1. Plant seeds come from
roots.
stems.
fruits and flowers.
None of the above.
2. Some seeds are buried by
rain.
chipmunks.
squirrels.
All of the above.
3. Seeds planted in the soil need to absorb
oil.
water.
light.
None of the above.
4. The embryo grows by using the stored food in the
soil.
seed coat.
endosperm.
All of the above.
5. The roots of a new plant take in
sunlight.
minerals and water.
fruit.
None of the above.
6. The leaves of a plant make
air.
food.
nitrogen.
All of the above.
7. When the plant is an adult, it will develop
flowers.
seedlings.
rain.
All of the above.
8. The sprouting of a new plant is called
flowering
seedling
germination
All of the above
Plant seeds come from flowers and fruits in many shapes and sizes. The fruit
of a plant contains many seeds. Think about the number of seeds in a
watermelon. When the fruit leaves the plant it starts to decay. This allows the
seeds inside to reach the soil where they can grow into new plants. These
seeds are sometimes pushed into the soil by rain. Animals like squirrels and
chipmunks bury seeds as well.
Look at the diagram of the seed. When seeds are planted in the soil they
absorb water. As temperatures become warmer the cells of the embryo inside
the seed begin to divide and the embryo grows. The embryo uses the stored
food within the endosperm to grow and it eventually breaks through the seed
coat. The roots sprout and it is now a new plant. The sprouting of a new plant
is called germination.
The roots of this new plant take in minerals and water to help it grow. As the
stem grows up, leaves begin to appear. The leaves help the plant make its
own food. The plant becomes an adult plant that will develop flowers. The
flowers develop seeds and the reproduction cycle begins again.
POLLINATION AND FERTILISATION
 Pollination is the transfer of the male
grain from the
to the stigma of the female pistil. Pollination may occur by means of the wind
or by animals such as
.
 Self-pollination – pollination within the
plant
 Cross-pollination – pollination with another plant
 Fertilisation – Fertilisation occurs after pollination. It is the process when a
male pollen grain enzymatically ‘drills’ a pollen tube from the stigma down the
style to the
, and then fuses with or fertilises a female
to form a single-celled zygote
THE FRUIT
 Fruit – the enlarged fleshy ovule (part of the ovary) which contains the
that developed from the zygote
GERMINATION OF THE SEED
 Germination – the growth of the seed into a small plant called a __________.
 Water is
for germination.
 Seeds may be dispersed or
by wind (e.g. pine seed), by water (e.g.
coconut) or by animals (e.g. bird).
THE SEEDLING
 After germination of the seed, the shoot grows upward and the
grows downward.
 The first leaf/leaves to grow are called seed-leaves or
 Monocotyledons are plants, such as grasses and irises, that have
_________cotyledon or seed-leaf.
 Dicotyledons are plants, such as roses and carrots, that have
cotyledons or seed-leaves.
.