Ionic bonding
Task – what ions?
a) Use a copy of the periodic table to help you complete the table below.
Atom
electrons lost or gained
ion formed
H
O
Mg
Ne
Cl
Na
Al
NB Ions can also be groups of covalently bonded atoms that also have a charge e.g. NH4
+
2-
(ammonium ion) and SO4 (sulphate ion).
b) Use the information given to work out the formula for at least 3 ionic
compounds.
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Ionic bonding
Task – true or false?
Read the statements and decide whether they are true or false.
true
1
An ion is positively charged.
2
Rubidium is less reactive than potassium.
3
Ionic compounds are hard but brittle.
4
Magnesium fluoride has the formula MgF
5
Ionic compounds only conduct electricity when dissolved in
water.
6
Ar, K and Cl have the same electron configuration.
7
The electron configuration of sulfur is 2,8,6.
8
Calcium ions are Ca3+.
9
The electron configuration of vanadium is 2,8,8,2,3.
+
2
false
.
-
10 Ionic compounds tend to have low melting points.
11 Lithium nitride is Li2N.
12 Fluorine has 9 neutrons.
13
The reaction of sodium and water gives sodium oxide and
hydrogen gas.
Ionic bonds are strong.
14 This is because ........................................................................
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Ionic bonding
Answers
Task – what ions?
Atom
electrons lost or gained
H
1 lost
O
2 gained
Mg
2 lost
Ne
0 lost or gained
Cl
1 gained
Na
1 lost
Al
3 lost
ion formed
+
H
2-
O
2+
Mg
–
Cl
Na
Al
-
+
3+
Task – true or false?
1.
False
- ions can be negative too
2.
False
- Rb is lower down so more reactive
3.
True
- closely-packed, regular structure
4.
True
- (Mg
5.
False
- when molten too
6.
True
- all are 2,8,8
7.
True
8.
False
- Ca
9.
False
- V is 2,8,8,5
2+
2+
-
and F )
(it’s in group 2!)
10. False
- normally fairly high because of many strong ionic bonds
11. False
- Li N (Li and N )
12. False
- it has 10
13. False
- sodium + water → sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
14. True
- because of the 3-dimensional attraction between many positive and negative ions
+
3-
3
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