by a nearly cubic structure with the smaller cations at the corner positions, the larger at the body
position, and an electronegative species at the face positions; that namesake structure is exemplified by calcium titanium
oxide, the first example of this mineral family discovered. This mineral form may be the most common on Earth, as
enstatite transitions to this form below the upper mantle. For 10 points, name this class of minerals perhaps best known for
containing most high-critical-temperature superconductors.
ANSWER: perovskites
6. One man who initiated this period authored the futurist Book of Great Unity, and it benefited from its proponents'
experience with the “public vehicle” campaign, the Gongche Shangshu. Championed by the “Six Gentlemen,” it prompted a
disastrous response in the formation of the first New Army, centrally argued that the formation of the Beiyang military and
the Self-Strengthening Movement were not sufficient. Its failure led its major supporter to flee the country out of fear of
being slowly carved to death in the wake of the execution of Tan Sitong, prompting Liang Qichao and Kang Yuwei to form
the Protect the Emperor society, whose name referenced the principal patron of this effort, Guangxu. It advocated strict
adoption of capitalism and an end to fake positions as part of a general overhaul of the civil service system, and was crushed
when Yuan Shikai began murdering its participants at the behest of Dowager Cixi. Leading to the rise of the Warold Period
following its failure, FTP, identify this 1898 campaign to reform the floundering Qing dynasty, named for its duration of just
over three months.
ANSWER: Hundred Days Reform or Wuexin Bianfa
7. In imitation of this artist’s works, J.S. Bach created two uncharacteristic works, a fantasia and fugue for keyboard, which
borrow from this musician’s Opera Prima. This composer’s career was launched with the near-contemporaneous
publication of a book of twelve trio sonatas and the successful staging of his opera Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra; those
plaudits led to his I veri amici being performed to celebrate an Imperial marriage in Munich in 1722. Many of this
composer’s works were destroyed with the Dresden State Library during World War II, which renders unclear the role of
Remo Giazotto in another work attributed to him. For 10 points, name this Venetian Baroque composer a fragment of whose
work is the attributed source for an Adagio in G minor.
ANSWER: Tomaso Albinoni
8. This person’s time on Majorca led to translation of several works of Ripall about Chopin. It was on Majorca that this
author met Robert Graves, whose suggestion that he depict the Nottingham of his youth led to a novel in which the main
character falls down stairs after besting “Loudmouth” in a drinking contest before being beaten by Bill for carrying on with
Brenda and Winnie. In the title story of another of his works, a youth is caught robbing a bakery before a certain talent is
discovered after he is confined to a borstal. For 10 points, name this creator of lathe operator Arthur and defiant jogger
Colin; the Angry Young Man who wrote Saturday Night and Sunday Morning and The Loneliness of the Long Distance
Runner.
ANSWER: Alan Sillitoe
9. In the first chapter of this work, the author discusses Delboef’s experiments and re-derives the Weber-Fechner Law in
order to ask, “Can two sensations be equal without being identical?” The author uses the analogy of a flock of sheep to
explain the nature of “quantitative multiplicity,” which lies in contrast to “qualitative multiplicity.” The third chapter claims
that the second title concept brings into tension the rival systems of “dynamism” and “mechanism.” Submitted to the Ecole
Normale as the major thesis along with Aristotle’s Conception of Place, in its conclusion, this work asserts that Kant’s
failure to recognize the first title concept as heterogeneous has made true freedom incomprehensible. This works sets up a
dualism between life and matter, a dualism which is later modified by the author in Creative Evolution. Introducing the
concept of Duration and subtitled “An Essay on the Immediate Data of Consciousness,” for 10 points, name this work of
philosophy, which pairs the two title concepts, written by Henri Bergson.
ANSWER: Time and Free Will
10. They sing, “what's that floating in the water/oh neptune's only daughter” in a remake of a Pixies song, “Mr. Grieves,”
which appears on their first EP release by a label, Young Liars. This band sampled Raymond Scott’s “Night and Day,” for
the song “Say You Do,” which appears on their self-published first album, the title of which is a parody of a Radiohead
album, OK Calculator. This band’s Nigerian lead singer appeared in a 2008 movie starring Anne Hathaway, Rachel Getting
Married, as Sidney, Hathaway’s fiancé, the incredibly lucky Tunde Adebimpe. In addition to their album Desperate Youth,
Blood Thirsty Babes, their latest release was named the best rock album of 2008 by Pitchfork and Rolling Stone and includes
songs such as “Dancing Choose” and “Halfway Home,” the title of which might be the greeting to a love letter written by
Eric Mukherjee. For 10 points, name this Brooklyn indie rock band who released the hit 2006 album Return to Cookie
Mountain as well as Dear Science.
