Oracle 10g: A Platform for
Enterprise GeoSpatial Applications
Daniel M. Seurer
Technical Sales Consultant
Oracle Public Sector
Oracle Corporation
Overview
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Market & Technology Trends
Spatial Strategy and Customers
Oracle Spatial
Customer Examples
What’s New in Oracle 10g
Location has become ubiquitous
 Location Aware and Enabled Infrastructure
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Mobile devices: Commercial commoditization
Web Portals: MapQuest -Yahoo, Vicinity – Microsoft
Defense: RT asset management
Logistics: RT supply chain management
 Automobiles: by 2008, 80% of new cars will have
some telematics navigation access (eyeforauto 2004)
 Location-enabled Business Apps
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CRM, Sales, Marketing, Billing, Supply Chain
Transformation of Spatial Computing
Client
Server
3-Tier
Architecture
GIS
Program
Spatial
Components
Proprietary
Spatial Data
XML, GML
SVG, PDF
Proprietary
Middleware
Department
GIS
Spatial
Databases
Enterprises
Web Services
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Oracle10g Spatial
Why Manage Spatial Data in a
Database?
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Fast access for many simultaneous users
Common environment for spatial and tabular data
SQL access
Database Administration (user accounts, resource
management, security, fine-grained auditing, Virtual
Private database)
Advanced Security
Backup and Recovery
Failover Support
Advanced Replication
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Oracle Spatial History
Oracle 10g
Oracle
9.2.0
Geocoder, GeoRaste
Network Data Model,
Topology, Spatial
Analytic Functions
Oracle 9i
Whole Earth Geometry
Oracle
Model,
Function-based
8.1.7
Oracle
indexes,
Java Classes Object replication,
8.1.6
Projections Partitioning
Oracle8i
Linear Referencing
R-Tree Indexing
Oracle Spatial
Points, Lines, Polygons
Circles, Arcs
Oracle 8.0.4
Additional Spatial Operators
Spatial Cartridge
Faster Performance
Objects, Geocoding Framework
Oracle 7.3.3
Points, Lines, Polygons
Spatial Data Option
Spatial Operators
40% Faster Performance
Oracle 7.1.6
MultiDimension
Oracle7
Points, Lines, Polygons
Spatial Operators
Points Only
No Spatial Capability
1994
1995
1997 1998 1999
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Oracle9i Location Capabilities
Spatial Indexing
Spatial Data Types
All Spatial Data
Stored in the Database
Oracle
Spatial
Fast Access to
Spatial Data
Spatial Access Through SQL
SELECT STREET_NAME FROM ROADS, COUNTIES
WHERE SDO_RELATE(road_geom, county_geom,
‘MASK=ANYINTERACT QUERYTYPE=WINDOW’) =‘TRUE’
AND COUNTYNAME=‘PASSAIC’;
Storing Simple Geometry in a
DBMS
Fisher Circle
Coop Court
85th St.
Road
ROAD_ID
NAME
SURFACE
LANES
1
Pine Cir.
Asphalt
4
2
2nd St.
Asphalt
2
3
3rd St.
Asphalt
2
LOCATION
Indexing Spatial Data
create index road_SIDX on road(GEOM)
indextype is mdsys.spatial_index
parameters ('layer_gtype=multiline');
Fisher Circle
Coop Court
85th St.
Road
ROAD_ID
NAME
SURFACE
LANES
1
Fisher Cir.
Asphalt
4
2
Coop Ct.
Asphalt
2
3
85th St.
