LO:
Recap: Issues with water in HICs
There are problems in supplying water in MEDCs.
These are:
•
the quality of available water
•
distribution
•
the seasonal changes in supply
•
broken pipes when transporting water
Both water supply and the demand for water need
to be managed.
Managing water supply
In the UK there is a big issue with water supply. Areas which
receive high amounts of rainfall tend to be sparsely populated.
One third of the UK population live in South East England. This
is also the driest area in the UK.
Ways to manage the water supply include:
•
making sure the broken pipes are mended (as
water loss from broken pipes can be as much as 30 per
cent)
•
using reservoirs and dams in one area to pipe
water into large urban areas
•
making sure that the water supply is of good
quality - reducing fertiliser use on farms helps this
The same issues happen in the USA and we will explore water
management further in our last case study ‘The Colorado
River basin’.
Managing water demand
• The demand for domestic water can be monitored. Households
with water meters in the UK use less water in general than those
without. Households can also conserve water. Ways to do this are:
•
having a shower not a bath
•
collecting rainwater to use on the garden rather than
tap water
•
recycling bath water to flush the toilets with
•
installing more efficient versions of appliances such as
washing machines
• Industries can also look to recycle waste water. For example, when
using water for cooling in steel-making, the water can be recycled
again and again in the process.
• In agriculture, drip-feed irrigation systems could be used rather
than sprinkler systems.
How can we conserve water?
• List at least 5 ways from the video above…..
How can we conserve water around
the home….
Saving water in industry and farming
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r18yZCdcFV8
Good link to Paper 1: Sustainable companies and reducing impact of Climate change
PepsiCo says its water conservation efforts saved the company more than $80 million between 2011-2015.
“As a global food and beverage company, water is the lifeblood of our business and the many communities we
serve,” PepsiCo’s Al Halvorsen, senior director environmental sustainability global operations, told
Environmental Leader. “Conserving water across our global enterprise can have a huge impact on our
communities and our planet. From a business perspective, these efforts help us lower our operating costs. By
doing more with less, we are able to increase our agricultural yields, strengthen our water infrastructure and
deliver cost savings.”
http://www.pepsico.com/live/pressrelease/pepsico-exceeds-global-water-stewardship-goals08292016
Industry: Case study Walkers crisps,
Leicester
Task: use the
resources on p155 to
explain how water
can be conserved in
industry
Walkers have reduced their water
usage by 50% saving 700 million
liters of water a year.
• They have installed water meters
• Recycled water in production
process
• Educated employees about
wasting water in sanitation
processes- ‘water champions’
Agriculture water conservation in HICs
Explain why drip
irrigation is more
efficient
Drip irrgation
• Use of water in irrigation systems is being
carefully managed by the use of modern,
more efficient systems. Drip-feed and sprinkle
systems use much less water than irrigation
channels and ditches. It is estimated that drip
systems are 90% efficient, with only 10% lost
to evaporation, whilst channels and ditches
may be only 50% efficient.
Q: Examine why water management
different in LICs and HICs? (6)
Mark scheme
• You need to clearly explain a water
management scheme in an LIC and HIC- within
this case study specific details need to
included and you need to clearly explain how
this manages the water issue
• Explanation of why the management schemes
needs in HICs and LICs are different must be
included to achieve a level 3 (5-6 mark
answer)