ANSWER: TV on the Radio [accept The Pixies before it’s mentioned]
11. Passage of this legislation was helped along by lobbying from such activists as Amelia Stone Quinton and Susette La
Flesche. Six years after the passage of this legislation, its namesake would chair a commission with Archibald McKennon
and Meredith Kidd to address the issue of those who were not subject to this legislation's terms. The shortcomings of this
legislation were detailed by the Meriam Report, and the major reforms instituted by this bill were reversed in the WheelerHoward Act of 1934. Its ninth section allotted $100,000 for surveying while the eighth detailed the groups exempt from it,
and the Burke act modified this legislation to introduce a competency requirement to be evaluated by the Secretary of the
Interior. Granting 160 acres to each head of a household, among other grants, for ten points, identify this 1887 act named
after a Republican Senator from Massachusetts, which redistributed communal Indian lands "in severalty" to individuals
Answer: Dawes General Allotment Act (or Severalty Act) [accept General Allotment Act until it’s mentioned]
12. This painting includes a depiction of a man whose own works include several paintings of white roses in vases, as well
as portraits of the Dubourg family, Henri Fantin-Latour. An open black umbrella sits on the ground next to two little girls,
who are wearing white dresses with red bows and playing a game involving a cup. A small black dog with two blue bows in
its hair is sitting on a small chair next to two women attired in yellow dresses and blue bonnets. This painting also notably
includes a portrait of Theophile Gauthier, as well as the artist's brother Eugene and the poet of The Flowers of Evil, Charles
Baudelaire. For 10 points, identify this depiction of a concert in a popular park in Paris, a work by Eduoard Manet.
ANSWER: Music in the Tuileries Gardens [or Musique dans les Jardins des Tuileries]
13. In a scene strangely reminiscent of Michael Antonioni’s L’Avventura, two of the primary characters in this novel visit a
small Mediterranean island where one disappears. The narrator discovers a floppy disk with two documents, one of which
recounts a recurring dream had by the protagonist about climbing a winding staircase to visit her mother, and another that
relates a strange event that befell one of the characters involving a Ferris wheel. The protagonist’s nickname was coined
after a mistaken identification of one of the main character’s favorite literary movements. Narrated by a sexually frustrated
friend of the main character, a primary school teacher named K.; the main character herself has developed sensual passions
for an older woman, who due to a traumatic event from her past has snowy white hair. For 10 points, name this novel about
a sexually confused young woman named Sumire with feelings for Miu, who compares herself to being like a lost satellite
in orbit, written by Haruki Murakami.
ANSWER: Sputnik Sweetheart
14. This figure’s epithets include “phutalmos” and “asphaleios,” meaning “the fostering” and “the immovable”, respectively.
Due to Chione’s fear of Boreas, his sister Benthesikyme stepped in and raised his son Eumolpus. This mythological figure
fathered Hippothoon through his rape of a daughter of Cercyon, Alope, and is the paternal grandfather of Cilix and Phoenix
through his son Agenor. A city under the rule of this deity had a temple dedicated to him that contained a pillar of
orichalcum with laws inscribed on it. This figure turned Caeneus into a man and made her/Caeneus invulnerable to
weapons. He disguised himself as Enipeus to bed Tyro and also changed his form to rape Demeter, thus fathering Despoina
and Arion. For 10 points, identify this deity who was also known as the “earth-shaker.”
ANSWER: Poseidon [accept Neptune]
15. These compounds are the simplest type of C nucleophile. A compound of this type is the intermediate in organocuparate
additions, in which one is formed by a so-called electron pushing mechanism. The conjugate base of this type of compound
is present as the first intermediate in carbanion nucleophile-using conjugate addition, which are also known as Michael
additions. These compounds are characterized as alkenes with a double-bond-carbon-attached hydroxyl; the ease of bond
migration to the oxygen with abstraction of the hydroxyl hydrogen leads to perhaps their best-known property. For 10
points, name these chemical compounds that exist at equilibrium with their tautomers, ketones and aldehydes.
ANSWER: enols
16. Serbian Despot Stefan Lazarevic was named as the first equal among this group, which included just 24 first-order
members and received a son of Kestutis after the Peace of Thorn rewarded Vytautus the Great for fighting the Teutonicc
Knights at Grunwald. Diplomatic work with antipope John XXIII secured Pipo of Ozora membership in this group, which
inducted Henry V after Henry signed the Treaty of Canterbury with its founder. That founder faced the agitations of John
Horn-Beetle, Prokop the Great, and Jan Zizska in the Hussite Wars, while the man most associated with this group joined it
with Oswald von Walkenstein, was the brother of Radu the Handsome, and fought the Night Attack against Mehmet II. The
Bethlen and Rakoczi families still incorporate its symbology into their coats of arms, unsurprising given its founding in
Hungary by Emperor Sigismund. Most famous for inspiring the surnames of two leaders of Wallachia named Vlad, FTP,
identify this European chivalric order named after a mythical creature slain by St. George.
