No energy wasted
Example of an energy
strategy in urban areas
Brussels, 22nd June 2006
Energy efficiency is in discussion
•
•
•
finite fossil energy resources
increasing commodity prices
dependence on unstable political regions
 discussion focused on end energy
 look on use of primary resources is needed!!
District heating in urban area is an
important part of the solution!
2
Development of district heating in Vienna
1969 “Heizbetriebe Wien”, waste incineration and stand alone grids 350MWth capacity
1979 reached production 55% in heat plants and 45% in waste utilisation
Since then new heat sources developed with the use of otherwise wasted energy
Heat plant
6.000
Share 2005
CHP
Waste utilisation
Peak load heat plants 2,5%
4.000
3.000
CHP
66,1 %
Industrial CHP
7,6 %
Waste utilisation
23,8%
2.000
1.000
2005
2003
2001
1999
1997
1995
1993
1991
1989
1987
1985
1983
1981
0
1979
Heat generation for district heating network
[GWh]
Industrial CHP
5.000
3
Primary resource factor (PRF)
PRF Fernwärme Wien
Compare:
Condensing boiler
Heatpump
< 0,30
1,2
0,85
Use it or loose it!
Use of waste heat from industry, power generation and waste
incineration is responsible for low PRF
(Picture: Refinery near Vienna delivers industrial waste heat)
4
Advantages of low Primary resource factor (PRF)
Leads automatically to:
- lower Emissions of greenhouse gases AND air pollutants –
district heating reduced and will reduce the Volume of pollutants
in Vienna
- high security of supply – temporary shortages in gas or oil
supply do not affect us
- lower dependence on fuel prices - price for household
customers have not risen in Vienna since 1991
5
Example for lower emissions in terms of CO2
specific emissions of different heating systems
[kg CO2 / MWh used energy] .
800
Calculation from
federal
environmental agency
756
700
600
500
400
Includes also CO2
from waste incineration
400
300
256
132
200
100
Value without waste
~ 95 kg/MWh used energy
0
coal fired single
combustion
oil fired single
combustion
gas fired central
heating
district heating
6
Today
Market share 35%
5.290 GWh Heat sold
2020
expected market share > 50%
7.500 GWh heat sold
Growth based mainly on
renewables and waste heat!
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New plants already under construction
2006 – biomass CHP
2008 – waste utilisation Pfaffenau
2008 – Geothermal source
2009 – CHP repowering Simmering 1/2
+ 37 MWth
+ 54 MWth
+ 15 MWth
+ 170 MWth
Installations to utilise capacities and to raise efficiency
Additional mesh in the network
+ 100 MW useable
Heat storage facility for district heating
+ 170 MW usable
Planned plants – mid and long term options
Bio fuel plants
Further CHP-Repowering
Coal based CHP including CO2 separation
8
New biomass CHP starts operation in few weeks
max. 66 MWth
Efficiency in CHP mode
> 80 %
600.000 piled metre
woodchips per year
District heating
37,0 MW
Up to 300 GWh per year
Electricity
16,2 MWel
> 140 GWh per year
9
Biggest difference to small biomass plants:
1.
High efficient combined production of electricity and heat
2.
Denox catalytic converter
3.
Bag house filter
this way?
decentral
How would you do it?
or this way?
central
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Initiated development
Share of fuels on supplied heat and share of fuel input for generation [GWh] .
9000
Supplied heat
8000
Therefore used
fuel
7000
oil
 Heat is to 1/3 produced in
plants with renewable energy or
waste as fuel
6000
natural gas
fossil
ressources
5000
2/3
coal (incl. CO2
separation)
4000
industrial waste
32%
3000
renewables
 97 % of the heat is made in
CHP (waste, renewables, fossil)
To produce 2/3 of the heat the
highefficient fossile CHP needs
far less fuel input!
2000
1/3
renewables
and waste
1000
68%
biogenic waste
fossile waste
0
2020
 Therefore the share of
renewables and waste on used
fuels is 60%
2020
11
This development will:
160
 lower PRF < 0,15*
120
 lower specific emissions of district
heating system > 100 t CO2/GWh
(CO2 of waste included)
100
80
60
 further increase security of supply
40
 guarantee low energy costs for
the customers
20
2020
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
-
1990
Specific CO2 emissions [t/GWh]
140
*calculation includes assumption that PRF for electricity in Europe will improve from 2,5 now to 2,1 in 2020
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Consequence of this expansion for Vienna
 Reduction of ~ 2,7 million MWh fossil fuels
Saves about € 53 millions energy import
 38% reduction of CO2 emissions for domestic use
 11% reduction of CO2 emissions for waste treatment
+ 8600 GWh electricity produced in chp mode
~ 1/3 of Austrian thermal electricity production
+ 100% waste recycling in Vienna (energetic and material)
+ 100% of industrial waste heat in the area is used
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= No Energy wasted
What is possible in Vienna
is also possible elsewhere
Thank you for you attention
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