Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
OVERVIEW OF SPECTRUM ISSUES
IN INDONESIA
Presented by:
Denny Setiawan
Deputy Director of Spectrum Policy and Planning
Directorate General of Post and Telecommunications
Ministry of Communications and IT
GSMA Spectrum Workshop
Session 3: Regulatory Frameworks and government policy
affects spectrum availability
London, 29th June 2010
DG POSTEL
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
PRESENTATION
1.
2.
3.
4.
OVERVIEW
MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS AND FREQUENCY BANDS
IMT-ADVANCED SPECTRUM AND PROBLEMS
SPECTRUM PRICING AND LICENSING REFORM
DG POSTEL
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
SOUTHEAST ASIA AND INDONESIA
IN BRIEF (Ref: Wikipedia)
• South East Asia
–
–
–
–
Area: 5,000,000 km2
Pops (2009): 593,000,000
Density: 116.5 people per km2
GDP per capita (2009): US$ 2500
• Indonesia:
S.E Asia countries consist of : Indonesia,
Malaysia, Singapore, Phillipines, Thailand,
Brunei, Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos,
Cambodia, East Timor, Papua New Guinea
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– Area: 1,919,440 km2 (land),
735,355 sq.mi (sea)
– Pops (2009): 229,965,000
– Density: 119,9 people per km2
– GDP per capita (2009): US$ 4156
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
1. INDONESIAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS
GROWTH
Sumber: Business Monitor International Report 2Q2008
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
INDONESIA ICT STATISTIC
Fixed
Wireline
Number of
subscribers
8.8 Millions
3 Operators
Fixed
Wireless
21.7 Millions
4 Operators
Cellular
140.5 Millions
8 Operator
Internet
2.3 Millions
164 ISP,
± 25 MillionUsers
(5 GSM & 3 CDMA)
Penetration
3.81%
9.53%
61.72%
10%
Number of population: More than 237.5 millions pops
Data: Q1-2009
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
2. MOBILE SERVICES AND FREQUENCY
BANDS
• MOBILE OPERATORS IN INDONESIA (FDD / Paired Band)
– BAND PLAN GSM-900/1800
– IMT-2000 (UMTS) BAND PLAN
• MOBILE AND FWA OPERATORS IN INDONESIA (FDD / Paired Band)
– BAND PLAN CDMA-850
• 2.6 GHz BAND PLAN OPTIONS
• DTTB & DIGITAL DIVIDEND IN UHF-BAND
• DIGITAL DIVIDEND (700 MHz) BAND PLAN
• IMT-ADVANCED SPECTRUM AND PROBLEMS
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
MOBILE OPERATORS IN INDONESIA
(FDD / Paired Band)
Telkomsel
Indosat
XL Axiata
Hutch CPT
Axis
1995
1994
1996
2004
2004
Number of
subs (end of
2008)
65,300,000
36,500,000
26,000,000
4,501,000
3,000,000
Standard
GSM/UMTS
/HSPA
GSM/UMTS
/HSPA
GSM/UMTS
/HSPA
GSM/UMTS
/HSPA
GSM/UMTS
/HSPA
Frequency
Band (MHz)
900/1800/
2100
900/1800/
2100
900/1800/
2100
900/1800/
2100
900/1800/
2100
Bandwidth
40 MHz FDD
40 MHz FDD
20 MHz FDD
15 MHz FDD
20 MHz FDD
Starting of
operation
Notes:
Reference: Number of subscribers: Annual report of operators year 2008, Ditjen Postel.