ANSWER: Order of the Dragon
17. While still a theology student, this author came into contact with a group known as the “Contributors of Bremer” and
they published New Contributions Towards the Edification of Reason and Wit. His admiration for Horace can be seen in the
poem, “The Apprentice of the Greeks.” A group of poets, including: Voss, Holty, and the brothers Leopold and Friedrich
Stolberg, celebrated this poet as a master and took their name, the “Grove of Gottingen,” from this man’s, “The Hill and the
Grove.” Like Von Kleist, this man also wrote a dramatic play based on the life of Arminius in Herman’s Battle, and he fell
in love with his cousin who is referred to as “Fanny” in one group of works. This poet was inspired to write one work,
consisting of twenty cantos mostly in unrhymed hexameters, after reading Swiss critic’s Johan Bodmer’s translation of
Paradise Lost. Another of this man’s odes is specifically referenced in a conversation between Lotte and Werther after a
thunderstorm and is titled “The Celebration of Spring.” For 10 points, name this 18 th century German lyrical poet, author of
The Messiah, whose namesake “Odes” inspired music by CPE Bach, Schubert, and Gluck.
ANSWER: Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock
18. This director discusses a scene in his first movie, which is based on a short-story by Bogomolov, where Lieutenant
Galtsev reconnoiters a “dead, flooded forest,” in his work of film aesthetics that in part articulates his montage theory of
“time-pressure,” titled Sculpting in Time. While a student of Mikhail Romm at the Moscow Cinematographic Institute, he
directed his first short film, The Steamroller and the Violin. In addition to Ivan’s Childhood, another movie of his depicts an
expedition taken by an author named Gortchakov to retrace the steps of an 18 th century composer, Sosnovsky who eschewed
fame and went to Italy in Nostalgia. A peasant sneaks into a tower to board a hot-air balloon in the opening sequence of one
of this man’s films and in another film loosely based on Arkady and Boris Strugatsky’s novel, Roadside Picnic, Alexander
Kaidanovsky, who plays the title character, leads a group to “the Zone,” in Stalker. For 10 points, name this Russian director
of such movies as Andrei Rublev and Solaris.
ANSWER: Andrei Tarkovsky
19. Combined with Doppler broadening, this effect can be used to interpret the intensity pattern of a laser-plasma interaction
to determine the electron temperature and density, respectively. This process is characterized by a namesake uniform
differential cross section equal to the square of the classical electron radius. The emission pattern due to this process follows
a cosine-squared distribution in the scattering angle because its mechanism is resonant absorption followed by dipole reradiation as a charged particle is accelerated by an electromagnetic wave’s electric field to non-relativistic speeds. In
astrophysics, this process gives rise to stellar k-coronas. For 10 points, name this scattering process, a non-relativistic limit
of Compton scattering which can be understood in a particle’s reference frame as inverse Compton scattering.
ANSWER: Thompson scattering [prompt on Compton scattering]
20. A social scientist from this country coined the term monoculture in a work expanding on Mannheim's Ideology and
Utopia, “The Masters and the Slaves,” and also won the Tortoise Prize for translating West African epics. One of its
sociologists authored the globalist tract Charting a New Course, and described his time in the presidency in The Accidental
President of this country, where he built of the Washington Consensus to institute the Real Plan for its development.
Another thinker from this country developed the Banking Theory of Education in a work challenging the teacher-student
dichotomy, Pedagogy of the Oppressed, which inspired a dramatic school. The home of Florestan Fernandes, Fernando
Cardoso, Paulo Freire, and Augusto Boal, FTP, identify this South American country whose current President Luiz Inacio da
Silva authored the gripping social work “The Programme for Land Tenure Legalization on Public Land in Sau Paulo.”
ANSWER: Brazil
21. An older character in this novel claims that he would go on stage naked if he could, and teaches another character to
hide a screwdriver in his cheek. One character in this novel forces his son to walk around the neighborhood for hours in
between carrying him on his shoulders to help him recover from polio. Another character in this novel goes crazy in anger
against the Nazis, causing him to volunteer to fly polar missions, and his cousin marries his wife, Rosa Saks. That cousin
had earlier had a relationship with the voice actor for one of his creations, but broke it off after being discovered at a party.
