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Nutrient Solution Tests for Soilless Cultivation of Cantaloupe in Southern Thailand
6 789 :ก;<1 !ก> ;?7!<1 ? ก!?1
Wanpen Sukkran1, Somsak Maneepong1, and Montree Issarakraisila1
Abstract
Cantaloupe production in southern Thailand which have high humidity and rainfall, frequently has
problems of fruit cracking, low total soluble solid (TSS), and easily infected by diseases. Production of the
cantaloupe in-house by soilless culture is more suitable than growing in the field. This research was carried out by
comparison of four nutrient formulas. There were WU_NS05, modified Kao T. Chen formula for cantaloupe, general
purpose formula of Larsen, and Yamazaki formula for cantaloupe. Arko 434 F1 Hybrid cantaloupe (Chai Tai Seed)
was cultivated in a mixed substrate of 1:1 coir dust and chip. Each nutrient solution was supplied by controlling its
electrical conductivity (EC) into 3 levels depending on growth stage. The EC was controlled at 2.0 mS/cm during
vegetative stage, it was increased to 2.5 mS/cm during flowering stage, and to 3.0 mS/cm during fruit growth. The
results showed that, the cantaloupe growing by the WU_NS05 formula had highest fruit weight (average 2.6
kg/fruit), largest fruit size (average 2.6 L/fruit), and thickest pericarp (average 5.0 cm). TSS of the cantaloupe
growing by this formula was not highest (average 12.1 Brix), but it was not significantly different from the
cantaloupe growing by the Larsen formula which gave the highest TSS (average 13.1 Brix). Mean total
concentration of sugars in the juice was 95 g/L. Sucrose was the highest concentration of 53 % follow by glucose
(26 %) and fructose (21 %). The cantaloupe growing by Larsen=s solution had highest sugar. The results can be
deduced that the WU_NS05 and Larsen were suitable formulae for cantaloupe growing in southern Thailand.
Keywords : cantaloupe, soilless culture, nutrient solution
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(3) HINIก?HJgHcrJBcedBDEFbWATC@?f 3.0 mS/cm bWก?HLhกk?leXf? [?HWIW?N[\BH WU_NS05 A`C@f?JsWPaN]C?RRZ_?`RjกbW
(2.6 กcdWกHjO/bW) DR?]bW (2.6 WcBH/bW) VWI@X?O`R?JRYZE (5.01 JtRBcJOBH) [\FKPa[U] VWIVBกBf?Fg?กV@RB?W\GKPaGW\ก
]CXN[?HWIW?N[\BHEYaRENf?FOPRNj [_?@jrK?F[ucBc [fXRDEFVDvFKPWa IW?NRZ_?M]CO@P f?JsWPaN (12.1 EFL?eHcกtn) VBfMOfVBกBf?FENf?F
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School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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VbfRdlWPJEmcWPR ]C?RDC?FG{]]CXNB?Df?NกjRVOWF X?FVbRก?HK]WEFVee (Completely Randomized Design: CRD)
GHIกEe]CXN 4 [\BH[?HWIW?N @YE (1) [\BH[?HWIW?N WU_NS05 thaFlj~R?DhZRd]NO`?XcKN?WjNXWjNWjกkin ([OLjก]c, 2550)
(2) [\BH[?HWIW?Nm?BUE?`?H[_?`HjeV@RB?W\GDEF Kao Chen (E?Rj€, 2548) (3) [\BH[?HWIW?Nm?BUE?`?H[_?`Hjeก?HGW\ก
lYTKjaXMGDEF Larsen (Vegetable Research and Information Center, 2007) VWI (4) [\BH[?HWIW?N[_?`HjeGW\กV@RB?
