Category: Abiotic Stress: Adaptation And Management
Registration ID : IPPC0216
Type : Poster
Physiological mechanism of drought tolerance in pearl millet at early seedling
stage
Sunita Gupta*, N. K. Gupta and L. D. Sharma
Rajsthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur, INDIA
*Presenting author: [email protected]
An experiment was conducted to study the physiological attributes of drought
tolerance in pearl millet hybrids at early seedling stage. The five selected pearl millet
hybrids (MH 1928, MH 1777, MH 1969, MH 1970, MH 1974) were grown in small
plastic pots following standard package and practices. The water stress condition was
created by irrigating these pots with polyethylene glycol (5 and 10 %). The various
physiological parameters were studied at 10 and 20 days after sowing. The result
showed that shoot length, seedling dry weight, relative water content, membrane
stability index, chlorophyll content decreased significantly with PEG induced water
stress in all the hybrids, while root length and catalase activity increased significantly
under water stress. The MH-1969 and MH-1970 perform better both under non stress
and water stress conditions owing of maintaining higher RWC, MSI Chlorophyll
content and catalase activity at 10 and 20 days after sowing. The SDS-PAGE showed
that some of the proteins were down regulated under PEG induced water stress
conditions in these genotypes.
Category: Abiotic Stress: Adaptation And Management
Registration ID : IPPC0275 Type : Speaker
Sorghum improvement for abiotic stress adaptation and climate change
resilience in dryland conditions
S. S. Rao1*, H. S. Talwar1, B. Subbarayaudu1, N. Kannababu1, C. Aruna1, K.
Hariprasanna1, T. G. N. Rao1, Prabhakar Bhat2, P. V. V. Prasad3 and J. S. Mishra4
1
ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad, INDIA
Centre on Rabi Sorghum (IIMR), Solapur, INDIA
3
Kansas State University, KS, Manhattan, USA
4
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, INDIA
2
*Presenting author: [email protected]
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)) productivity is reduced due to the occurrence of
drought and heat stresses in pre-and postflowering stages. Current research aimed at
1) quantifying the impact of drought (D), high temperature (HT) and combined stress
(D*HT) on sorghum physiological traits and 2) assessing the climate effects on
bioenergy sorghum quality. Treatments imposed in growth chambers 1) control
[Irrigation+ Optimum temperature (OT)(32/22 degrees (d) C day and night , resp.]; 2)
drought stress [drought for 20 days + OT (32/22 d C)]; 3) HT stress [Irrigation+ HT
(38/28 d C)]; and 4) combined stress [drought + HT (38/28 d C)]. Leaf area decreased
by 25% in D *HT stress over OT. Average leaf temperature increased by 8.0, 5.0,
2.5% resp., in combined, HT and D over OT. Root length and root -shoot ratio
significantly increased by 11.0% in combined stress over optimum. Leaf water
content decreased by 16.1% and 35.0% respectively, in D and D*HT over OT. Across
rainy season plantings, sweet sorghum CSH22SS produced 29.0% more bioethanol
than SSV84, while SSV74 yielded 16.6% more than SSV84. CSH22SS produced
higher stalk, grain, sugar and bioethanol yields over SSV84 or SSV74. Both
CSH22SS and SSV74 were more stable across plantings and showed climate
resilience. In postrainy season, stalk yield decreased by 26-36% in late plantings over
early. Based on stalk yield and sugar quality, PAC52093 and CSV19SS were stable
across plantings and were climate adapted.The implication of these results is
discussed for genetic enhancement of sorghum for climate change resilience.
Category: Abiotic Stress: Adaptation And Management
Registration ID : IPPC0325
Type : Poster
Performance of sugarcane varieties under different moisture stress in
subtropical zone
Pooja Dhansu1*, Ajit S. Nandwal1, Mehar Chand2, Ashwani Kumar3 and Anita
Kumari1
1
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125004, Haryana, INDIA
Regional Research Station, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Karnal - 132001,
Haryana, INDIA
3
ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal - 132001, Haryana, INDIA
2
*Presenting Author : [email protected]
A field experiment was conducted at Regional Research Station, CCSHAU, Karnal
during 2014-15 with the objective to evaluate the effect of different soil moisture
regimes (during pre-monsoon period) on growth and yield of sugarcane varieties. The
experiment consisting of three moisture regimes based on available soil moisture
(ASM) i.e. 50 % ASM (control), 40% ASM (Mild stress) and 30% ASM (Severe
stress) in main plot and four commercial varieties i.e. CoS 767, CoH128 (Mid late)
and CoJ 64, Co 0238 (Early) in sub plot was laid out in split plot design with three
replications. The soil moisture stress was started after 45 days of planting (DAP).