For 10 points, identify this novel about two characters who draw the cartoon character the Escapist, Sammy and Josef, a
novel written by Michael Chabon.
ANSWER: The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay
22. The contrast between the tumult of this event and the serenity of the American woods is noted toward the end of the
travelogue “Two Weeks in the Wilderness” by Alexis de Tocqueville. Leopold von Ranke explicitly claimed this event as
the impetus for his editorship of Historisch-politische Zeitschrift. One side in this event overcalculated their gains from the
resolution of the so-called fly whisk incident, which led to the exile of Husayn, dey of Algiers. Shortly before this event,
François Mignet founded Le National, the semi-official newspaper of the active side in this clash. This coup culminated in
the so-called Trois Glorieuses, having been fomented by a refusal to abrogate the Charter of 1814 in the face of popular
rejection of the policies of Jules de Polignac. This revolution concluded with the appearance of Lafayette at the Hôtel de
Ville arguing for the merits of a constitutional monarchy under the House of Orleans. For 10 points, name this revolution
that overthrew the former Comte d’Artois, Charles X, in favor of Louis Phillipe as King of France in 1830.
ANSWER: the 29 July Revolution [or le Juliet; accept reasonable equivalents; prompt on 1830 Revolution]
23. The original derivation of this object used time and angle reversal symmetry to conclude its diagonalization, giving a
radial component that varied as a constant times radius over one plus a constant times radius and angle components
corresponding to those of the two-sphere. In its namesake coordinates, this expression displays a coordinate singularity at a
certain finite radius and can be visualized by construction of a Flamm surface, which will be a paraboloid in this case. The
uniqueness of this solution is guaranteed by Birkhoff’s theorem. For 10 points, name this most general spherically
symmetric solution of the Einstein field equations, which can be used to describe the gravitational field outside a nonrotating massive sphere like a stationary black hole.
ANSWER: the Schwarzschild metric [or Schwarzschild solution or Schwarzschild vacuum]
24. In the Argonautica, Apollonius claims that this location was given from Triton to Euphemeus in the form of a clod,
while the Athenians lost this island, among others, after the Battle of Aegispotami. Nea Kameni, Palaia Kameni, Aspronisi,
and Christiania are all islands that surround this location, but are uninhabited, while the capital of the political province on
this island is the small town Fira . This place contains the Akrotiri ruins, which are the remains of a civilization that wrote in
Linear A. For 10 points, name this volcanic island found among the Cyclades that may have been responsible for the end of
the Minoan civilization as it is situated near Crete.
ANSWER: Thera [or Santorini]
Bonuses
1. The protagonist of this novel is taught to read two books by Terasina Vidarri before she starts committing statutory rape,
and later finds gainful employment manufacturing the hilariously named “O-Daddy” condoms. For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this novel that ends after Dove Linkhorn's relationship with Hallie Breedlove leads to his savage beating in
Doc Dockery's bar by cripple Achilles Schmidt, ending his career of pretending to deflower prostitutes in front of voyeurs.
ANSWER: A Walk on the Wild Side
[10] A Walk on the Wild Side is a work by this American author, who defended the work and the need for writers to embrace
the grotesque in his posthumous Nonconformity. He also drew from the Polish Downtown area to write Chicago: City on
the Make and a work that features Sparrow Saltskin, Violet Koskoska, and the protagonist's invalid wife, Sophie.
ANSWER: Nelson Algren
[10] This aforementioned Algren work about morphine-addicted card dealer Frankie Machine features entirely too much
imagery regarding back-dwelling monkeys, and ends after Frankie hangs himself, despite the fact that his dealer Nifty Louie
is dead and the young Molly Novotny is in love with him. Bummer.
ANSWER: The Man with the Golden Arm
2. A precise statement of this theorem is: the probability that the long-time integral of the dissipation function rises by a
certain value s divided by the probability that it falls by the same amount is equal to e to the s t, where t is time. For 10
points each:
[10] Name this statistical mechanics result that in some sense resolves Loschmidt’s paradox.
ANSWER: the fluctuation-dissipation theorem [accept fluctuation-dissipation theorem]
[10] One direct corollary of the fluctuation theorem is this statement, that the expectation value of e to the minus dissipation
function times time is unity.
ANSWER: the non-equilibrium partition identity [accept non-equilibrium partition identity]
[10] Another direct result of the fluctuation theorem is this one, stated in this context that the expectation value of the
dissipation is at least 0. The Clausius statement of this rule states that the cycle integral of the inexact heat differential over
absolute temperature is at least 0.
