Name:______________________________
Biology
Hernandez 2016
WORD BANK for 1-10
must consume (eat) other organisms to get energy
oxygen
convert sunlight to chemical energy through photosynthesis
Chlorophyll
temporarily stored in ATP molecules
Photosynthesis
most of the energy used in cells is provided by ATP
the sun
produce the fall colors of many leaves
a substantial amount of energy is released
release the chemical energy in glucose through cellular respiration
are secondary pigments used in photosynthesis
along with chlorophyll allow plants to absorb a wider range of light wavelengths
1.
2.
3.
4.
Most of the energy used by life on Earth comes from the sun
Heterotrophs are organisms that must consume (eat) other organisms to get energy
Autotrophs are able to (2) convert sunlight to chemical energy through photosynthesis
When cells break down food energy through cellular respiration, energy is temporarily stored in ATP
molecules
5. ATP is called a cell’s “energy currency” because most of the energy used in cells is provided by ATP
6. When a phosphate group is removed from an ATP molecule a substantial (HUGE) amount of energy is
released.
7. Light energy is converted to chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis
8. The major atmospheric by-product of photosynthesis is Oxygen
9. Chlorophyll is the main photosynthetic pigment
10. Carotenoids(3) produce the fall colors of many leaves are the secondary pigments used in
photosynthesis along with chlorophyll allow plants to absorb a wider range of light wavelengths
WORD BANK for 11 - 20
breaks down food molecules to release stored energy
more slowly
they enter an electron transport chain
ATP and NADPH
to replace the electrons that are lost when sunlight excites electrons in the chlorophyll
which produces hydrogen ions and oxygen
electron transport
increases until a saturation point is reached
Mitochondria
Krebs cycle
glycolysis
chloroplasts
the Calvin cycle
thylakoids
11. What organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in cells? chloroplasts
12. As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases until a saturation point is reached
13. Low temperatures may cause photosynthesis to occur more slowly
14. When electrons of chlorophyll are raised to a higher energy level (excited) the enter an electron
transport chain.
15. Water is split during the light reactions (2)to replace the electrons that are lost when sunlight excites
electrons in the chlorophyll, which produces the hydrogen ions and oxygen.
16. The part of the chloroplast where oxygen is produced is/are the thylakoid
17. The products of the light reactions that are required for the dark reactions are ATP and NADPH
18. During photosynthesis, the series of reactions that create the complex carbohydrates (sugars) needed
for energy and growth from CO2 is known as electron transport chain
19. Cellular respiration breaks down food molecules to release stored energy
20. Name 3 parts of cellular respiration? Mitochondria, krebs cycle, glycolysis
lactic acid and ethyl alcohol/carbon dioxide
mitochondria
Sugars are produced in chloroplasts for later use.
Oxygen
aerobic cellular respiration
fermentation
help the chemical reactions occur by lowering the activation energy needed
Then the mitochondria break the sugar down to produce ATP
21. Which process produces the most ATPs? Aerobic cellular respiration
22. The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is oxygen
23. What organelle is responsible for aerobic cellular respiration? mitochondria
24. The name of the process in which sugars are broken down in the absence of oxygen is known as
25. Enzymes are important during photosynthesis and cellular respiration because they---help chemical
reactions occur by lowering the activation energy needed.
26. Which of these represent the by-products of fermentation? Lactic acid and ethyl alcohol/carbon dioxide
27. Which of the following best explains the presence of both chloroplasts and mitochondria in plant
cells?(2) sugars are produced in chloroplasts for later use. Then the mitochondria break the sugar down
to produce ATP
Which of the following are not true regarding macromolecules: put an (X)
28.X Photosynthesis produces carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and starches.
29. X Photosynthesis produces lipids to speed up chemical reactions.
30._____Specialized proteins help the chemical reactions during photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
31.X Nucleic acids, such as enzymes, are important in splitting the water during the light reactions of
photosynthesis
32.Write the Equation for Photosynthesis:
light
6CO2 + 6H2O
33.What are the reactants? CO2 plus
-----------------
> C6H12O6 + 6O2
H20
34.Write the Equation for Cellular Respiration:
C6H12O6 +6O2  6C02 + 6H2O + ATP
35.What are the products ATP + H20 + 6CO2
36. What foods and beverages are made by microbial fermentation? Yogurt and Cheese
37. What is the purpose of ATP in both Photosyn. And Cell. Resp.? Provides temporary energy for cell
38. What are the 2 types of temporay E storage produced in Photosyn. In Stage 2? ATP NADPH
39. When and where are ETC’s formed in Photosynthesis? Stage 2
40. What is the produced at the end of the Calvin Cycle? Glucose (Sugar)