BP Statistical Review
of World Energy
June 2017
Introduction
Group chief executive’s introduction
2016 at a glance
Group chief economist’s analysis
Primary energy
Consumption
Consumption by fuel
Oil
Reserves
Production and consumption
Prices
Refining
Trade movements
Natural gas
Reserves
Production and consumption
Prices
Trade movements
Coal
Reserves and prices
Production and consumption
Nuclear energy
1
1
2
3
Consumption
Consumption
8
9
Other renewables consumption
Biofuels production
12
14
20
22
24
Electricity
26
28
33
34
36
44
44
45
46
Generation
CO2
42
42
Renewable energy
12
26
41
Hydroelectricity
8
41
46
Carbon
47
Carbon dioxide emissions
47
Appendices
48
Approximate conversion factors
Definitions
More information
48
48
49
36
38
66th edition
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Disclaimer
The data series for proved oil and gas reserves in BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2017 does not necessarily
meet the definitions, guidelines and practices used for determining proved reserves at company level, for instance, as
published by the US Securities and Exchange Commission, nor does it necessarily represent BP’s view of proved
reserves by country. Rather, the data series has been compiled using a combination of primary official sources and
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Group chief
executive’s
introduction
Welcome to BP’s Statistical
Review of World Energy.
This is the 66th edition of
the Statistical Review and
the data and analysis it
contains provide a window
onto another fascinating year
in the world of energy.
Global energy markets are in transition.
Rapid growth and improving prosperity
mean growth in energy demand is
increasingly coming from developing
economies, particularly within Asia,
rather than from traditional markets in the
OECD. The relentless drive to improve
energy efficiency is causing global energy
consumption overall to decelerate. And, of
course, the energy mix is shifting towards
cleaner, lower carbon fuels, driven by
environmental needs and technological
advances. BP will play its part in meeting
this dual challenge of supplying the energy
the world needs to grow and prosper,
while also reducing carbon emissions.
As well as the increasing pull of this longterm transition, energy markets last year
also had to respond to a series of shorter-run
factors, most notably in the oil market which
continued to adjust to the excess supply
that has weighed on prices over the past
three years. To understand this mix of short
and long-run factors and what they might
imply for the future, we need timely and
reliable data. That is where the Statistical
Review comes in, providing accurate global
data to inform discussion, debate and
decision making.
over the next few years is likely to have
a major influence on global gas markets,
leading to greater integration of markets
across the globe and a move towards more
flexible, competitive markets.
Looking at the picture overall, energy
consumption grew slowly again in 2016 –
the third consecutive year in which demand
has grown by 1% or less – much weaker
than the rates of growth we had become
used to over the previous 10 years or so.
Moreover, the weak growth in energy
demand, combined with a continuing shift
towards lower carbon fuels, meant global
carbon emissions from energy consumption
were estimated to have been essentially
flat in 2016 for a third consecutive year
– a substantial improvement relative to
past trends.
The influence of the energy transition
was particularly marked in the contrasting
fortunes of coal and renewable energy.
Coal consumption fell sharply for the
second consecutive year, with its share
within primary energy falling to its lowest
level since 2004. Indeed, coal production
and consumption in the UK completed an
entire cycle, falling back to levels last seen
almost 200 years ago around the time of
the Industrial Revolution, with the UK power
sector recording its first ever coal-free day
in April of this year. In contrast, renewable
energy globally led by wind and solar
power grew strongly, helped by continuing
technological advances. Although the share
of renewable energy within total energy
remains small, at around 4%, it accounted
for almost a third of the increase in primary
energy last year.
From a global level, much of this
improvement can be traced back to the
pronounced changes in the pace and
pattern of economic growth and energy
consumption within China. The extent to
which these changes will persist as China
moves to a more sustainable pattern of
growth and how much will unwind as the
marked weakness in some of China’s most
energy-intensive sectors eases is uncertain.
We need to keep up our focus and efforts
on reducing carbon emissions. BP supports
the aims set out in the COP21 meetings in
Paris and is committed to playing its part in
helping to achieve them.
In terms of individual fuels, 2016 was a
year of adjustment for the oil market, with
low prices fuelling demand growth and
weighing on production, particularly US
tight oil which fell back substantially. As a
result, the oil market moved broadly into
balance in the second half of the year, albeit
with inventories remaining at elevated
levels. Towards the end of last year, OPEC
together with 10 non-OPEC producers
announced an agreement to cut output
in order to speed up the pace at which oil
stocks adjust to more normal levels. The
price responsiveness of US tight oil and the
actions of OPEC dominated oil markets in
2016 and look set to continue to do so over
the next few years.
The weak price environment in 2016 was
also felt in the natural gas market, where
global production was essentially flat. This
is the weakest growth in gas output for
34 years, other than in the immediate
aftermath of the financial crisis. Even so,
exports of liquefied natural gas (LNG)
increased strongly, as a number of major
LNG projects in Australia came onstream.
The growth spurt in LNG supplies expected
Our industry has faced some significant
challenges in recent years. There are signs
in last year’s data that markets are adjusting
and some of the near-term pressures
may gradually ease. But as we know from
history, one set of challenges is likely to be
replaced by another, as we learn to operate
in ever-changing markets and to harness
the opportunities afforded by the transition
to a lower carbon environment. That will
require understanding and judgement, both
of which rely on the kind of robust data and
analysis provided by the Statistical Review.
I hope you find it a useful resource for your
own discussions and deliberations.
Let me conclude by thanking BP’s
economics team and all those who helped
us prepare this Review. The Review relies
on the willingness of governments around
the world to contribute their official data.
Thank you for your continuing co-operation
and transparency.
Bob Dudley
Group chief executive
June 2017
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
1
2016 at a glance
Growth in global primary
energy consumption
remained low in 2016; and
the fuel mix shifted away
from coal towards lower
carbon fuels.
Energy developments
• Global primary energy consumption increased
by just 1% in 2016, following growth of 0.9%
in 2015 and 1% in 2014. This compares with
the 10-year average of 1.8% a year.
• As was the case in 2015, growth was below
average in all regions except Europe & Eurasia.
All fuels except oil and nuclear power grew at
below-average rates.
• Energy consumption in China grew by just
1.3% in 2016. Growth during 2015 and 2016
was the lowest over a two-year period since
1997-98. Despite this, China remained the
world’s largest growth market for energy for
a 16th consecutive year.
Aerial view of Shanghai highway in China at night. Shanghai has an expansive grade-separated highway and expressway
network consisting of 16 municipal express roads, 10 provincial-level expressways and eight national-level expressways.
Carbon emissions
• Production outside the Middle East fell by
1.3 Mb/d, with the largest declines in the US
(-400,000 b/d), China (-310,000 b/d) and Nigeria
(-280,000 b/d).
• Emissions of CO2 from energy consumption
increased by only 0.1% in 2016. During
2014-16, average emissions growth has
been the lowest over any three-year period
since 1981-83.
• Refinery throughput growth slowed from
1.8 Mb/d in 2015 to 0.6 Mb/d last year. Refining
capacity grew by only 440,000 b/d, versus
10-year average growth of 1 Mb/d, causing
refinery utilization to rise.
Oil
Natural gas
• The Dated Brent oil price averaged $43.73
per barrel in 2016, down from $52.39 per
barrel in 2015 and its lowest (nominal) annual
level since 2004.
• World natural gas consumption grew by
63 billion cubic metres (bcm) or 1.5%, slower
than the 10-year average of 2.3%.
• Oil remained the world’s leading fuel,
accounting for a third of global energy
consumption. Oil gained global market share
for the second year in a row, following 15 years
of declines from 1999 to 2014.
• Global oil consumption growth averaged
1.6 million barrels per day (Mb/d), or 1.6%,
above its 10-year average (1.2%) for the second
successive year. China (400,000 b/d) and India
(330,000 b/d) provided the largest increments.
• Global oil production in contrast, rose by only
0.4 Mb/d, the slowest growth since 2013.
• Production in the Middle East rose by 1.7 Mb/d,
driven by growth in Iran (700,000 b/d) Iraq
(400,000 b/d) and Saudi Arabia (400,000 b/d).
