UNITED NATIONS
Security Council
HANDBOOK
UEESMUN
2017
UNITED NATIONS
Security Council
Table of Contents
I. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 3
II. Letter from the Chair ............................................................................................................ 4
III. Letter from the Chair ........................................................................................................... 6
IV. Topics ..................................................................................................................................... 8
a.
North Korea’s Nuclear Missile Crisis............................................................................ 8
b.
Violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo ............................................................ 9
V. References ............................................................................................................................. 10
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I. Introduction
The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 when the
Charter of the United Nations was signed. The Charter contains the mission and work of
the United Nations and every action shall act in accordance with the Purposes and
Principles. There are six main organs of the United Nations, one of them is the Security
Council.
According to the Article 24 of the Charter of the United Nations, the Security
Council is mandated to act on behalf of all members of the United Nations to “ensure
prompt and effective action” with respect to the maintenance of international (United
Nations Charter, Art. 24). Also, the Security Council takes the lead in determining the
existence of a threat to the peace or act of aggression. In order to take actions the
Security Council can impose sanctions or even authorize the use of force to maintain or
restore international peace and security (United Nations, n.d.).
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II. Letter from the Chair
“Initiative is doing the right thing without being told.”
- Elbert Hubbard
Dear Delegates,
In times like ours, where globalization has been the phenomenon that has
allowed us to know about what happens around the world almost instantly, where
discussions, debates and thoughts are shared in social networks, and unfortunately the
time that we know that in different parts of the world there are nations who are not
recognized; terrorism has become the modus operandi to evoke ideologies; people dying
of hunger, diseases, wars and conflicts. We live in a world where being a simple
spectator has become the norm. Although it is common to hear that we are the
"generation of change" or that “future is in your hands”. However, we are more than
that. We are people who believe that it is possible to change the world for good.
The differences in ideology between each individual will always exist.
Everything is a construction of ideas based on their own context. I personally believe
and consider important to recognize what is ‘best’. From now on, you are going to make
decisions that affect others, and that is why I ask you to analyze beyond the best,
considering respect and value for the beliefs, ways of life, culture and traditions of other
peoples. The initiative is key, but also the innovation so that all these factors are
considered in resolutions based on the respect for the other.
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My advice to you is, that you can take advantage of the time you have in the
model as a mean of preparation, a way to know yourself and discover your future goals.
Let it be an atmosphere of dialogue, generation of ideas and construction of resolutions
that reflect your concern and your desire to reach a better world.
I truly thank you for taking this initiative and for your participation in the
UEESMUN 2017, you are going to immerse in a path of learning. No less important to
mention that in this committee it is easy to get lost in the power of representing
countries with great influence over others, however, this is the space for each voice to
be heard.
Finally, it is an honor to welcome you and wish you an enriching experience.
Not only as Chair of the Security Council, but also as a human being willing to take
action every day in favor of the other, cherishing that every initiative is made for a
greater good. I will share with you my knowledge, my experience and especially all my
passion in helping others.
Yours truly,
Maria Valentina Alvarado
Chairman of the Security Council
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III. Letter from the Chair
“History teaches us that unity is strength, and cautions us to submerge and overcome
our differences in the quest for common goals, to strive, with all our combined strength,
for the path to true African brotherhood and unity.”
-Haile Selassie
Dear Delegates,
The world we live in is not made up of flowers and rainbows. It's made up of
good and bad people. Some trying to make a difference while others wanting to leave a
legacy at all cost. But everyone has the right to feel safe in their home, not hope and
pray they can have a better tomorrow. They shouldn't feel that peace is a privilege and
life is about surviving. The United Nations knows this and focuses on trying to make
people feel secure worldwide. This is why they have the Security Council. As a source
to fight for the security of not one nation but everyone in this world.
Delegates being part of this model is a privilege and a chance to be in the shoes
of those taking decision that affect many people. It gives you a perspective of how and
why decisions are made the way they are. As you already know any decisions a country
makes affects everyone around their home country and foreign countries as well.
UEESMUN is an opportunity for oneself to grow intellectually and learn about foreign
nations one may not have known about. These opportunities should not be taken for
granted but taken as a learning growth experiences.
I am very confident on all of you because I know you will make the most of this
UEESMUN. You should be proud of yourself for taking this heavy task that will be
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rewarding forever. I know you will give your 100% and will represent each country
with great pride. Coming into a decision is difficult but not impossible and everyone
must embrace their nation's differences. Trust yourself and make sure to enjoy this
experience. I welcome you to be part of the Security Council.
Sincerely,
Anggie Luna
Co-Chairman of Security Council
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IV. Topics
a. North Korea’s Nuclear Missile Crisis
North Korea as we know it is a country that isolates itself from the world. It is a
country that everyone is always watching because they do not cooperated with the
world with much effort. North Korea has a nuclear program that countries are always
concern about especially those around them and their main enemies. North Korea has
conducted five nuclear tests that are apparently the most powerful that they have test in
their history. In violation of UN Security Council resolutions, North Korea continues
overt nuclear enrichment and long-range missile development efforts. Although the
scope of North Korea’s uranium enrichment program remains uncertain, U.S.
intelligence agencies estimate that it has enough plutonium to produce five nuclear
weapons.
North Korea is a nuclear power with a complex relationship with China, and
preventing both an interstate Korean war and a North Korean internal collapse are
critical U.S. national security interests. Small-scale military and cyber provocations by
North Korea pose significant risks as each incident carries with it the potential for
escalation. Outright threats from North Korean Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un are also
cause for concern (Global Conflict Tracker, 2016).
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b. Violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Democratic Republic of Congo is a vast country with immense economic resources
and, until recently, has been at the center of what some observers call "Africa's world
war", with widespread civilian suffering the result. The war claimed an up to six million
lives, either as a direct result of fighting or because of disease and malnutrition (BBC,
2016).
According to the Global Conflict Tracker (2016) at least seventy armed groups are
believed to be currently operating in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of
Congo (DRC). The stronger militant groups in the region, like the Democratic Forces
for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) and the Ugandan Allied Democratic Forces
(ADF), continue to terrorize communities and control weakly governed areas of the
country, financing their activities by exploiting the country’s rich natural resources.
Despite the work from the missions of the UN peacekeepers. It has been considered the
conflict in DRC really complex and the violence to the civilians is visible. More than
five million people have been killed in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in the
past 20 years (War Child, n.d.).
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V. References
BBC. (2016). DR Congo country profile. Retrieved from
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13283212
Charter of the United Nations. (1945). Retrieved from http://www.un.org/en/charterunited-nations/index.html
Global Conflict Tracker. (2016). North Korea Crisis. Retrieved from
http://www.cfr.org/global/global-conflict-tracker/p32137#!/conflict/north-koreacrisis
Global Conflict Tracker. (2016). Violence in Congo. Retrieved from
http://www.cfr.org/global/global-conflict-tracker/p32137#!/conflict/violence-inthe-democratic-republic-of-congo
United Nations. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.un.org/en/sc/about/
War Child. (n.d.). Democratic Republic of Congo. https://www.warchild.org.uk/whatwe-do/projects/drc
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