1.
The diagram shows the female and male reproductive systems.
uterus
oviduct
sperm duct
ovary
penis
testis
vagina
scrotum
female
(a)
male
Bob and Mary want to have children.
However, they have not been able to have any yet.
They go to see their doctor for fertility advice.
The doctor says that perhaps Mary’s eggs are not being fertilised.
What does fertilisation mean?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
(b)
The doctor says that perhaps Bob is not producing enough healthy sperm cells.
Which part of his reproductive system may not be producing enough healthy
sperm cells?
Choose your answer from the diagram.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
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(c)
Mary is given a hormone to make her produce more eggs.
Which part of her reproductive system will the hormone affect so she can
produce more eggs?
Choose your answer from the diagram.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
2.
This question is about the blood system.
(a)
Paul is investigating his pulse rate.
He waits until he has been sitting still for 10 minutes.
He then counts the pulse in his wrist.
He counts 17 pulses in 15 seconds.
What is his pulse rate per minute?
............................................... per minute
[1]
(b)
Paul then exercises for two minutes by running around the school field.
He then sits down again and measures his pulse rate every minute.
After another five minutes his pulse rate returns to normal.
How would you expect Paul’s pulse rate to change when he exercises and then
sits down?
Show your answer by completing the line on the graph.
[2]
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(c)
Your pulse is caused by your heart beating.
Sometimes the heart does not work properly and has to be treated.
Draw a straight line to match each heart condition with its correct treatment.
Draw two lines only.
heart condition
treatment
artificial replacement
blocked coronary artery
bypass surgery
damaged valves
pacemaker
[2]
[Total 5 marks]
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3.
(a)
Look at the diagram of the breathing system.
X
What is the name of part X?
Put a
ring
around the correct answer.
air sac
bronchiole
bronchus
trachea
[1]
(b)
The breathing system is sometimes called the respiratory system.
However, breathing and respiration are not the same thing.
(i)
What does breathing mean?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
What does respiration mean?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
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(c)
The breathing system is also involved in excretion.
Write down one substance that is excreted by the breathing system.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
4.
This question is about skeletons.
(a)
Look at the list.
cartilage
external
internal
ligaments
tendons
Finish the following sentences by choosing the best words from the list.
Human skeletons are made of bone and ……………………………… .
At joints, bones are held together by ……………………………… .
The type of skeleton humans have is called an ………………………………
skeleton.
[3]
(b)
Blood cells are made in bone marrow.
Look at the diagram of some blood cells.
Y
X
(i)
What type of cell is cell X?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
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(ii)
What type of cell is cell Y?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
Lynne is ill.
She needs a bone marrow transplant from a donor.
Write down two things that would make someone a suitable donor.
1 .....................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 7 marks]
5.
(a)
Label the diagram which shows the structure of a long bone.
Use words from this list.
cartilage
bone marrow
shaft
[3]
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(b)
How could you tell, by looking at an X-ray of a bone, whether a person was still
growing?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
6.
Read the following article about asthma.
Is asthma becoming more common?
Asthma affects all age groups but appears to be more common in
children.
It has been estimated that 1 in 7 children in the UK have asthma
and about 1 in 30 adults.
No one really knows why some people get asthma but different
things can trigger an attack in different people.
Common causes of asthma attacks are dust mites, pollen, cat and
dog hairs and even certain foods such as peanuts.
(a)
There are about 14 million children and 45 million adults in the UK.
Use the information in the article to work out how many people have asthma in
the UK.
answer = ……………………………
[2]
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(b)
Describe one treatment of asthma.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 3 marks]
7.
When Sharon exercises, many changes happen in her body.
(a)
The exercise releases extra heat energy.
Sharon’s sweat glands help to control her body temperature.
Write about how the sweat glands help to control the temperature of the body.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
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(b)
When exercising, Sharon can lose a lot of salt from her body in sweat.
The level of salt is regulated by the kidney.
The diagram shows a kidney tubule.
C
A
B
Which region of the kidney tubule, A, B or C, is responsible for regulating salt
levels in the body?
..............................
[1]
(c)
To supply Sharon’s muscles with enough oxygen, her heart rate is increased.
(i)
Write down the name of the area of the heart that controls the heart beat.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Write down the name of one hormone that can alter the heart rate.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 5 marks]
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8.
Many couples may need treatment for infertility.
(a)
The boxes show some causes of infertility and some possible treatments.
