Practise Exam Unit 1 Biology : Name:
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25 mutliple Choice questions: 1 mark each =25 marks
Short answers questions: 50 marks
Multiple Choice Questions: Select the BEST response for each of the following.
1. Eukaryotic cells:
A.
B.
C.
D.
are only found in heterotrophic organisms.
contain circular DNA molecules.
have distinct membrane-bound organelles.
are always single cells.
2. Yeast is a unicellular fungus that has both plant and animal cell features. Yeast cells
contain a cell wall.
This characteristic is:
A. both an animal and plant characteristic.
B. an animal characteristic.
C. a plant characteristic.
D. a characteristic exclusive to yeasts as they are unique.
3. Ribosomes
A. are found only in animal cells.
B. are the site of polypeptide synthesis.
C. are the site where proteins are modified and packaged.
D. are the site of rapid ATP synthesis.
4. An enzyme-substrate complex may result from the interaction of molecules of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
glucose and lipase
fat and amylase
sucrose and maltase
protein and protease
5. The diagram below show a small cross section through the cell membrane of a cell.
Based on your understanding of cell structure and function it is true to say that:
= glucose
Outside of the cell
Inside of the cell
A. Structre A is compose of protein
B. Structure B is composed of lipid
C. All remaining glucose could be absorbed into the cell by the process of active uptake
D. Glucose must cross the membrane via structure A
The image below of a cell from a spider mite was constructed when tissue from the spider
mite was stained and then viewed microscopically.
z
Y
W
X
6. The cell shown in the diagram above:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Could have been viewed using a light microscope
Is at interphase of the cell cycle
Is about to enter metaphase of the mitosis
Contains exactly 4 chromatids
7. In relation to the cell illustrated in the diagram above, it is fair to state that
A. Structure X is a centriole
B. Structure Z is a spindle
C. Structure Y contracts to pull a single stranded chromosome towards the pole of the
cell
D. Structure W is found in animal cells and not in plant cells.
8. The active site of an enzyme:
A.
B.
C.
D.
is similar to that of any other enzyme.
is the part of the enzyme where its substrate can fit.
is altered by the reactions it catalyses.
is not affected by environmental factors like pH and temperature.
Experiments were carried out to show the effects of pH and temperature on enzyme
activity. The experiments also tested the effects of a chemical called an inhibitor. The
results are shown in the graphs.
9. The best conclusion that can be drawn from these results is that the inhibitor affects
A. pH.
B. temperature.
C. enzyme activity.
D. enzyme concentration.
A student ground 1 gram of fresh liver in a mortar, placed the ground liver in a test tube, and
added 1 ml of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen gas that was generated was collected. A
glowing splint burst into flames when placed in the gas. The student then repeated the
procedure, using one gram of boiled liver and one gram of liver treated with a strong acid.
When hydrogen peroxide was added to each sample of liver, no gas was generated.
10. If the substance in the liver that acted on the hydrogen peroxide was an enzyme, it
could:
A. be recovered from the living tissue that had not been boiled or treated with acid after
the reaction ceased
B. not be recovered because it was consumed while engaging in its catalytic reaction
activities
C. not be recovered because there is no enzyme in liver that catalyzes the breakdown
of hydrogen peroxide
D. not be recovered because grinding would break up the molecules
11. A lamprey is a fish that attaches to other fishes and sucks their blood and body fluids
for food. The lamprey would probably have:
A. a long digestive tube as blood is thick and hard to digest.
B. a short simple digestive tube as the components of blood are already in a soluble form.
C. no digestive tube as blood is already an internal fluid.
D. a complex digestive tube to separate out the various components of blood.
12. The skull most likely belonged to
A. a herbivore.
B. a carnivore.
C. an omnivore.
D. none of the above.
13. Which of the following processes requires the input of ATP?
A. the uptake of mineral ions by the roots of a plant.
B. the upward movement of water in the stem of a plant.
C. diffusion of gases across a respiratory surface.
D. the uptake of carbon dioxide through the surface of a leaf.
14. Land organisms are subject to water loss in their environments. The environment most
likely to cause an organism to lose water at the fastest rate would be:
A. cold, humid and windy.
B. hot, humid and windy.
C. hot, dry and windy.
D. hot, dry and no wind.
The diagram below shows the human heart with its vessels and chambers numbered.