ANSWER: the second law of thermodynamics
3. Battlefield Earth is partially set on this lake. For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this man-made lake, which lies on the border between Zimbabwe and Zambezi and contains the islands
Chikula and Shekanka. It contains tigerfish.
ANSWER: Lake Kariba
[10] This river flows through Lake Kariba. It contains Victoria Falls, and some of its tributaries include the Luena and
Kambopo rivers.
ANSWER: the Zambezi River
[10] People of Tonga believe that this hideously ugly creature with the torso of a snake and a head of a fish controls the life
of the river and its flow.
ANSWER: the Nyaminyami
4. Currently located on the campus of Morse College, it was removed from its original location due to vandalism on Yale’s
campus…bastards, for 10 points:
[10]Name this large Cor-Ten steel Pop Art sculpture, which at its top contains a red vinyl balloon tip that can be inflated
using a pump, being transported by the titular conveyance created by Claes Oldenburg
ANSWER: Lipstick (Ascending) on Catepillar Tracks
[10]This Oldenburg sculpture was set afloat during a land-and-water multimedia happening at the Arsenale naval yard, this
object comes in its usual red with a corkscrew, but also has non-standard equipment like rowing ores, no toothpick though.
ANSWER: Knife Ship I
[10] Oldenburg’s collaborator on many of his projects including, Knife Ship and Spoonbridge and Cherry, was this Dutch
writer and Oldenburg’s second wife.
ANSWER: Coojse van Bruggen
5. This ruler rose to prominence leading the Oei Invasion of Tsushima, which secured the anti-pirate Treaty of Gyehae, and
established the Hall of Worthies under polymath Jang Yeong-sil. FTPE:
[10] Identify this grandson of Taejo, much-venerated in his country for establishing a modern calendar and developing the
Hangul alphabet.
ANSWER: Sejong the Great or Sejong Daewang
[10] Sejong the Great was the fourth ruler of this dynasty, which overthrew the Goryeo and ruled Korea until the disastrous
reign of Gojong, which saw the Gapsin and Donghak revolts, the murder of Empress Myeongseong, and Korea's annexation
by Japan.
ANSWER: Joseon or Choson or Yi
[10] A few years before Sejong began his major project on the Hangul script, this contemporary and ruler of the Ming
dynasty had overseen the compilation of a massive namesake encyclopedia. This son of the Hongwu Emperor repaired the
Grand Canal and sponsored Zheng He's voyages, but lost his late bid to conquer Vietnam after the rise Le Loi.
ANSWER: Yongle Emperor or Zhu Di or Wen of Ming
6. This problem asks how a volume can be filled with isochoric polyhedra having the least common surface area and is thus
a three-space analogue of the soap-film problem. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this problem whose solutions are structures of foams and that is in some sense a generalized dual of the Keppler
problem.
ANSWER: the Kelvin problem
[10] This “honeycomb” consisting of interlocking irregular dodecahedra and tetrakaidecahedra is the best-known solutions
of the Kelvin problem, surpassing the Kelvin structure. It was discovered by its Ireland-based namesakes in the mid ‘90’s.
ANSWER: the Weaire-Phelan structure
[10] The Weaire-Phelan structure is used as a crystal structure for these types of chemical compounds, also known as cages,
in which a molecular lattice traps a different kind of molecule inside it. Their namesake gun hypothesis, according to which
sea temperature rises may cause their release of trapped greenhouse gasses, is a major idea in climate chemistry.
ANSWER: clathrates
7. According to Bertrand Russell, a sentence which contains this entails that it contains an existence, uniqueness and
universal claim, for 10 points:
[10]In the sentence, “Barack Obama is the 44 th President of the United States,” “44th President of the United States” will
likely count as this according to Russell.
ANSWER: definite descriptors [accept definite descriptions]
[10]This phrase considered by Russell in “On Meaning and Denotation of Phrases” complicates the theory of definite
descriptions, since the “person” it refers to cannot exist as the associated country has been a republic since the fall of the
Second Empire, and thus his possible baldness is problematic.
ANSWER: “The present King of France” [prompt on partial answer]
[10]Russell extended this German analytic philosopher’s work in the theory of descriptions. This thinker developed
predicate calculus and is the author of Begriffschrifft and The Foundations of Arithmetic.
ANSWER: Gottlob Frege
8. This essayist attacked Lord Eldon in his book The Spirit of the Age, noting that the Woolsack is a seal of honor and profit,
and also wrote of his own rejection in Liber Amoris: or, the New Pygmalion. For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this superbly witty essayist of the Romantic era, who wrote The Fight and other Wrongs.