Asphalt
2
LOCATION
A Location Query
Find all Indian restaurants within 5 miles of my hotel
Bengali
Curry House
Hilton
Main Street
5 miles
SQL> SELECT R.Restaurant_name
2>
FROM Restaurants R,
3>
Hotels H
4> WHERE R.Restaurant_type =‘INDIAN’
The Madras
5>
AND H.Hotel_name = ‘HILTON’
6>
AND MDSYS.SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE(
6>
R.Location, H.Location,
7>
‘distance=5 unit=mile’)
8>
= ‘TRUE’;
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Spatial Operators
 Full range of spatial operators
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Implemented as functional extensions in SQL
Topological Masks
 Inside
Contains
 TouchDisjoint
 Covers
Covered By
 Equal
Overlap Boundary
Distance Operators
 Within Distance
 Nearest Neighbor
INSIDE
Hospital #2
X Distance
Hospital #1
Main Street
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Spatial Functions
 Returns a geometry
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Union
Difference
Intersect
XOR
Buffer
Centroid
ConvexHull
 Returns a number
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LENGTH
AREA
Distance
Original
Union
ConvexHull
ABC Plastics Co
Well#123
Well#409
Acme Industry
Well#14
Well#345
Well#334
Difference
Intersect
XYX
Chemicals
Well#596
XOR
Spatial
Index
Advisor
 Oracle Enterprise
Manager (OEM)
 One tool to manage
spatial and nonspatial data
 Tuning wizards
 Indexing Techniques
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Quadtree
R-tree
MapViewer
 Build / visualize custom maps using
XML API’s, Java and JSP tag libraries
 Executes in OC4J
 Supports business geographics and
spatial analysis
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Identify / Query complex data
Uses 9i DB Spatial / Locator
 Designed for integration with Location–
based Services, Business Applications
and Wireless platforms
Oracle10g: Defining a Spatial DBMS
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SQL Spatial Type
R-tree index
Spatial Operators
Spatial Reference System
Geodetic (lat/long) Support
Linear Referencing
Spatial Aggregates
Long Transactions
Parallel Index, Query, Load
Partitioning
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GeoRaster Type
Network Data Schema
Topology Data Schema
Geocoding Engine
Routing Engine
Spatial Data Analysis / Mining
GML Support
SVG Support
Oriented Point Storage
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Security of GeoSpatial and Design Data
Data Security
User Security
Network Security
uthenticate
Authenticate
Privacy &
integrity of
communications
Boundary a
Infrastructure
Boundary bPoint a
Building a
Building bInfra B
Point b
Boundary c
Building C
Patakos
brown
cho931
ellison
ang973
fitzger
johnso
garcia
Build D Infra C
Infrastructure D
Point c
els 666
duffy
nussbaum
Access
control
Privacy &
integrity of
data
Comprehensive
auditing
DeFacto Standard for GeoSpatial
Types in DBMS
Locations
(points)
Networks
(lines)
Parcels
(polygons)
Data
Imagery
(raster, grids)
Topological Relations
(persistent topology)
Addresses
(geocoded points)
GIS and Spatial Databases
Complementary Technologies
Technology
Task
GIS and
Spatial
Components
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Data load
Editing
Visualization
Mapping
Analysis
Cartography
Spatial
Data
Database
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Storage & Admin
Indexing
Security
User Mgmt
Query
Versioning
Scalability
Integrating all Information
 Relate associated information to spatial locations
 records
 images
 drawings
 maps
 documents
Approach 1:
Enterprise GeoSpatial Solutions
Data Collection
Records
Production
Dissemination
Spatial
Surveys
GPS
Enterprise New Features
Databases & Photogrammetry
Applications Online Updates
Parcel Updates
Integration
Long
Transactions
Versioning
Topology Mgmt.
Quality Control
Security
Compilation
Media
Production
Web Delivery
Online Query
Online updates
Personalization
Billing
Approach 2:
Spatially-enabled Business Apps
Mobile
Clients
Outage Mgmt
MicroStation
ProjectWise
Files
Asset Mgmt
Web Services
CIM/CRM
Java
SQL
XML/SOAP
Oracle10g Spatial
SQL
Oracle Spatial Benefits
 Location-enable ALL Business Applications
 Manage vector, raster and business data
 Out-of-box data models and schemas
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Geometry, Networks, Topology, Addresses, etc.
 Easier integration with core business data – realize
value from geo spatial data investments
 Scales from department to enterprise; from Internet,
wireless and web services
 Open programming standards, Java, SQL, XML,
.NET, OGC, ISO and emerging interoperability
standards
What the Analysts are Saying
about Oracle Spatial…
“In repeated surveys, IDC has found that
Oracle is used in an 80%-90% share of
Spatial Information Management oriented
database installations.”
