IBM ^
Objectives
 Describe how CP commands are used and structured
 Explain the importance of the VM Dump Tool and VM Virtual LANs
 List and describe the important and most useful CP commands
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Control Program (CP)
 It provides each user with an individual working virtual machine
environment
 Every virtual machine is a functional equivalent of a real system,
sharing:

Processor functions

Storage

Console

I/O device resources
 It provides connectivity support to exchange information and access
resources
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Real-Machine Resource Manager
 CP is a real-machine resource manager

Handles real machine hardware interrupts and all intercepts

Schedules certain real I/O operations

Manages:
– Real storage
– Expanded storage
– Auxiliary storage
 CP is the only way to communicate with the real resources on
your virtual machine
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Read/Punch/Print
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Cross-System Extension (CSE)
 Allows multiple systems to be
coupled together in a complex
that provides CSE
 Cross-system link extends the
existing CP minidisk access
protocols
 Allows Single System Image
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CSE Capabilities
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Overview of Setting up a CSE Complex
1.
Provide the hardware connections between the processors
1.
Install the IBM VM/Pass-Through Facility (licensed program)
1.
Configure z/VM and the supporting programs with the
information they need to run the CSE complex
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Using CSE as a Hot Backup … HeartBeat
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Inter-System Facility for Communications
 Inter-System Facility for Communications (ISFC) is a function of
CP
 It enables communications between programs written to:

APPC/VM

Communication Services (CS), which is a group of
interconnected VM systems that uses ISFC to communicate with
each other

Specific programming interfaces: IUCV
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The Three Types of Virtual Machines
 The three types of VMs are defined by their storage
configurations

V=R
– CP provides best performance benefits for the VM and it must begin
at location 0

V=F
– Also provides performance benefits but does not have to start at
location 0

V=V
– It does not map the host storage; it pages guest real storage into and
out of the host real storage
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Real Storage in z/VM
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Real Storage in z/VM cont.
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Preferred Virtual Machines
 V=R & V=F Similarities
Store
information in the real
location
Are
mapped into contiguous real
storage
Can
have dedicated real
processors
Have
similar I/O interpretations
and simulation for shared devices
V=R & V=F Differences
V=F can have more than one virtual
machine running, while V=R can
only run one virtual machine
V=F does not start at absolute zero
V=R must start at absolute 0
V=R has better performance
because it does less table
translation than V=F
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Using CP Commands
 z/VM uses the CP command language to configure, tune and
manipulate resources

To control the resources of the real machine
– Processors
– I/O devices
– Networking devices

To control your virtual machine’s configuration and environment
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CP Command Structure
 z/VM’s CP command lines contain a command name and a
positional operand
 Command names are:
– Alphanumeric and less than 12 characters long
– Verbs that describe the function
 Operands are:
– Keywords and symbols 8 characters or less in length
– Not required on some commands
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CP Command Truncations and Abbreviations
 Truncations:
Shorter
form created by dropping
one or more letters from the end of
the command or operand
The
Abbreviations:
Shorter form of command names
They appear below the full name of the
command in the syntax diagram
uppercase letters in the syntax
diagram must remain, but lowercase
letters can be omitted
Operand abbreviations are displayed in
the operand description
For
For the MESSAGE command we could
use:
the QUERY command we could
use:
Query  Full name
que  Truncation
Message  Full Name
Msg  Abbreviation
q  Shortest truncation
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CP Control Tools: VM Guest LAN
 Virtual Adapters
Simulated
by a NIC, such as
HiperSockets and OSA-Express
devices
Can
be operated by a guest
using the same software that
would be used to control the
equivalent hardware
Connectivity for Virtual Adapters
Enables VM users to connect
virtual network adapters to an
emulated LAN
When connected to this virtual
LAN, users can communicate
over a physical LAN segment
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CP Control Tools: VM Dump Tool
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CP Commands
Click to add text
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Privilege Class
Revisited
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ATTACH
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ATTACH
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DEFINE
 The DEFINE command can change your system configuration and allows you
to add new commands and setups to your system
 Usage Notes:
 You can suppress messages from this command by entering  SET
IMSG OFF
 Using the DEFINE command to alter the configuration of your virtual
machine is temporary. Your configuration returns to its original state at
the end of the session
 Using the DEFINE command for I/O configuration is also temporary,
unless you update you I/O configuration program file to make the
changes permanent
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DEDICATE
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DEDICATE – Usage Notes
 Defaults for DEDICATE are:
– CPU ALL
– User ID of the V=R machine
 If there are more virtual processors then real processors, the lowest
virtual addresses are dedicated first.
 Order is not important for CPU and USER.
 It is possible to have your dedicated processor become undedicated
when some commands are issued after DEDICATE. This can be
avoided if you enable automatic dedication.
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INDICATE
 For privilege Class G, it displays:

