Hydrogen vehicles for hydrogen
infrastructure TODAY!
Birmingham March 2017
“Hydrogen Vehicles TODAY”
• Hydrogen dual fuel technology update
• Practical examples of use in fleets
• Utilising Infrastructure
• Lead times and conversion process
H2ICED® - A practical approach for reducing
C02 emissions in commercial vehicles
• Ultra- low emissions (C02 & Air Quality)
• Displace diesel with H2 (very low carbon fuel)
• Manage the bi-products of combustion in air
using emission control systems/approaches
available on existing vehicles
• Efficient energy use:
• H2 combustion in compression (diesel)
engines ( approx. 40% thermal efficiency)
• Dual Fuel allows for operating on diesel when
hydrogen is not available
Witnessed Vehicle Certification Agency test
results on EURO 5 TRANSIT
®
100%
discount
Customers can achieve 66% lower CO2 emissions
saves 2.9 tes for every 10,000 miles driven
Well to wheel saving up
to 62% depending on
the source of the H2
Merc Econic
DAF Road Sweeper
EURO 6 Vans
100,00’s of miles of CO2 saved
• Vehicles being used daily at all the H2
refuelling stations in the UK
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Nearly 30 vans on the road in the UK
2 Ford Rangers (4*4)
2 Refuse Truck HGVs completed & two on order
1 Arctic Truck in Canada & one on the way in
the UK (for Heathrow Airport)
• 2 Inland water way marine barges in
Continental Europe
• Plus – 11 more UK; China; Spain
Approach
Match to requirements (commercial operations)
Issue for use (commercial operations)
Diesel Euro 6/VI
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Meets air quality requirements !!!
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Easy access to refuelling infrastructure
Range that matches all duties
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Lowest capital cost; Known reliability &
maintenance regime; OEM supplied with good
range of choice
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Increased Opex cost from “Adblue”
Some operational inconvenience for refilling Adblue (particularly for large vans)
Some operational issues with DPF
Doesn’t improve on carbon emissions
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Well understood leasing options/value proposition
Reduces opex (lower fuel price)
Meets air quality requirements
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Needs Biogas (or carbon credits) to meet carbon reduction targets & the infrastructure
has to ensure methane is not emitted from the station
Limited OEM options to date & Limited public access infrastructure
Higher capital cost
Needs Biogas (or carbon credits) to meet carbon reduction targets & even then
methane slip risks increase in GHG
Increase in maintenance costs & Additional capital cost
No available system that meets Euro VI emissions & No OEM options
Limited public access infrastructure
Additional capital cost
No OEM option & some limitation on base vehicle options for conversion
Limited CO2e emissions benefits
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Additional capital cost
Not widely available (prototype or limited choice)
Significant impact on payload due to battery weight
Limited impact on CO2 emissions (depending on battery size)
Methane Gas
(100%)
(LNG/CNG)
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Methane Gas
(Dual Fuel)
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Reduces opex (lower fuel prices)
Range that matches all duties
Established conversion suppliers for EURO V
LPG (Dual Fuel)
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Meets air quality requirements
Range that matches all duties
Easy access to refuelling infrastructure
Established converters
Moderate saving on opex (fuel cost)
Meets air quality requirements
Possible opex savings (electricity cost versus fuel savings)
Range of duties possible
Battery 100%
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100% Hydrogen
(Fuel Cell & ICE)
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Hydrogen
combustion Dual
fuel
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Significantly exceeds air quality requirements
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Opex savings from electricity price and lower maintenance 
costs
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Would be zero emission for air quality
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Will significantly reduce CO2e reduction
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Significant reduction of CO2e
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Will exceed Euro VI emissions standard
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Optimum performance on Urban duty cycles & range
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flexibility
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Retrofit technology available & Minimal impact on payload
Battery Hybrid
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Not available yet
Very Limited range/duty cycles & Localised charging infrastructure needed
Charging time & Battery life concerns in heavy duty use
Significant impact on payload due to battery weight
Not available yet
Very expensive capital cost for FCEV (electric drive train & fuel cell)
High cost of H2 relative to diesel
Will be limited range (depending on the infrastructure)
No opex saving due to cost of H2 compared with diesel
Additional capital cost
Limited H2 public fuelling infrastructure (although growing)
No OEM solution
Utilisation of Infrastructure for Hydrogen
projects & growth in deployment
• Heavy use vehicles will use more H2
• More miles
• More mpg equivalent
• Reliable known technology with little maintenance requirement in
itself
• Back to base fleets can be planned and infrastructure requirements
optimised
• Diesel is available when hydrogen is not; allows for testing,
maintenance and overall down time
ULEMCo’s customer service for any large van
or HGV
• Determine options for amount of hydrogen on board
storage
• Assess duty cycle; identify key emission reduction requirement;
determine weight and space limitations
• Estimate on board hydrogen storage capacity
• Determine budget versus results requirement
• Design specific, safely engineered solution
• One off design for vehicle type
• One off engine calibration exercise
• Install “optimised for use” hydrogen system
• Full ECU controlled system or supervisory
approach
• Supply VSO registered vehicle for use
• Match OEM Warrantee & provide ongoing technical support
A business model that is global and has the
flexibility to create jobs in local markets
• Short Term:
• One off proto-type conversions; corporate
social responsibility demonstrations; H2
consultancy; maintenance and support
• Focussed on localised H2 infrastructure &
back to base fleets
• Public fund support
• Medium Term
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Supply of Kit to trained converters, globally
Other transport applications
Supply of H2 infrastructure
On going development & demonstration
• Long Term
• whole system ultra low emission mileage
“leasing”
In summary
• Hydrogen dual fuel:
• Deliver SIGNFICANT carbon dioxide emission
reduction
• Meets or exceed Air Quality emissions
• Proven technology
• Diesel is always available if H2 is not
• Ultra Low Emissions are feasible within
the next 5 years for all types of vehicle