Benchmark 3 Review
1. List the different types of chemical and mechanical weathering and provide an example of each.
Chemical Weathering
Example
Mechanical Weathering
Oxidation
Causes rust
Carbonation
Creates caves
Abrasion
Dissolves limestone
Smoothes rocks
Talus Slope
Melts rock
Pollution+water
Differential weathering
Removes statue feature
Holes in rock
Hydrolysis
Dissolution/
Acid Rain
Ice Wedging
Example
Expands and breaks rock
Wears away rock
Rock debris at base of
cliff
Uneven surfaces
2. The rate of chemical weathering would most likely be the highest in –
 a. A hot and wet climate such as a tropical rain forest
b. A hot and dry climate such as a desert
c. A cool and wet climate such as a coniferous forest
d. A cool and dry climate such as a tundra
Explanation of answer: Hot – molecules moving faster- Wet allows chemical
weathering)
LANDFILL
3. What might be the most serious effect of placing a landfill in the location shown above? Explain
your answer.
 The pollutants can get into the water source. Since there is no barrier under the
landfill the pollutants can seep into the ground and over time come in contact with
the pure water source.
4. What will happen to the level of groundwater in the above picture if multiple wells were placed
in the ground? Explain your answer.
 The amount of groundwater will be limited over time to accomodate an increase in
the consumption by all the neighboring homes.
 With too many consumers the groundwater will not be able to replenish itself fast
enough naturally to sustain a fresh water supply.
5. Describe what traits are and where they are located.
 physical characteristic brought about by the expression of a gene or many genes.
Examples of traits are height, eye color
6. Describe the components of Cell Theory.
 The cell is the basic unit of life.
 All living things are made of cells.
 All cells come from pre-existing cells
7. There are two rocks. One rock is very rough and contains tiny holes, while the other rock is very
smooth and shiny. Which rock with break down faster? Explain your answer.
 The rock that is rough and full of tiny hole will break down faster since the water and
other agents can surround each of the particles speeding up the weathering process
8. Where in a cell is genetic information located? What is the genetic information called?
 Nucleus is where the genetic information is located. The genetic information is called
DNA.
9. What type of cell are we made from? Explain answer.
 Animal cells because we have no cell walls and we do not make our own food with our
cells
10. Name and describe the job of each of the following organelles:
Mitochondria – Power house of the cell
Cellular respiration occurs here to release
energy from food for the cell to use
A.
Nucleus - Control center of the cell
B.
Contains the DNA code for the cell coiled into
chromosomes
Cell Wall- Located outside of the cell membrane
 Most commonly found in plant cells
 Rigid and strong maintains the shape of
the cell.
C.
A
B. Grand Canyon
C
11.
What type of weathering or erosion is shown in each picture? Explain your
answer.
 A.ice wedging – Mechanical Weathering
A.  B. abrasion – Wind - Mechanical weathering and Water – chemical
Weathering
B.
 C. Abrasion – Wind - Mechanical Weathering Or Dissolution – Chemical
C.
Weathering
12. Construct a Venn diagram on a plant and animal cell. Compare and contrast how they are similar
and different.
Plant cell:
Cell wall
Chloroplast
1-2 Large
Vacuoles
Both
Cell membrane
cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Nucleus
Animal Cell
Many small
vacuoles
13. What are the “Levels of Organization”? Put them in the correct sequence.
Organelles  Cells  Tissues  Organs  Organ Systems  Organism  population 
Community  Ecosystem
14. What is heredity? Why is it important?
 Traits that are past to you from your parents. It determines what you look like.
15. What does porosity and permeability mean to you? Put the following in order from most porous
to least porous. (Sand, Clay, Gravel)
 Porosity - Amount of space between particles that allow the
passage of liquid through
 Permeability - the ability for liquid to pass through a surface
Gravel
Most porous
Sand
Clay
Least porous
1. List the” levels of organization “form smallest to largest.
Organelles  Cells  Tissues  Organs  Organ Systems
Organism Population Community  Ecosystems
2. Match the following level of organization above to the correct function below:
Groups of organ systems that work together
Basic unit of life
Groups of the same organisms in a particular area
“Organs” of the cell
Groups of different types of tissues that perform a specific job
Group of similar cells that perform the same function
Different groups of populations in same area.
Organism
Cells
Population
Organelle
Organ
Tissue
Community
3. Looking at the levels which is the least complex system represented?
Cells
4. Why are cells considered systems? A
They have parts that perform specialized functions and work with other parts to keep the cell
alive.
5. Which is the most complex system represented in the “levels of organization”?
Ecosystem, because it consists of all of the biotic and abiotic factors in a specific area.
6. What motive would you have for beginning and ending the levels the way you did?
(You are starting with the least complicated going to the most complicated)
7. Where is DNA found inside the cell?
Inside the nucleus coiled into chromosomes
8. What is the function of the cell membrane?
Controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell
9. Identify the organelles that are found in plant cells but not animal cells.
Cell wall, Chloroplast, and a central vacuole
10. Which organelle is most important in releasing energy throughout the cell?
The mitochondria
11. Which organelle holds the cell together?
Cell membrane
12. Photosynthesis occurs in type of cell plant or animal? Which organelle? Does the organelle
have any other function?
Plants cells /In the chloroplast /Photosynthesis and glucose production occurs here.
13. List the 3 parts of the cell theory.
1. The cell is the basic unit of life.
2. All living things are made of cells.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
14.Directions: Label the cells below with the following organelles: Cell Wall, Nucleus, Vacuole,
Cytoplasm, Chloroplast and Cell Membrane.
_Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Vacuole
Nucleus
Nucleus
Vacuole
Cell Wall
Cytoplasm
Chloroplast
Chloroplast
Cell
Membrane
Mitochondria
15. What are three differences between plant cells and animal cells?
1. Shape
2. Plant cell have a cell wall and contain chloroplast. Animal cells do not.
3. Vacuoles are large in plants. Vacuoles are smaller but in greater number in animal.