CONTENT

Introduction

Principles of Green chemistry

Story to Understand Green chemistry

Green Components

Green chemistry applied to “NIRMA
UNIVERSITY”

IC going green
:-
Green Chemistry Is About...
Waste
Materials
Hazard
Risk
Energy
Cost
Why do we need Green Chemistry
?

Chemistry is undeniably a very prominent part of our
daily lives.

Chemical developments also bring new environmental
problems and harmful unexpected side effects, which
result in the need for ‘greener’ chemical products.

A famous example is the pesticide DDT.
Question 1: Richard Spilled some sticky
juice onto the kitchen floor and now he is
cleaning the floor. So Richard is not
aware of or not following which principle
of green chemistry?
Prevent
Waste
Question 2: The production of an alcohol is
readily accomplished by reduction of an
ester with lithium aluminium hydride, but
the reaction necessarily produces a
voluminous floc of aluminium salts, which
have to be separated from the product
alcohol and disposed of. The cost of such
hazardous material disposal can be
considerable. Which principle of green
chemistry is needed in this chemical process
to prevent generation of waste?
Atom
Economy
Question 3: The production of paints in a very
famous company Nerolac Paints is done by “LowVOC” paints, stains, or sealants that are
formulated to reduce their total content of
certain chemicals that have been recognized as
carcinogenic or causing cognitive development
issues. Which Principle of green chemistry is being
used by the company in their production??
Less Hazardous
Chemical Synthesis
Question 4: American Chemical Society(ACS)
has published a book that is a new approach to
address the adverse effects to human health
and the environment of chemicals developed
and used by an ever advancing industrialized
society. The book provides excellent examples
of the design and redesign of chemicals for
practical commercial use. This shows that ACS
supports the green chemistry’s principle
of_______________.
Designing Safer Chemicals
Question 5.Meenakshi chemicals pvt ltd.
are using solvents like CH2CL2 , CCL4 etc.
AS their manufacturing solvents.
Which principle of green chemistry is
violated by Meenakshi chemicals?
Safer solvents and
Chemical products
Chemical solvents like super critical CO2 having
low viscosity and low surface tension,
supercritical water (374.C 218 atm) can be used
instead of CH2CL2 ,CCL4
Question 6.Nature produces about 170
billion tons of plant biomass annually, of
which we currently use about 3.5 % for
human needs. It is estimated that about 40
billion tons of biomass, or about 25 % of the
annual production, would be required to
completely generate a bio-based economy.
Which Principle of green chemistry is
needed to utilize the biomass energy?
Use of Renewable feed
stocks
Question 7.A company is firstly producing Penicillin G (R=H)
is first protected as its silyl ester [R = Si(Me)3] then reacted
with phosphorusA pentachloride at -40oC to form the
chlorimidate1 subsequent hydrolysis gives the desired 6-APA
from which semi-synthetic penicillins are manufactured.
And now
This synthesis has bee largely replaced by a newer enzymatic
process using pen-acylase. This synthesis occurs in water at
just above room temperature. The new synthesis has many
advantages from a green perspective one of which is that the
silyl protecting group is not required.
Which principle of green chemistry is applied?
Reduced Derivatives
Question 8.In a research laboratory
homogenization mills was used to
homogenize particles but now they are
using ultrasonic homogenization which
principle of green chemistry they are
aware of?
Design for energy efficiency
The ultrasonic method of homogenization
of particles is highly energy efficient rather
than homogenizing mills
Question 9.Foreign Companies
Uses catalyst such as palladium-oncharcoal for the reduction of a ketone
to the corresponding secondary
alcohol using sodium borohydride or
molecular hydrogen as the
reductant. Which principle of green
chemistry is applied by the companies?
Use of catalysts
Question 10.Before many years an incident
in bernoley had took a place in which a
dangerous gas had leaked due to which many
people who were working their had died and
many others around were affected due to this
gas and the reaction is measured till today
due to that gas. This was lack of which
principle of green chemistry??
Essentially Safer
Chemicals for Accident
Prevention
Question 11.American Chemical
Society has developed such kind of
polymers that are degradable and
reused also. This shows that ACS is
aware about
____________________________
principle of green chemistry.
Design for degradation
Question 12:Bosco chemicals pvt. Ltd.
Installed an equipment to measure the
amount of harmful gases being
released in the atmosphere by the
company. This shows that
______________________ principal of
green chemistry is followed by the
company.
Real time analysis for pollution
prevention
Hansi, is one of the developing cities in India. A suburban
area Rajgadh is in the outskirts of the city. This area has 20
to 30 houses with not much of a development.
This area has been surrounded by few upcoming industries,
which serves the city of Hansi. The representative Prakash
noticed the increase of unhealthy people in the locality.
So he organized a meeting and the decision was made
consult the central board of pollution control in Hansi.
Prakash himself went to Hansi and met few government
officials and discussed the problems faced by the people in
Rajgadh. The board sent a team to survey the area.
The report which was presented by the team in the next
meeting which follows:
The Report focusses on the reactions
which are being used in the industries.
The alternative reactions are suggested
and send to the industry owners.
Central Board made it mandatory for
the Industries to follow those reactions
only.
Preparation of Acetanilide
CONVENTIONAL METHOD
NH2 + (CH3CO)2O
PYRIDINE
CH2CL
NHCOCH3
Non-green Components:
1.Use of chlorinated solvent like phosgene.
2. Pyridine is also not eco-friendly.
3. Acetic anhydride leaves one molecule of acetic acid
unused.
ALTERNATE GREEN METHOD
NH2 + CH3COOH
ZINC DUST
BOIL
NHCOCH3
Nitration Of Phenols
CONVENTIONAL METHOD
OH
NANO3
H2SO4
NO2
OH
OH
NO2
Non-green Components:
1.Involves use of Conc. Sulfuric acid.
ALTERNATE GREEN METHOD
OH
Ca(NO3)
2 ACID
ACETIC
NO2
OH
Bromination of acetanilide
CONVENTIONAL METHOD
NHCOCH3
Br2
Br
GLACIAL ACETIC ACID
NHCOCH3
Non-green Components:
1.Liquid molecular bromine is used.
ALTERNATE GREEN METHOD
NHCOCH3
CAN KBr
H2O
EtOH
Br
NHCOCH3
The Central Pollution Control board
sent an expert to discuss the
solutions . The expert comes to the
area and organizes a meeting with
the entire locality.
WASTE MANAGEMENT