IDC, December 2002
Bentley / Oracle Spatial:
Serving Customers for 8 Years
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AEM Torino (Italy)
Brussels Cadastre (Belgium)
Berlin Brandenburg International Airport (Germany)
City of Paris (France)
City of Helsinki (Finland)
Czech Cadastre (Czech Republic)
Czech Telecom (Czech Republic)
EPCOR, Edmonton (Canada)
USACE Savannah District (USA)
US Dept. of Energy, Savannah River (USA)
Fort Hood, DPWRMD (USA)
City of Toronto (Canada)
City of Minneapolis Public Works (USA)
Maryland State Highway Administration (USA)
Fleet Management
Oracle & ESRI Platform
ArcView
Via Read-Only
Direct
Connect
Or ArcSDE
ArcIMS Client
Application Server
ArcIMS
ArcEditor/ArcInfo
Via Read-Write
Direct Connect
Or ArcSDE
Oracle 10g AS
ArcSDE
Oracle 10g/ Spatial
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Oracle/ESRI
Best Practices
Performance Expectations
No longer performance difference between Oracle
Spatial type and ESRI SDE binary type
 Fetch performance of Spatial DBMS objects compared to
proprietary binaries should be no more than +/- 10 to 15
percent
 Anything above 15 percent difference indicates an anomaly:
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Poor application or database design
Incorrect configuration
software bugs
 Check rendering engine for performance bottlenecks
New York City
 Developed standardized digital
basemap for all agencies
 6,000 miles of underground
pipes
 1 million water/sewer
connections
 32,000 sq. miles of
Infrastructure Data
 7,500 digital photographs
 Using Bentley, ESRI, MapInfo,
GE Smallworld …..
 The Office of Emergency
Management created a public
site for emergency
preparedness
Integrated NYC Spatial Architecture
GIS Specialist Systems
Location-enabled Business Applications
Environmental
Management
Transportation
Crime
Monitoring
DPW Services
Health & Social
Services
Education
Logistics Management
Core Spatial & Business
Data Repository
Oracle
Spatial
Topographic/Raster
Cadastre
Geo-coded Address
Street Center Lines
Assets
Environmental
Transport
Health/Social services
Education
Crime
Financial Management
Citizen Portal
Asset Maintenance
Criminal Justice
Health Planning
UK Ordnance Survey
Data Collection
Surveys
GPS
New Features
Photogrammetry
Online Updates
Secure extraction
Records
Records
Spatial
Spatial Records
Spatial
Production
Parcel Updates
Integration
Long Transactions
Versioning
Topology Mgmt.
Quality Control
Security
Dissemination
Compilation
Media Production
Web Delivery
Online Query
Online updates
Personalization
Billing
Security
UK Ordnance Survey
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Store and maintain once, use many times
Reduce deployment costs
Reduce maintenance costs
Improve data integration
Improve systems integration
Facilitate new product opportunities
Increase business agility
Standards and COTS based
Current Environment
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Existing systems lack agility
Difficult to
integrate/interoperate
Very costly to maintain
Complex bespoke
developments
Editors
DCQTCS GRACE
APS
FEP
Sls & Mktng
Stats
DMS
Prod Sched
Systems
LMS
MOSAIC
ROADS
DDMS
DCS
CFS
RAMS
HSM
CMS
Def Reg
GMS
GDW/S
CSAM
GMS2
Mercury
(GOS)
FTP
38
eDCS
Sizing
Type of Data
Raw Data
Size (GB)
350
Spatial Indexes
70
Transient Tables required during
Spatial Index Creation / Re-Build
40
Non-Spatial Indexes
20
450 million features
History (10% change per year for 5 years)
175
History Spatial Indexes
20
Transient Tables required during
Spatial Index Creation / Re-Build
10
History Non-Spatial Indexes
10
Database Structures (system, undo, etc.)
100
Contingency at 25%
200
Total
995 GB
US Census Bureau 2010 TIGER
 World’s largest Topology Maintenance Project
 Census standardized on Oracle10g Spatial for
2010 Topology Modernization Project
 Using Oracle10g Topology
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Data Maintenance
Referential Integrity
Persistent Topology
Open Solution
Oracle Spatial in Agriculture,
Mapping Agencies, Cadastres
 Agriculture Agencies:
Ireland Ministry of Agric.
Netherlands Min of Agric.
Poland Min of Agric.
Italian Min of Agric.