15. The right atrium is represented by:
A. 2
B. 5
c. 7
D. 8
16. The correct sequence for the pathway of a drop of blood from its return to the heart from
the lower body to its exit from the heart to go back to the lower body would be:
A. 6-5-8-4-1-2-7-3
B. 1-2-7-3-6-5-8-4
c. 4-7-2-1-6-5-8-3
]). 1-2-7-4-6-5-8-3
17. Blood flows through capillaries of a mammal more slowly than in arteries. This is
because:
A. the pressure in arteries is high.
B. the total cross section of capillaries is greater than the cross section of arterioles
connected to them.
C. red. blood cells slow down the blood flow through capillaries as they have to squeeze
through them.
D. arteries have strong muscular walls that contract to speed up the flow
18. Many insects, such as the grasshopper depicted below, have an open circulation.
This circulatory system differs from that of a mammal in that:
A. there is no heart.
B. there is no liquid.
C. there are no blood vessels.
D. there are no capillaries
19. As food moves from the stomach into the small intestine in a human, the pH changes
from being acidic to being slightly alkaline. This change is important because:
A. digestive enzymes secreted into the small intestine act best in an alkaline environment.
B. protein digestion will not occur in an acid environment.
C. the acid contents of the stomach would digest the wall of the small intestine.
D. amino acids produced in the stomach would tend to make the pH even more acidic.
20. The lymphatic system:
A. contains fluid that flows away from the heart.
B. does not contain any valves.
C. collects up fluid that leaks out of the blood system.
D. contains both red and white blood cells.
21. Most oxygen is transport around the body:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Dissolved in the plasma in the blood
Attached to haemoglobin molecules
Attached to while blood cell
On platelets
22. The animal depicted below, a hydra, does not require a special transport system like
more complex Animals.
This is because:
A. a hydra is a very simple organism and its cells do not need the same substances as the
cells of more
complex animals.
B. all the cells of the hydra are able to obtain all their necessary substances by diffusion.
C. all the cells of the hydra are able to obtain all their necessary substances by osmosis.
D. the cells of the hydra do not live very long so they do not require a transport system.
23. The function of the structure depicted to the right is to:
Y
A. propel food along the gut.
B. reabsorb water from the kidney tubules.
C. absorb oxygen in the lungs.
D. absorb products of digestion in the small intestine.
24. In the diagram to the right
A. amino acids would be absorbed into vessel Y
B. glucose would be absorbed into vessel X
C. Starch would be absorbed into vessel Y
D. vessel X is a capillary
X
25. A biologist plotted the data from an experiment that she carried out. (see picture below)
In this experiment.
A. humidity is being controlled and metabolic rate is the independent variable.
B. external temperature is the variable and metabolic rate is controlled.
C. metabolic rate and environmental temperature are both experimental variables.
D. external temperature is the independent variable and humidity is being controlled.
Short Answer questions
Question 1
a) Look at the following cell diagrams. One is from a plant and one is from an animal.
Label cells as plant or animal underneath each. (2 marks)
b. Name two structures which animal and plant cells have in common.
_________________________________, _______________________________2 marks
c. Name two organelles found only cell ii.
_________________________________, _______________________________2 marks
d. (i) For one the these organelles state its function
_________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Give a brief reason why this organelle is not required by animal cells
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
(1 + 1=2 marks)
TOTAL 8 MARKS
Question 2
Some of the activities of a typical photosynthetic cell from a green plant are represented in
the figure below.
Two separate processes are illustrated.
a) Name the processes occurring in A and B.
i. A : ________________________________________
ii. B: ________________________________________ 2 marks
b. When would process B occur?
___________________________________________________________________1 mark
c. A biologist hypothesised that the oxygen produced in A could be used in B. At a certain
period over 24 hours it was noted that the level of oxygen rose, and over another period it
fell.
i.
What factor do you think varied during the 24 hour period which affected the
amount of oxygen?
______________________________________________________(1 mark)
ii.
Design a simple experiment to support your answer to part i.
