RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KARNATAKA,
BANGALORE
ANNEXURE –II
PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION
1 Name of the candidate and address
Ms. ANUJA ROSE K. FRANCIS
1ST YEAR M.SC NURSING
(in block letters)
Dr. M.V.SHETTY INSTITUTE OF
HEALTH SCIENCES.
MANGALORE.
KARNATAKA -560072
2 Name of the institution
Dr. M.V.SHETTY INSTITUTE OF
HEALTH SCIENCES
VIDYANAGAR.
MANGALORE
3 Course of study and subject
M.Sc. NURSING
PSYCHIATRIC NURSING
4 Date of admission to course
21.5.2009
5 Title of the study:
A DESCRIPTIVE STUD Y TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE ON
PROBLEMS RELATED TO CELL PHONE MISUSE
AMONG
ADOLESCENTS IN SELECTED COLLEGES AT MANGALORE ,
DAKSHINA KANNADA, KARNATAKA WITH A VIEW TO
PREPARE AN INFORMATION BOOKLET .
1
6 Brief Resume of the intended work:
6.1 Need For The Study :
“Evil communication corrupts good manners. I hope to live to hear that
good communication corrects bad manners.”
( Benjamin Banneker )
Adolescence is a period of greatl y enhanced awareness. These years are
also the time when mental and psychological development takes place;
The adolescents are large in number and are the citizens and w orkers of
tomorrow. This is the time of exploration of their own and they are
more curious in nature. The swiftl y changing global conditions are
posing a great strain on the young people , modifying their behavior and
relationships and excacerbating their h ealth problems. 1
Any technology is useful if it is properl y used .Information
technology helps speedy communication. The number of cell phone
users is increasing every year. But at the same time the cell phone
cause hardship and nuisance to many. The whole world i s gripped by
the mobile craze. Whether it is a student, housewife, shopkeeper,
rickshawdriver, milkman, professional , rich or poor, almost everyone
carries a cell phone in his or her hand.
Mobile phone became an
essential item for almost all the teenagers. Many of them spend more
than six hours a day on their phones in talking, texting or playing
games .
The extensive use of cell phone makes every one an addict of this
small device. Just like every medicine has its side effects, cell p hones
also have some drawbacks . 2 Students may disturb others thro ugh ring
tones and they also misuse cell camera. They can use their cell phones
to write and send text messages, take and send digital photos, and even
take and send short digital video clips , in addition to making phone
calls. Nearl y all of the uses can become inappropriate and undesirable
in middle and high school classrooms. The students even send
2
threatening and vulgar messages to teachers. The increased usage of
mobile has increased the m agnitude of potential health risks among its
users 3 .
Back in 1980 , the number of cell phones in the world was a mere
11.2 million or 2cell phones/1000 people. Over last few years 61% of
global population now using mobile phones.i.e , around the world, there
are more than 2.4 billion cell phone users and more than 1000 new
customers are added every minute . 4 The telecommunication system of
India is the 4 t h largest in the world. At present India have 250million
cell phone users. By the end f 2010, this figure is estimated t o rise
about 500 million. 5
According to Drug rehab ilitation studies, more than 225 million
people carrying cellphone in U S up from 34 million
in 2005 , and
nearl y two –thirds(63%) of teens owning their own cell phone. Man y
parents have noticed obsessive behaviors
in their teens often so
extremel y that resemble addiction. Cell phones now become an
inevitable part of our dail y life. The positive fact is that cell phone
help people to reach out and for maintaining IPR.The negati ve impact
of it is that, the dail y usage of cellphone by the users, have proven
dangerous effects to their physical , psychological and social aspects. 6
A descriptive survey was conducted on the impact of excessive
use of cell phone by teens and thereby distracted driving. The samples
were 800 American students ages from 12-17 yrs.Results
revealed that
71% of the students own a cell phone and there is an increased utilit y
of mobile phone in adolescents ie , 51% of 12yrs old, 53% of 13 yrs old ,
72% of 14yrs old , 79% of 15yrs old, 85% of 16yr old, 84% of 17 yr old
.Also, 94% call friends, 76% text message, 38% text message dail y. As
per the investigators view, their attention as well a perception were
altered by the increased utilit y of mobiles while dr iving. 7
A study that was conducted, on cell phone, in Israel use
3
pointed out that, usage of cell phone for more than 22hours a month
increases a person’s risk of developing parotid gland tumors.8 A cross
sectional study was conducted on impac t of mobile phone use on
various dimensions of students in Mangalore. The samples were 500
students studying for various courses (MBBS, BPT, MLT Bsc Nursing
and GNM).The samples were selected using proportionate stratified
random sampling. A self administe red impact scale was used for data
collection. The findings of the study showed that students have more
negative impacts (52.22%) than positive impacts (47.78%).
9
Prevention of cell phone misuse and its consequences among
adolescence can be handled by making them aware of its risk factors,
safet y use and precautions. The above statistics shows that there is an
increased prevalence of problems associated with cell phone use
especiall y in adolescents .
From all this inform ation the investigat or felt the importance of
assessing the knowledge of adolescents on the problems related to cell
phone misuse and the need to educate them regarding the safe and
appropriate use of it.
