IAEA
Radiation Detection & Response
Approach & Strategy
Section for Material Outside of Regulatory Controls
Nuclear Security Division
Department of Nuclear Safety and Security
IAEA
International Atomic Energy Agency
Key Issues
• The Member States need to define Strategy for Detection
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and Response at Borders
Detection and response at borders involved different
stakeholders in the country
Specific program need to be designed to address the roles
and responsibility at national level
Member States play a vital roles toward designing a
sustainable and effective border monitoring program
Detection and response at borders need to be integrated to
existing national framework
IAEA assistants and cooperation available to support the
overall implementation phases
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Steps Required for Building Detection and
Response at Border
National
Capacity
Building
Program
Detection
National Detection Strategy
National Response Plan
Response
Recovery and return of material under Regulatory Control
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Establishing an Effective National Capability for
Detection at Borders
Policy
Makers
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Legal and Regulatory
Framework
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Identification of
Coordinating Body
and Competent
Authorities
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Assignment of Front
Line Officer (FLO)
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Assignment of
Technical Support
Agency (MEST)
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Funding
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Capacity Building
program (eg. NSSC)
Military
Forces
Judiciary
Customs
First
Responder
Responsibilities
Coordinating
Body or
Mechanism
Civil
Defence
Intelligence
Services
Legislative
Authorities
Regulator
Border
Guards
Police
Comprehensive Actions Involving
various stakeholders
IAEA
Assigning Roles and Responsibilities
Front Line Officer (FLO)
• Verification of alarm
• Categorization of
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material
Secure site
Inform authorities
Call upon expert
support (MEST)
Expert Support (MESTmobile expert support
team)
• Confirmation of alarm
• Radiological
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assessment
Locate the source
Categorization and
identification of the
material
(Assist in) crime scene
management
Provide Information
and Advice
Responsible Authority
• Coordination with other
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IAEA
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authorities involved
Provide additional
resources
Information of the
public
Information of the IAEA
(ITDB)
Initiate emergency
response procedures
Call upon nuclear
forensics laboratories
Roles for Detection and Respose at Borders
 Front Line Officer (FLO)
• Police, Customs, Border guards
 Expert Support
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Local radiation protection/measurement experts
Central measurement service
Waste storage/ Transport Experts
Forensics experts
 Responsible Authority
• Other Relevant Ministry (return the shipment to country
of origin, Media interaction, reporting to ITDB etc.)
IAEA
IAEA Approach for Developing National and Regional
Capability
Capacity Building
Program
Training
- Front Line Officer
- Mobile Expert Support
Implementation Measures
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Workshop/Awareness
- Competent Authorities
- Border Authorities
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IAEA
National & Regional
Train the Trainer Program
Front Line Officer Training
Technical Visit
Maintenance Training
Advanced equipment training for
expert support
Radiological Crime Scene
Management
National Stakeholders
Engagement
National Workshop for the
Development CONOPS & SOPs
Regional Workshop on Effective
Border Control Coordination
Expected Outcome
• Trained FLO/MEST
• National/ Regional
Experts
• Regional
coordination and
effective border
controls
• Indigenous
Maintenance
Capability
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Strategic Approach: Detection & Response at
Borders
Formal
Request
from MS
INSServ
Mission
(Modular)
• Assessment of
National legislation
and National
Detection Strategy
• Defining roles and
responsibilities
• Approval to
Project Definition,
SOW
• Design
Documentation
• Site and
equipment
selection
• Stakeholders
engagement
• Site and
equipment
assessment
Site
Survey
Project
Definition
/Statemen
t of Work
(SOW)
• National
Coordination
• Project Proposal,
National Concept of
Operations,
Equipment, Time
Frame, Site
approval, project
scope & delivery
• Training program
Assessing land border monitoring
capabilities in FYROM
IAEA
MS
review
comment
s and
approval
Handing over draft INSServ
report in Burkina Faso
Physical
Project
Implement
ation
• Civil Work
• Export
Permit/Approval
• Customs
Approval
• SOPs
development
• Training
program
Implemen
tation of
Relevant
Program
INSSP
Review
• Capacity
Building
program
• SOP/CONOPS
development/en
hancement
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Project implementation - Timeline
• Project work plan should cover several years of implementation
(minimum 1-3 years)
• Project Definition/Agreement
• RPM & Handheld equipment Procurement
• Update/integrate of existing national Security/Response Plan
• Sustainability (Training program, Resources, maintenance
plan)
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Essentials National Roles
• Allocation of resources (financial, human, equipment)
• Number of Border crossing points to be covered
• Setting priorities (phased-in approach)
• Types and number of equipment needed
• Based on national Threat assessment
• Inbound/outbound monitoring
• Monitoring at choke points versus random search in
the country
• Known technical problems and limitations
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National Effective Detection & Response Program
National
Strategy
National
Legal
Framework
Maintenance
Plan
Effective &
Sustainable
National
Capability
Capacity
Building
Program
Concept of
Operations
Standard
Operating
Procedures
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Conclusions
• States need to develop strategies for detection and response at
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borders
Detection and response strategies at borders is a long-term
continuous effort involving various stakeholders
Relevant competent authorities should be properly assigned and
involved in detection and response activity at border
Enhanced coordination and cooperation is vital not just within a
State but also among States to ensure effectiveness
IAEA may provides support, upon request, for implementing
measures
Regional approach is vital for sharing of best practices,
establishment of pool of experts, data analysis and information
exchange
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