W\GDEF Yamazaki (Engeikyokai, 2002) (Table 1) K_?ก?HK]WEF[\BH[?HWIW?Nm?BUE?`?HWI 7 tZ_? ATCV@RB?W\GljRmUn Arko
434 F1 Hybrid (Chia Thi Seed) JGoRljRmUnK][Ee VWIATCDUNOIlHC?Xb[Oกjeก?eOIlHC?X[je EjBH?[fXR 1:1 JGoRXj[]UGW\ก
d]NA`C[?HWIW?Nm?BUE?`?Hbf?RK?FHIeeRZ_?`N] thaFATC`jXRZ_?`N] 1 `jXBfEBCR VWIGHjeHI]je@f?ก?HR_?Mppq? (EC) B?OTfXF
ก?HJgHcrJBcedB 3 HI]je @YE 1) TfXFก?HJgHcrJBcedBK?F]C?RW_?BCR @f? EC JKf?กje 2.0 mS/cm 2) TfXFก?HEEก]Eก @f? EC
JKf?กje 2.5 mS/cm VWI 3) TfXFก?HJgHcrJBcedBDEFbW @f? EC JKf?กje 3.0 mS/cm d]NTfXFก?Hgf?N[?HWIW?NARVBfWIXjRJHcaO
BjaFVBf 7.00-16.00 R. Jl?IกWC?d]NATCDUNOIlHC?XJGoRXj[]UJl?I VWCXX?Fu?]Jl?IWFeRu?]KPaeHHgURZ_?JGWf?KPaHI]je 1 [fXR 4
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Xj]@f?DEFVDvFKPaWIW?NRZ_?M]CKjZF`O]]CXNXcmPXj]@f?]jTRP`jกJ`V[F VWIXcJ@H?I`nTRc]VWI@X?OJDCODCRDEFRZ_?B?W]CXNXcmP High
performance liquid chromatography
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bWก?HLhกk?leXf? V@RB?W\GKPGa W\ก]CXN[\BH[?HWIW?N WU_NS05 A`C@?f JsWPaN]C?RRZ_?`RjกbW GHcO?BHbW VWI
@X?O`R?JRYZE[\FKPa[U] VWIVBกBf?FK?F[ucBENf?FOPRjN[_?@jr (P<0.05) g?กV@RB?W\GKPaGW\ก]CXN[?HWIW?N[\BHEYaR thaFRf?gI
Jกc]g?ก[\BH[?HWIW?N WU_NS05 (Table 1) OP@X?OJDCODCRDEFm?BUMRdBHJgRVWIpE[pEHj[[\FกXf?[\BHEYaRARHINIVHกDEF
ก?HJgHcrJBcedB Bennett (1993) กWf?XXf? MRdBHJgRKPaJlPNFlETfXNJlcOa ก?HJgHcrDEFAe VWIbWbWcBHXO[\FDhZR VWIpE[pEHj[
KPaJ`O?I[OTfXNJlcOa ก?Hlj~R?DEFH?ก K_?A`Cก?HJgHcrJBcedBDEFlYT[O]UW NFNUKm (2543) กWf?XXf? @X?OJDCODCRDEF
MRdBHJgR[\FgI[fFbWA`C@X?OJDCODCRDEF@?HndeM„J]HBW]WF thaF[E]@WCEFกje[\BH[?HWIW?NDEF Kao Chen (Table 1) OP
@X?OJDCODCRDEFm?BUMRdBHJgR[\FKPa[U]ARHINIก?Hlj~R?DEFbW ghF[fFA`COP@?f DEFVDvFKPaWIW?NRZ?_ M]C (TSS) Ba_?[U] (Table 2)
JOYaEJGHPNeJKPNeกje[\BHDEF Larsen KPaA`C@?f JsWPaN[\FKPa[U] VWIVBกBf?FK?F[ucBcENf?FOPRjN[_?@jr (P<0.05) @f? TSS g?กKUก
[\BH[?HWIW?NleXf? NjFBa_?กXf?@f?KPab\CbWcBJOWv]ljRmUnHIeU (16-18 EFL?eHcกtn)
Table 1 Concentration ratios of chemicals (mg/L) in WU_NS05, Kao Chen, Larsen and Yamazaki nutrient solutions.
