How is energy
transforming
as an ice
cube melts in
the sun?
A Heat
.
energ
y is
chang
ing to
chemi
cal
energ
y.
B Solar
.
energ
y is
chang
ing to
heat
energ
y.
C Solar
.
energ
y is
chang
ing to
chemi
cal
energ
y.
D Heat
.
energ
y is
chang
ing to
solar
energ
y.
2.
A balloon was filled with hot air and then rose up into the
air. Which of the following occurred?
A. Chemical energy changed to heat energy.
B. Heat energy changed to chemical energy.
C. Mechanical energy changed to chemical energy.
D. Heat energy changed to mechanical energy.
3.
While watching a basketball game, Leena clapped her
hands. After clapping, she noticed that her hands felt hot.
Which of the following had occurred?
A. Mechanical energy from her hand motions had
changed into light energy.
B. Mechanical energy from her hand motions had
changed into nuclear energy.
C. Mechanical energy from her hand motions had
changed into heat energy.
D. Mechanical energy from her hand motions had
changed into chemical energy.
4.
In which example is solar energy being transformed into
chemical energy?
A. a plant using sunlight to make food
B. a flashlight using a battery to make light
C. starting a fire with gasoline
D. sunlight melting glacial ice
5.
Use the diagram below to answer the question.
At what point will the car have the greatest velocity?
A. 2
B.
3
C. 1
D. 4
6.
How is energy changed when a flashlight is turned on?
A. Nuclear energy is changed into light.
B. Solar energy is changed into nuclear energy.
C. Solar energy is changed into electricity.
D. Electrical energy is changed into light.
7.
How is energy changing when a match burns?
A.
Solar energy changes to heat and chemical
energy.
B. Nuclear energy changes to heat energy and
friction.
C. Chemical energy changes to light and heat
energy.
D. Heat energy changes to chemical and light
energy.
8.
Before matches were invented, ancient people started
fires by quickly rubbing two pieces of wood together. This
is an example of
.
A. mechanical energy changing into heat energy
B. mechanical energy changing into chemical energy
C. heat energy changing into mechanical energy
D. heat energy changing into chemical energy
9.
Which of the following demonstrates chemical energy
transforming into mechanical energy?
A. using a generator to make electricity
B.
driving a gasoline-powered car
C. burning a match
D. melting cheese in a solar oven
10.
Look at the diagram and then answer the question.
A soccer ball is rolling across a bumpy field. Where is the
potential energy of the soccer ball being transformed into
kinetic energy?
A. between points 2 and 3
B. between points 3 and 4
C. before point 1
D. between points 1 and 2
11.
Of the following systems, the one with the least entropy is
A. a container of frozen water
B. oil floating in a container of water
C. sand mixed in a container of water
D. salt dissolved in a container of water
12.
Which equation represents a reaction that would be
endothermic?
A. NaCl(g)
NaCl(s)
B. H₂O(l)
H₂O(g)
C. CO₂(l)
CO(s)
D. HgO(g)
HgO(s)
13.
Which of the substances will absorb more heat per gram
for each
change?
A.
Barium 0.204
B.
Calcium 0.647
C.
Magnesium 1.023
D.
Strontium 0.301
14.
For an exothermic reaction, the products
A. are at the same energy level as the reactants
B. are at a lower energy level than the reactants
C. are at an energy level that is zero
D. are at a higher energy level than the reactants
15.
Chemical reactions are always spontaneous when ΔH
and ΔS are _____ .
A. ΔH is positive, ΔS is negative
B. ΔH is positive, ΔS is positive
C. ΔH is negative, ΔS is negative
D. ΔH is negative, ΔS is positive
16.
The substance with the highest entropy is
A. steam
B. ice water
C. liquid water
D. crushed ice
17.
Which equation represents a reaction that would be
exothermic?
A. NaCl(s)
NaCl(g)
B. H₂O(g)
H₂O(l)
C. CO₂(s)
CO₂(l)
D. HgO(s)
HgO(g)
18.