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
BAND PLAN GSM-900/1800
BAND PLAN GSM-900
ISAT
890
TSEL
900
XL
907.5
ISAT
915
935
TSEL
945
Uplink
XL
952.5
960
MHz
Downlink
BAND PLAN GSM-1800
XL
ISAT
TSEL
NTS
TSEL
ISAT
TSEL
HCPC
1710
1717.5 1722.5
1730
1745
1750
1765
1775
1785
MHz
Uplink
1805
1812.5 1817.5
1825
1840
1845
1860
1870
1880
MHz
Downlink
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
IMT-2000 (UMTS) BAND PLAN
BAND PLAN IMT-2000 (UMTS)
Hutch
CPT
AXIS
TSEL
XL
INDOSAT
IMT Satellite Component
Guard
band
PCS-1900 DL
1920
1925
1930
1935
1940
1945
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
2000
2010 MHz
2110
2115
2120
2125
2130
2135
2140
2145
2150
2155
2160
2165
2170
2175
2180
2180
2200 MHz
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
MOBILE AND FWA OPERATORS IN INDONESIA
(FDD / Paired Band)
SAMPOER
NA TI
MOBILE8
BAKRIE
TELECOM
TELKOM
FLEXI
INDOSAT
STARONE
SMART
Starting of
operation
1985
1990s
1990s
2002
2002
2004
Number of
subs (Y:2008)
N/A
3,004,400
7,300,000
12,725,000
761,589
N/A
CDMA
CDMA
CDMA
CDMA
CDMA
CDMA
Frequency
Band (MHz)
450
850
850
850
850
1900
Bandwidth
3.69 MHz
FDD
4.92 MHz
FDD
4.92 MHz
FDD
4.96 MHz
FDD
2.26 MHz
FDD
6.15 MHz
FDD
Standard
Notes:
•
•
•
Bakrie Esia: 4 carrier 1.23 MHz di West Java, DKI, Banten,
Telkom: 4 carrier 1.23 MHz exclude West Java, DKI, Banten
Reference: Number of subscribers: Annual report of operators year 2008, Ditjen Postel.
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
BAND PLAN CDMA-850
BAND PLAN CDMA-850
Sub Band ex AMPS-A
1019
37
78
119
Sub Band ex AMPS-B
160
201
242
283
384
425
466
507
548
589
630
835
835
MHz
880
890
MHz
Wilayah Layanan: Jakarta, Banten dan Jawa Barat
BAKRIE
Rsv
TELKOM
MOBILE-8
Rsv
ISAT
Rsv
ISAT
Wilayah Layanan: Nasional, selain Jakarta, Banten dan Jawa Barat
TELKOM
Rsv
BAKRIE
MOBILE-8
Uplink
Downlink
Tiap raster channel AMPS 30 kHz, 1 kanal CDMA = 41 kanal AMPS = 1.23 MHz
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
OPERATOR BWA TDD 2.6 GHz (Unpaired Band) &
SATELIT BSS
Starting of
operation
Licensed Area
Number of subs
(end of 2008)
CSM
ELANG
MAHKOTA
MNC SKVISION
(INDOVISION)
2009
N.A
1996
Jakarta and some
Jakarta and some
major cities in Java major cities in Java
islands
islands
Nationwide
N/A
N/A
< 1,000,000
Wimax
Wimax
BSS Satellite
Frequency Band
(MHz)
2500 - 2515
2675 - 2690
2520 – 2670
Bandwidth
15 MHz TDD
15 MHz TDD
150 MHz (10
TXPDR @30 MHz)
Standard
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
2.6 GHz BAND PLAN OPTIONS
TDD
BWA1
BSS
X1(V)/X2(P)
BSS
X3(V)/X4(P)
BSS
X5(V)/X6(P)
BSS
X7(V)/X8(P)
BSS
X9(V)/X10(P)
TDD
BWA2
2500 2510 2520 2530 2540 2550 2560 2570 2580 2590 2600 2610 2620 2630 2640 2650 2660 2670 2680 2690 2700
Status Quo Option
FDD U/L
TDD
2500 2510 2520 2530 2540 2550 2560
2580
FDD D/L
2610 2620 2630 2640 2650 2660 2670 2680 2690
Rec ITU-R M.1036
FDD U/L
BSS
X3(V)/X4(P)
BSS
X5(V)/X6(P)
FDD D/L
TDD TDD
BWA1 BWA2
2500 2510 2520 2530 2540 2550 2560 2570 2580 2590 2600 2610 2620 2630 2640 2650 2660 2670 2680 2690 2700
Band Segmentation Option
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
DTTB & DIGITAL DIVIDEND IN UHF-BAND
• Digital TV Terrestrial Broadcasting (DTTB) Planning
– Fixed DTTB: DVB-T Standard (decided in 2007), Mobile TV: no mandatory
standard.
– Dealing with multi regulator environment (Telecommunication and Broadcasting
authorities).