• EU gas consumption rose sharply by 30 bcm,
or 7.1% – the fastest growth since 2010. Russia
saw the largest drop in consumption of any
country (-12 bcm).
• Global natural gas production increased by
only 21 bcm, or 0.3%. Declining production
in North America (-21 bcm) partially offset
strong growth from Australia (19 bcm) and
Iran (13 bcm).
• Gas trade grew by 4.8%, helped by 6.2%
growth in LNG imports/exports.
• Most of the net growth in LNG exports came
from Australia (19 bcm out of 21). US LNG
exports rose from 0.7 bcm in 2015 to 4.4
bcm in 2016.
Coal
• Global coal consumption fell by 53 million
tonnes of oil equivalent (mtoe), or 1.7%,
the second successive annual decline.
+1.0%
Growth of global primary energy consumption,
well below the 10-year average of 1.8%.
2
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
• The largest declines in coal consumption were
seen in the US (-33 mtoe, an 8.8% fall) and
China (-26 mtoe, -1.6%). Coal consumption
in the UK more than halved (down 52.5%, or
12 mtoe) to its lowest level in our records.
• Coal’s share of global primary energy
consumption fell to 28.1%, the lowest
share since 2004.
• World coal production fell by 6.2%, or
231 mtoe, the largest decline on record.
China’s production fell by 7.9% or 140 mtoe,
also a record decline. US production fell by
19% or 85 mtoe.
Renewables, hydro & nuclear energy
• Renewable power (excluding hydro) grew by
14.1% in 2016, below the 10-year average, but
the largest increment on record (53 mtoe).
• Wind provided more than half of renewables
growth, while solar energy contributed almost
a third despite accounting for only 18%
of the total.
• Asia Pacific overtook Europe & Eurasia as the
largest producing region of renewable power.
China overtook the US to be the largest single
renewables producer.
• Global nuclear power generation increased by
1.3% in 2016, or 9.3 mtoe. China accounted
for all of the net growth, expanding by 24.5%.
China’s increment (9.6 mtoe) was the largest of
any country since 2004.
• Hydroelectric power generation rose by 2.8%
in 2016, (27.1 mtoe). China (10.9 mtoe) and the
US (3.5 mtoe) provided the largest increments.
Venezuela experienced the largest decline
(-3.2 mtoe).
Group chief
economist’s
analysis
Key features of 2016
Primary energy grew by just 1% (171 mtoe) in
2016, almost half the average rate seen over the
previous 10 years.
Some of this weakness reflected short-run
factors: global GDP grew by just 3% last year,
its slowest rate since 2002 – other than at the
time of the financial crisis – driven in part by a
slowdown in industrial production, the most
energy-intensive sector of the economy.
But the weakness is also indicative of the longerrun trend towards slower energy growth driven
by gains in energy efficiency.
This is the third consecutive year in which energy
consumption has grown by 1% or less, with
energy intensity – the average amount of energy
needed to produce a unit of GDP – falling at
historically unprecedented rates.
Growth in energy consumption was again driven
by the developing economies. China (1.3%,
47 mtoe) and India (5.4%, 39 mtoe) led the
way, contributing almost identical increments,
and together accounting for around half of the
increase in global demand.
Energy in 2016: short-run
adjustments and longrun transition.
Stability and energy markets don’t go together
– booms and busts; rebounds and reversals
are the norm.
But the movements and volatility seen last
year were particularly interesting since energy
markets were buffeted by two separate forces:
the continued adjustment to the short-run cyclical
shocks that have rocked energy markets in
recent years, particularly the oil market; and the
growing gravitational pull of the longer-run energy
transition that is under way.
In recent years the nature of the cyclical
adjustments has been increasingly affected by
the longer-run transition that is shaping global
energy markets. On the demand side: the shift in
the centre of gravity to fast-growing developing
economies, led by China and India; together
with a slowing in overall energy growth as it is
used ever more efficiently. And on the supply
side, the secular movement towards cleaner,
lower carbon energy sources, led by renewable
energy, driven by technological advances and
environmental needs.
But these similar contributions disguise sharply
contrasting trends. India’s energy consumption
grew at a similar rate to the recent past,
underpinned by solid economic growth. In
contrast, China’s energy consumption grew
at less than a quarter of the rate seen over the
previous 10 years.
This brake in China’s energy consumption
partly reflects the gradual slowing in economic
growth, but it has been greatly compounded by
pronounced weakness in China’s most energyintensive sectors, particularly iron, steel and
cement, which together account for around
a quarter of China’s total energy consumption.
Some of the weakness in these sectors, which
drove China’s rapid growth and industrialization
over much of the past 15 years, reflects the
structural rebalancing of the economy towards
more consumer and service facing sectors.
But the scale of the slowdown – with
output in iron, steel and cement below 2014
levels – suggests that some bounce-back is
perhaps likely.
Energy consumption growth
Contributions to annual growth, %
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
1985-95
1995-05
Other
India
China
OECD
2005-15
2016
Short-run adjustments and long-run transition.
The story in terms of individual fuels also reflects
a mix of these two forces.
Renewable energy (including biofuels) (12%,
55 mtoe) was again the fastest growing energy
source, accounting for almost a third of the
increase in primary energy, despite having a share
of only 4%. That said, oil (1.5%, 75 mtoe) actually
provided the largest contribution to growth, with
the low level of oil prices boosting demand.
Natural gas (1.5%, 57 mtoe) grew at the same
rate as oil, although for gas this was considerably
slower than its 10-year average.
Perhaps the most striking feature across the
different fuels was the continuing rapid descent of
coal, with consumption (-1.7%, -53 mtoe) falling
sharply for the second consecutive year and the
share of coal within primary energy declining to its
lowest level since 2004.
The turnaround in the fortunes of coal over
the past few years is stark: it is only four years
ago that coal was the largest source of energy
demand growth. There may be further ups and
downs in the fortunes of coal over coming years,
but the weakness in recent years does seem to
signal a fairly decisive break from the past.
2016 was a year of both short-run adjustments
and long-run transition, and this year’s Statistical
Review shines a light on both influences.
+1.3%
Growth of primary energy consumption in China,
a quarter of its 10-year average.
The Beijing central business district is the primary area of finance, media, and business services in Beijing, China.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
3
Oil
Two years ago, 2015 was a year of thwarted
adjustment for oil: strong growth in OPEC
production outweighed the responses of
both demand and non-OPEC production to
lower prices.
In contrast, 2016 was a year of adjustment for
the oil market, with oil demand again increasing
robustly and production growing by less than a
quarter (0.4 Mb/d) of that seen in 2015.
Global oil demand grew by 1.6 Mb/d last year.
As in 2015, this strength was almost entirely
due to oil importers, with both India (0.3 Mb/d)
and Europe (0.3 Mb/d) posting unusually strong
increases. Although, growth in China (0.4 Mb/d)
and the US (0.1 Mb/d) was more subdued.
As in 2015, the strength in oil demand was
most pronounced in consumer-led fuels, such
as gasoline, buoyed by low prices. In contrast,
diesel demand, which was more exposed to
the industrial slowdown, including in the US and
China, declined for the first time since 2009.
The weakness on the supply side was driven by
non-OPEC production which fell by 0.8 Mb/d, its
largest decline for almost 25 years. This fall was
led by US tight oil, whose production fell
0.3 Mb/d, a swing of almost 1 Mb/d relative to
growth in 2015. China also experienced its largest
ever decline in oil production (-0.3 Mb/d).
In contrast, OPEC production recorded another
year of solid growth (1.2 Mb/d), with Iran (0.7
Mb/d), Iraq (0.4 Mb/d) and Saudi Arabia (0.4 Mb/d)
more than accounting for the increase. Iran’s
production and its share of OPEC output are now
both back around pre-sanction levels.
The combination of strong demand and weak
supply was sufficient to move the oil market
broadly back into balance by the middle
of the year.
But this was not before inventories had increased
even further from their already excessive levels,
such that the level of OECD inventories by the
end of 2016 was around 300 Mbbls above their
five-year average.
The drama and intrigue that has characterized
oil markets since the price collapse in 2014 have
been dominated by two principal actors: US tight
oil and OPEC. What have we learnt about the
behaviour of both during this cycle?
