Light Energy; waves
 Wavelength: distance
between peaks
 determines hue (the color)
Short wavelength = higher frequency
long wavelength = low frequency
 Amplitude: height of peaks
 determines intensity of color
(brightness)
Large amplitude = bright colors
Small amplitude = dull colors
Light Energy; waves
 Wavelength: distance
between peaks
 determines hue (the color)
Short wavelength = higher frequency
long wavelength = low frequency
 Amplitude: height of peaks
 determines intensity of color
(brightness)
Large amplitude = bright colors
Small amplitude = dull colors
Hue (the color we experience)
 Colors waves we can see
 Longest to shortest waves
ROY G. BIV
 The eye can detect
7 million separate hues
Structure of the Eye
 Cornea
 Protective covering
 Pupil
 Allows more or less light to
pass through
 Iris
 Colored part of the eye
 Muscle that surrounds the pupil
 Lens
 bends light from pupil to focus
 Image appears upside down &
reversed on retina
Structure of the Eye
 Retina
 Multilayered tissue
 receptor cells sensitive to
light & pressure
Close your eyes, look left!
Rub the right side of your right eye
What do you see?
Blind Spot
 Where the eyeball connects to
the optic nerve there is a blind
spot.
 You will never notice it because
one eye will always compensate
for the other……unless.....
Photoreceptor Cells
 Retina has many layers
 The first layer that light hits are the receptor cells; cone & rods
 Cones
 Allows you to see COLOR & FINE DETAIL!
 Concentration in the center of the retina
 Roughly 6 million
 Rods
 Allows you to see BLACK & WHITE!
 Roughly 120 million (ratio 20:1)
 Located on the peripheral of your retina
VOLUNTEER PLEASE
The Hermann Grid
When you look at an area directly there is no dot because you are
using your cones but the periphery has dots because the rods are trying
to do two things, show you there is a dark area and a light area.
Optic Nerve + Optic Chiasm
thalamus
Exit Slip: Slap on the door when you leave!
Write down one concept from the
video that you understand!