How to use renewable energy to
rise islands welfare
Eksamples from Bornholm and
Sardinia taken from the TransPlan
project
Per Alex Sørensen PlanEnergi
TransPlan
TransParent Energy Planning and
Implementation
 Bornholm (Rügen), Gotland (Öland),
Åland, Saaremaa (Hiiumaa), Sardinia
Sassari province (+ 3 other provinces)
 PlanEnergi
 Islenet

Why is it always me?
RISE OF WELFARE
New workplaces during implementation
and maintenance
 Cheaper energy
 Technological development and sale of
know how and equipment
 Reduction of environmental problems
 Less dependency of imported fuels and
services

Means
Local energy resources instead of
imported fuels
 Local labour force instead of imported
fuels

The principle in energy balances
Fuel
Coal
Oil
Electricity
Straw
Wood
Waste
Windpower
Solar heat
Hydro
Energy
Balance
Calculations
Action indicators:
CO2-emission and other emissions
Amount and costs of fuels and energy
Amount and costs of imported fuels and
energy
Amount of unexploited renewable
energy soruces
Energy services:
Room heating
Hot water
Electricity for
households
Electricity for industry
Car transport
Bus transport
Ferries
etc.
Energy Planning Tool (EPT)
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Samsø 1997-99-01-03-05-07
14 municipalities on Fyn
12 provinces in Thailand
TransPlan (Bornholm, Gotland, Åland,
Saaremaa, Sardinia)
Region Midtjylland 2005-06-07 and 13
municipalities within Region Midtjylland
Kolding, Aalborg, Vesthimmerland, Rebild,
Fredericia, Vejle
Lessons learned
 Simple
 Transparent
 Action
oriented
 Comparable
 Easy to update
1.st. workshop
Explanation of inserted data
 Insert missing data
 Discussion of energy balance and key
figures
 Business as usual scenario

2.nd workshop
Presentation of inspiration catalogue
 Single technology spreadsheet.
Presentation and calculation of
examples
 Elaboration of list of actions
 Elaboration of alternative future energy
plan

3.rd workshop
Presentation of alternative future
energy plan including prioritised list of
actions
 Elaboration of implementation program
for each action
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1. District Heating in Towns
(Bornholm)
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Target: District heating with biomass and solar.
new towns and switch fuel in Rønne.
Assumptions:
– Local fuels: 15.000 t straw and 25.000 m3 wood chips
– Import: 7.000 m3 wood chips.
– 12.500 m2 solar thermal.
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Result: 68.000 t CO2 saved
Proposed Actions:
– Coordination of transmission pipes, fuels, optimise pipes
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Stakeholders: Utilities, fuel suppliers and public
authorities
9
Marstal
IDA d.19. august 2008
PlanEnergi
2. Switching fuels outside district
heating areas (Bornholm)
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Target: All oil consumption will be replaced by heat
pumps, wood pellet stoves, solar heating etc.
Assumptions:
– Solar thermal plants (1000 units) when implementing wood
pellet stoves (2000 units)
– 2000 heat pumps
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Result: 32,000 t CO2 saved
Proposed Actions:
– Information campaigns and direct personal advice
– Investigate possibilities for local wood pellet production
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Stakeholders: ?
3. Windpower (Bornholm)
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Target: 90 MW new capacity established
Assumptions:
– On shore: 15 MW
– Off shore: 75 MW
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Result:
– 33.000 t CO2 saved
– Electricity-export

Proposed Actions:
– On shore: Getting permissions
– Off shore: Dialogue with the Danish state
– Regulation of electricity consumption
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Stakeholders: Østkraft and private partners
4. Biogas (Bornholm)
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Target: Utilize 40 % more of the total production of
slurry
Assumptions:
–
–
–
–

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Implementation of further biogas capacity with CHP
Connection to district heating (26 GWh)
Upgrading to public transport (7 GWh)
Connection to electric grid (15 MWh)
Result: 3.000 t CO2 saved
Proposed Actions:
– Planning and design
– Coordination of sale (heat etc.)