Oil market in 2015 and 2016
Consumption
Annual change, Mb/d
Production
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
2.0
Global
growth
2.0
1.0
Exporters
1.0
OPEC
0.5
Importers
0.5
NonOPEC
1.5
1.5
0.0
0.0
-0.5
-0.5
2005-15
2015
2005-15
2016
So that is the backstory on one of the principal
actors, what about the other: OPEC?
Notwithstanding that, the short-cycle nature of
fracking meant activity related to US tight oil did
respond far more quickly to price signals than
conventional oil and, in so doing, dampened price
volatility. Rigs started to fall around four to six
months after oil prices peaked in June 2014 and
picked up even more quickly – within three or
four months – once prices started to turn at the
beginning of last year.
As with many great characters in literature,
OPEC took some decisive actions which caught
many observers by surprise and dramatically
changed the course of events. First, by not
cutting production in November 2014, triggering
a collapse in prices, and then last November
agreeing, along with 10 non-OPEC producers,
to a production cut totalling 1.8 Mb/d.
And this lower activity fed through into slower
output growth. In the first half of 2015 – so less
than a year after the peak in oil prices – tight oil
production grew by just 0.1 Mb/d, compared with
over 0.5 Mb/d in the same period a year earlier –
a swing in annualized terms of 0.8 Mb/d. Similarly,
US tight oil has grown solidly in the first half of
this year, following the trough in prices in the
spring of 2016.
The final point to note about US tight oil is that
productivity continued to rise rapidly through the
cycle, with new well production per rig increasing
by around 40% per year in both 2015 and 2016.
Despite rigs in the Permian falling by over 75%,
output continued to grow. Put differently, a rig
operating in the Permian today is equivalent to
more than three rigs at the end of 2014.
How should we think about these actions?
For me, the clearest explanation of these actions
was given by HE Khalid Al-Falih, the Saudi
Arabian minister for energy, industry and mineral
resources at CERAWeek in March. To quote
minister Al-Falih:
“OPEC remains an important catalyst to the
stability and sustainability of the market…. but
history has also demonstrated that intervention
in response to structural shifts is largely
ineffective… that’s why Saudi Arabia does not
support OPEC intervening to alleviate the impacts
of long-term structural imbalances, as opposed to
addressing short-term aberrations….”
Perhaps the most important thing is that there is
no such thing as the behaviour of ‘US tight oil’: the
-0.8 Mb/d
4
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
2016
Permian is very different to Eagle Ford which is
different to Bakken. So beware generalizations.
Consider first US tight oil, which didn’t exist
during the last oil price cycle, and so we are
learning about it in real time.
Decline in non-OPEC oil production.
2015
On board BP’s Thunder Horse platform in the Gulf of Mexico, USA.
To unpack this a bit: OPEC’s power stems from
its ability to shift oil production from one period
to another. As such, it has the ability to smooth
through the effects of temporary shocks to the
oil market, lowering or raising production until the
shock subsides.
But its ability to respond to permanent shocks
is far more limited: shifting supply from one
period to another makes little difference if the
underlying shock persists. Consider, for example,
the unsuccessful attempts by OPEC to support
the oil market in the first half of the 1980s as new
structural sources of production from the North
Sea and Alaska came onstream.
China coal production and prices
China coal production growth
China coal prices
Annual change, %
$/tonne
Qinhuangdao steam coal (5500 kcal/kg)
120
20
15
100
10
80
5
0
60
-5
-10 1986
1991
1996
2001
2006
2011
2016
40
Jan 13
Jan 14
Jan 15
Jan 16
Jan 17
The underlying source of the supply imbalance
that emerged in 2014 was the growth of US tight
oil. To use the Minister’s words, this was not a
short-term aberration; it was the emergence of a
new source of intra-marginal supply.
In contrast, the focus now is on increasing the
pace at which the huge overhang of oil stocks is
drawn down to more normal levels. This is exactly
the type of temporary adjustment in which OPEC
intervention can be effective – reducing supply
until stocks have adjusted.
Refining capacity expanded by just 0.4 Mb/d, less
than half its 10-year average. This was the second
successive year of weak growth in refining
capacity, much of which can be attributed to
actions by China to limit the build-up of domestic
spare refining capacity.
So perhaps like all the best stories, the actions of
the main characters make perfect sense when
seen in the right context. OPEC remains a central
force, able to manage and stabilize the oil market,
but the nature of that power means it is effective
for short-term aberrations, not structural shifts.
Coal
Finally for oil, what has all this meant for prices?
The persistent supply imbalance and growing
inventory levels caused prices to fall towards
the end of 2015 and into 2016. Prices stabilized
through the middle of the year as the market
moved into balance and inventories levelled off,
before firming somewhat towards the end of
the year in the wake of the OPEC/non-OPEC
agreement. Dated Brent averaged $44 per barrel
in 2016, down from $52 in 2015, its lowest
(nominal) average since 2004. So far, this year,
prices have averaged about $53 as the OPEC
cuts have started to take effect, albeit partially
offset by the strong recovery in US tight oil.
Refining
The fortunes of coal appear to have taken a
decisive break from the past. This shift largely
reflects structural factors: the increasing
availability and competitiveness of natural gas
and renewables, combined with government and
societal pressure to shift towards cleaner, lower
carbon fuels.
These long-term forces in turn have given
rise to near-term tensions and dynamics. This
was particularly the case in China, which at
the beginning of the year introduced a series
of measures to reduce the scale of excess
capacity in the domestic coal sector and
improve the productivity and profitability of the
remaining mines.
These measures were focused on reducing
capacity amongst the smallest, least productive
mines and encouraging greater consolidation.
In addition, the government further constrained
production by restricting coal mines to operate for
a maximum of 276 days, down from 330 days.
The impact of these measures was dramatic:
domestic coal production fell sharply and prices
jumped sharply higher. For 2016 as a whole,
Chinese coal production fell by 7.9% (-140 mtoe),
by far the largest decline on record, and through
the year the price of steam coal increased by over
60%. Coal consumption also declined (-1.6%,
-26 mtoe) for the third consecutive year, although
by less than production, with China resuming its
position as the world’s largest importer of coal.
The events in China spilled over into global coal
markets, with world prices taking their cue from
China. This rise in global coal prices further
depressed global coal demand, particularly in
power sector around the globe, with natural gas
and renewable energy the main beneficiaries.
Global coal consumption fell by 53 mtoe (-1.7%)
and global production by a whopping 231 mtoe
(-6.2%), with US production registering a second
consecutive substantial fall (-19.0%, -85 mtoe).
A particularly striking example of this long-run
movement away from coal was here in the UK,
where the hike in global coal prices was amplified
by the increase in the UK’s Carbon Price Floor
in 2015. As a result, the UK’s relationship with
coal almost completed an entire cycle: with the
UK’s last three underground coal mines closing,
Back in 2015, refiners responded to near-record
high margins by increasing refinery throughput by
1.8 Mb/d, triple its 10-year average.
That led to a build-up of product inventories
that dampened margins in 2016, causing
refineries to reduce the growth in crude runs
to just 0.6 Mb/d.
After strong growth in 2015, European refiners
reduced runs by 0.2 Mb/d, while runs in Mexico,
Venezuela and Brazil fell by a combined 0.4 Mb/d
due to multiple refinery shutdowns.
$44/bbl
Price of Dated Brent crude oil.
Surface coal mine in England.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
5
consumption falling back to where it was roughly
200 years ago around the time of the industrial
revolution, and the UK power sector recording its
first-ever coal-free day in April of this year.
Natural gas
Global consumption increased by 1.5% (63 bcm),
quite a bit weaker than its 10-year average (2.3%);
while global gas production was essentially flat
(0.3%, 21 bcm), the weakest growth in gas
output for 34 years, other than in the immediate
aftermath of the financial crisis.
This sub-par growth went hand-in-hand with
falling gas prices – Henry Hub prices were 5%
lower than in 2015, European and Asian gas
markers were down 20-30% as prices continued
to adjust to increased LNG supplies.
Much of the lacklustre performance can be traced
back to the US, particularly on the supply side
where falls in gas (and oil) prices caused US gas
production (-17 bcm, -2.5%) to fall for the first
time since the US shale gas revolution started in
earnest in the mid-2000s.