3 marks
TOTAL 7 marks
Question 3
A group of biology students set up the following experiment. They took two flasks as shown
in the diagram below, filled them with water at 60°C, fitted them with a thermometer and
stopper and allowed them to cool down. They took the temperature of the flasks at regular
intervals over a period of 30 minutes.
a) State a possible hypothesis for this experiment.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
Temperature 0C
A graph showing the results obtained in this experiment is shown below:
b)
According to the graph above, which flask lost heat at a faster rate? (1 mark)
_____________________________________
c)
Interpret the results obtained. (2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
d)
Mammals living in Tasmania tend to be larger than their counterparts living on the
mainland of Australia. Suggest a possible explanation for this observation.
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
TOTAL 6 marks
Question 4
The Australian Boab tree, Adamsonia gregorii, indigenous to the Kimberley region of
Western Australia. During the dry season in this region it does not rain for extended periods
of time. These plants show excellent adaptations to the dry season in the region by losing
their leaves. (see pictured below)
a) Explain how the loss of leaves helps this plant to survive in the dry season?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
(3 marks)
b) Name the process that enables water to enter the roots of the boab tree from the soil.
_____________________(1 mark)
c) Define this process.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
Below is a transverse section through the root of a Boab tree.
e (i) Name the part of the root through which water moves. __________________________
(ii) Which letter (A, B or C) on the above diagram corresponds to the part named in (i)
above?
__________
(1+ 1 = 2 marks)
f (i) What term is given to the movement of water up through the stem and out through the
leaves? ___________________________________________
(ii) What is the source of energy for this movement?
____________________________________________ (1 + 1 = 2 marks)
Boab tree roots can be eaten when the plants are small and current research is
investigating their value as a commercial crop. The roots are a rich source of starch
and potassium ions.
g) Where in the above diagram of the root (A, B or C) is the main storage site for starch?
______________________________ (1 mark)
h) What is the function of starch for these plants?
_______________________________(1 mark)
When humans eat the Boab roots they consume the starch. Starch undergoes the process
of digestion in the mouth and human intestine.
i In which part of the human intestine does most chemical digestion of starch occur?
_______________________________(1 mark)
j) Why must starch undergo the process of digestion?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________(2 marks)
k) Name the final product of starch digestion.
_____________________________________(1 mark)
TOTAL 15 marks
Question 5
Lungs are an essential organ of respiration and excretion in many vertebrates. In
mammals, the lungs consist of two organs that terminate in tiny sacs known as
alveoli. During inhalation, the lungs fill with air. Most of this air is then expelled during
exhalation.
a. Why can the lungs be regarded as an organ of excretion?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________(1 mark)
b. i. What is the function of an alveolus?
__________________________________________________________________(1 mark)
ii)
State two features of an alveolus that assist it to carry out this function.
Feature 1 --------------------------------------------------------Feature 2 --------------------------------------------------------(2 marks)
Birds have evolved a very efficient respiratory system involving the use of specialised
organs called air sacs. These allow them to exchange a greater amount of gas per
gram of bod weight compared to mammals.
c. Explain why flight would require birds to have a faster rate of gas exchange.
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________3 marks
d. Examine the diagrams showing the gas exchange systems of mammals and birds. Give
two reasons why a bird is more efficient at exchanging gases when compared to a mammal.
Reason1 -----------------------------------------------------------Reason 2 -----------------------------------------------------------(2 marks)
Total = 9 marks
Question 6
In mammalian blood, carbon dioxide (CO2) is transported largely in the form of the
bicarbonate ion (HCO3–).
CO2 produced in cells moves into capillaries and then into red blood cells where it is
converted to bicarbonate ions by the action of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. The
bicarbonate ions produced in the red blood cells move back into the plasma. These events
are summarised in the following diagram.
Bicarbonate ion
a. (i) Name a cellular process occurring in mammalian tissues that produces carbon
dioxide.
______________________________________1 mark
(ii) Give a balanced chemical equation for this process
1 mark
Transport of carbon dioxide from body cells to red blood cells is passive.
b. Explain what is meant by the term passive transport.
__________________________________________________________________1 mark
c. Explain how this conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ions in red blood cells
assists the removal of carbon dioxide from body cells.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2 marks
TOTAL 5 Marks