Authors:
Martin Castor
Jonathan Borgvall
Research
2015:20
The effects of mild, acute hypoxia
on cognitive performance
Report number: 2015:20 ISSN: 2000-0456
Available at www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se
SSM 2015:20
SSM perspective
Background
The Swedish nuclear power plant Forsmarks Kraftgrupp AB (FKA)
reported that they wanted to use a fire prevention method by reducing
the oxygen level down to 15% in some locations. The personnel is only
going to work there for a limited number of hours. This fire protection
method has never been used before in any nuclear power plant in spaces
where people work.
The background to the study was the lack of comparable, sufficiently relevant scientific literature on the topic of whether cognitive ability deteriorates or not when the oxygen (O2) level is reduced from the normal
level (21%) to 15%, without habituation. SSM needed more knowledge
of whether the cognitive abilities of the personnel could be affected in a
negative way. The goal of the study was to provide SSM with the basis for
oversight.
Objectives
The study was divided into two parts, a literature study and an experimental part. The phenomenon studied was comparable to the situation
at the nuclear power plant. The persons involved in the experimental
phase were exposed to a change from normal oxygen level to a reduced
oxygen level without having time to adapt. The exposure to 15% oxygen
was 2 h during the first exposure, 2 h during the second exposure and
45 min during the third and final exposure.
Results
The literature review primarily identified evidence that the effects on
cognitive performance due to hypoxia at 15% O2, if any, would be small.
A few researchers have reported findings that support adverse effects on
cognitive performance already at 16-15% O2 concentration. In support of the hypothesis that no adverse effects on cognitive performance
could be observed under conditions studied, there were no significant
decreases in cognitive performance as a result of exposure to the experimental conditions with 15% O2.
This study was clearly delineated and several possible influencing
aspects were not included. Therefore, we cannot rule out possible interaction effects, with negative impact on cognitive ability, between hypoxia
and other factors such as diseases, medication and drugs, concussion
history, or other aspects of air quality.
Need for further research
There are several aspects of this research that should be of interest for
further research by the nuclear industry. SSM has no plans to fund further research.
Project information
Contact person SSM: Yvonne Johansson
Reference: SSM2013-5580
SSM 2015:20
SSM 2015:20
Authors:
Martin Castor, Jonathan Borgvall
GEISTT AB, Kista
2015:20
The effects of mild, acute hypoxia
on cognitive performance
Date: June 2015
Report number: 2015:20 ISSN: 2000-0456
Available at www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se
This report concerns a study which has been conducted for the
Swedish Radiation Safety Authority, SSM. The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report are those of the author/authors and
do not necessarily coincide with those of the SSM.
SSM 2015:20
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The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority has a
comprehensive responsibility to ensure that
society is safe from the effects of radiation.
The Authority works to achieve radiation safety
in a number of areas: nuclear power, medical
care as well as commercial products and
services. The Authority also works to achieve
protection from natural radiation and to
increase the level of radiation safety
internationally.
The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority works
proactively and preventively to protect people
and the environment from the harmful effects
of radiation, now and in the future. The Authority
issues regulations and supervises compliance,
while also supporting research, providing
training and information, and issuing advice.
Often, activities involving radiation require
licences issued by the Authority. The Swedish
Radiation Safety Authority maintains emergency
preparedness around the clock with the aim of
limiting the aftermath of radiation accidents
and the unintentional spreading of radioactive
substances. The Authority participates in
international co-operation in order to promote
radiation safety and finances projects aiming
to raise the level of radiation safety in certain
Eastern European countries.
The Authority reports to the Ministry of the
Environment and has around 300 employees
with competencies in the fields of engineering,
natural and behavioural sciences, law, economics
and communications. We have received quality,
environmental and working environment
certification.
Strålsäkerhetsmyndigheten
Swedish Radiation Safety Authority
SE-171 16 Stockholm
Solna strandväg 96
Tel: +46 8 799 40 00
Fax: +46 8 799 40 10
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se