Draw straight lines to link each cause with the most suitable treatment.
cause
treatment
blocked oviducts
surrogacy
ovulation is irregular
use of FSH
uterus cannot support a baby
in vitro fertilisation (IVF)
[2]
(b)
A couple may wish to use surrogacy as an infertility treatment.
Write about two of the issues they need to consider.
1 .....................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 4 marks]
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9.
Scientists have been studying the body of an Egyptian king who died 3000 years ago.
Statues of the king show that he had very long arms.
The scientists have taken X-rays of the king’s bones.
They did this to see if he was still growing when he died.
(a)
How can scientists tell if a person is still growing by looking at bone X-rays?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
(b)
The scientists think that the king has long bones because his pituitary gland was
making too much of a certain hormone.
Suggest which hormone this is.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
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(c)
Statues of the king’s relatives also show signs of extra long bones.
What does this suggest about the cause of this condition?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
10.
Some people carry a donor card.
This means that they wish their organs to be used for transplants if they die.
The graph shows the number of dead donors and the number of transplants carried out
from 1996 to 2005.
It also shows the number of people needing transplants.
8000
number
7000
6000
number of dead donors
number of transplants
number of people needing
transplants
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
year
(a)
The Government is keen to encourage more people to be donors.
Use the information in the graph to explain why.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
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(b)
The number of transplants carried out each year is greater than the number of
dead donors.
How can this be possible?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
Once a person has received a transplant it may not be successful.
Write down one common problem that may occur after a transplant is received.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
11.
The diagram shows the basic parts of the skin.
C
A
B
(a)
The table shows three possible sets of labels for the diagram.
Put a tick ( ) in the box next to the row which has the correct labels.
A
B
C
epidermis
sweat gland
dermis
dermis
sweat gland
epidermis
epidermis
hair follicle
dermis
[1]
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(b)
Write about how the sweat glands help to control the temperature of the body.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 3 marks]
12.
Rupert has injured himself playing football.
He goes to the hospital and has an X-ray taken of his arm.
(a)
There is no sign of any damage on the outside of his body but Rupert is in a lot of
pain.
The doctor tells Rupert that his radius bone is fine but he has broken another
bone in his arm.
(i)
What is the name of this other bone?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
What is the name given to this type of fracture?
Put a ring around the correct answer in this list.
compound
greenstick
simple
[1]
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(b)
The diagram shows one of Rupert’s elbow joints.
It was not damaged in the accident.
(i)
What type of joint is the elbow joint?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
The diagram shows two muscles.
How are these muscles attached to the bones?
Put a ring around the correct answer in this list.
cartilage
ligaments
tendons
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
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13.
This question is about the blood system.
(a)
Paul exercises for two minutes by running around the school field.
He then sits down and measures his pulse rate every minute.
After another five minutes his pulse rate returns to normal.
How would you expect Paul’s pulse rate to change when he exercises and then
sits down?
Show your answer by completing the line on the graph.
[2]
(b)
Your pulse is caused by your heart beating.
Sometimes the heart does not work properly and has to be treated.
Draw a straight line to match each heart condition with its correct treatment.
Draw two lines only.
heart condition
treatment
artificial replacement
blocked coronary artery
bypass surgery
damaged valves
pacemaker
[2]
Macmillan Academy
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(c)
Heart beats are controlled by the pacemaker cells in the heart.
Explain how the different types of pacemaker cells control heart beats.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[3]
[Total 7 marks]
14.
(a)
The diagram shows the female reproductive system.
(i)
Finish the diagram by adding the correct labels.
Choose your words from this list.
ovary
oviduct
uterus
vagina
[2]
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(ii)
Where are eggs produced?
Choose your answer from the list.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
Many couples may need treatment for infertility.
The boxes show some causes of infertility and some possible treatments.
Draw straight lines to link each cause with the most suitable treatment.
cause
treatment
blocked oviducts
surrogacy
ovulation is irregular
use of FSH
uterus cannot support a baby
in vitro fertilisation (IVF)
[2]
[Total 5 marks]
15.
As people live longer, parts of their bodies start to wear out or go wrong.
These parts can sometimes be replaced.
(a)
Describe two problems in finding a supply of donor organs.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
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(b)
Not all organ donations are successful.
Explain why.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 4 marks]
16.
Describe the following parts of the blood and explain how their structure makes them
suitable for their function.
(i)
red blood cells ................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii)
platelets ..........................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 4 marks]
17.
(a)
Urea is a waste product produced in our body. It is toxic and we have to remove
it.