Recent contention for system resources

Environment characteristics of your virtual machine

Measurements of resources used by your virtual machine
 For privilege Class E (sometimes B or C) it displays:

Detailed information on the use of system resources

The status of currently active virtual machines

Environment characteristics and measurements of resources used by
any virtual machine
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MESSAGE
 The MESSAGE command:
Transmits messages to the virtual console of other active users
 Has the format  Message userid messtosend

 Usage Notes:
Messaging length in the CP environment is limited by the input area of
the terminal
 The SET MSG OFF command suppresses messages
 Messages are displayed only when the display device is ready to receive
output
 If MSG ALL AT ALL is entered in a CSE, every user in every system
receives the message

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VARY (Real Device)
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VARY – Usage Notes
 Usage Notes:

If you specify a list of devices, the summary at the end will list the
devices that were varied online or offline

If your devices were varied online, but a success status does not appear
and no errors occurred, use the FORCE operand to bring them online

The test operand provides the ability to use VARY for a device that would
not normally be allowed by CP
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Conclusion
 CP manages the resources of a single computer so that multiple
computing systems appear to exist
 CSE and ISFC help CP work with other virtual machines to create an
interconnected environment
 Virtual Machines can be set up to run in many different environments,
such as V=V, V=R, and V=F
 CP-supported facilities show how z/VM can be modified and extended
by the CP commands
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Glossary
Cross System Extensions (CSE)- allows users in up to four
interconnected VM systems to participate in a multi-system
environment.
Inter-System Facility for Communications (ISFC)- provides
communications facilities between transaction programs on
interconnected z/VM systems.
Programmed Operator Facility (PROP)- allows remote control of a
virtual machine, enabling limited automation of routine operator
activities
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Glossary
Dynamic Paging Area (DPA)- part of the real storage that CP uses for
virtual machine pages...the real page pool
Operands- keywords and symbols that affect command functions.
Command names- verbs that describe command functions. In z/VM,
they are alphanumeric and less than 12 characters long.
Truncations- shorter forms constructed by dropping one or more letters
from the end of a command or operand name
Abbreviations- short versions of command names
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Glossary
Asynchronous Data Mover Facility (ADMF)- can offload page move
activity onto the I/O processor, freeing the instruction processor
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)- a chip
technology used almost universally for processors today
Cryptography- an effective means of protecting data in computers and
communication systems from unauthorized disclosure
ESCON- a set of products and services that use optical fiber
technology and dynamically modifiable switches called ESCON
Directors
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Glossary
Fiber optic cables- reduce cable bulk, allowing for an increase in the
amount of distance between processors and attached devices, and
improved data transfer rates
FICON- a fiber optic I/O architecture that coexists with and exploits
existing ESCON equipment and infrastructure, but offers improved link
performance and enhanced distance connectivity
Fast Synchronous Data Mover (FSDM)- replaces ADMF on the G5/G6
and all later processors
© 2004 IBM Corporation