Stakeholders: ?
5. Electrical driven cars
(Bornholm)
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Target: 40 % of petrol consumption replaced by
electricity
Assumptions:
– Profitable for users
– 80 % efficiency for electrical driven cars
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Result: 14.000 t CO2 saved
Proposed Actions:
– Car pioneers: Østkraft, BRK and others.
– Establish filling stations
– Renting cars to tourists

Stakeholders: Østkraft and others?
6. Ethanol (Bornholm)
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Target: Establish the planned 2.nd generation bioethanol plant

Assumptions:
– Financing solved

Result: 30.000 t CO2 saved (include 12.000 t from fuel
pellets and 16.000 t from bio ethanol replacing petrol)
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Stakeholders: BornBioFuel
7. Ethanol cars (Bornholm)
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Target: 40 % of petrol consumption replaced by
10.000 m3 ethanol
Assumptions:
– Production and distribution of bio ethanol to competitive
price
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Result: 16.000 t CO2 saved
Proposed Actions:
– Establish filling stations
– Establish mixing facilities
– Marketing vehicles
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Stakeholders: BornBioFuel, petrol distributors, car
sellers, fleet owners (BRK, companies)
8. Electricity savings (Bornholm)
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Target: Electricity consumption reduced with 5%
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Assumptions:
(excl. heat pumps and electrical driven cars)
– Active direct advise and marketing, campaigns etc.
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Result: 4.000 t CO2 saved
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Proposed Actions:
– Coordinated energy advising
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Stakeholders: Østkraft, “Energitjenesten”, BRK,
plumbers and building sector, banks ?
9. Savings in Heat Consumption
(Bornholm)
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Target: Heat consumption reduced with 10%
Assumptions:
– Active direct advise and marketing, campaigns etc.
–
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Result: 15.000 t CO2 saved
Proposed Actions:
– Coordinated energy advising
–
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Stakeholders: “Energitjenesten”, District heating
companies, BRK, plumbers and building sector, banks
?
10. Savings in Land Transport
(Bornholm)
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Target: Max 10 % increase in fuel
consumption for land transport
Assumptions:
– Active direct advise and marketing, campaigns etc
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Result: 5.000 t CO2 saved
Proposed Actions:
– Rearrangement/increase in public transport
– Eco-driving, campaigns and information
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Stakeholders: ?
11. Coordinated Energy Advising
(Bornholm)
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Target: Establish broad team of advisers for
companies and private people
Assumptions:
– Pooling of resources
– Common targets and strategies among stakeholders
– The Will!
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Result: Realisation of points: 2+7+8+9
Proposed Actions:
– Description of, agreement upon and establishing of team of
advisers
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Stakeholders: Utilities, “Energitjenesten”, BRK,
plumbers and building sector, banks ?
12. Energy Forum (Bornholm)
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Target: Ensure coordination and progress
towards the targets in the energy strategy
(BE2025)
Assumptions:
– Will and interest!
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Proposed Actions:
– Continuous evaluation of the energy strategy (for
instance every two years)
– Continuous feed back to stakeholder groups
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Stakeholders: Present Energy Forum?
700
Refurbishment
(expensive)
600
Photovoltaics
Costs (€ per Ton CO2)
500
Solar Collectors
400
Low Energy
Buildings
300
Geothermal
Energy
200
Building
Refurbishment
Biomass
100
CHP "TREA"
E-Saving in
Industry
Energy
Hydropower
Mangmnt.
0
CHP "Rhodia"
-100
0
100
Condensing
Technology
200
Electr. saving
at Home
300
Cogeneration
Units
400
District
Heating
Wood Pellets
Wind Energy
Heat Pumps
500
CO2 Reduction Potential (1'000Tons p.a.)
600
700
800
900
Proposed Priority of Actions
- start 2008-09 (Bornholm)
1. District heating in Hasle, Aakirkeby, Nylars,
Snogebæk and Balka
2. Change of fuels outside district heating areas
3. Windmills
6. Bornbiofuel
7. Ethanol cars
8. Electricity savings
9. Savings in heat consumption
11.Team of advisers
12.Energy Forum
Proposed Priority of Actions
- start 2010-12 (Bornholm)
1. District heating in Sorthat-Muleby
4. Biogas
5. Electrical driven cars
10. Savings in land transport
Proposed Priority of Actions
- start after 1012 (Bornholm)
1. District heating in Nyker, Vestermarie,
Østerlars and Østermarie. Change of fuel,
Rønne
+ ”Coming..”:
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Large heat pumps for district heating
Wave power
Hydrogen
Solar PV
?????
Bornholm (key figures)
CO2
Per cap. Ships & flights
1000 t
(t)