The actual concentrations were adjusted by their electrical conductivity depending on growth stage.
Fertilizers/Chemicals
5Ca(NO3)2⋅NH4NO3⋅10H2O
Ca(NO3)2⋅4H2O
KNO 3
K2SO4
KH2PO4
KCl
NH4H2PO4
MgSO4⋅7H2O
Fe-DTPA (11.3 %Fe)
MnSO4⋅H2O
CuSO4⋅5H2O
ZnSO4⋅7H2O
H3BO3
(NH4)6Mo7O24⋅4H2O
Na2SiO3⋅5H2O
WU_NS05
Before fruit
After fruit
setting
setting
972.58
972.58
363.98
151.66
261.40
204.13
204.13
67.10
492.96
492.96
22.24
22.24
1.69
1.69
0.19
0.19
0.52
0.52
1.85
1.85
0.04
0.04
9.54
9.54
Kao Chen
Before fruit
After fruit
setting
setting
164.98
247.46
607.64
905.00
152.26
228.39
364.98
557.60
33.63
33.63
0.92
0.92
0.04
0.04
0.09
0.09
1.49
1.49
0.01
0.01
-
-
Larsen
Transplanting
to harvesting
1060.56
336.14
525.89
180.98
486.64
26.55
4.00
1.18
1.32
5.72
0.13
Yamazaki
Transplanting
to harvesting
826.53
606.64
152.99
369.72
26.55
1.54
0.08
0.22
2.86
0.18
-
-
Table 2 Effects of nutrient formulae on fruit weight, volume, thickness of pericarp and total soluble solid of
harvested cantaloupes ( x ±SD).
Fruit weight
Fruit volume
Thickness of
Total soluble solid
Treatment
(kg/fruit)
(L/fruit)
pericarp (cm)
(oBrix)
a
a
a
ab
WU_NS05
2.61±0.25
2.68±0.42
5.0±0.5
12.1±0.5
b
b
b
c
Kao Chen
1.78±0.38
1.88±0.35
4.0±0.5
10.3±1.0
b
b
ab
a
Larsen
2.00±0.28
2.03±0.28
4.4±0.3
13.1±1.0
b
b
ab
bc
Yamazaki
1.87±0.42
1.91±0.33
4.5±0.5
11.4±1.2
CV (%)
16.36
16.41
9.94
7.97
Values within a column followed by the same letters are not significant different (P<0.05) by DMRT
bWก?HXcJ@H?I`nEF@nGHIกEeDEFRZ_?B?WARRZ?_ @jZRDEFV@RB?W\GleXf? RZ_?B?WARRZ?_ @jZRDEFV@RB?W\GGHIกEe]CXN
t\d@H[ กW\d@[ VWIpHU@dB[ d]NOP@X?OJDCODCRHXOJsWPaN 95 กHjO/WcBH t\d@H[JGoREF@nGHIกEeJsWPaNHCENWI 53 HEFWFO?@YE
กW\d@[ (HCENWI 26) VWIpHU@dB[ (HCENWI 21) B?OW_?]je @X?OJDCODCRHXODEFRZ_?B?WKjZF[?OTRc]MOfOP@X?OVBกBf?FENf?FOP
RjN[_?@jrK?F[ucBcHI`Xf?F[\BH[?HWIW?NKPaATC VBfleXf? RZ?_ @jRZ DEFV@RB?W\GKPaGW\ก]CXN[?HWIW?N[\BH Larsen OP@X?O
JDCODCRDEFt\d@H[VWIRZ_?B?WHXO[\FKPa[U][E]@WCEFกje@f?DEFVDvFKPaWIW?NRZ_?M]C
d]NJDCODCRDEFt\d@H[VBกBf?FENf?FOP
RjN[_?@jrK?F[ucBc (P<0.05) (Table 2 VWI Table 3) KjZFRPZE?gJRYaEFO?g?ก[?HWIW?N[\BH Larsen OP[j][fXR@X?OJDCODCRDEF
dlVK[JtPNO[\FกXf?[?HWIW?N[\BHEYaR bWก?HLhกk?DEF Villanueva VWI@iI (2004) leXf? [j][fXRDEFกW\d@[VWIpHU@dB[
ARVBFV@RB?W\GljRmUn Piel de Sapo VWI Rochet OP@f?AกWCJ@PNFกjRKUกHINIDEFก?Hlj~R?bW [fXRt\d@H[OP@X?OJDCODCR[\FDhZR
B?OE?NUDEFbW VWIOP[j][fXRHCENWI 76 VWI 80 B?OW_?]je DEFRZ_?B?WKjZF`O]KPaHINIJกveJกPaNX thaFOP@f?[\FกXf?bWก?HLhกk?