Outside of the US, on the demand side,
gas consumption in Europe rose strongly
(6%, 28 bcm) helped by both the increasing
competitiveness of gas relative to coal
and weakness in European nuclear and
renewable energy.
The Middle East (3.5%, 19 bcm) and China
(16 bcm, 7.7%) both also recorded strong
increases aided by improving infrastructure and
availability of gas. The largest falls were in Russia
(-12 bcm, -3.2%) and Brazil (-5 bcm, -12.5%)
both of which benefited from strong increases
in hydropower.
On the supply side, Australian production
(19 bcm, 25.2%) was the standout performer as
several new LNG facilities came onstream.
Looking at the growing market for LNG, although
China continued to provide the main source of
growth, it’s striking that the increasing availability
of supplies has prompted a number of new
countries, including Egypt, Pakistan and Poland,
to enter the market in the last year or two. These
new entrants were helped by the increased
flexibility afforded by plentiful supplies of FSRUs
(floating storage and regasification units).
LNG supply and demand
Supply
Annual change, bcm
Demand
Other
Australia
Annual change, bcm
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
0
5-year average
2016
0
5-year average
Other
New markets*
2016
*Includes Egypt, Pakistan, Poland, Jamaica, Colombia and Lithuania
Alongside increasing market integration, we
are likely to see a shift towards a more flexible
style of trading, supported by a deeper, more
competitive market structure. Indeed, this shift
is already apparent, with a move towards smaller
and shorter contracts and an increase in the
proportion of LNG trade which is not contracted
and is freely traded.
A particularly interesting market in the context of
the growing LNG supplies is Europe.
On the one hand, Europe’s large and increasing
need for imported gas, combined with its
relatively central location amongst several major
LNG suppliers, means Europe is often highlighted
as a natural growth market for LNG. On the other
hand, Europe’s access to plentiful supplies of
pipeline gas, particularly from Russia, means
LNG imports are likely to face stiff competition.
In terms of this battle of competing supplies,
Round 1 went to pipeline gas.
Europe’s gas imports increased markedly last
year, reflecting the strong increase in demand,
together with weakness in the domestic
production of natural gas. But virtually the entire
rise in European imports was met by pipeline
gas, from a combination of Algerian and Russian
supplies, with imports of LNG barely increasing.
The economic incentives in this battle of
competing supplies are clear: just as with OPEC’s
response to the emergence of US tight oil, Russia
has a strong incentive to compete to maintain its
market share in the face of growing competition
from LNG supplies.
But this competitive process is complicated by
possible concerns about Europe being overly
dependent on a single source of supply and
the energy security issues this might raise. The
interesting question is whether the growth of
global LNG trade, by fostering a more globallyintegrated gas market, with the optionality of
being able to turn to LNG should the need arise,
might mitigate those concerns.
Europe doesn’t need to consume large amounts
of LNG imports in ‘normal’ times, but it has the
option of doing so if the need arises.
Non-fossil fuels
The leading light of the energy transition is,
of course, renewable power which continued
to grow rapidly last year, led by wind (15.6%,
131 TWh) and solar (29.6%,77 TWh). Although
the share of renewable power within primary
energy edged up only slightly to 3.2%, its strong
growth meant it accounted for over 30% of the
increase in primary energy.
2016 was the first year of the growth spurt we
expect to see in LNG, with global supplies set to
increase by around a further 30% by 2020. That is
equivalent to a new LNG train coming onstream
every two-to-three months for the next four years
– quite astonishing growth.
As the importance of LNG trade grows, global
gas markets are likely to evolve quite materially.
25.2%
Increase in Australian natural gas production as
new LNG facilities came onstream.
6
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
The Trans-Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline in Turkey, a central part of the Southern Gas Corridor pipeline system.
China continued to dominate renewables growth,
contributing over 40% of global growth – more
than the entire OECD – and surpassing the US to
become the largest producer of renewable power.
One noticeable weak spot last year was the EU,
where renewable power barely grew as load
factors fell back from unusually high levels in
2015. This is a reminder of the variability that
weather conditions can inject into renewable
generation from year to year. For example, the
decline in Denmark’s wind power last year was
almost 5% of its total power generation.
Although wind continued to provide the lion’s
share of the increase in renewable power, solar
is catching up fast.
The right-hand chart considers the 67 countries
that are separately tracked in the Statistical
Review and records the share of those countries
that, in any given year, produced a material
amount of different energies. It took around
20 years for the share of countries producing a
sizeable amount of wind power to increase from
15% to 75%; solar achieved the same degree
of diffusion in less than half that time. In sharp
contrast, nuclear energy plateaued at less than
half the number of countries.
These different rates of diffusion reflect the
different characteristics of the technologies: the
more modular nature of solar power, together
with its steeper learning curve has allowed it to
spread more quickly.
Moreover, the fact that the transfer of wind and
solar technology is not subject to onerous security
restrictions has helped their rapid diffusion relative
to nuclear power.
In terms of other non-fossil fuels: China provided
the main source of world growth for both hydro
(2.8%, 120 TWh) and nuclear (1.3%, 41 TWh)
power. Growth in China’s hydro power has
slowed sharply in recent years from the rapid
rates of expansion that characterized the first
part of the 2000s. In contrast, China’s nuclear
programme is just beginning to ramp up: it
brought on five new reactors last year – the
largest ever annual increase in China’s nuclear
history – and has more than 20 reactors currently
under construction.
Growth and diffusion of renewables
Growth by country
Diffusion of power technologies
Annual change, TWh
Share of countries*, %
250
80
200
60
150
40
100
20
50
0
2010-15
Other
Japan
2016
US
China
EU
0
1965
Wind
Solar
1982
1999
2016
Nuclear
*The proportion of the 67 countries that are individually listed in the Statistical
Review with power generation of at least 50 GWh from the specified technology.
2.5% per year. Some of this slowdown reflects
weaker GDP growth, but the majority reflects
faster declines in the carbon intensity of GDP –
the average amount of carbon emitted per unit
of GDP – driven by accelerating improvements in
both energy efficiency and the fuel mix.
The key question this raises is whether the
experience of the past three years signals a
decisive break from the past and a significant
step towards the goals of Paris or was it largely
driven by cyclical factors which are likely to
unwind over time?
structural factors that are likely to persist: slower
economic growth; a shift in the composition of
growth towards less energy-intensive sectors,
and a movement away from coal. But some
probably reflects cyclical factors, particularly the
contractions in some of China’s most energyintensive sectors, which are unlikely to keep being
repeated and may well unwind in future years.
The juxtaposition of short-run adjustments and
long-run transition is likely to be a feature of
energy markets for many years to come.
Long-run transition or short-run adjustment?
Looking at the factors driving this improvement,
the key difference is China. China’s carbon
emissions are estimated to have actually fallen
over the past two years, after growing by more
than 75% in the previous 10 years.
As mentioned earlier in the context of the
slowdown in China’s energy consumption, there
are good reasons for thinking that some of this
improvement in China’s carbon emissions reflects
Spencer Dale
Group chief economist
June 2017
This is a shortened version of the presentation
given at the launch of BP’s Statistical Review of
World Energy in London on 13 June 2017.
Carbon emissions
Turning finally to carbon emissions. The good
news is that carbon emissions were essentially
flat in 2016. This is the third consecutive year in
which we have seen little or no growth in carbon
emissions – in sharp contrast to the 10 years
before that, in which emissions grew by almost
In detail
Additional information – including historical
time series for the fuels reported in this
review; further detail on renewable forms
of energy; oil consumption by product –
together with the full version of Spencer
Dale’s presentation is available at
bp.com/statisticalreview
Aerial view of a field of solar panels in Italy.