(i)
Where in the body is urea produced?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
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(ii)
Explain how the kidneys remove urea from the body.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[3]
(b)
Write about how the hormone ADH controls the concentration of urine.
Include in your answer
•
the parts of the kidney affected by ADH
•
the changes caused by ADH
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[4]
[Total 8 marks]
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18.
(a)
Draw a straight line to join each animal to its correct type of blood circulatory
system.
Animal
Type of blood circulatory system
Ant
Closed
Amoeba
Open
Human
No circulatory
system
[2]
(b)
Name the blood vessel that supplies the heart with food and oxygen.
........................................................................................................................
[2]
(c)
The rate of the heart beat can be detected at the wrist. Explain how.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 6 marks]
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19.
The kidney is an organ of the body that removes waste.
(a)
Name two other organs of the body that remove waste.
1 .....................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................
[2]
(b)
Explain how the kidneys remove urea from the body.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[3]
(c)
Name two other substances excreted by the kidneys.
1 .....................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 7 marks]
20.
Some people carry a donor card.
(a)
(i)
Why do people carry donor cards?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Write down two body parts that can be biologically replaced.
.................................................. and ....................................................
[1]
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(b)
The graph shows the number of dead donors and the number of transplants
carried out from 1996 to 2005.
It also shows the number of people needing transplants.
8000
number
7000
6000
number of dead donors
number of transplants
number of people needing
transplants
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
year
(i)
The Government is keen to encourage more people to be donors.
Use the information in the graph to explain why.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[2]
(ii)
The number of transplants carried out each year is greater than the number
of dead donors.
How can this be possible?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 5 marks]
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21.
As people live longer, parts of their bodies start to wear out or go wrong. These parts
can sometimes be replaced.
(a)
Name one body part that can be replaced
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
Describe two problems in finding a supply of donor organs.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 3 marks]
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22.
This question is about skeletons and bones.
(a)
Skeletons contain joints.
Look at the diagram of the elbow joint.
triceps
biceps
The biceps and triceps muscles work together to move the arm.
How do they work together to straighten the arm?
Put a tick ( ) in the correct box.
biceps
triceps
contracts
contracts
contracts
relaxes
relaxes
contracts
relaxes
relaxes
[1]
(b)
Look at the diagram of a hip joint.
synovial fluid
thigh bone
X
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(i)
Substance X covers the end of the thigh bone.
Write down the name of substance X.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
The joint contains synovial fluid.
If a joint does not contain enough synovial fluid it will not move properly.
Explain why.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
Lynne is ill.
She needs a bone marrow transplant from a donor.
Write down two things that would make someone a suitable donor.
1 .....................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 5 marks]
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23.
Kate uses a spirometer to investigate her lung capacity.
She breathes normally for 30 seconds.
She then breathes in and out as deeply as she can.
The graph shows her results.
(a)
What is Kate’s vital capacity? ................................................. litres
[1]
(b)
Kate’s residual air volume is 1.0 litre.
What is residual air?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[1]
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(c)
When Kate breathes in and out the volume and pressure inside her lungs
change.
How do they change when she starts to breathe in?
Put a tick ( ) in the correct box.
volume
pressure
increases
increases
increases
decreases
decreases
increases
decreases
decreases
[1]
(d)
If she wants to, Kate can control her breathing rate.
However, usually it is controlled automatically.
For example, if she exercises, her breathing rate automatically increases.
What causes this automatic increase?
Put a tick ( ) in the correct box.
increased CO2 concentration in the blood
increased CO2 concentration in the lungs
decreased O2 concentration in the blood
decreased O2 concentration in the lungs
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
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24.
This question is about the skeleton and blood system of different animals.
Look at these examples.
amoeba
worm
shark
human
Choose your answers from these examples.
(a)
Which animal does not have a blood system?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
Which animal has gills for the exchange of gases?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
Which two animals have an internal skeleton?
....................................................... and .........................................................
[1]
[Total 3 marks]
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25.
Look at the graphs.
They show changes in the levels of oestrogen and progesterone and the thickness of
the uterus lining during the menstrual cycle.
(a)
Why is it important that the uterus lining becomes thicker during the menstrual
cycle?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
How does oestrogen affect the thickness of the uterus lining?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
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(c)
At the end of the menstrual cycle, the level of progesterone decreases.
However, during pregnancy, the level of progesterone stays high.
Suggest why the level of progesterone needs to stay high.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 4 marks]
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