Thursday
May 18, 2017
Agenda
(10) Catalyst
(20) GN: Plants and
Adaptations
(15) IP: Plants
(30) Trashketball
(5) Exit ticket
I can:
 distinguish between vascular
and nonvascular plants
Catalyst
Name that unicellular adaptation!
1. Long tail-like appendage used
ONLY for locomotion.
2. Small hairs used for
movement and to sweep up
food.
3. Blob-like projections used for
locomotion and to engulf
food.
4. Found in photosynthetic
organisms to detect light.
HW: Study for (last ever) unit test on Monday!
Unit 6 Packet due MONDAY BY 3:00!
Exit Ticket Review
Exit Ticket Review
Exit Ticket Review
Time to Review!
• Watch unicellular adaptation videos from
Tuesday
Plants are ALWAYS:
1.Multicellular/unicellular
2.Prokaryotic/eukaryotic
3.Autotrophic/heterotrophic
Means: many cells
Means: has nucleus
Means: does
photosynthesis to
get food
Plant cells have 2 organelles that animals don’t:
chloroplast and cell wall
There are 2 main types of plants: non-vascular
and vascular
Think
• What does it mean to say that plants are
autotrophs?
• What 2 organelles do plant cells have that
animals don’t?
• What are the 2 main types of plants?
Non-vascular Plants
The oldest (most primitive) kind of plants
• Do not have roots, stems, leaves or vascular tissue
(for transport)
• Also called bryophytes
• Example: moss,
hornwort, liverwort
• Cannot grow tall
Think
• What is the most primitive type of plant?
• What is an example of a non-vascular plant?
• Why do you think non-vascular plants can’t grow
tall?
Vascular Plants
Evolved more recently
• Have a transport system
(called vascular tissue)
• Examples: palm tree,
pine tree, grass
LOOK FAMILIAR?
Know these parts
of a plant.
flower
leaf
stem
roots
Basic Plant Anatomy
• Leaves: are green so
they absorb sunlight to
do photosynthesis!
They contain the
pigment chlorophyll
• Roots: go into the
ground to absorb water
and nutrients
• Stem: goes from the
roots to the leaves, so is
used to transport
materials and for
support
There are 2 types of vascular tissue: xylem &
phloem
• Xylem: used to transport water
• Phloem: used to transport nutrients (think
phloem and food)
THINK: In which
direction does xylem
transport water?
In which direction does
phloem transport
nutrients?
Adaptations
REMEMBER: An adaptation is a trait that helps an
organism survive and reproduce
• Plants have adaptations to match their environment
• Example: If you didn’t have much sunlight, you would
want big leaves
A plant needs to transport a lot of
water
It would need
because the
a big xylem
xylem transports
water
A plant lives in a dry desert
environment
It would need fewer leaves
because leaves cause it to
water
lose
Plant Reproduction and
Classification
Plant Reproduction
Plants reproduce in 2 ways:
1. Spores: Small, tough particles that do not contain
much food for the new plant
• Reproduction by spores is more simple and does not
use as much energy.
• (This makes sense because plants that use them are
more primitive)
2. Seeds: Usually larger than spores because they contain
food for the new plant
• Reproduction by seeds is more complex.
Plant Reproduction
• All plants normally have both male and female parts.
• The male part produces pollen (just like male animals produce
sperm).
• The female part produces ovules (just like the female animals
produce eggs).
Plant Reproduction
Because plants cannot move fertilization happens
differently with plants.
Plants have 2 main strategies for fertilization.
1. Air: Plants use the wind to spread their pollen to
other nearby plants and fertilize the ovule. These
plants often have cones and no flowers
2. Flowers: Plants use animals to spread their pollen to
other nearby plants.
• The animal will come to the flower and get covered
in pollen, then go to the next flower and transfer the
pollen to the ovule.
15 minutes
IP: PLANTS (AND IP: UNICELLULAR
ADAPTATIONS IF NOT FINISHED FROM
TUESDAY)
It’s time for…
TRASHKETBALL!
How did Charles Darwin use the theory of
natural selection?
A. to explain how species change over time to
survive
B. to map the movement of tortoises in the
Galapagos Islands
C. to determine which finches to study aboard
the HMS Beagle
D. to survive on the Galapagos islands during his
studies of evolution
Scientists believe the atmosphere of early Earth
was incapable of supporting aerobic organisms.
Which best explains this belief?
A. There was no water in the environment.
B. Photosynthesis was occurring too slowly.
C. Multicellular organisms used up the water.
D. Free oxygen was missing from the
environment.
How have most species living today been able to
survive changes in their environment and
successfully reproduce?
A. interbreeding
B. natural selection
C. asexual reproduction
D. acquired characteristics
Which best describes the first unicellular
organisms on Earth?
