EVALUATION OF TUNA MEAL AND ITS LACTIC ACID HIDROLIZATE AS PROTEIN SOURCE IN
DIETS FOR TILAPIA
Crisantema Hernándeza *, Miguel A. Olvera-Novoab, Samuel Agramona, Blanca González-Rodríguez
a
b
Laboratory of Nutrition and Larviculture, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), Unidad Mazatlán. A. P. 711, 82010
Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México. *[email protected]
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV), Unidad Mérida. Km 6 antigua carretera a Progreso, 97310 Mérida,
Yucatán, México
During the processing of tuna canning, approximately 60% of the gross weight of the fish are wasted. Nevertheless it is
considered that their transformation and stabilization as tuna meal or its lactic acid silage by-products can produce protein
ingredients with good nutritional value to be used in diets for tilapia, considering that the inclusion of fish hydrolizates have
been widely evaluated in studies of feeding, digestibility and growth of tropical fish species. Additionally, to make more
feasible the use of fish silages with these organisms, its use mixed with grains like wheat or soybean has been successfully
evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of tuna by product protein hydrolyzates (TBPH)
and meal of tuna by-products (TM), in diets based on soybean meal (SBM) for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry.
O. niloticus, supplemented
hidrolizate (TBPH)*
Ingredient (% of
diet as mixed)
with
tuna
byproduct
protein
TPBH
0%
TBP TBPH TBPH TBPH TMH25 -50%
75%
100% 100
%
SBM
78.1
58.6
39.1
19.5
0.0
0.0
TBPH*
0.0
19.0
38.0
57.1
76.1
0
TM
61.6
Analyzed composition (dry matter basis)
Crude protein
37.1
36.7
37.6
37.6
36.9
36.6
Crude lipids
6.1
8.4
9.2
9.8
9.4
8.6
Ash
7.3
8.7
8.3
9.9
10.1
15.4
GE (kcal g-1)
443
440
447
449
449
446
Commercial feed: crude protein; 36.34% crude lipid; 5.62 %; 7.44 %
ash; GE 4.65 (kcal g-1).
Results and Discussion: The best growth response, FCR
was obtained with the treatment with 100% of tuna meal
(TM100, Figure 1) followed by the fish fed CON, TH50
and TH25 diets, whereas the fish that received feeds with
greater inclusions of the lactic acid silage (TH75, TH100)
and the diet with soybean meal (D-SAH0) showed the
lowest growth, which indicates that the hidrolizate of
tuna by-products has an inferior nutritional value to the
one of the tuna meal, nevertheless can replace up to 50%
of the soybean meal with results statistically similar than
those obtained with a commercial diet. This effect was
also observed in the feeding efficiency, with better feed
conversion ratios with diets TM100 and CON, followed
by TH50 and TH25.
Table 2. Growth performance of tilapia fed SBM based diet
supplemented with TBPH (Mean value) n=3
Diet label
Initial
weight (g)
Final
weight (g)
Weight
gain (g)
SGR % d-1
DFI
(g/shrimp)
FCR
Survival
(%)
TPB
H
0%
TBPH25%
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.90
0.89
0.88
0.90
2.9
10.3
10.9
6.4
1.9
20.8
11.7
TBPH- TBPH TBPH TM50%
75% 100% 100
Commercial
2.0
9.4
10.1
50.5
1.0
19.9
10.9
1.9
4.2
4.3
3.3
1.2
5.4
4.4
5.2
2.5
13.1
1.4
13.2
1.3
10.5
1.9
4.3
4.3
21.4
1.1
13.7
1.2
95.5
97.8
97.8
100
95.5
97.8
97.8
It is considered that the addition of tuna by-product lactic
acid silages improves the balance of amino acids in the diet
with soybean meal. Nevertheless tuna meal has better
nutritional characteristics to be used like the sole protein in
diets for24tilapia
Mean body weight (g)
Methods: The experiment comprised six isonitrogenous
(32% crude protein) and isocaloric (4.02 Kcal g-1)
dietary treatments, substitution was done on a equal
digestible protein, and isonitrogenous basis. A basal diet
with SBM as the main protein source, and five test diets
where (tuna byproduct protein hidrolizate) TBPH was
included at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% (Table 1).
The sixth diet contained a commercial tuna byproduct
meal (TM-100). As a control was used a commercial
feed for tilapia. The diets were tested in triplicate tanks
for 8-weeks. Ten juvenile were placed in each 70-L
fiberglass tank forming part of a water recirculation
system. Water temperature was kept at 28 ± 1.1 °C. All
group were fed at 10% of the biomass divided into three
feeding
each day (08:00;
andfor
1700).
Table 1 . Composition
of SBM13:00
based diet
fingerling Nile tilapia
22
TBP H-0
TBP H-25
TBP H-50
20
TBP H-75
TBP H-100
TM -100
Commercial
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
2
4
6
8
Tim e (w eeks)
Figure 1. Growth over a 56-day trial of juvenile tilapia O. niloticus fed
SBM based diet supplemented with tuna byproduct protein
hidrolizate and tuna meal
Conclusions: The results indicate that the tuna byproduct
hydrolyzed by acid lactic fermentation improve the
nutritional value of soybean-based diets for fingerling O.
niloticus without any adverse effects.
Acknowledgements: This research was founded by SAGARPA-CONACYT Project # 12375