DO NOW
• “Active Reading”- Wait for instructions
REVIEW
• Atoms = Smallest units of matter
• Elements= pure substances made from 1 type
of atom
• Compounds/Molecules = When two or more
atoms join together
•
•
•
•
Oxygen- O2
Carbon Dioxide- CO2
Water- H2O
Glucose- C6H12O6
• The 4 molecules we learned about yesterday
are considered to be “simple molecules”
• Simple, small molecules in our bodies are the
next set of building materials.
• Simple molecules can be used to form LARGE,
COMPLEX molecules.
• Monomer = Single, simple molecule
• Monomers are “building blocks,” or building
materials.
• Monomer = Single, simple molecule
• Monomers are “building blocks,” or building
materials.
• Polymer = Large, complex molecule made from
many monomers joined together
• Monomer = Single, simple molecule
• Monomers are “building blocks,” or building
materials.
• Polymer = Large, complex molecule made from
many monomers joined together
Mono = 1
Poly = Many
Monomer
Polymer
Monomer
Just one
Polymer
Many
joined
together
There are 3 important building blocks that you must
know.
- Simple sugars
- Glucose
- Amino acids
• Simple sugars are the building blocks of
carbohydrates
• Simple sugar = monomer (just 1)
• Carbohydrate = polymer (many simple sugars joined
together)
• Glucose is a type of simple sugar. Glucose is a small,
simple molecule.
• Glucose can be joined together to form starch.
• Starch is an example of a carbohydrate.
• Glucose = Monomer
• Starch = Polymer
• Glucose molecules are the building blocks of
starch.
• Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
• Amino acid = monomer (just 1 molecule)
• Protein = A polymer (made of many amino acids
joined together)
• When molecules are joined together, it is
called synthesis
• Glucose can be synthesized into starch
• Amino acids can be synthesized into proteins
• Simple sugars can be synthesized into
carbohydrates
• When molecules are broken down, it is called
digestion
• Proteins can be digested into amino acids
• Carbohydrates can be digested into simple sugars
• Starch can be digested into glucose
• Synthesis = Build up
• Digestion = Break down
REVIEW
1. What is the chemical formula for glucose?
2. Which 2 elements make up carbon dioxide?
3. How many atoms are bonded together in 1 molecule
of water (H2O)?
4. What is the chemical formula for molecular oxygen?
5. How many different elements are found in a glucose
molecule?
• What is a monomer?
• Give me an example of a monomer.
• What is a polymer?
• Give me an example of a polymer.
• What does synthesis mean?
• What does digestion mean?
• What are the building blocks of proteins?
• What can starch be digested into?
• What can simple sugars be synthesized into?
• The end
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
• Chemical Reactions are events that change one set
of molecules into a completely different set of
molecules.
• 2 or more substances react to form something
completely different.
• The elements or compounds that you start
with in a chemical reaction are called the …
• The elements or compounds that you end up
with are called the …
• The elements or compounds that you start
with in a chemical reaction are called the
reactants
• The elements or compounds that you end up
with are called the …
• The elements or compounds that you start
with in a chemical reaction are called the
reactants
• The elements or compounds that you end up
with are called the products
• Reactants = What you start with
• Products = What you end with
• Chemical reactions change reactants into
completely different products.
• Reactants ------> Products
• Reactants ------> Products
Flour + Sugar + Eggs + Butter ---------> Cookies
• Reactants ------> Products
HEAT
Flour + Sugar + Eggs + Butter ---------> Cookies
Na + Cl -----> NaCl
Na = Sodium (a metal)
Cl = Chlorine (poisonous gas, in solid form it is used to
clean pools)
NaCl = Sodium Chloride (salt)
• Chemical reactions involve changes in chemical
bonds.
• In a chemical reaction, bonds can be broken and
bonds can be formed.
• When molecules are joined together, it called
synthesis
• When molecules are broken apart, it’s called
digestion
• Synthesis = build up
• Digestion = break down