Acknowledgements
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the many contacts worldwide who provide the publicly
available data for this publication, and to the researchers at the Centre for Energy Economics Research
and Policy, Heriot-Watt University who assist in the data compilation.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
7
Primary energy
Consumption*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes oil equivalent
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2016
2016
2005-15
2331.6 2370.2 2318.8 2205.1 2284.1 2264.5 2209.3 2270.6 2296.5 2275.9 2272.7
329.7
319.5
325.4
326.0
310.5
315.5
327.6
326.5
336.1
334.3
327.7
186.5
172.9
170.8
174.3
174.1
178.3
186.5
188.5
189.1
190.4
188.8
2824.1 2866.5 2819.2 2689.7 2777.8 2778.6 2724.3 2795.9 2821.2 2792.4 2788.9
88.9
72.5
75.6
76.8
74.8
79.7
81.4
83.4
86.5
86.7
88.7
297.8
216.8
231.8
243.9
243.0
267.6
279.7
284.8
296.8
304.9
302.6
36.8
30.6
31.5
31.2
30.9
30.4
33.7
34.1
34.4
35.4
35.9
41.1
30.7
30.8
34.0
32.0
34.2
35.7
38.4
38.2
40.3
41.0
15.3
10.3
11.0
11.7
11.5
12.7
13.5
14.3
14.7
15.5
15.5
25.3
13.8
15.1
16.4
16.7
18.5
20.3
21.2
21.7
22.4
23.7
19.4
20.9
21.8
21.4
22.1
23.1
23.1
22.0
22.4
21.9
21.6
74.6
78.5
81.2
84.4
82.9
80.7
80.3
84.1
83.3
78.1
78.8
106.2
93.8
95.1
93.4
92.2
94.8
97.8
98.7
98.7
98.9
102.6
705.3
567.8
593.9
613.2
606.0
641.7
665.4
680.9
696.7
704.1
710.4
35.1
35.8
35.0
35.7
34.6
35.9
33.8
35.4
35.1
33.8
33.9
14.5
13.6
12.3
12.3
10.9
10.7
11.9
12.3
12.6
13.2
14.5
23.7
26.3
25.7
25.9
24.4
25.9
25.9
27.9
24.7
25.5
22.4
61.7
65.0
65.6
66.6
61.7
65.8
61.0
58.7
60.0
55.8
56.9
18.1
20.1
19.6
19.5
17.1
17.8
19.1
18.1
16.7
17.9
19.0
39.9
45.1
44.9
43.6
41.2
43.2
42.4
41.9
41.8
40.2
40.2
17.1
21.6
20.5
19.8
18.5
19.5
18.4
17.1
17.9
17.4
16.9
27.1
32.2
32.2
31.1
28.9
31.6
29.1
28.1
27.7
26.7
26.7
235.9
261.2
257.5
259.1
245.4
253.4
244.7
244.8
247.2
237.6
239.4
322.5
341.3
327.2
330.7
310.2
323.6
312.1
316.4
325.5
312.1
317.8
25.9
34.3
34.6
33.5
32.7
31.5
30.7
29.3
27.9
26.3
26.4
21.9
25.7
25.3
25.0
22.9
23.5
22.6
21.1
20.1
20.0
21.2
15.2
16.2
16.7
16.6
15.2
15.2
14.1
14.0
13.7
13.7
14.5
151.3
184.9
181.0
179.2
167.1
172.2
168.5
162.2
155.7
146.9
149.9
63.0
47.4
52.7
55.0
49.2
53.1
58.6
59.4
60.2
66.4
62.7
5.5
7.6
8.3
8.2
7.6
5.6
5.8
5.8
5.4
5.2
5.4
84.5
95.3
95.0
92.9
91.8
96.1
91.5
88.1
85.9
80.9
82.1
48.6
42.3
45.7
46.7
43.6
41.9
43.0
47.8
45.0
46.4
47.2
96.7
94.1
93.7
95.4
92.0
98.2
98.7
95.7
96.0
92.4
93.4
26.0
25.1
25.2
24.2
24.4
25.6
24.5
22.4
24.5
24.6
24.6
33.1
39.6
38.6
39.0
33.5
33.8
34.7
34.0
31.5
32.5
32.6
673.9
676.1
680.5
683.5
648.0
673.3
694.9
695.2
686.8
689.2
681.7
15.9
18.4
17.3
17.9
16.3
17.4
16.8
16.2
16.8
15.5
15.7
135.0
154.1
158.0
153.7
142.8
146.2
143.1
142.4
134.2
132.2
134.4
52.2
52.0
53.1
52.8
48.1
51.8
51.3
54.5
51.3
51.4
52.9
26.4
28.7
28.4
29.4
29.4
28.7
27.2
28.8
29.7
28.5
27.9
137.9
95.8
102.8
103.3
104.3
111.0
114.9
120.1
118.5
122.6
131.9
33.2
21.4
24.2
24.5
22.7
25.9
27.0
29.7
26.8
29.5
33.1
87.0
137.7
134.4
132.9
112.9
121.0
125.7
122.6
114.7
101.2
83.9
188.1
226.3
219.7
216.4
205.2
210.5
198.8
202.1
200.9
188.6
190.9
52.7
45.7
48.4
52.0
43.3
43.8
49.7
49.2
48.7
50.5
51.7
97.6
92.8
93.8
95.6
93.7
99.0
97.3
95.0
97.0
93.6
94.8
3023.5 3017.7 3022.2 2839.8 2952.6 2937.9 2936.3 2900.6 2838.3 2846.6 2867.1
270.7
194.2
208.2
215.9
223.5
224.6
234.6
235.2
246.0
261.9
262.8
26.4
21.7
22.8
23.3
22.3
23.8
24.3
25.2
25.2
24.5
26.0
41.7
28.9
28.8
30.5
31.6
34.0
35.4
41.0
39.5
37.6
41.5
49.2
21.9
26.4
23.6
24.8
33.3
25.7
29.3
43.4
42.5
50.2
266.5
164.5
171.4
186.9
196.5
216.1
222.2
235.7
237.4
252.1
260.8
113.8
66.2
73.1
84.0
82.6
86.2
91.5
95.8
97.2
99.5
108.6
126.8
94.8
94.8
103.5
109.0
116.2
116.6
118.7
123.6
121.9
124.7
895.1
592.2
625.6
667.6
690.3
734.2
750.3
780.8
812.4
840.0
874.6
55.1
33.8
35.6
37.7
39.9
38.9
41.3
45.1
47.8
51.6
55.1
91.0
65.4
69.6
73.6
76.5
80.7
82.1
86.5
85.7
85.4
86.7
122.3
113.2
115.4
124.4
124.3
125.3
123.6
121.9
123.6
125.2
120.1
171.8
122.3
127.4
133.8
132.7
144.1
141.1
149.3
158.3
165.6
171.7
440.1
334.8
347.9
369.5
373.4
388.9
388.0
402.9
415.4
427.9
433.5
138.0
123.4
125.1
127.4
127.4
126.1
131.7
130.3
131.2
132.6
138.5
32.4
18.0
18.8
19.9
21.9
22.9
24.3
26.5
27.0
28.2
31.3
1974.7 2147.8 2229.0 2328.1 2491.1 2690.3 2797.4 2905.3 2970.6 3005.9 3053.0
28.6
24.7
26.3
24.6
26.8
27.5
28.1
27.0
27.8
27.1
27.9
723.9
414.0
450.2
475.7
513.2
537.1
568.7
598.3
621.5
663.6
685.1
175.0
123.9
132.9
131.3
136.0
149.3
162.8
170.5
174.2
162.9
164.8
445.3
520.4
516.0
509.3
467.2
496.0
470.4
467.7
464.0
452.3
445.8
99.5
69.4
72.9
76.3
73.6
72.4
79.8
83.2
89.2
91.5
93.8
21.4
19.0
19.0
19.2
19.1
19.7
19.6
19.7
19.9
20.9
21.0
83.2
64.9
68.7
69.2
70.1
70.5
70.6
71.4
71.7
73.5
77.1
42.1
25.6
26.7
27.6
28.0
28.8
29.5
30.5
32.5
34.4
37.7
84.1
52.3
56.1
59.8
64.3
69.0
71.7
72.0
74.1
76.2
81.0
286.2
222.9
231.9
236.4
237.3
255.0
268.9
271.8
272.2
274.9
280.2
112.1
105.6
110.3
104.2
102.4
108.6
108.7
108.4
109.9
112.1
111.1
123.8
87.2
92.1
93.3
95.9
102.4
106.4
113.7
115.7
119.1
121.8
64.8
28.1
30.6
38.2
39.3
44.3
50.3
52.5
54.8
59.8
63.7
66.3
50.1
49.3
50.7
51.4
53.9
53.3
54.3
54.1
57.5
60.7
3924.3 4175.0 4292.1 4402.2 4674.7 4935.1 5095.5 5245.0 5357.2 5447.4 5579.7
11266.7 11626.6 11783.8 11601.5 12170.0 12455.3 12620.7 12866.0 12988.8 13105.0 13276.3
5677.4 5713.2 5662.2 5391.6 5593.8 5536.3 5481.8 5540.4 5497.6 5505.5 5529.1
5589.3 5913.4 6121.7 6209.9 6576.2 6919.0 7138.9 7325.6 7491.3 7599.5 7747.2
1830.2 1804.2 1796.7 1691.3 1754.5 1695.9 1681.2 1669.3 1605.0 1626.7 1642.0
965.6
983.6
994.6 1002.1
926.8
969.5 1010.6 1014.6
991.9
993.2
967.4
-0.4%
0.3%
-1.5%
-0.4%
-0.1%
-1.8%
2.0%
-0.3%
0.2%
1.2%
-0.2%
2.5%
3.7%
2.4%
4.2%
4.7%
5.7%
2.8%
1.1%
1.2%
2.8%
-0.6%
0.5%
-1.0%
-1.3%
-0.3%
-0.9%
-1.5%
-1.2%
-0.9%
-0.4%
-2.2%
-2.0%
-0.9%
-2.1%
3.5%
-3.7%
-1.6%
0.3%
0.3%
-0.3%
-1.8%
0.5%
-1.9%
-1.2%
-0.5%
0.2%
4.4%
5.4%
-4.7%
-1.8%
1.1%
0.6%
-0.4%
4.0%
1.9%
3.1%
9.5%
5.1%
5.6%
2.9%
4.5%
5.4%
3.4%
0.8%
3.5%
2.8%
1.8%
6.3%
5.3%
1.8%
5.7%
3.0%
-1.6%
3.3%
1.1%
2.3%
3.6%
5.5%
2.4%
0.7%
3.5%
7.5%
2.4%
3.9%
1.8%
-0.3%
3.7%
-1.1%
0.2%
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
*In this review, primary energy comprises commercially-traded fuels, including modern renewables used to generate electricity.