A continuous process and apparatus converts
waste biomass into industrial chemicals, animal
feeds and fuels.

Another process converts waste biomass such as
municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, plastics,
tires, etc. into useful products including
hydrogen, ethanol and acetic acid.
GREEN PAINTs

In general, paints consists of VOCs having bad smell and are
harmful to the environment.

While paints with reduced levels of VOCs are more eco-friendly
than conventional paints, some house paints have an even lower
environmental impact. Homeowners can select premium-grade
zero-VOC paints that also use VOC-free colorants, are free of vinyl
and other plasticizers and include no toxic biocides.

Independent organizations such as Green Seal, Green guard and
Eco label test paints to ensure that they have met the highest
standards of eco-friendly performance. You can recognize these
paints by the environmental certification seal on their label.
GREEN PLASTICS

Some plastic products can now be made from plant sugars from
renewable crops like corn, beets, etc.

Green Plastics are the focus of an emerging industry focused on
making convenient living consistent with environmental stability.
One reason to make a shift toward the use of green plastics is the
availability of raw materials. Green plastics can be made using
polymers that come from agricultural and marine feed stocks.

These are abundant natural resources that are constantly being
replenished. This, in turn could revitalize rural economy, both
agricultural and marine, by providing additional demand for
currently underutilized land or low-valued biomass commodities.
GREEN CARPETS TILES

Conventional carpet tiles backing consists of Bitumen,
PVC or polyurethane which are toxic in nature.

The Eco Worx is the industry’s first fully sustainable,
non-PVC, low-VOC carpet tile backing which is safe for
human health as well as environment.

It also has greater tensile strength, tear strength and
delamination strength.
BIO-PESTICIDES

Bio-pesticides are the alternative for
conventional pesticides that are harmful
for land as well as the crops.

Bio-pesticides may include natural plantderived products, which include alkaloids,
terpenoids, phenolics and other
secondary chemicals. Certain vegetable
oils such as canola oil are known to have
pesticidal properties.
REVERSE OSMOSIS
TECHNOLOGY

Dow developed Reverse Osmosis Technologies
known as Filmtech that provides safe drinking
water through desalination in the coastal
areas.

Relied upon by hospitals and pharmaceutical
companies for the most critical, life-essential
pure water needs.

Depended upon by the largest seawater
desalination facility in the Southern
Hemisphere, providing water for more than
200,000 residents in Perth, Australia.
NIRMA
UNIVERSITY
1. FEASIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTING GREEN BUILDING
TECHNOLOGIES IN COLLEGE
The possibility of implementing green architecture
technologies in the campus is limited due to various
factors: the major one being space constraint due to which
neither a new building can be constructed nor any new
technology can be implemented on a large scale. However
there have been constant improvements by the college
management to improvise the existing infrastructure in
such a manner that they resemble a self-sustaining habitat.
Further the buildings in the university campus have been
designed in such a way that most of the green building
technology concepts have been followed.
Hence, it can be said that many green building concepts
already exist in the campus due to innovative building
design and modern construction practices being used.
However, there is still a lot to be done to conserve the
environment and make the university buildings truly green
buildings.
2. LIST OF TECHNOLOGIES TO BE
IMPLEMENTED IN COLLEGE
2.1. To be implemented by management
A host of green building technologies could
be implemented by the college management
to improvise the existing conditions. Some
of these technologies are:
Installation of water collection systems
and double-flush toilets Implement
Radiant Heating System Using Aerated
Faucets Making the whole university a
Solar Campus Using Green Building
Materials for Renovation Purposes
Installation of Energy Efficient Lighting and
Machines
IC going Green
As such there have not been much development in ic
industries regarding green approach towards the
product they produce but continuous efforts are being
made to improve the techniques in order to eliminate
environment affecting factors at the source.
-NXP Semiconductor N.V announced a new generation of
“green chip” power solutions that feature the lowest standby
capabilities in the industry, reaching levels below 10mW.
-Lancaster university, after a survey, have concluded that
many thousands of tonnes of CO2 emissions could be saved
each year if the water industry were to switch to using autocalibrating analyzers and remote monitoring of analytical
instrumentation. To supports the cause, the company pi
have developed a cratos instrument controller and analyzer.
So, ic’ans have a lot of work to do in this field to think out of box and
to come up with solutions to improve the present condition.
Automation is a key factor to improve the situations in many other
industries in order to achieve our green goal.
Green chemistry is
creating A sustainable lifestyle.
Prepared By:
Charmi Savani-13BIC049
Manan Shah-13BIC050
Shripal Shah-13BIC051
Yash Shah-13BIC052
Saloni Sharma-13BIC053
Shubham Sharma-13BIC054