6.2 Review of literature
A case control study was conducted on cellular telephone use and
brain tumors at England. The samples were 782 brain tumor patients
from hospitals of Phoenix, Boston and Arizona. The results showed
that, the relative risks associated with cumulative use of cell phone for
more than 100 hours were 62% for glioma , 25% for meningioma , 12%
for acoustic neuroma and 8% for all t ypes of tumors combined and the
risks were higher among persons who used cellular telephones for 60 or
more minutes per day or regularl y for five or mor e years. 1 0
A descriptive survey was conducted on psychological, financial,
and impact of use of mobile phones in Australia. The samples include
4
2500 people aged 16 -84yrs.This survey showed that 22% of these
people
considered
themselves to be
heavy u sers
and
80%
had
experienced monthl y bills hat were over $500.They spent most of their
phone
time
by
contacting
close
fr iends(28%),partners(28%)
or
famil y(26%),with just 11% of phone time relating to business. These
findings reveals that an average Austra lian spends one hour on his or
her mobile phone every day with one in five obsessed with their cell
and potentiall y addicted to this device 9 .
An exploratory survey was conducted, on the mobile phone use
habits of women who delivered in late 199 0’s and their children’s use
of phones until the age of seven in Denmark. The samples were 13,519
women. The results showed that, the women who used handsets two or
three times per day while pregnant were, 54% likel y to give birth to
children who developed behavioral problems by the time they reached
the school age than women who did not use them. Risk of behavioral
problems of their children increased along with the mobile phone use
during pregnancy. If children use the phones themselves while young
,they
were 80% more likel y to suffer behavioral problems,25%more
likel y to suffer from emotional problems,34% more likely to have
trouble relating to their peers,35% more likel y to be hyperactive and
49% more likel y to have conduct problems than children who di d not
use mobile phones. 1 1
A descriptive study was conducted, on how the adolescents perceive
the risks related to cell phone use (ie, two t ypes of physical risk Irradiation and decreased attention) while driving, in France. The
samples that they have taken were 1129 French adolescents. Results
have shown that 63% adolescents have an acute perception of the risks
associated with using mobile phones while driving and social risks
related to incivilit y. 1 2
5
6.3 Problem statement:“A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE
PROBLEMS
RELATED
TO
CELL
PHONE
KNOWLEDGE ON
MISUSE AMONG
THE
ADOLESCENTS IN SELECTED COLLEGES AT MANGALORE, DAKSHINA
KANNADA,
KARNATAKA
WITH
A
VIEW
TO
PREPARE
AN
INFORMATION BOOKLET.”
6.4 Objectives of the study:The study objectives are;
1. To determine the existing knowledge on problems related to cell
phone misuse among adolescents in selected college s.
2. To find the association bet ween knowledge on problems related
to cellphone misuse of adolescent and demographic variables.
3. To develop and distribute an information booklet on problems
related to cell phone misuse and safe and appropriate use of it.
6.5
Operational Definitions: -
Knowledge: In this study, it refers to the correct responses given by
adolescents to the items in the structured ques tionnaire regarding
problems related to cell phone misuse which are scored and added to
quantify their knowledge .
Problems related to cell phone misuse: In this study, it refers to
excessive and inappropriate use of cell phone and the harmful effects
produced by it towards psychological , behavioural, emotional, social
and physical aspect which is included in the questionnaire to elicit
responses from the adolescents.
6
Adolescent: In this study, adolescent refers to , students of both boys
and girls who are studying in selected pre-universit y colleges.
Selected colleges;-In this study, it refers to, educational estab lishments
that offers education for students in pre universit y courses with coeducation, that is 20km away from the parent institution .
Information booklet:-In this study, it refers to, the printed booklet
with information and pictures regarding the problems of cell phone
misuse-psychological,behavioral,em otional,social,physical aspects and
the safe and appropriate use of it which is prepared by t he investigator
in order to distribute after questionnaire.
6.6Assumption:Investigator assumes that ,
1. Adolescents will have some knowledge regarding problems
related to cell phone misuse and safe use of it .
2. Information booklet will be useful, to impart knowledge on
problems related to cell phone misuse and safe use of it.
6.7 Delimitations: The study is delimited to ;
1. Adolescents who are studying in s elected pre-universit y colleges.
2. Samples are limited to 100.
6.8 Variables
The selected demo graphic variables include age, gender, owns a
mobile, t ype of mobile, duration and frequency of use, and source of
mobile information (friends, famil y) .
7
6.9 Hypothesis
Hypothesis will be tested at 0.05 levels of significance.
H1 : There is significant association between the mean score of
knowledge of problems related to cell phone misuse of adolescents and
selected demographic variables.
7 Material and method
7.1 Source of data :
Source of data will be adolescents of selected pre -universit y
colleges at Mangalore that fulfills the inclusion criteria .
7.1.1 Research design: The study involves description of the knowledge of adolescents on
problems related to cell phone misuse and finds their association
between demographic variables. Hence in this study descriptive design
will be used.