A. aerobic and eukaryotic
B. aerobic and prokaryotic
C. anaerobic and eukaryotic
D. anaerobic and prokaryotic
Which will scientists most likely use to classify a
newly discovered organism?
A. knowledge of diet
B. biochemical makeup
C. location where found
D. physical characteristics
How is biochemistry used to provide evidence
for evolution?
A. by comparing blood cells of different species
B. by comparing DNA or RNA of different
species
C. by comparing reproductive cycles of different
species
D. by comparing the anatomical similarities of
different species
How does pesticide resistance in insects lead to
the evolution of the overall insect species?
A. The species will develop different eating
methods to avoid the pesticides.
B. Insects surviving pesticide applications will
become weaker and will eventually die.
C. Farmers use different pesticides to kill the
insects, eliminating the species.
D. Pesticide-resistant insects will survive and
reproduce, increasing the percentage of
pesticide-resistant insects in the population.
Which best describes how resistance to antibiotics
will aid in the evolution and survival of bacteria?
A. Bacteria resistant to antibiotics will survive,
reproduce, and pass on their resistance to the
next generation.
B. The mutation that causes bacteria to become
resistant also causes quicker reproduction with
increased survival rates.
C. The presence of the antibiotics reduces
competition between the bacteria present,
which will allow some bacteria to survive.
D. Resistance to antibiotics allows bacteria to cause
a stronger disease-like reaction in an organism.
Which best explains why the first organisms on
Earth were anaerobic?
A. lack of water
B. lack of oxygen
C. too much water
D. too much oxygen
Which factor is least likely to contribute to a
natural selection within a population?
A. a high rate of reproduction
B. variations within a population
C. an abundance of food resources
D. competition within the population
Two populations of mice are separated, and
over a long period of time, the two groups
become genetically different. Which mechanism
most likely led to the development of the two
species?
A. coevolution
B. adaptive advantage
C. geographic isolation
D. reproductive isolation
What is the accepted system used by scientists
across the world to classify organisms?
A. Darwin principle
B. Binomial nomenclature
C. Dichotomous key
D. Taxonomical ranking
Two organisms belong to the same class. They
also belong to which other category of
classification?
A. Genus
B. Order
C. Phylum
D. Species
Which best describes how eukaryotic and
prokaryotic organisms are similar?
A. Both have nuclei.
B. Both have ribosomes.
C. Both have a cell wall.
D. Both have membraine-bound organelles.
Based on Carolus Linnaeus’ system, which organism
would be most closely related to an organism
belonging to the following taxa?
Family: Canidae
Genus: Canis
Species: lupus
A. Family: Canidae, Genus: Canis, species: rufus
B. Family: Hominidae, Genus: Homo, species: lupus
C. Family: Canidae, Genus: Domesticus, species:
lupus
D. Family: Equidae, Genus: Canis, species: lupus
Lynx rufus is the scientific name for the bobcat.
Which word represents the species, and which
name is the genus of the bobcat?
A. species: rufus, genus: lynx
B. species: felix, genus: rufus
C. species: rufus, genus: carnivora
D. species: lynx, genus: rufus
Why are vascular tissues in plants important?
A. for reproduction
B. for photosynthesis
C. for anchoring plants into the soil
D. for transporting water and nutrients
Nutrients are produced in a plant’s leaves during
photosynthesis. How are these nutrients
transported from the leaves to the roots for
storage?
A. The nutrients are absorbed into the roots from
the stems.
B. The xylem carries the nutrients from the leaves
to the roots.
C. The cambium carries the nutrients to the roots
from the leaves.
D. The phloem carries the nutrients from the
leaves to the roots.
Which classification best describes mosses?
A. angiosperm
B. gymnosperm
C. nonvascular
D. vascular
A certain species of plant is able to survive in
areas where the amount of sunlight each day is
limited. Which physical characteristic would be
most advantageous for the survival of the
plant?
A. thick leaves
B. colorful flowers
C. large leaves
D. absence of flowers
Which immune response is passed from mother
to child through breast feeding?
A. active
B. cell-mediated
C. humoral
D. passive
The immune system helps to protect the human
body from pathogens. Which action would most
likely cause the immune system to develop longterm protection against a particular pathogen?
A. taking enzymes to prove the immune system
B. taking vitamins to strengthen the immune
system
C. receiving a vaccine developed to fight the
pathogen
D. receiving an injection of an antibiotic to kill
the pathogen
Which vector is responsible for the transmission
of malaria?
A. ticks
B. mosquitoes
C. syringes or needles
D. human to human contact
Why are some viral diseases such as HIV hard to
treat?
A. Antibiotics cannot penetrate the viral cell
wall.
B. Viruses use the components of drugs to
create new viruses.
C. The nucleic acid in a virus can mutate with
each replication.
D. The rate of viral replication increases when
antibiotics are taken.