Grade IX Biology Work sheet . Topic Plant tissues.
Level 1.
1.
Where are companion cells located in plants?
2.
Draw and identify different components of Phloem.
3.
What is parenchyma? Write about its functions.
4.
Mention different types of Meristematic tissues present in plants.
Level 2
1.
When observed under a microscope small pores are seen in the epidermis of the leaf. What are the pores called?
Mention their functions.
2.
What are the constituents of xylem? What would happen if the xylem of the root of a plant is blocked?
3.
What type of tissue is found at the shoot apex? Name one more part of the plant body where this type of tissue is
found?
4.
Draw a labeled diagram of collenchyma tissue as seen in transverse section.
5.
Name the tissue found in the husk of coconut.
6.
Name the chemical substance that makes the cork cell impervious to gases and water.
Level 3
1.
Dead cells with lignified cell wall and without nucleus are the description of a simple permanent tissue. Name it.
a)
What are the characteristics of the cells of Cork? How are they formed? Mention their characteristics.
2.
Draw a neat diagram of leaf epidermal peal showing stomata. Label.
3.
Differentiate between xylem vessels and trachieds.
4.
State the functions of Parenchyma.
5.
Define differentiation of plant tissues.
6.
What are the functions of epidermis in plants?
Identify the following diagrams and label. Write short notes about each diagram.
Grade IX Biology Summary of the Topic Plant tissues
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Higher plants have two types of tissues- Meristematic tissues and Permanent tissues.
Permanent tissues are formed by the differentiation of Meristematic tissue.
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In meristematic tissue cells have power of cell division. They are immature with dense cytoplasm and small nucleus.

Meristems are three types based on their position in the plant body- They are Apical meristem, Lateral meristem and
Intercalary meristem.
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Simple permanent tissues are Parenchyma, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma.

In collenchyma the thickening material is cellulose. In sclerenchyma, Tracheids and vessels of xylem the thickening
material is Lignin and in Cork thickening material is Suberin.
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Sclerenchyma cells are dead . They are two types: Fibres and Sclerids or stone cells.

Protective tissues are Epidermis and cork/bark of stem.

Parenchyma cells are otherwise known as Packing tissues. According to their function they are known as aerenchyma
and chlorenchyma. Etc.
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Complex permanent tissues
A group of tissues concerned with the conduction water and food. They are together called vascular bundles. They
are made up of Xylem and Phloem.
Xylem: Part of vascular bundles mainly concerned with the conduction of water and minerals or “ascent of Sap”
Xylem provide mechanical support also. Xylem is made up of four different types of cells.
a) Tracheids: Elongated cells with tapering ends. Walls are lignified with narrow lumen and dead.
b) Vessels : Long tubular cells placed end-to-end with lignified walls
c) Xylem parenchyma: These cells are living , thin walled and parenchymatous.
d) Xylem fibres: Elongated , pointed at both ends, lignified .
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Phloem: Complex tissues concerned with the translocation of food from leaf to different parts of the plant. Phloem
consists of
a) Sieve tubes: Elongated tube like cells placed end to end . Their transverse wall is dissolved or completely
perforated forming a tube.
b) Companion cells: Long, narrow living cells found attached with sieve tubes. They are connected with sieve tube
by pores.
c) Phloem Parenchyma: Parenchymatous cells found mingled with sieve tube
d) Phloem fibres: Schlerenchymatous dead cells, elongated, pointed and lignified. It is the only non-living in
phloem.