Fact retrieval in postsecondary students with dyslexia
Tops, W., Callens, M., & Brysbaert, M.
Dyslexia in Higher Education
Participants: 100 first bachelor students with dyslexia and 100 matched control students (age, gender, education)
Goals: Longitudinal follow-up (bachelor studies)
Scientific framework for diagnosis and guidance protocols for (adult) students with dyslexia
Cognitive profile of (adult) students with dyslexia
Influence of dyslexia on academical achievement
Method: General cognitive functioning: IQ – memory – attention – concentration – vocabulary
Reading and writing skills: word reading – pseudoword reading – text reading – word dication
sentence dictation – free writing - English word reading – English word dictation - …
Phonological skills: spoonerisms – reversals – RAN – fact retrieval
Personality inventory – study strategies and motivation inventory
Interview
Mathematical fact retrieval
Participants: 100 dyslexic students and 100 control students
Method:
Tempo Test Rekenen (de Vos, 1992) :fast mental arithmetic (1-100)
addition (1’) – subtraction (1’) – multiplication (1’) – division(1’) – mixed operations (1’)
Results
Errors
TTR total
TTR addition
TTR subtraction
TTR multiplication
TTR division
TTR mixed
Total number of operations
TTR total
TTR addition
TTR subtraction
TTR multiplication
TTR division
TTR mixed
Dyslexic
M1
SD1
5.88
4.46
0.59
0.89
0.69
0.92
1.51
1.45
1.63
1.62
1.46
1.64
127.12
31.05
28.00
23.25
21.36
24.39
21.13
3.55
4.18
5.00
5.72
4.77
Control
SD2
SD2
5.62
4.32
0.66
0.95
0.55
0.86
1.76
2.00
1.51
1.67
1.14
1.41
150.37
34.47
30.69
28.54
27.80
29.47
23.38
3.43
3.96
5.91
6.98
5.04
T-value
t
0.42
-0.54
1.11
-1.01
0.52
1.48
Sign
p
p = .67
p = .59
p = .26
p = .31
p = .61
p = .14
Cohen's d
d
0.06
-0.08
0.16
-0.14
0.07
0.21
-7.38
-6.93
-4.67
-6.83
-7.14
-7.32
p < .00
p < .00
p < .00
p < .00
p < .00
p < .00
-1.05
-0.98
-0.66
-0.98
-1.03
-1.04
Discussion
No differences in error rate, but problems with fast fact retrieval in general
Big effect sizes for all operations except subtraction (d = -.66)
References
de Vos, T. (1992). Tempo Test Rekenen. Pearson.