– Must to accommodate different public policies and objectives (nationwide and
local TVs, public, private and community broadcasting, etc).
• Digital Dividend in UHF-band
– 470 – 806 MHz is used for Analog TV Broadcasting (PAL standard).
– 806 – 890 MHz is used for Radio Trunking and CDMA cellular / FWA services
– Some potential technologies identified (Additional DTTBs, Mobile Broadband,
PPDR, PSME, etc).
– Special opportunity to have most valuable spectrum with larger bandwidth and
coverage.
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
IDENTIFIED BANDS FOR IMT-ADVANCED (4G)
• In operation for Mobile Communication Services
– 450 MHz / 850 MHz Band / 1900 MHz Band (3GPP2/CDMAbased)
– 900 MHz Band / 1800 MHz / 2100 MHz Band (3GPP/GSMbased)
• Used by other services i.e. Satellite, Broadcasting Services, etc.
– 700 MHz Band
– 2500 MHz Band
– 3600 MHz Band
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
3. IMT-ADVANCED SPECTRUM & PROBLEMS
• For existing bands of Mobile Communication Services
– Most of bands has no contigously large enough bandwidth
available for 4G services.
– Most possible band used for IMT-Advanced (assuming 20
MHz bandwidth contiguously required for IMT) is the 1.8 GHz
band. However, it will need spectrum re-arrangement among
operators.
– Spectrum re-farming with existing services (HSPA, GSM,
CDMA, etc).
– Possible interference between different band plans (850 MHz
and 900 MHz band plan, 1900 MHz and UMTS band plan).
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
IMT-ADVANCED SPECTRUM & PROBLEMS (cont..)
• 2.5 / 2.6 GHz band
– Sharing IMT services with Broadcasting Satellite Services /
Direct to Home Satellite is very difficult.
– If band segmentation option is selected, how to maintain the
services of significant number of BSS/DTH subscribers.
• 3.5 GHz band
– Part of bands used by Pay-TV DTH services.
– The band is used by several Indonesian satellites.
• 700 MHz band / Digital Dividend
– Migration Analog to Digital TV is not started yet.
– How to negotiate with broadcasting industry to release
analog TV spectrum in near future.
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
4. SPECTRUM LICENSING AND PRICING REFORM
Before year 2005:
• All major spectrum licensing were granted by first come first
served basis.
• Licenses issued based on lobbying from applicants. Sometime
without proper planning.
• No commitment and fees based on deployment of base stations.
• Result:
– Some of licensees did not roll out the networks, but rather
waiting for “new investors...(using spectrum as its valuable
asset)
– Overlapping band plans of PCS-1900 and UMTS in 1900 MHz
band, and 850 MHz/900 MHz between GSM and CDMA.
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
SPECTRUM LICENSING AND PRICING REFORM
Since year 2005:
• Introduction of auction of the method of spectrum licensing
(Most fair, transparant, independent)
• Success with mobile spectrum licensing.
• Difficult to convince the broadcasting authorities to conduct the
auctions.
• Method of spectrum auction was relatively simple (2nd round
sealed bid auction), need to be improved.
• Result:
– 3G network roll out has been implemented very rapidly.
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
SPECTRUM LICENSING AND PRICING REFORM
Current and future projects :
• Converting existing spectrum license of mobile operators from
apparatus license-based to become bandwidth license. It will
significantly reduce the complexity of the licensing process.
• Consultation with industry to introduce cost-recovery based
spectrum pricing method as well as taking into account
spectrum value.
• Improvement of spectrum auction methods.
• Challenges: Need to negotiate and convince the Ministry of
Finance and Parliaments that the Government Income from
spectrum license fees should not be targeted each year
increasingly, and should reflect the cost-recovery of spectrum
management process.
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
CLOSING REMARKS
• Most of identified spectrum for IMT-Advanced / 4G are
heavily used by existing services.
• DG Postel would like to invite proposals, ideas,
expertises of spectrum refarming strategy and issues
to facilitate the implementation of the IMT-Advanced /
4G in Indonesia, taking into account the concerns of
relevant parties.
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Departemen Komunikasi dan Informatika
Q & A:
[email protected]
[email protected]
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