 Cadastres:
The Netherlands
Poland
Denmark
Czech Republic
 Environment:
UK Environment Agency
U.S. EPA
 Mapping Agencies:
UK Ordnance Survey
NI Ordnance Survey
Ordnance Survey Ireland
SOGEI (Italy)
NGA (USA)
USGS (USA)
Census Bureau (USA)
Australia
 Hydrographic Agencies
– Canada
– Australia
– United Kingdom
– US Navy …
The Most Popular Spatial
Database
 Local Authorities
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New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Jose, San Mateo, Washington DC,
Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit, Phoenix, Helsinki, Toronto, Winnipeg, Vancouver,
Edmonton, Malmo, Stockholm, Paris, …
 Utilities
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Omaha Public Power, Reliant, Epcor, US DoE, Western Power Corp, Severn
Trent, Bejing Power, Czech Telem, Copenhagen Energy, Electrabel, Gaz de
France, Hydro-Quebec, Equitable Resources, Nova Naturgas, Sao Paulo Electric
 National Mapping, Cadasters & Hydrographic Agencies
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National GeoSpatial Intelligence Agency, Dept. of Homeland Security, US
Geological Survey, US Army, Ordnance Survey (UK, IR, NI), Denmark, Sweden,
The Netherlands, Poland, Australia, Belgium, Czech Republic, Russia
 Transportation Management
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California, Iowa, Florida, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, New York, Oklahoma,
Pennsylvania, Alabama, Alberta, London Rail, Netherlands Transport, Australia,
Austrian Rail, German Rail,
 Telco & Wireless LBS
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AT&T, Bell South, British Telecom, Cingular, DoCoMo, KDDI, Intrado, JPhone,
Nextel, Sprint, T-Mobile, Telkom, Telenor, Telstra, Telus, Telia, Cellcom, Verizon,
Vodafone, Wind, Czech Telecom,
What’s New?
10g: Network Data Model
 Network Data Model
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A data model to store network (graph) structure in the database
Explicitly stores and maintains connectivity of the network
Attributes at link and node level
 Routing Engine
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Street navigation for single or multiple destinations
Provide network analysis functionality in the database
 Supports network solutions (Tracing & Routing)
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Transportation and Transit Solutions
Field Service, Logistics
Location based Services and Telematics
 VP: Bio-Info Pathways (Life Sciences)
10g: Topology Data Model
 New data model to store persistent topology
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Easier to do data consistency checks in this model
Example: when the road moves, the property boundary
automatically moves with it
 Topology Data Model and Schema
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Describes how different spatial features are related to
each other
A land parcel shares the boundary with a road
 10g continues to support transient topology
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Topology computed on demand
Conference
Center
Oracle Pkwy
10g: GeoRaster
 What is GeoRaster
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A new data type to store raster data
 Satellite images, remote sensing data
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An XML schema to store Metadata
 Data source, layer information
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Geo Referencing information
 How to relate a pixel in the image to a longitude/latitude on
Earth’s surface
 Functionality
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Open, general purpose raster data model
storage and indexing of raster data
 No size limit for each raster object
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querying and analyzing raster data
delivering GeoRaster to external consumers
 Publish as JPEG, GIFF images
10g Geocoder
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Generates latitude/longitude (points) from address
International addressing standardization
Formatted and unformatted addresses
Tolerance parameters support fuzzy matching
100% Java, open and scalable
Record-level and batch processes
Data provided by leading data vendors
10g: Spatial Analytic Functions
 Discovery based on Spatial Patterns
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Explicitly materialize spatial relationships
 Usage
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Insurance risk analysis, crime analysis
Demographic analysis, customer profiling
Epidemiology, Facility placement
Insurance Risk analysis:
 cluster house-holds based on high risk neighborhoods
Indentify business prospects across a region:
 examine the average incomes across different regions of
the space
Support for Spatial Standards
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OGC: Simple Features, GML, OpenLS
SQL92, SQLMM
ISO211
W3C: (HTTP, HTML, SVG)
Advantages of Managing
Spatial Data in a Database
 Same access methods (SQL)
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Select, insert, update, delete
 Same features available
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Replication, security, parallel, ...
 Same utilities
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Load, import, export, backup
 SAME DATABASE
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for spatial and non-spatial data
Q U E S T I O N S
A N S W E R S
http://technet.oracle.com/products/spatial