• Dispositional Attribution
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Social psychology - Social cognition
The actor-observer difference is a
refinement of this bias, the tendency to
make dispositional attributions for other
people's behavior and situational
attributions for our own.:107 The selfserving bias is the tendency to attribute
dispositional causes for successes, and
situational causes for failure, particularly
when self-esteem is threatened
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Persuasion - Attribution Theory
A citizen criticizing a president by
saying the nation is lacking economic
progress and health because the
president is either lazy or lacking in
economic intuition is utilizing a
dispositional attribution.
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Persuasion - Attribution Theory
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When trying to persuade others to like us
or another person, we tend to explain
positive behaviors and accomplishments
with dispositional attribution, and negative
behaviors and shortcomings with
situational attributions.
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Attribution theory - Dispositional attributions
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Dispositional attribution is a tendency
to attribute people’s behaviors to their
dispositions; that is, to their
personality, character, and
ability.Pettigrew, 1979
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Attribution theory - Dispositional attributions
Therefore, the customer made
dispositional attribution by attributing
the waiter’s behavior directly to
his/her personality rather than
considering situational factors that
might have caused the whole
“rudeness”.Graham, Folkes
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Persuade - Attribution Theory
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A citizen criticizing a president by saying
the nation is lacking economic progress
and health because the president is either
lazy or lacking in economic intuition is
utilizing a dispositional attribution.
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-dispositional-attribution-toolkit.html
Persuade - Attribution Theory
1
When trying to persuade others to like us
or another person, we tend to explain
positive behaviors and accomplishments
with dispositional attribution, but our own
negative behaviors and shortcomings with
situational
attributions.http://changingminds.org/expla
nations/theories/fundamental_attribution_e
rror.htm
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Social psychology (psychology) - Social cognition
The actor-observer difference is a
refinement of this bias, the tendency to
make dispositional attributions for other
people's behavior and situational
attributions for our own
1
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Emotional labor - Determinants of using emotional labor
# Dispositional
attribution|Dispositional traits and
inner feeling on the job; such as
employee's emotional expressiveness,
which refers to the capability to use
facial expressions, voice, gestures,
and body movements to transmit
emotions;Friedman, H
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Stanford prison experiment - Conclusions
The results of the experiment favor
Attribution theory|situational attribution of
behavior rather than dispositional
attribution (a result caused by internal
characteristics)
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Attribution bias - Harold Kelley
Kelley proposed that we are more
likely to make dispositional
attributions when consensus is low
(most other people don't behave in the
same way), consistency is high (a
person behaves this way across most
situations), and distinctiveness is low
(a person's behavior is not unique to
this situation)
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Attribution bias - Intergroup relations
In particular, elementary school
students are more likely to make
dispositional attributions when their
friends perform positive behaviors,
but situational attributions when
disliked peers perform positive
behaviors
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Base rate fallacy - Findings in psychology
Richard Nisbett has argued that some
attributional biases like the fundamental
attribution error are instances of the base
rate fallacy: people underutilize consensus
information (the base rate) about how
others behaved in similar situations and
instead prefer simpler dispositional
attributions.
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False consensus effect
Instead of looking at situational
attributions, personality psychology
evaluates a person with dispositional
attributions, making the false-consensus
effect relatively irrelevant in that domain
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Dispositional attribution
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'Dispositional attribution' is the explanation of
individual human behavior|behavior as a
result caused by internal characteristics that
reside within the individual, as opposed to
external (situational) influences that stem
from the Social environment|environment or
culture in which that individual is found.
'Dispositionalism' is the general tendency to
prefer dispositional attribution rather than
situational attribution.
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