1000 t
2005
BE2025
*) incl. imports
RES* IMPORT
%
Mio €
253
5,8
61
24
67
86
2,0
61
82
24
Windpower (Sardinia)
1.000 MW installed. The total electricity
production is 175 ktep or 2.030 GWh.
In calculation of the CO2 –reduction
coal produced electricity is replaced
 CO2 –reduction 441.100 tons/year
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Biogas (Sardinia)
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40 MW biogas installed. The total electricity
production is estimated to be 324,8 GWh.
The efficiency in the electricity production is
expected to be 38%. Therefore 854,7 GWh
biogas is needed. The biogas comes from
manure (75% = 641 GWh) and waste (25%
= 213,7 GWh). In calculation of the CO2 –
reduction coal produced electricity is
replaced.
CO2 –reduction: 242.200 tons/year.
Electricity savings (Sardinia)
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The electricity consumption in 2025 is
expected to be 20% lower than the electricity
consumption in 2005 (compared to 16%
higher in Business as usual 2025!).
The total electricity consumption in 2025 will
then be 10.089 GWh
In calculation af the CO2 –reduction coal
produced electricity is replaced.
CO2 –reduction: 3.572.100 tons/year.
Savings in heat consumptions
(Sardinia)
Also end use of heat is reduced with
20% compared to 2005. The total
consumption for heating will then be
reduced to 1.959 GWh
 CO2 –reduction: 213.600 tons/year.
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Savings in process heat (Sardinia)
End use of process heat is reduced with
20%.
 CO2 –reduction: 458.300 tons/year
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Savings transport (Sardinia)
The fuel consumption for transport is
expected to be reduced with 20%
compared to 2005 (in stead of an
increase with 48,6% in Business as
usual 2025!) Therefore fuel
consumption will be 9.732 GWh
 CO2 –reduction: 2.270.000 tons/year
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Solar electricity (Sardinia)
100 MW of solar power is installed
producing 139,3 GWh/year
In calculation of the CO2 –reduction
coal produced electricity is replaced.
 CO2 –reduction: 102.300 tons/year
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Solar thermal (Sardinia)
350 MW solar thermal is installed
producing 417,6 GWh/year
The production replaces electricity for
hot water production.
In calculation of the CO2 –reduction
coal produced electricity is replaced.
 CO2 –reduction: 325.600 tons/year
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Biomass produced electricity
(Sardinia)
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70 MW biomass fired power plants is
installed. The electricity production is
expected to be 684,4 GWh/year. The fuel
consumption with 30% efficiency is
2.281,3 GWh
In calculation of CO2 –reduction 1.486 GWh
coal and 6 GWh heavy oil is replaced.
CO2 –reduction: 509.900 tons/year
Waste inceneration (Sardinia)
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25 MW is installed. If running hours/year are
6.500 electricity production will be 162,5
GWh/year. And if efficiency in electricity
production is 20% fuel consumption will be
812,5 GWh
In calculation of CO2 –reduction heavy oil is
replaced.
CO2 –reduction: 50.500 tons/year. (extra CO2
–reduction compared to reduction from 80,2
GWh electricity produced in 2005)
Biomass for heating (Sardinia)
1.213,4 GWh biomass (wood) is
expected to be used for heating.
Wood is replacing oil calculated as 75
GWh wood will replace 70 GWh oil.
 CO2 –reduction: 287.300 tons/year.
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Biofuel for transport (Sardinia)
10% of fuel for transport is replaced by
biofuels.
 CO2 –reduction: 279.200 tons/year
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Sardinia (key figures)
CO2
1000 t
2005
BE2025
*) incl. imports
Per cap. Ships & flights
(t)
1000 t
RES*
%
17241
10.4
?
3.3
9751
5.9
?
21.9
Syros?
Electricity savings. Electricity production
was 96 GWh in 2004 and is expected to
be 217 GWh in 2025!!
 Savings in heat consumption
 Savings in transport fuels
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Syros?
Solar thermal
 Solar electricity
 Solar electricity and desalination

Aalborg, d. 15. januar 2008
PlanEnergi
Syros?
Windmills . Yearly consumption
96 GWh in 2004. 8% wind.
Max load 20 MW.
3.5 MW wind installed
 Waste to energy
10.000 t waste/year?
 District cooling

www.energyplan.eu
District cooling
Syros?
Biogas busses
2000 tons organic waste gives
200000 m3 biogas or
325000 km in busses (890 km/day)
 Electric cars
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Economy (Syros)
2 MW windpower
Investment
2.2 mio €
Simple payback period
7.1 years
Internal rate (IRR)
15%
Employment
23 person years
Subsidies, investment
35%
Feed-in tarif
87 €/MWh
1 MW PV
3.12 mio €
4.7 years
24%
12 person years
35%
503 €/MWh
Obstacles for picking the low
hanging fruits in Syros?
Technical obstacles?
 Economical/financing obstacles?
 Legal obstacles?
 Organisational obstacles?
 Political obstacles?
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Thank you for your attention
More informations
 www.transplanproject.eu (EPT
guidelines and Inspiration catalogue)
 www.energyplan.eu (software for
calculating system balance)
 www.europeanislands.net (island
projects)
 www.planenergi.dk