Which of the substances will release more heat energy
per gram for each degree Celsius change?
A.
Calcium 0.647
B.
Magnesium 1.023
C.
Strontium 0.301
D.
Beryllium 1.825
19.
A chemical reaction is exothermic if
A. ΔH is a negative value
B. ΔH is a positive value
C. energy is absorbed during the reaction
D. energy is conserved during the reaction
20.
A reaction occurs spontaneously when ΔG is
A. zero
B. constant
C. negative
D. positive
21.
Which of the following reactions is exothermic?
A.
B.
C.
D.
22.
Which of the following reactions is endothermic?
A.
B.
C.
D.
23.
A baseball pitching machine uses mechanical energy to turn its
gears. The mechanical energy of the gears is converted to
kinetic energy when the gears pitch a baseball into the air. The
amount of mechanical energy in the gears is greater than the
kinetic energy of the flying baseball. Why?
A. Some energy was released as heat.
B. Some energy was converted back to mechanical
energy.
C. Some energy from the ball was transferred into the
ground.
D. Some energy was destroyed during the energy
conversion.
24.
Look at the diagram of the roller coaster and then answer the
question.
At which point is the kinetic energy of the car being transformed
into potential energy?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 1
D. 2
25.
A relaxed rubber band is stretched back, then released. It flies
through the air and comes to rest on the ground.
Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of
energy transformations that occur in this scenario?
A.
The mechanical energy used to stretch the rubber band
back is changed to elastic potential energy in the rubber
band. The elastic potential energy is transferred to
kinetic energy as the rubber band flies.
B. The potential energy used to stretch the rubber band
back is changed to kinetic energy in the rubber band.
The kinetic energy is transferred to mechanical energy
as the rubber band flies.
C. The kinetic energy used to stretch the rubber band back
is changed to gravitational potential energy in the rubber
band. The gravitational potential energy is transferred
back to kinetic energy as the rubber band hits the
ground.
D. The potential energy used to stretch the rubber band
back is changed to heat energy in the rubber band. The
heat energy is transferred to mechanical energy as the
rubber band hits the ground.
26.
The picture below shows a wind farm. The mechanical energy of
the moving air used to turn the blades of the turbines is greater
than the kinetic energy of the electricity that is produced. Why is
this?
A.
Some energy is destroyed during the energy
conversion.
B. Some energy is released as heat.
C. Most energy is converted back to mechanical energy.
D. All energy from the air is transferred away from the
blade.
27.
At what point has most of the potential energy of the ball
transferred to kinetic energy in the diagram below?
A.
2
B. 3
C. 1
D. No potential energy is being transferred to kinetic
energy.
28.
A weight lifter reaches down and lifts a barbell weighing 50 kg
over his head and holds it over his head for a count of ten. Then,
he drops the barbell and it hits the ground. What is the correct
sequence of energy transfers between the weightlifter and the
barbell?
A
.
B
.
C
.
D
.
29.
A person shoots an arrow from a bow and it flies across a field.
What is the correct sequence of energy transformations in this
scenario?
A
.
B
.
C
.
D
.
30.
An electric generator uses a spinning motor to transform
mechanical energy into electricity. Which of the following is a
result of this transformation?
A. The generator gradually decreases its energy
production as the energy gets used.
B. Electricity is only able to be produced for a short time
because the motor only produces a small amount of
negative charge.
C. Eventually, the electrical energy will have to be
converted back to mechanical energy.
D. The motor becomes hot because some energy is
released as heat.
31.
Look at the diagram and then answer the question.
A soccer ball is rolling across a bumpy field. Where is the
potential energy of the soccer ball being transformed into kinetic
energy?
A. between points #2 and #3
B. between points #3 and #4
C. before point #1
D. between points #1 and #2
32.
Jan has been running for 45 minutes. When she began, she felt
like she had a lot of energy. Now, she is very tired and feels like
she has little energy left. Where has some of Jan's energy gone?