ANSWER: William Hazlitt
[10] Hazlitt was a good friend of this poet who authored Christabel and “The Frost at Midnight.”
ANSWER: Samuel Taylor Coleridge
[10] Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote this long book of literary criticism and philosophy, which contained "portraits" of many
contemporary writers and originated his concept of a willing suspension of disbelief.
ANSWER: Biographia Literaria
9. In accordance with theories he expounded in A Home for the Heart and The Empty Fortress, this man thought it would be
a great plan to start shocking autistic children until they stopped the shocks by hugging him, leading his subordinates to
describe horrifying scenes of children bursting into tears and opening their arms whenever he approached. FTPE:
[10] Name this Jewish psychologist whose work on concentration camp dynamics and works like The Uses of Enchantment
have been overshadowed by alleged abuse and lunatic theories that unloving “refrigerator” mothers give their kids autism.
ANSWER: Bruno Bettelheim
[10] This Bettelheim work posits that the Westermarck Effect and an emphasis on group solidarity damages individualism in
those raised in Israeli kibbitzim. Air force hero and biotech billionaire Kobi Richter claims that he was the subject of one of
its interviews that derided the kibbitz for promoting unrealistic expectations, like being both a fighter pilot and a scientist.
ANSWER: Children of the Dream
[10] Experiences in a concentration camp also produced this Viktor Frankl work, which advocates logotherapy and
describes how the inmate experience degrades from shock to apathy, and the depersonalization and despair that
accompanies life after liberation.
ANSWRE: Man’s Search for Meaning
10. This battle saw the death of the Agiad king Cleombrutus, and would have been even more disastrous had Archidamus
not fled at the approach of a relief force under Jason of Pherae. FTPE:
[10] Identify this 371 BCE victory for the Boetian League over Sparta, famous for Pelopidas's command of the military unit
most associatied with it, the Theban Sacred Band.
ANSWER: Battle of Leuctra
[10] This man, the victorious general at the Battle of Leuctra, rose to fame commanding Theban forces. Although his forces
won the Battle of Mantinea, his death there threw Greece into utter chaos, prompting some philosophers to extend an
invitation to Philip II of Macedon, which led to the Battle of Chaeronea.
ANSWER: Epaminondas
[10] This great Eurypontid king of Sparta, the half-brother of Agis II, secured enough support to rise to power mainly by
rear-ending Lysander, and expanded control through Thessaly and Phrygia by defeating the Persian Tissaphernes. His forces
lost the Battle of Mantinea, and contributed the ensuing chaos by dying two years later.
ANSWER: Agesilaus II
11. The author of this work enjoys puns immensely and also wrote the screenplay to the film Vanishing Point, for 10 points:
[10]Name this novel, in which a group of friends who are partaking in pre-Castro Havanna nightlife take turns relating the
story, and as an example of the author’s penchant for puns, one of the characters who plays in a band is known as Vincent
Bon Gogh.
ANSWER: Three Trapped Tigers [or Tres Tristes Tigres]
[10]This Cuban author of Guilty of Dancing the Chachacha and A View of Dawn from the Tropics wrote Three Trapped
Tigers.
ANSWER: Guillermo Cabrera Infante
[10]In this collection of essays, the name of which is a pun on a Latin phrase asserting blame, holds forth on such subjects
as the “Martyrdom of Marti,” and to hammer the point home that Cabrera Infante enjoys puns and related wordplay, has a
section titled “Castroenteritis” and “Hey Cuba, Hecuba?”
ANSWER: Mea Cuba
12. Encoded by a gene on the short arm of chromosome 17, this protein is negatively regulated by Mdm2 and, along with
RB, is repressed by the large T antigen of simian virus 40. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this protein, whose deficiency causes Li-Fraumeni syndrome.
ANSWER: p53 [accept TP53]
[10] TP53, like RB and RAD51C, is this type of gene. Knudsen’s two-hit hypothesis posits that both copies of this type of
gene must be lost to promote cancer, and their actions are opposed by oncogenes.
ANSWER: tumor suppressor genes
[10] Like TP53, this tumor suppressor gene is located on chromosome 17. Named either for the site of its discovery or for
its role in familial breast cancer, this large protein interacts with BARD1.
ANSWER: BRCA1 [Susan Ferrari’s note: It's almost certainly named for “breast cancer susceptibility”, but there's a
minority of people who are all “aaauughhh it's named for Berkeley, California”]
13. Answer each of the following about non-Wolfgang Amadeus members of the Mozart family for 10 points each.
[10] This elder sister of Wolfgang’s was reportedly a keyboard-playing prodigy of his own caliber, but was unable to
leverage her talent for any kind of compositional success.
