29th August 2017 | ESPO conference, Barcelona
Decarbonisation of ports and port industry
Turning the challenge into an opportunity
Clemens Schneider, Wuppertal Institute
Low carbon ports are a major constituent of a low
carbon economy.
Transport to and from the port is low carbon.
The port industry produces and handles products
with zero GHG footprint as well as with no GHG
emissions after their lifetime.
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(I) Transport to and from as well as within the port is low
carbon.
Change of infrastructure.
methanol
liquefid
methane
modall shift
synthetic
diesel
green
warehousing
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(II) The port industry produces and handles products
with zero GHG footprint as well as with no GHG
emissions after their lifetime.
Half of today‘s EU-28 territorial
CO2 emissions have previously
passed the major EU ports.
 Change of business model
required.
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Relevance of freight transport:
Low carbon ports will be a major hub in future closed
carbon cycles.
Raw materials
extraction
Basic materials
Manufacturing
Recycling
Product use
Carbon Capture
& Storage (CCS)
• Amount of future flows?
• Geographical scope?
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Electrification can transform the whole energy system:
Example: German energy flow in 2050 with direct
electrification and high efficiency strategy (TWh)
FE
conversion
use
materials
useful
energy
30.05.2015
electricity
generation
1 914
2 016
electrolysis
synfuel 130
production
ambient heat
72
direct solar
29
282
639
synthetic
methane 362
production
1 004
PE
industry
379
households
149
services
153
transport 395
PE losses 557
FE losses
6
173
Electrification can transform the whole energy system:
Example: German energy flow scenario in 2050 with indirect
electrification and high efficiency strategy (TWh)
30.05.2015
direct solar
29
755
379
households
services
149
153
transport
282
Could be (partially)
imported as H2, or
syngas or synfuel
PE losses
1 259
72
synfuel
production
923
ambient heat
electrolysis
industry
materials
useful
energy
2 037
electricity
generation
2 845
2 946
synthetic
methane
production
use
1 004
FE
conversion
624
PE
FE losses
402
7
In spite of alternatives (like battery electric cars) import of
liquid low carbon fuels could be still of relevance.
25
1000
20
800
15
600
10
400
gasoline car today
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DMFC car2020
synfuel (gasoline) use
methanol ICE
car2020
methanol import
0
methanol import & use
0
methanol import & use
5
gasoline use
200
GJ / 15'000 km
1200
crude oil import
litres / 15'000 km
Energy required to fuel one standard passenger car p.a (15'000 km)
amount
of fuel
in litres
amount
of fuel
in GJ
MTG gasoline car 2020
8
CCS may be a niche business for some EU ports with good
geographical conditions and existing competitive clusters.
offsor e
Port area
steam
reforming
hinterland
hydrogen
LPG
crude oil
naphtha
crude
oil
ADU/
VDU
oil residue
gasifica on
steam
cracker
FCC
oil products
petrochemical
produc on
(plas cs,
solvents, ...)
product
market
petrochemicals
fuels
other oil
conversion
petrochemicals
oil products
fuel market
steam
Other
hinterland
CO2 sources?
h
CO2
storage
CO2
electricity
market
biomass
waste
heat /
cogenera on
thermal electricity
genera on
legend
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process
A
ressource / product
w
flo
heat / w
steam flo
electricity flo
CO2 flo
process today in use
or in construc on
process
A
process today in use
which will have to be
retrofi ed
process
A
greenfield investment
9
Ports could be first movers in a Power-to-X economy.
offsor e
Port area
water electrolysis
hinterland
hydrogen
naphtha
crude oil
crude
oil
ADU/
VDU
oil residue
gasifica on
steam
cracker
FCC
oil products
petrochemical
produc on
(plas cs,
solvents, ...)
h
product
market
petrochemicals
fuels
other oil
conversion
petrochemicals
fuel market
oil products
steam
electricity
market
biomass
waste
PV /
wind
heat /
cogenera on
P2H
legend
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process
A
ressource / product
w
flo
heat / w
steam flo
electricity flo
CO2 flo
process today in use
or in construc on
process
A
process today in use
which will have to be
retrofi ed
process
A
greenfield investment
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Rotterdam example: Stepwise approach to consistent
scenario definition
Global
EU
• Global GHG mitigation effort level
I
4° I
2°
I
• EU GHG emission reduction target & policy
I BAU I
-80%
I
-90 to -95%
I
• Economic strategy of the port’s industrial cluster
BAU
I Technological Progress I Bio & CCS I Closed Carbon Cycle I
Port economy
Development of scenarios and discussion of scenarios with stakeholders
I
Rotterdam example: Investment cycles, future markets
and strategic decisions shape the scenarios.
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13
Pathways and opportunities for the Port of Rotterdam
industrial cluster
FINAL REPORT
Clemens Schneider|
[email protected]
Decarbonization Pathways
for the Industrial Cluster of the
Port of Rotterdam
Thank you
For your Attention
For further information:
www.wupperinst.org
Authors
Sascha Samadi
Stefan Lechtenböhmer
Clemens Schneider
Karin Arnold
Manfred Fischedick
Dietmar Schüwer
Andreas Pastowski
On behalf of:
Wuppertal, September 2016
(Revised version, October 2016)
10.06.2016
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Identified potential for new economic activity at the Port
of Rotterdam in a decarbonising world.
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