@HjZFRPZO?ก
Table 3 Effects of nutrient formulae on sugar concentration in cantaloupe juice (g/L)
Treatment
Sucrose
Glucose
Fructose
Total sugar
b
a
a
WU_NS05
49.49±8.04
23.90±2.76
19.58±2.29
92.97±12.26 a
Kao.T Chean
47.50±0.49 b
23.53±0.38 a
20.31±0.06 a
91.35±0.88 a
Larsen
61.50±6.79 a
25.01±1.97 a
19.67±1.73 a
106.19±8.76 a
Yamazaki
45.34±1.03 b
24.38±1.57 a
20.08±1.51 a
89.79±3.48 a
CV (%)
10.39
7.75
8.14
8.15
Values within a column followed by the same letters are not significant different (P<0.05) by DMRT
:
[?HWIW?N[\BHDEF WU_NS05 A`C@f?JsWPaN]C?RRZ_?`RjกbW (2.6 กcdWกHjO/bW) DR?]bW (2.6 WcBH/bW) VWI@X?O`R?
JRYZE (5.01 JtRBcJOBH) [\FKP[a U] VWIVBกBf?Fg?กV@RB?W\GKPaGW\ก]CXN[?HWIW?N[\BHEYaRENf?FOPRjN[_?@jrK?F[ucBc [fXR
DEFVDvFKPaWIW?NRZ_?M]COP@?f JsWPaN 12.1 EFL?eHcกtn VBfMOfVBกBf?FENf?FOPRjN[_?@jrJOYaEJGHPNeJKPNeกjeV@RB?W\GKPaGW\ก]CXN
[\BH Larsen thaFA`C@f?JsWPaN 13.1 EFL?eHcกtn RZ?_ B?WARRZ_?@jZRDEFV@RB?W\GGHIกEe]CXNt\d@H[ กW\d@[ VWIpHU@dB[ d]NOP
@X?OJDCODCRHXOJsWPaN 95 กHjO/WcBH t\d@H[JGoREF@nGHIกEeJsWPaNHCENWI 53 HEFWFO?@YEกW\d@[ (HCENWI 26) VWIpHU@dB[
(HCENWI 21) B?OW_?]je d]NJDCODCRt\d@H[DEFV@RB?W\GKPaGW\ก]CXN[?HWIW?N Larsen VBกBf?Fg?กGW\ก]CXN[\BHEYaRENf?FOP
RjN[_?@jr bWก?HLhกk?V[]FA`CJ`vRXf?[?HWIW?N[\BH WU_NS05 VWI Larsen OP@X?OJ`O?I[O[_?`Hjeก?HGW\กV@RB?W\G
AR>?@ABC]?C RDR?]VWI@X?O`X?RB?OW_?]je
:;
bWF?RXcgNj RPZM]CHjeKUR[Rje[RURg?กO`?XcKN?WjNXWjNWjกkin
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