Significant difference was observed among varieties for germination, growth and
yield parameters. Sugarcane variety CoJ64 showed higher germination (64.2%)
followed by CoS 767, CoH 128 and lowest in Co 0238. A significant reduction in
stalk height (upto 32-43 %), number of tillers (11-24%), millable canes (upto 24%),
cane length, cane growth and cane yield was observed in different varieties under
water stress treatment at 30% and 40% ASM as compared to 50% ASM (control).
Maximum tillers were recorded in July first week. Total chlorophyll content
significantly decreased (upto 27%) in stressed plants as compared to control plants.
Highest numbers of tillers were recorded in variety CoH 128 followed by CoS 767,
CoJ 64 and lowest in Co 0238 in the month of July. Highest number of millable canes
were recorded in CoS 767 followed by CoH 128, Co 0238 and lowest in CoJ 64.
Category: Abiotic Stress: Adaptation And Management
Registration ID : IPPC0121
Type : Poster
Trichoderma-colonization induced morpho- physiological and molecular
amendment in drought stressed rice plant
Veena Pandey1*, Mohammad Wahid2 Ansari, Suresh Tula2, Ranjan Kumar Sahoo2,
Gurdeep Bains1, Atul Kumar1, Alok Shukla1, Narendra Tuteja2 and Jitendtra Kumar1
1
Department of Plant Physiology, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology,
Pantnagar, UT, INDIA
2
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali
Marg, New Delhi, INDIA
*Presenting author : [email protected]
The present study was carried out to assess the potential of Trichoderma harzianum to
induce resistance under drought stress in two rice genotypes namely Pusa Basmati 1
and Pant Sugandh Dhan 17. Root-dip treatment of rice seedlings with Trichoderma
formulation was given at the time of transplanting i.e. 21 days after sowing. The
formulation was prepared by using Echinocloa frumentacae as substrate and the
concentration of viable propagules was found to be 107 cfu/g. For determining the
dose response, concentrated solution of Trichoderma, containing 10g/L (Dose1),
20g/L (Dose2) and 30g/L (Dose3) of Trichoderma formulation was prepared. Rice
seedlings of all the genotypes were dipped in these three solutions for 25 min and
thereafter planted in pots having sterilized soil. Seedlings dipped in distilled water
were used as control. Drought stress was given at the time of flowering with
withdrawn of water for five days. The soil moisture content in pots on fifth day was
8±2%. Results showed a significant amendment in the transcript levels of dehydrin
and aquaporin genes in a dose responsive manner, as compared to control. Inoculation
with Trichoderma induced prominent leaf rolling and reduced the incidence of leaf
senescence and tip burn caused by drought stress in rice plant. Thus, providing
evidence that T. harzianum colonization in rice plants can be considered as a
promising strategy to mitigate drought stress. This strategy can be explored further so
that it can be applied in field to eliminate undesirable consequences of drought stress.
Category: Abiotic Stress: Adaptation And Management
Registration ID : IPPC0413
Type : Poster
Differential accumulation and gene expression of various osmolytes in Brassica
juncea under temperature stress
Sudhir Kumar*1, R.K. Sairam1, K.V.Prabhu2, Akshay Sakhare1
1
Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agriculture Research Institute,New Delhi 110
012, India; 2Division of Genetics,, Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi
110 012, India
A study was carried out to evaluate the role of various osmolytes in temperature stress
tolerance in Brassica juncea genotypes. Three dates of sowing were used for
temperature stress i.e D1 (30 Oct), D2(15 Nov) and D3(30Nov).Different osmolytes
were studied. Result showed that Temperature stress due to late sowing (D2 and D3)
resulted in increase in contents of total sugar, proline, glycine-betaine and trehalose as
compared to normal (D1) sowing. Among various genotypes CS 52, Progaro and
NDR 8801 accumulated highest content of different osmolytes as compared to Pusa
Agrani, EJ-15 and Pusa Tarak, which showed lesser accumulation under temperature
stress. Gene expression studied by RT-PCR showed temperature stress induced
increase in mRNA transcript of ∆-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS),
betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) and trehalose-6 -phosphate synthase
(T6PS), which was again higher in Proagro and CS 52 compared to Pusa Agrani, EJ
15 and Pusa Tarak. Results suggested that high temperature induced expression of
P5CS, BADH and T6PS in Proagro and CS 52 resulted in greater accumulation of
osmolytes, which could be one of the reasons of their tolerance to temperature stress.