Carbon Capture and Storage can it make coal clean?
Dr. Shannon Page
Department of Environmental Management
Lincoln University
What do I mean by clean?
What do I mean by clean?
Mining
Direct environmental impacts
What do I mean by clean?
Carbon dioxide
Emissions
Mining
Products:
Fertiliser, Diesel
Briquettes
Lignite
Processing
Direct environmental impacts
What do I mean by clean?
Carbon dioxide
Emissions
Mining
Products:
Fertiliser, Diesel
Briquettes
Lignite
Processing
Direct environmental impacts
What do I mean by clean?
Carbon dioxide
Emissions
Mining
Products:
Fertiliser, Diesel
Briquettes
Lignite
Processing
CCS applies to
this bit only
Direct environmental impacts
Carbon capture and storage: What is it?
Carbon Dioxide
(CO2)
Lignite coal
Process plant
Carbon capture and storage: What is it?
Carbon Dioxide
(CO2)
Lignite coal
Process plant
Capture
Carbon capture and storage: What is it?
Carbon Dioxide
(CO2)
Lignite coal
Capture
Transport (pipeline)
Process plant
Carbon capture and storage: What is it?
Carbon Dioxide
(CO2)
Lignite coal
Capture
Transport (pipeline)
Process plant
Carbon capture and storage: What is it?
Carbon Dioxide
(CO2)
Lignite coal
Capture
Transport (pipeline)
Process plant
Storage in a depleted
oil or gas field
Carbon capture and storage: What is it?
Carbon Dioxide
(CO2)
Lignite coal
Capture
Transport (pipeline)
Process plant
Storage in a depleted
oil or gas field
Or in a saline aquifer
Carbon Capture and Storage:
Is it being done?
CO2
Synthetic natural gas
and other chemicals
Lignite Coal
Great Plains Synfuels Plant
North Dakota, USA,
Carbon Capture and Storage:
Is it being done?
CO2
325km pipeline
Synthetic natural gas
and other chemicals
Lignite Coal
Great Plains Synfuels Plant
North Dakota, USA,
Near depleted Oil field
Weyburn, Canada
Carbon Capture and Storage:
Is it being done?
CO2
325km pipeline
Synthetic natural gas
and other chemicals
Lignite Coal
Great Plains Synfuels Plant
North Dakota, USA,
Other Non-Coal
carbon capture and storage projects
Natural gas processing
North Sea, Norway
Natural gas processing,
Algeria
Near depleted Oil field
Weyburn, Canada
Carbon Capture and Storage:
Is it being done?
CO2
325km pipeline
Synthetic natural gas
and other chemicals
Near depleted Oil field
Weyburn, Canada
Lignite Coal
1) Just one coal CCS project in operation
Great Plains Synfuels Plant
North Dakota, USA,
2) Not all CO2 is captured and stored
Other Non-Coal
carbon capture and storage projects
Natural gas processing
North Sea, Norway
3) All CO2 storage projects involve oil/gas recovery
Natural gas processing,
Algeria
Carbon Capture and Storage:
Is it being done?
CO2
325km pipeline
Synthetic natural gas
and other chemicals
Near depleted Oil field
Weyburn, Canada
Lignite Coal
1) Just one coal CCS project in operation
Great Plains Synfuels Plant
North Dakota, USA,
2) Not all CO2 is captured and stored
Other Non-Coal
carbon capture and storage projects
Natural gas processing
North Sea, Norway
3) All CO2 storage projects involve oil/gas recovery
Natural gas processing,
Algeria
Carbon Capture and Storage
for NZ’s Lignite Coal
Carbon Capture and Storage
for NZ’s Lignite Coal
Lignite
Carbon Capture and Storage
for NZ’s Lignite Coal
Gas (+some oil)
Lignite
Carbon Capture and Storage
for NZ’s Lignite Coal
Storage site:
• No depleted gas/oil reservoirs close by
• Unknown if other types of storage site
exist
Gas (+some oil)
Lignite
Carbon Capture and Storage
for NZ’s Lignite Coal
Storage site:
• No depleted gas/oil reservoirs close by
• Unknown if other types of storage site
exist
Gas (+some oil)
Lignite
IF CCS did occur, not all CO2
would be captured
Carbon Capture and Storage
for NZ’s Lignite Coal
Storage site:
• No depleted gas/oil reservoirs close by
• Unknown if other types of storage site
exist
Gas (+some oil)
IF CCS did occur, not all CO2
would be captured
Lignite
Lignite
2/3rd of NZ diesel
Carbon Capture and Storage
for NZ’s Lignite Coal
Storage site:
• No depleted gas/oil reservoirs close by
• Unknown if other types of storage site
exist
Gas (+some oil)
IF CCS did occur, not all CO2
would be captured
3.4 Mt/y
Lignite
2/3rd of NZ diesel
2.6 Mt/y
Lignite
Carbon Capture and Storage
for NZ’s Lignite Coal
Storage site:
• No depleted gas/oil reservoirs close by
• Unknown if other types of storage site
exist
Gas (+some oil)
IF CCS did occur, not all CO2
would be captured
3.4 Mt/y
Lignite
2/3rd of NZ diesel
2.6 Mt/y
Lignite
= largest storage
project in the world
Carbon Capture and Storage:
Can it make coal clean ?
• CCS can only address some of the CO2 from the
process plant
• No storage site – chances of finding one and
implementing CCS; unlikely
Carbon dioxide Emissions
Lignite
Product
?