Hands up for Max
Contents
Key Stage 1
What are germs? lesson plan
Colouring sheet 1
Colouring sheet 2
Colouring sheet 3
Colouring sheet 4
Hand hygiene art competition
Certificate
Hand hygiene homework
Picture sheets
Key Stage 2 or advanced Key Stage 1
What are germs? lesson plan
What are germs? germ character sheet
What are germs? germ character answer sheet
Hand hygiene art competition
Certificate
Healthy hands, healthy school lesson plan
Hand hygiene homework
Key Stages 1 & 2
Poster
Handwashing game
Fun facts
Key Stage 1
What are germs? lesson plan
Colouring sheet 1
Colouring sheet 2
Colouring sheet 3
Colouring sheet 4
Hand hygiene art competition
Certificate
Hand hygiene homework
Picture sheets
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Key Stage 1
Estimated teaching time
Curricular areas
Objectives
30 minutes
Science (scientific enquiry),
Art and Design (exploring and
developing ideas).
Children will learn that there are many varieties
of germs, such as viruses and certain bacteria.
Some are good but some can make us sick.
To create an understanding that germs are smaller than
the eye can see.
To create an understanding of where germs live.
Suggested Sequence
1.
Ask if anyone knows what germs are?
2.
Ask how big they are?
3.
Inform children that germs are tiny bugs, also called micro-organisms and microbes. (Explain that
we can’t see them with our eyes, we need the help of a microscope, which acts like a giant magnifying
glass. If possible show the children a microscope or a magnifying glass.)
4.
Explain that there are many types of germs and that different germs can make us sick in different
ways, but some are good for us.
5.
Ask the children where do they think germs live. Write their answers on a board or flipchart.
6.
Go on to explain that germs are nearly everywhere
7.
Show children the images of germ types, discuss the shapes (balls, spirals, etc) and explain the
illnesses they can cause.
8.
Give the printed germ character sheets to the children to colour in, or ask the children to design
their own germ characters, making it as imaginative as possible (this can be done in class or as homework) children can describe how their germ can make us sick.
You could link this with the art competition.
BACTERIA
EAR ACHE
E-COLI
SALMONELLA
SORE THROAT
PIMPLES
STOMACH ACHE
FUNGI
ATHELETES FOOT
TOXIC MOLD
YEAST
VIRUSES
CHICKEN POX
MEASLES
COMMON COLD
RUBELLA
FLU
GLANDULAR FEVER
Key Stage 2
Or advanced Key Stage 1
What are germs? lesson plan
What are germs? germ character sheet
What are germs? germ character answer sheet
Hand hygiene art competition
Certificate
Healthy hands, healthy school lesson plan
Hand hygiene homework
Estimated teaching time
Key Stage 1 or 2
1 hour
(total time for parts one and two, depending on class size).
Curricular areas
PSHE (preparing to play an active part as citizens;
developing a healthy, safer lifestyle), Science (scientific enquiry).
Objectives
Children will learn the importance of good hand
hygiene within a school setting.
To demonstrate to children
how germs can be spread by
contact with other pupils.
Materials
Glitter
Paper Towels
Bucket
Soap
Water
Suggested sequence
1.
Involve the children in a discussion around the importance of hand hygiene.
Ask children why it is important to wash hands, when we need to wash our hands and what can
happen if we do not wash our hands.
2.
Write down the children’s responses on the board and generate discussion to fill in any
obvious blanks.
3.
Begin a discussion around why it is important to have good hand hygiene in a school setting.
Encourage children to think beyond the obvious. For example, staying healthy means that children
can stay in school, where they can learn, see their friends, play sports and so on.
4.
Remind children that we can’t see germs, ask children to pretend that the pieces of glitter
are germs.
5.
Over a bucket, put a small amount of glitter on the hands of a few children. Ask them to rub their
hands together to spread the glitter easily.
6.
Then ask the children to shake hands with other children, who in turn shake hands with others.
Repeat this process until all class members have shaken hands with at least five other children.
7.
Discuss with the children how many of them have some of the "germs" on their hands?
How did they get there?
How might we be able to get rid of them?
Estimated teaching time
Key Stage 1 or 2
1 hour
(total time for parts one and two, depending on class size).
Curricular areas
PSHE (preparing to play an active part as citizens;
developing a healthy, safer lifestyle), Science (scientific enquiry).
Objective
To demonstrate the best method of washing hands
in order to remove germs.
Materials
Glitter
Paper Towels
Bucket
Soap
Water
Suggested sequence
1.
Ask the children to try to wipe away the glitter
(germs) on their hands.
They won’t be able to do this.
2.
Split the class into 3 groups
Group 1
Ask this group to try to remove the glitter using a dry paper towel.
Group 2
Ask this group to try to remove the glitter using only plain cold water.
Group 3
Ask this group to try to remove the glitter with warm water and soap.
Write down the children’s responses on the board to the following questions:
3.
Ask each group what happened when they tried to get the glitter off their hands.
Did they get all the glitter off? Which group got the most off?
4.
Explain that washing your hands with warm soap and water is the best way to remove germs
from our hands.
5.
Ask the children to demonstrate their hand washing technique.
6.
Then show children the correct handwashing technique using the poster.
7.
Get all the pupils to wash the remaining glitter off their hands using the correct technique.
What did they do differently?
Key Stages 1 & 2
Poster
Handwashing game
Fun facts
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It should now look like this
Flip it over
Fold up all four corners
so that the points meet
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Now fold the
top back.
It should now
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Work your fingers into the
four corners form the fold side
-work the creases to form
the four points
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Background information
Micro-organisms cannot be seen by the naked eye (micro means tiny and organism means a living
creature); many hundreds of them would fit on the full stop at the end of this sentence. This term
includes: viruses, bacteria and some fungi. They are found everywhere, in soil, air, water, on your skin
and in your guts. Most of the time when they are in the right place the majority of micro-organisms are
not harmful to people and often do a lot of good such as breaking down waste and making bread.
We couldn’t live without them.
Micro-organisms can be spread:
·
by direct contact such as holding hands then getting into the body through cuts or breaks in the skin.
·
through the air when you sneeze, cough, talk or sing.
·
by indirect contact as micro-organisms are present on toys, toilet handles, etc.
Viruses:
are the smallest type of germ that is known and can cause infections such as colds and flu,
measles, and chickenpox. Viruses are even smaller than bacteria and need to live inside
cells to reproduce and spread infection.
Bacteria: are single cell organisms. The human body is home to millions of bacteria, most are friendly
and are found almost everywhere on the body, but some can cause diseases such as tummy
ache and feeling sick, often related to food poisoning. They come in four general shapes of:
rod, comma, round and spiral.
Fungi:
includes mushrooms, like the ones you eat, moulds and yeasts. Some are parasites and can
live on you such as ringworm.
Fun facts
·
Typically there are between 10,000 and 10 million bacteria on each hand.
·
Damp hands spread 1,000 times more germs than dry hands.
·
The number of germs on your fingertips doubles after you use the toilet.
·
Bacteria 40 million years old have been extracted and successfully grown from a fossilised bee.
·
In 1918 more people died from the influenza virus (approximately 30 million) than died in the
First World War (10 million).
·
When you cough germs can travel about 3 metres if you do not put your hand or a handkerchief
over your nose and mouth.
·
Studies show only about 70% of people wash their hands after using a public toilet.
·
Bacteria double their number every 20 minutes. Students can be asked to calculate how many
there are after 1, 7 and 24 hours.
·
Almost one million bacteria can be created by one person in a school day.