◆Less
than 0.05%.
Notes: Oil consumption is measured in million tonnes; other fuels in million tonnes of oil equivalent.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
8
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
2014
2015
◆
-1.3%
6.3%
-10.7%
-5.5%
3.3%
-1.0%
3.3%
-0.4%
5.4%
8.1%
-5.2%
-1.0%
1.1%
1.4%
-1.7%
1.2%
-2.2%
3.2%
4.1%
0.7%
0.3%
0.9%
2.6%
2.7%
3.2%
5.5%
1.2%
-1.4%
1.4%
0.2%
-1.7%
-5.5%
4.2%
0.2%
3.4%
-1.7%
1.5%
2.6%
0.4%
2.7%
1.5%
0.3%
-2.3%
1.9%
4.5%
1.4%
2.1%
-0.3%
4.7%
1.5%
-0.2%
1.2%
-0.6%
3.2%
1.3%
2.3%
5.4%
5.9%
-0.4%
5.7%
1.8%
7.6%
11.3%
3.5%
1.9%
0.6%
1.4%
1.5%
8.9%
2.1%
1.0%
0.2%
1.7%
0.7%
-0.5%
Share
2016
17.1%
2.5%
1.4%
21.0%
0.7%
2.2%
0.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.6%
0.8%
5.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
0.5%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
1.8%
2.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
1.1%
0.5%
◆
0.6%
0.4%
0.7%
0.2%
0.2%
5.1%
0.1%
1.0%
0.4%
0.2%
1.0%
0.3%
0.7%
1.4%
0.4%
0.7%
21.6%
2.0%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
2.0%
0.9%
1.0%
6.7%
0.4%
0.7%
0.9%
1.3%
3.3%
1.0%
0.2%
23.0%
0.2%
5.5%
1.3%
3.4%
0.7%
0.2%
0.6%
0.3%
0.6%
2.2%
0.8%
0.9%
0.5%
0.5%
42.0%
100.0%
41.6%
58.4%
12.4%
7.3%
Primary energy: Consumption by fuel*
2015
Million tonnes oil equivalent
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
Oil
Natural
gas
Coal
856.5
99.1
84.4
1040.0
32.2
146.6
17.6
15.6
11.8
10.7
2.2
30.2
67.5
334.4
12.5
4.5
7.7
31.0
4.4
8.9
8.0
8.7
76.8
110.0
14.9
7.0
6.8
57.6
13.2
2.8
38.7
10.3
24.9
11.5
9.2
144.2
3.7
61.2
14.1
10.7
38.9
6.6
9.2
71.8
2.7
33.3
865.9
84.5
11.4
22.3
10.7
166.6
40.9
76.5
412.8
19.5
39.6
27.9
95.1
182.1
47.9
6.2
561.8
18.3
195.8
71.8
189.0
35.5
7.5
24.6
18.3
69.4
113.8
46.5
57.3
18.8
23.2
1505.8
4341.0
2062.4
2278.5
600.6
191.6
710.5
92.2
78.4
881.2
43.4
37.5
3.7
9.6
0.6
6.4
19.4
31.1
6.6
158.3
7.5
9.6
14.0
13.6
2.6
6.5
2.8
2.0
35.1
66.2
2.5
7.5
3.8
55.3
11.6
2.1
28.3
4.4
14.7
4.3
9.0
362.5
3.9
24.6
0.8
2.6
39.2
26.5
25.9
61.3
45.2
13.6
909.2
171.7
7.6
19.2
39.5
94.0
66.4
45.9
444.3
35.5
43.0
4.6
39.2
122.2
38.6
24.2
175.3
2.9
41.2
36.4
102.1
37.6
4.0
39.2
3.0
11.0
39.3
16.5
43.8
9.6
7.0
631.6
3146.7
1464.9
1681.8
359.2
499.8
391.8
19.6
12.7
424.2
1.4
17.7
7.3
5.3
–
0.8
–
0.2
3.2
35.9
3.2
†
0.7
3.2
6.6
16.6
1.7
3.8
8.4
78.5
5.6
2.4
2.2
12.3
35.8
0.2
11.0
0.8
48.7
3.3
5.9
92.2
3.3
13.7
2.1
0.1
34.7
–
27.3
23.0
1.1
23.0
471.3
1.6
6.7
–
–
0.1
1.3
0.5
10.2
0.1
0.4
83.4
11.4
95.3
44.1
0.7
1913.6
6.7
396.6
51.2
119.9
16.9
1.4
4.7
11.6
0.4
85.5
37.8
17.6
22.3
16.9
2747.7
3784.7
972.7
2812.0
261.1
158.9
2016
Nuclear
Hydroenergy electricity
189.9
22.8
2.6
215.3
1.6
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
–
–
–
5.9
3.5
6.1
–
5.3
99.0
20.8
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
2.6
44.2
3.4
13.0
12.8
5.3
–
–
19.8
15.9
–
1.9
263.9
0.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.8
–
–
2.8
–
2.8
–
–
38.6
–
8.7
–
1.0
–
–
1.1
–
–
37.3
8.3
–
–
–
95.0
582.7
446.7
136.0
194.0
64.7
55.8
85.4
7.0
148.2
9.6
81.4
5.4
10.1
3.0
5.4
–
17.3
20.8
152.9
8.4
0.4
†
0.1
1.3
0.4
†
3.8
12.3
4.3
1.4
0.1
0.2
10.3
2.1
0.1
†
31.1
0.4
2.0
3.8
38.5
0.9
6.3
17.0
8.5
15.2
–
1.2
1.4
2.7
20.7
194.7
4.1
†
–
–
–
–
1.8
5.9
†
3.2
0.2
23.5
26.9
3.2
0.2
252.2
–
30.2
3.1
19.0
3.5
5.6
7.3
2.0
–
0.5
1.0
0.9
12.9
13.3
354.7
883.2
309.9
573.4
77.2
51.7
Renewables
Total
Oil
Natural
gas
71.5 2275.9
8.5
327.7
3.7
188.8
83.6 2792.4
0.6
88.7
16.0
302.6
1.9
35.9
0.4
41.0
0.1
15.5
0.4
23.7
†
21.6
†
78.8
4.5
102.6
24.0
710.4
2.3
33.9
†
14.5
†
22.4
3.2
56.9
0.7
19.0
1.7
40.2
4.3
16.9
3.1
26.7
7.9
239.4
38.1
317.8
2.0
26.4
0.7
21.2
1.6
14.5
14.3
149.9
†
62.7
0.3
5.4
3.1
82.1
0.6
47.2
4.7
93.4
3.6
24.6
2.2
32.6
0.2
681.7
0.5
15.7
15.6
134.4
6.1
52.9
0.7
27.9
3.9
131.9
†
33.1
0.4
83.9
17.5
190.9
†
51.7
2.3
94.8
141.6 2846.6
0.1
262.8
0.3
26.0
†
41.5
†
50.2
†
260.8
0.1
108.6
0.1
124.7
0.5
874.6
†
55.1
0.4
86.7
1.4
120.1
2.4
171.7
4.2
433.5
4.8
138.5
†
31.3
64.4 3005.9
†
27.9
12.7
685.1
2.4
164.8
14.8
445.8
0.3
93.8
2.4
21.0
0.3
77.1
2.8
37.7
0.2
81.0
3.9
280.2
1.0
111.1
2.3
121.8
†
63.7
0.3
60.7
112.7 5447.4
366.7 13105.0
248.9 5505.5
117.8 7599.5
134.6 1626.7
0.6
967.4
863.1
100.9
82.8
1046.9
31.9
138.8
17.8
15.9
11.0
11.4
2.2
28.7