ANSWER: Nannerl Mozart [or Maria Anna Walburga Ignatia Mozart]
[10] Wolfgang’s youngest son, a composer in his own right who contributed a Diabelli Variation, is named for this pupil of
Wolfgang’s who finished Wolfgang’s Requiem and composed a notable clarinet concerto for Anton Stadler.
ANSWER: Franz Xaver Süssmayr
[10] This Cassation in G currently attributed to Leopold Mozart was long thought to be the work of Josef Haydn, a fate
shared by Leopold’s “Hunt” Symphony. This work’s non-standard instrumentation has ensured its place in the repertoire to
the present day.
ANSWER: Toy Symphony, (Cassation for toys, 2 oboes, 2 horns & strings) in G major [prompt on Köchel 63]
14. This aide-de-camp to Paul I fought at the Battle of Eylau, and negotiated an 1824 treaty with the United States. FTPE:
[10] Identify this Russian statesmen under Alexander I, who directed the suppression of Lajos Kossuth's Hungarian revolt
and assisted Metternich in forming the conservative Holy Alliance.
ANSWER: Karl Robert Nesselrode
[10] Early in his career, Nesselrode was present at this 1807 negotiation, which saw Frederick William III of Prussia pace
nervously along the banks of the Neman River while Alexander and Napoleon signed the treaty.
ANSWER: Treaties of Tilsit
[10] Nesselrode deployed this great Russian admiral, who made several famous voyages to Asia and secured the Treaty of
Shimoda after an earthquake destroyed his ship and forced him to tolerate talking to the Tokugawa Shogunate for an entire
year. A poor translation of Britain's request to be allowed to find and capture this man led to the Anglo-Japanese Friendship
Treaty of 1854.
ANSWER: Yevfimy Vasilyevich Putyatin
15. This is broadly the class of problems that required the discovery of a best solution among a number of possible ones;
each one corresponds to the decision problem “Is a given solution the best solution?” For 10 points each:
[10] Name this class of problems, hard examples of which include the knapsack and max clique problems.
ANSWER: optimization problems
[10] This procedure transforms one optimization to another such that the quality of a given approximate solution to the first
problem is proportional to the quality of its transform for the transformed problem.
ANSWER: linear reduction [prompt on reduction]
[10] This more conventional form of reduction reduces one problem to another in the sense that it provides a solution to the
second problem given a solution to the first. It shares its namesake with the namesake, sometimes with Alonzo Church, of
the idea that there exists an isomorphism between computable numbers and recursive functions.
ANSWER: Turing reduction
16. In 2002 the Zimbabwe International Book Fair announced the Africa’s 100 Best Books of the 20 th century, for 10 points
each, name an author that made the non-fiction portion of the list.
[10]This Nigerian made the list for his autobiographical memoir, Ake: The Years of Childhood. He is also the author of
another memoir You Must Set Forth at Dawn and plays like The Swamp Dwellers and Death and the King's Horseman.
ANSWER: Wole Soyinka
[10] This man's most famous work was famously prefaced by Bronislaw Malinowski, and expressed particular rage for the
missionaries who sought to "civilize" tribes like the Gikuyu.
ANSWER: Jomo Kenyata
[10]This Ghanaian philosopher and cultural theorist of The Ethics of Identity and Cosmopolitanism earned a spot for his
work In My Father’s House.
ANSWER: Kwame Anthony Appiah
17. This Austrian economist was a strong adherent of Carl Menger’s theories, for 10 points:
[10]Name this Viennese lawyer who developed alternative theories of interest and critiqued Marx’s exploitation theory in
Karl Marx and the Close of his System
ANSWER: Eugene von Bohm-Bawerk
[10]One of Eugene von Bohm-Bawerk’s students, along with Ludwig von Mises, was this economist who developed the
concept of “creative destruction” as well as authoring Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy.
ANSWER: Joseph Schumpeter
[10]Bohm-Bawerk’s magnum opus is this text, which discusses Turgot’s Fructification Theory as well discussing the use
theory of the first title concept according to the Say-Hermann school.
ANSWER: Capital and Interest
18. This expedition spotted what would be Tampa Bay in April of 1528, for 10 points:
[10]Name this expedition that ended in disaster, whose eponymous adelantado, a Spanish explorer commissioned by
Charles V, failed to establish himself as governor of Spanish Florida due to Apalachee hostilities.
ANSWER: Narvaez Expedition
[10]One survivor of the Narvaez expedition was this explorer who wrote a famous “proto-anthropological account” of the
expedition as well as the rest of his time in the Americas, published in 1542 as La Relacion, he would be stranded on
Galveston Island, which he called the “Island of Doom.”
