Who is MRS NERG?
The 7 life processes:
Movement
Respiration - ALL living things do it!
Sensitivity
Nutrition
Excretion
Reproduction
Growth
Learning objectives:
All living organisms require
for body functions
The energy is released from glucose, using
oxygen, during the process of aerobic respiration,
which takes place in the mitochondria
Aerobic respiration occurs throughout the
day and night (if there is O2) in both plant and
animal cells; it is controlled by enzymes
Energy released during respiration is used to
• build molecules
• enable muscle contraction *
• maintain a steady body temperature (in warm
blooded animals)
• build up proteins.
* which muscles must contract even in your sleep?
Respiration is the process that the body uses to release energy
from digested food (glucose):
glucose
from the
digestive system
+
oxygen
from the
respiratory
system

carbon
dioxide
waste product
(excreted by
exhaling)
+
water
(
+ energy)
waste product
(used/exhaled)
This type of respiration is called aerobic respiration because
energy is released in the presence of oxygen.
This occurs in all cells and is a series of reactions that are
controlled by enzymes.
(ATP)
How do the raw materials for respiration
get to all the cells?
Oxygen is carried in the red blood cells
by haemoglobin
Glucose is carried in the blood plasma
What happens to the products?
Ext: In plants, where do these reactants
come from?
Respiration is
NOT breathing!!
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Circulatory system
Breathing or respiration or both? Do NOT get these confused!
1 This occurs in both plants and animals.
Respiration
2 The lungs are the organs used for this.
Breathing
3 When you exercise the rate of this will be increased.
BOTH!
4 The amount of glucose available in the body controls the rate of this process.
Respiration
5 This process brings oxygen into the body.
Breathing
6 This is the process where oxygen is used to release energy.
Respiration
7 During this process carbon dioxide is made.
Respiration
8 This process is a form of excretion for the body.
Breathing
9 This process gets carbon dioxide out of the body.
Breathing
10 This process occurs all the time in plants.
Respiration
chloroplasts cell membrane
cell wall
vacuole
nucleus
mitochondria
Structure of a mitochondrion:
Mitochondrion animation
A folded membrane
provides a large surface
area for the enzymes
involved in respiration
digestive
trachea
all the
blood
time
contraction
ventilation
circulatory
lungs
protein
rib
capillaries
energy
gas
water
cells
mitochondria
temperature
during
the day
respiration
air
alveoli
heart
breathing
oxygen
carbon
dioxide
Summary: Aerobic respiration
Chemical reactions in the body are controlled by enzymes.
During aerobic respiration glucose and oxygen react to release
energy.
Word equation for aerobic respiration.
Energy released during respiration is used to build molecules,
enable muscle contraction, maintain a steady body temperature
and build up proteins.
Aerobic respiration occurs continuously in plants and animals.
Most of the reactions in aerobic respiration take place inside
mitochondria.