Intelligent agents, ontologies, simulation and
environments for norm-regulated MAS
Deliberative Normative Agents
Ricardo Gralhoz
Governance in Open Multi-Agent Systems
Agenda
• Motivation
• Goals
• Reference (main)
• Deliberative Normative Agents:
Principles and Architecture
• Conclusion
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Motivation
• Learning about Intelligent and Adaptive Agents
for thesis
• Contribute on Intelligent Agents for normregulated MAS research area
• Contribute on and relation with the others areas
on Governance in Open Multi-Agent Systems
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Goals
• Look at the problem of regulating multi-agent systems
focusing on a normative approach with Deliberative
Agent.
• Study, Analyze and Present a central paper and associate
with another areas.
• Present questions and possible focus area for research.
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Reference (main)
• C Castelfranchi, F Dignum, CM Jonker, J Treur. Deliberative
Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture - ATAL,
1999
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Deliberative Normative Agents
• Principles for Agents
–
Not only following norms, but also
the possibility of ‘intelligent’ norm
violation
• Architecture -
Refinement of the Generic Agent Model
[AAIJ00GAM]
Norms can be communicated
N
Norms can be adopted
Norms can be used
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles
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and Architecture
Deliberative Normative Agents
• Introduction
– If protocols are fixed, AGENTS can NOT react to an
unpredictable changing environment.
– If norms are hard-wired into the agent’s protocols AGENTS
can NOT decide to violate.
Solution: deliberative (autonomous ) normative agent.
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles
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and Architecture
Deliberative Normative Agents
• Def.:
Agents that have knowledge about norms
and can choose to obey the norms or not.
Norms influence the behavior of the agent?
Yes, combined with Goals and Plans.
B, D,
I ...
Agent should be a cognitive agent.
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles
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and Architecture
Architecture – Principles (I)
• Why?
– Facilitate for applying the norms and subsequent
combination of the result with the goals and plans, to
determinate the behavior of the agent.
• How?
– Norm-autonomous agent;
Able to
1) know that a norm exists in the society
2) adopt this norm
3) deliberatively follow
N
4) deliberatively violate
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles
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and Architecture
Architecture – Principles (II)
• Adopt a Norm: deciding to generate goals and
plans based on belief that exists that norm
(does not necessarily imply to follow it).
• Norms are mental objects -mental
representations entering the mental processing
B, D, I
N
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles
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and Architecture
Architecture
Top level within the agent
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles
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and Architecture
Architecture
Top level within the agent
• External Information received by communication or by
observation (perception).
• If it is valuable, it is stored – Object Level.
• In Information processing, the process events involved
are represented at a meta-level.
• Outgoing Information is generated : communication,
initiated actions and observations.
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles
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and Architecture
Architecture
• Ex:
belief
N
has_society_type(society1, heterogeneous)
has_norm(society1, you_ought_to_drive_on_the_right)
normative
belief
belief(has_norm(society1, you_ought_to_drive_on_the_right), pos)
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles
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and Architecture
Architecture
Top level within Own Process Control
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles
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and Architecture
Norms and Behaviour
About Norms:
G
B
N
P
N
• represented by mental objects entering the
interact with Beliefs, Goals and Plans.
• when adopted, impact behaviour
mental processing, that
governing .
How?
– goal generation;
– goal selection (by criteria about managing and selecting existing goals);
– plan generation;
– plan selection (by criteria about managing and selecting existing plans);
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Conclusion (I)
Discussion
• Not much theory available to incorporate norms into the
behaviour
• Reputation (incoming communication)
• Different kinds of normative social control
• Different kinds of normative ‘personalities’ in agents
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Conclusion (II)
Questions
• How to assign the preferences or weights on the behaviour
governing?
• How to change the preferences?
• How to check whether a behaviour is or is not conform
the norm?
• Other questions..
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Conclusion (III)
• Complete Reference
– C Castelfranchi, F Dignum, CM Jonker, J Treur. Deliberative
Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture - ATAL,
1999
– Brazier, F.M.T., Jonker, C.M., and Treur, J. (1999). Compositional Design and
Reuse of a Generic Agent Model. In; B. Gaines, M. Musen (eds.). Proceedings
of the Knowledge [AAIJ00GAM]
– ...
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