ANSWER: Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca
[10]This document, used to justify such explorations as the Narvaez expedition, drawn up by Juan Palacios Rubios, asked
the Native Indians to understand that the Pope was the political head of the world and demanded that the Indians accept the
sovereignty of the crown by Papal Donation.
ANSWER: Requerimiento
19. It literally means “not two,” for 10 points:
[10]Name this Vedanta school of Hinduism which advocates a monistic system of thought, is generally non-theistic, and
utilizes a Jnana yoga, Adi Shankara is often considered its founder.
ANSWER: Advaita
[10]Advaita Vedanta was popularized in the United States, by this Swami who studied under Ramakrishna, his impassioned
“Brothers and Sisters of America” speech during the Parliament of World Religions at the Art Institute of Chicago
advocating tolerance and religious freedom, earned him national fame.
ANSWER: Swami Vivekananda
[10]A main tenet of Advaita Hinduism is that the self, atman, is not ontologically distinct from this concept, which
represents the infinite, unchanging, universal transcendent reality that is.
ANSWER: Brahman
20. According to this result, if a complex function is continuous on a region and its path integral vanishes on every closed
contour in that region, then that function is analytic. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this theorem, usually proved by considering arbitrary triangles, then extending to arbitrary shapes by exhaustion.
ANSWER: Morera’s theorem
[10] Morera’s theorem is the converse of this more familiar complex analysis theorem, according to which any closed
contour integral of an analytic function vanishes.
ANSWER: Cauchy’s integral theorem [accept residue theorem or Cauchy integral formula]
[10] Any bounded function that satisfies Morera’s theorem on the whole complex plane has this property according to
Liouville’s bound theorem.
ANSWER: constancy [accept word forms like constant; prompt on analytic, holomorphic, or entire]
21. The first lines of this poem suggest that you should “TELL me not, in mournful numbers” that the title concept is “but
an empty dream.” For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this poem which insists that the title concept is “real” and “earnest,” and later asserts that art is long and time is
fleeting.
ANSWER: A “Psalm of Life”
[10] Identify the poet who created “A Psalm of Life,” whose other works include a play about a titular “Spanish Student”
and the long work “Kavanagh: A Tale.”
ANSWER: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
[10] Longfellow inspired this “Sweet Singer of Hartford,” whose conservation minded poems include “The Voice of
Flowers,” “The Weeping Willows,”: and “Zinzendorff.”
ANSWER: Lydia Huntley Sigourney
22. Like Donald Taylor, Shiva rages a lot, but his rages result in cool shit. Answer the following about the fruits of Shiva's
anger.
[10] After Indra asked to be made as great a warrior as Shiva, Shiva's anger manifested into a black shape that birthed this
son, the husband of Vrinda. Shiva made a flaming discus to cut off the head of this figure.
ANSWER: Jalamdhara
[10] After Sati immolated herself as a result of the exclusion of Shiva from a horse sacrifice, Shiva raged and ripped off the
head of this figure, Sati's father. His head was eventually replaced with that of a goat.
ANSWER: Daksha
[10] After Shiva cut off the head of this sdeity, it stuck to his hand. This deity's consort is Sarasvati, the goddess of learning.
ANSWER: Brahma
23. Identify these works by John Singer Sargent for 10 points each.
[10] This canvass shows two young children from the Cotswolds in white gowns lighting Chinese lanterns in a garden filled
with the titular flowers.
ANSWER: Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose
[10] This work shows two guitars hanging from the wall in the upper left, while a woman in a flowing white skirt cavorts in
the middle. More dancers, including one in a bright red dress, frolic on the right.
ANSWER: El Jaleo
[10] Sargent depicted this man in a loose blue shirt Painting by the Edge of a Wood. His own paintings include Hauling a
Boat Ashore and the perennial favorite Still Life with Meat.
ANSWER: Claude Monet
24. Phillip II of Macedonia was educated at the court of this Theban, who was put on trial upon returning home from a
successful campaign in the Peloponnesus. For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this leader who invaded the Peloponnesus four times, which ended with his death by a Spartan at Mantinaea.
ANSWER: Epimanondas
[10] Epimanondas' first efforts in the Peloponnesus began after this victory over a larger phalanx of Spartans, which took
place in Thespiae in 371 BCE.
ANSWER: the Battle of Leuctra
[10] A major component of Epimanondas' success at Leuctra was the efforts of the Sacred Band, led at that time by this
aggressive captain, who supported Epimanondas' decision to fight.
ANSWER: Pelopidas