68.5
326.2
12.7
4.6
7.5
31.8
4.5
8.4
8.0
9.0
76.4
113.0
15.4
7.1
7.0
58.1
13.2
3.0
39.9
10.4
27.2
11.2
9.5
148.0
4.0
62.5
14.7
10.2
41.2
6.7
9.1
73.1
2.8
34.5
884.6
83.8
11.6
22.0
11.7
167.9
43.5
77.3
417.8
18.9
40.6
26.9
98.9
185.4
47.8
6.6
578.7
18.9
212.7
72.6
184.3
36.3
7.7
27.5
19.9
72.2
122.1
46.7
59.0
20.1
24.4
1557.3
4418.2
2086.8
2331.4
613.3
195.5
716.3
89.9
80.6
886.8
44.6
32.9
4.1
9.5
0.6
7.1
17.2
32.0
6.7
154.7
7.9
9.4
15.3
13.9
2.7
7.0
2.9
1.8
38.3
72.4
2.6
8.0
4.3
58.1
12.0
1.8
30.2
4.4
15.6
4.6
9.5
351.8
4.0
25.2
0.8
2.7
37.9
26.6
26.1
69.0
46.2
13.9
926.9
180.7
8.7
19.7
37.5
98.4
69.0
47.1
461.1
36.0
46.1
4.6
37.6
124.3
37.0
24.8
189.3
3.0
45.1
33.9
100.1
38.7
4.2
40.9
3.4
11.3
40.9
17.2
43.5
9.6
7.2
650.3
3204.1
1495.2
1708.9
385.9
492.0
Coal
358.4
18.7
9.8
386.9
1.1
16.5
8.2
4.6
–
0.8
–
0.1
3.4
34.7
3.2
†
0.8
3.0
5.7
16.9
2.1
4.1
8.3
75.3
4.7
2.3
2.2
10.9
35.6
0.2
10.3
0.8
48.8
2.9
5.4
87.3
3.1
10.4
2.2
0.1
38.4
–
31.5
11.0
1.0
23.0
451.6
1.7
5.7
–
–
0.1
1.3
0.5
9.3
0.1
0.4
85.1
10.3
95.9
43.8
0.8
1887.6
6.7
411.9
62.7
119.9
19.9
1.2
5.4
13.5
0.4
81.6
38.6
17.7
21.3
20.6
2753.6
3732.0
913.3
2818.7
238.4
157.9
Nuclear
Hydroenergy electricity
191.8
23.2
2.4
217.4
1.9
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.5
–
–
–
9.8
3.6
5.5
–
5.3
91.2
19.1
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
2.6
44.5
3.3
13.3
14.2
4.8
–
–
18.3
16.2
–
1.8
258.2
1.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.4
–
–
3.6
–
3.6
–
–
48.2
–
8.6
–
4.0
–
–
1.3
–
–
36.7
7.2
–
–
–
105.9
592.1
446.8
145.2
190.0
63.3
59.2
87.8
6.8
153.9
8.7
86.9
4.4
10.6
3.5
5.4
–
13.9
22.5
156.0
9.0
0.4
†
0.1
0.9
0.5
†
3.6
13.5
4.8
1.2
0.1
0.2
9.3
2.1
0.1
†
32.4
0.5
3.6
4.1
42.2
1.0
8.1
14.1
7.8
15.2
–
1.6
1.2
2.7
21.7
201.8
2.9
†
–
–
–
–
1.8
4.7
†
3.2
0.2
22.4
25.8
4.0
0.2
263.1
–
29.1
3.3
18.1
4.2
5.9
7.7
2.1
–
0.6
1.5
0.8
13.7
13.8
368.1
910.3
316.8
593.4
78.7
56.2
Renewables
Total
83.8 2272.7
329.7
9.2
186.5
4.1
97.1 2788.9
88.9
0.7
297.8
19.0
36.8
2.3
41.1
0.5
15.3
0.1
25.3
0.6
19.4
†
74.6
†
106.2
5.1
705.3
28.2
35.1
2.4
14.5
†
23.7
0.1
61.7
3.2
18.1
0.7
39.9
1.7
17.1
4.1
27.1
3.4
235.9
8.2
322.5
37.9
25.9
2.1
21.9
0.8
15.2
1.5
151.3
15.0
63.0
0.1
5.5
0.4
84.5
3.1
48.6
0.5
96.7
4.6
26.0
3.7
33.1
2.0
673.9
0.2
15.9
0.5
135.0
15.5
52.2
6.1
26.4
0.8
137.9
5.2
33.2
†
87.0
0.3
188.1
17.5
52.7
†
97.6
2.5
144.0 2867.1
270.7
0.1
26.4
0.4
41.7
†
49.2
†
266.5
†
113.8
0.1
126.8
0.2
895.1
0.7
55.1
0.1
91.0
0.6
122.3
1.8
171.8
2.6
440.1
5.0
138.0
5.4
32.4
†
86.1 3053.0
28.6
†
723.9
16.5
175.0
2.6
445.3
18.8
99.5
0.3
21.4
2.4
83.2
0.4
42.1
3.1
84.1
0.2
286.2
4.3
112.1
1.0
123.8
2.8
64.8
0.1
66.3
0.3
144.5 5579.7
419.6 13276.3
270.1 5529.1
149.5 7747.2
135.6 1642.0
965.6
0.7
*In this review, primary energy comprises commercially-traded fuels, including modern renewables used to generate electricity.
†Less than 0.05.
Note: Oil consumption is measured in million tonnes; other fuels in million tonnes of oil equivalent. BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
9
World consumption
Million tonnes oil equivalent
14000
Coal
Renewables
Hydroelectricity
Nuclear energy
Natural gas
Oil
13000
12000
11000
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0
World primary energy consumption grew by 1.0% in 2016, well below the 10-year average of 1.8% and the third consecutive year at or below 1%. As was the case in
2015, growth was below average in all regions except Europe & Eurasia. All fuels except oil and nuclear power grew at below-average rates. Oil provided the largest
increment to energy consumption at 77 million tonnes of oil equivalent (mtoe), followed by natural gas (57 mtoe) and renewable power (53 mtoe).
Regional consumption by fuel 2016
Percentage
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
North America
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Middle East
Africa
Asia Pacific
Oil remains the dominant fuel in Africa and the Americas, while natural gas dominates in Europe & Eurasia and the Middle East. Coal is the dominant fuel in the Asia
Pacific region, accounting for 49% of regional energy consumption. In 2016, coal’s share of primary energy fell to its lowest level in our data series in North America,
Europe & Eurasia and Africa.