A. It was converted back to chemical energy.
B. It is being stored by her body to use if she continues to
run.
C. It was transformed into heat energy and given off into
her surroundings as she ran.
D. It was destroyed as she continued to run.
33.
Look at the diagram of the bouncing ball and then answer the
question.
At which point is the kinetic energy of the ball being transformed
into potential energy?
A. A and B
B. B and C
C. C only
D. A only
34
.
A child falls on a trampoline, the trampoline was pushed down,
and the child was tossed into the air as shown in the diagram
below. What is the correct sequence of energy transformations in
this scenario?
A
.
B
.
C
.
D
.
35.
Use the chart below to answer the question.
What is the heat of formation of 3 moles of water that is in the
liquid state?
A. 857.4 kJ/mol
B. - 857.4 kJ/mol
C. - 285.8 kJ/mol
D. 285.8 kJ/mol
36.
A.
8657 kJ/mol
393.5 kJ/mol
C. - 787 kJ/mol
D. -8.9 kJ/mol
B.
37. Which of the following statements is true about the heat of fusion?
A. When a solid changes into a liquid, the temperature does not
change but energy is released.
B. When a gas changes into a liquid, the temperature decreases, so
heat is released.
C. When a liquid changes into a gas, the temperature does not change
but energy is released.
D. When a solid changes into a liquid, the temperature decreases, so
heat is required.
38.
The graph below shows a solid substance undergoing a
temperature change over time. Which number in the phase
diagram below indicates the heat of fusion for this substance?
A.
3
B. 1
C.
D.
2
4
39.
Which of the following statements is true about the heat of
crystallization?
A. When a solid changes into a liquid, the temperature
decreases, so heat is released.
B. When a liquid changes into a solid, the temperature
does not change but energy is released.
C. When a solid changes into a gas, the temperature does
not change but energy is released.
D. When a gas changes into a solid, the temperature
decreases, so heat is required.
40.
Which number in the phase diagram below indicates the heat of
vaporization?
A.
3
B. 4
C. 2
D. 1
41.
Use the heat of formation chart below to answer the question.
What is the heat of reaction for the following reaction?
A.
504.0 kJ/mol
B. - 566.0 kJ/mol
C. - 1008 kJ/mol
D. - 283.0 kJ/mol
42.
A.
- 1153 kJ/mol
B. - 428.6 kJ/mol
C. 490.6 kJ/mol
D. 711.6 kJ/mol
43.
When the kinetic energy of the atoms increases during a
reaction, which kind of change might be occurring?
A. a phase change from a liquid to a gas
B. an increase in oxidation number
C. a phase change from a liquid to a solid
D. a decrease in oxidation number
44.
Which of the following phase changes would result if atoms that
were vibrating at a high rate began to slow to a moderate rate?
A. liquid to gas
B. gas to liquid
C. solid to liquid
D.
solid to gas
45.
Which of the following statements is true about a liquid changing
to a solid?
A. The kinetic energy of the substance is increasing.
B. The kinetic energy of the substance remains constant.
C. The temperature of the substance must be known to
determine if the kinetic energy is changing.
D. The kinetic energy of the substance is decreasing.
46.
What is most likely occurring at the area indicated in the phase
diagram below?
A.
The substance is changing from a solid to a liquid while
the temperature remains constant.
B. The substance is changing from a solid to a liquid as the
temperature increases.
C. The substance is changing from a liquid to a gas while
the temperature remains constant.
D. The substance is changing from a liquid to a solid as the
temperature increases.
47.
What is most likely occurring in the area indicated on the phase
diagram below?
A.
The substance is changing from a solid to a liquid as the
temperature increases.
B. The substance is changing from a liquid to a gas while
the temperature remains constant.
C. The substance is changing from a liquid to a gas while
D.
48.
the temperature increases.
The substance is changing from a liquid to a solid as the
temperature remains constant.
What event is occurring at the locations marked X and Y in the
phase diagram below?