7.1.2Setting:This study is planned to b e conducted in selected professional
colleges at Mangalore which is 20 km away from parent institution
.
7.1.3 Population: In this study, the population consists of adolescents of selected pre universit y colleges at Mangalore.
7.2 Method of data collection
A structured knowledge questionnaire will be prepared to collect
the necessary data from the samples.
8
7.2.1 Sampling procedure: A t ype of probabilit y sampling i.e., simple random sampling will
be used to draw the sample s respectivel y.
7.2.2 Sampling size: The sample size includes 100 adolescents of the selected preuniversit y colleges which will be selected by simple random sampling.
7.2.3 Inclusive criteria for sampling: Adolescents ,
1.who are availabl e during data collection period,
2. Who are willing to participate in the program.
7.2.4 Instrument intended to be used: Structured knowledge questionnaire , on problems related to cell
phone misuse is the instrument used, which wil l be validated by the
experts before conducting study.
7.2.5 Data collection method: -
Prior to data collection procedure permission will be obtained from
the concerned authorit y f or conducting the study. The purpose of the
study will be explained to subjects and informed consent will be
obtained. Sample of 100 adolescents will be selected. Assessing the
knowledge of adolescents by scores of structured questionnaire. Data
for anal ysis will be prepared.
9
7.2.6 Data Analysis Plan: The data collected will be anal yzed using both descriptive and
inferential
demographic
statistics.
Description
variables
will
be
of
subjects
presented.
with
Descriptive
respect
to
techniques
include measures of central tendency such as mean, median, mode and
measures of variabilit y such
as percentage,
range and standard
deviation.Chi square test will be used to find the association between
the levels of knowledge with selected demographic variable s. The data
will be presented in terms of tables and graphs.
7.3 Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be
conducted on the patients or other humans or animals? If so
please describe briefly.
No.
7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution?
Yes, permission to conduct the study is obtained from selected
professional
college
and
permission
will
be
concerned authorit y at the time of data collection.
10
obtained
from
the
8.Bibliography
1. Ghai o p, Gupta Pi yush, Paul V K.Ghai Essential Paediatrics.s.6 t h
revised edition. New Delhi.CBS Publishers.2007’
2. V.S Ganesamurthy. Cell phone misuse. The Hindu 2007 -04-24; 5
(col.2)
3. Cell phones in the classroom [online]2001 September 11 [cited
2001
September
15;Available
from:UR L;http//www.teaching
today.glencoe.com
4. Davey Winder .Global Icons Cell phones and Globalization
[online] 2008 September 25 [cited on September 27];Available
from:UR L:http//www.the globalist .com
5. Telephone
statistics
[online]
2008
February
[cited
February];
2008
Available:
URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_statistics
_in-India.
6. The latest teen obsession: Is your child a cell phone junkie?
[Online]
2006
Ap ril
5[cited
2006
April
10];
Available
from;UR L:http//www.drugrehabtreamentcom/teen -cell-phone
–
addiction.html.
7. Mary Madden. Teens And Distracted Driving [Online] 2009
November
16
[cited
2009
December4]:Available
from:UR L:http//www.pewinternet.co m
8. Ricket Nauert. Cell phone addiction. [Online]. 2007 june8[cited
2007
July
1];Availabl e
from:UR L:http://www.psychcentralnews.com
9. Mrs Shinu K Oommen.A Study to assess the impact of mobile
phone use on various dimensions of student’s life in a selected
institution in mangalore.Unpublished M sc Nursing Research
Disssertation.Father Muller College Of Nursing. Rajiv Gandhi
11
Universit y of Health S cinces.Mangalore:2007.pp
10. Peter D.Inskip, Sc. D, Rober and Tarone, Elizabeth E. H,
Timothy
C.W,
William
R.S.
Robert
G.S,
et
al.
Cellular
Telephone Use and Brain Tumors, The New England Journal of
Medicine, vol.344 no.2, Jan11, 2001
11. David Gutierre Mobile phone use
while pregnancy causes
neurological problems in babies [ Online] 2008 October 2 [cited
October 4]; Available from;URL:http//www.naturalnews.com.
12. Cécile Martha. Jean Griffet. How do Adolescents Perceive the
Risks Related to Cellphone Use ? Journal of adolescence. Vol.30
no3, January 10, 2007.
.
12
9
Signature of candidate
10.
Remarks of the guide
This is feasible and will be useful
for the future of the students of
all discipline.
11.
Name and designation of guide
11.1 Guide
MRS. PARIMALA K. SAMUEL
ASSOC. PROFESSOR
H.O.D PSYCHIATRIC NURSING
DR.M. V. SHETTY INSTITUTE
OF HEALTH SCIENCES,
VIDYANAGAR,
MANGALORE -575 013
11.2 Signature
MRS. PARIMALA K. SAMUEL
ASSOC. PROFESSOR
H.O.D PSYCHIATRIC NURSING
DR.M. V. SHETTY INSTITUTE
OF HEALTH SCIENCES,
VIDYANAGAR,
MANGALORE -575 013
11.3 Head of the department
11.4 Signature
12.
12.1 Remarks of the principal
12.2 Signature
13
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