A.
a temperature change
B. both a phase and temperature change
C. no change is occuring at X or Y
D. a phase change
49.
Which line segment represents the boiling point in the following
phase diagram?
A.
1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 3
50.
The diagram below shows a temperature vs. time graph for a
substance as it changes phase. Which line segment represents
the melting point?
A.
1
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
51.
The diagram below shows a temperature vs. time graph for a
substance as it changes phase. What is represented by the letter
A?
A.
the melting point
absolute zero
C. phase line
D. the boiling point
B.
52.
A green plant can make its own food. What does a green plant
need in order to make food?
A. wind
B. oxygen
C. light
D. strong roots
53.
How does chlorophyll help a plant survive?
A. It makes the leaves green.
B. It splits carbon dioxide molecules.
C. It converts sugars into starches.
D. It traps energy from sunlight.
54.
During photosynthesis, what two ingredients does a plant need
to make sugar?
A. water and carbon dioxide
B. water and oxygen
C. chlorophyll and oxygen
D. oxygen and carbon dioxide
55.
Fill in the blank.
_____________ and sugar are produced during photosynthesis.
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen
C. Nitrogen
D. Salt
56.
Which of the following substances are involved in the
photosynthesis reaction?
1. carbon dioxide
2. water
3. nitrogen
4. sunlight
A. 1, 2, and 4
B. 1, 2, 3, and 4
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 2 and 4 only
57.
What is the process that plants undergo to convert energy to
sugar?
A. respiration
B. photosynthesis
C. chlorophyll
D. mitosis
58.
What substance do plants make during photosynthesis using
sunlight ?
A. nitrogen
B. carbon dioxide
C. water
D. sugar
59.
Fill in the blank.
Plants use energy from _______________ to make sugar.
A. the soil
B. oxygen
C. the sun
D. glucose
60.
Fill in the blank.
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis both provide plants with
_______________ .
A. energy
B. oxygen
C. water
D. food
61.
The equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration appear
very similar. How are they different?
A. Photosynthesis involves water in the equation, while
cellular respiration does not.
B. Energy is part of the cellular respiration reaction, but not
the photosynthesis reaction.
C. Oxygen is a product in the equation for respiration and a
reactant in photosynthesis.
D. The products and reactants are reversed for
photosynthesis and respiration.
62.
Which type of sugar is part of the photosynthesis and respiration
reactions?
A. starch
B. glucose
C. sucrose
D. maltose
63.
What do plants produce during photosynthesis that animals use
for cellular respiration?
1. carbon dioxide
2. oxygen
3. glucose
4. water
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C.
D.
2 and 3
1 and 4
64.
What is glucose?
A. a hormone
B. a protein
C. a salt
D. a sugar
65.
Why is sunlight an important part of photosynthesis?
A. It helps plants get nutrients.
B. It helps plants get water.
C. It provides the energy that causes water and carbon
dioxide to react.
D. It causes glucose and oxygen to react.
66.
Which of the following completes the photosynthesis reaction
below?
A.
carbon
glucose
C. chlorophyll
D. protein
B.
67.
Which of the following completes the photosynthesis reaction
below?
A.
B.
C.
D.
68.
What belongs in the blank space to complete the unbalanced
photosynthesis equation below?
A.
CH
B.
C.
D.
6
9.
Use the potential energy diagram below to answer the question.
What is the change in this reaction's activation energy when a
catalyst is added?
A. It will decrease approximately 30 J.
B. It will increase approximately 30 J.
C. It will increase approximately 15 J.
D. It will decrease approximately 15 J.
70.
Which number in the potential energy diagram below indicates
the activation energy?
A.
1
3
C. 2
D. 5
B.
71.
Which of the following is represented by the number 2 in the
potential energy diagram below?
A.
the activation energy
B. the initial reaction time
C. the energy of the reactants
D. the energy of the products
72.
Which of the following is a potential energy diagram for an
exothermic reaction?
A.
B.
C.
D.