10
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
0
Fuel consumption by region 2016
Percentage
Asia Pacific
Africa
Middle East
Europe & Eurasia
S. & Cent. America
North America
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Oil
Natural gas
Coal
Nuclear energy
Hydroelectricity
Renewables
0
Asia is the leading consumer of oil, coal, hydroelectricity and for the first time in 2016, the leading consumer of renewables in power generation, overtaking Europe &
Eurasia. Europe & Eurasia remains the leading consumer of natural gas and nuclear power. Asia dominates global coal consumption, accounting for almost three quarters
of global consumption (73.8%).
Shares of global primary energy consumption
Percentage
50
Hydroelectricity
Nuclear energy
Renewables
Oil
Coal
Natural gas
40
30
20
10
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
0
Oil remains the world’s dominant fuel, making up roughly a third of all energy consumed. In 2016 oil gained global market share for the second year in a row, following
15 years of declines from 1999 to 2014. Coal’s market share fell to 28.1%, the lowest level since 2004. Renewables in power generation accounted for a record 3.2%
of global primary energy consumption.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
11
Oil
Total proved reserves
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Azerbaijan
Denmark
Italy
Kazakhstan
Norway
Romania
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Angola
Chad
Republic of Congo
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Libya
Nigeria
South Sudan
Sudan
Tunisia
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Brunei
China
India
Indonesia
Malaysia
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
OPEC
Non-OPEC
European Union#
CIS
Canadian oil sands: Total
of which: Under active development
Venezuela: Orinoco Belt
At end 1996
Thousand
million
barrels
At end 2006
Thousand
million
barrels
At end 2015
Thousand
million
barrels
Thousand
million
barrels
29.8
48.9
48.5
127.3
2.6
6.7
2.8
3.5
0.8
0.7
72.7
1.0
90.7
1.2
0.9
0.8
5.3
11.7
1.0
113.6
0.5
5.0
0.6
2.4
142.8
92.6
112.0
96.5
5.3
3.7
261.4
2.5
97.8
2.0
0.2
674.0
10.8
3.7
–
1.6
3.8
0.6
2.8
29.5
20.8
n/a
0.3
0.3
0.7
74.9
3.8
1.1
16.4
5.5
4.7
5.0
0.2
0.9
1.3
39.0
1148.8
151.0
997.8
805.0
343.8
8.7
121.9
42.1
4.2
–
29.4
179.4
12.8
221.7
2.6
12.2
1.5
4.5
1.1
0.8
87.3
0.8
110.8
7.0
1.2
0.5
9.0
8.5
0.5
104.0
0.6
3.6
0.6
2.2
137.6
138.4
115.0
101.5
5.6
27.4
264.3
3.0
97.8
2.8
0.1
755.9
12.3
9.0
1.5
1.6
3.7
1.8
2.2
41.5
37.2
n/a
5.0
0.6
0.7
116.9
3.5
1.2
20.2
5.7
4.4
5.4
0.5
3.3
1.4
45.5
1388.3
240.2
1148.1
936.1
452.2
6.6
121.9
173.1
21.0
7.6
48.0
171.5
8.0
227.5
2.4
13.0
2.3
8.0
1.2
0.7
300.9
0.5
329.0
7.0
0.5
0.6
30.0
8.0
0.6
102.4
0.6
2.5
0.6
2.1
154.9
158.4
142.5
101.5
5.3
25.2
266.6
2.5
97.8
3.0
0.2
803.0
12.2
11.8
1.5
1.6
3.5
1.1
2.0
48.4
37.1
3.5
1.5
0.4
3.7
128.2
4.0
1.1
25.7
4.8
3.6
3.6
0.4
4.4
1.3
48.8
1691.5
244.5
1447.0
1210.3
481.1
5.2
141.1
165.3
24.0
222.3
48.0
171.5
8.0
227.5
2.4
12.6
2.0
8.0
1.2
0.2
300.9
0.5
327.9
7.0
0.4
0.5
30.0
7.6
0.6
109.5
0.6
2.5
0.6
2.1
161.5
158.4
153.0
101.5
5.4
25.2
266.5
2.5
97.8
3.0
0.2
813.5
12.2
11.6
1.5
1.6
3.5
1.1
2.0
48.4
37.1
3.5
1.5
0.4
3.7
128.0
4.0
1.1
25.7
4.7
3.3
3.6
0.4
4.4
1.3
48.4
1706.7
244.0
1462.7
1220.5
486.2
5.1
148.2
165.3
24.0
222.3
At end 2016
Thousand
million
Share
tonnes
of total
5.8
27.6
1.1
34.5
0.3
1.8
0.3
1.2
0.1
†
47.0
0.1
50.8
1.0
0.1
0.1
3.9
0.9
0.1
15.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.3
21.8
21.8
20.6
14.0
0.7
2.6
36.6
0.3
13.0
0.4
†
110.1
1.5
1.6
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.3
6.3
5.0
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.5
16.9
0.4
0.1
3.5
0.6
0.5
0.5
†
0.6
0.2
6.4
240.7
36.6
204.1
171.2
69.6
0.7
20.1
26.9
3.9
35.7
2.8%
10.0%
0.5%
13.3%
0.1%
0.7%
0.1%
0.5%
0.1%
◆
17.6%
◆
19.2%
0.4%
◆
◆
1.8%
0.4%
◆
6.4%
◆
0.1%
◆
0.1%
9.5%
9.3%
9.0%
5.9%
0.3%
1.5%
15.6%
0.1%
5.7%
0.2%
◆
47.7%
0.7%
0.7%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
2.8%
2.2%
0.2%
0.1%
◆
0.2%
7.5%
0.2%
0.1%
1.5%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
◆
0.3%
0.1%
2.8%
100.0%
14.3%
85.7%
71.5%
28.5%
0.3%
8.7%
R/P
ratio
10.6
105.1
8.9
32.3
10.6
13.3
5.9
40.1
24.0
6.9
341.1
10.3
119.9
23.1
8.5
18.8
49.0
10.4
20.7
26.6
6.3
6.9
29.3
15.6
24.9
94.1
93.6
88.0
14.6
36.3
59.0
273.2
65.6
*
2.6
69.9
21.1
17.5
56.1
18.4
13.7
10.7
24.1
310.1
49.3
80.9
39.6
18.4
43.2
44.3
30.3
24.9
17.5
14.9
10.3
14.0
2.3
36.2
12.5
16.5
50.6
28.8
57.9
84.7
25.2
9.3
28.6
*More than 500 years.
†Less than 0.05.
Less than 0.05%.
n/a not available.
#Excludes Estonia and Latvia in 2006.
Notes: Total proved reserves of oil – Generally taken to be those quantities that geological and engineering information indicates with reasonable certainty can be recovered in the future from
known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The data series for total proved oil does not necessarily meet the definitions, guidelines and practices used for determining
proved reserves at company level, for instance as published by the US Securities and Exchange Commission, nor does it necessarily represent BP’s view of proved reserves by country.
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratio – If the reserves remaining at the end of any year are divided by the production in that year, the result is the length of time that those remaining reserves
would last if production were to continue at that rate.
Source of data – The estimates in this table have been compiled using a combination of primary official sources, third-party data from the OPEC Secretariat, World Oil, Oil & Gas Journal and
independent estimates of Russian reserves based on official data and Chinese reserves based on information in the public domain.
Canadian oil sands ‘under active development’ are an official estimate. Venezuelan Orinoco Belt reserves are based on the OPEC Secretariat and government announcements.
Reserves include gas condensate and natural gas liquids (NGLs) as well as crude oil.
Shares of total and R/P ratios are calculated using thousand million barrels figures.
◆
12
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios
Years
2016 by region
History
150
160
North America
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Middle East
Africa
Asia Pacific
World
120
140
120
100
90
80
60
60
40
30
20
North
America
S. & Cent.
America
Europe &
Eurasia
Middle
East
Africa
Asia
Pacific
0
86
91
96
01
06
11
16
0
Global proved oil reserves in 2016 rose by 15 billion barrels (0.9%) to 1707 billion barrels, which would be sufficient to meet 50.6 years of global production at 2016 levels.
The increase came largely from Iraq (10 billion barrels) and Russia (7 billion barrels), with small declines (<1 billion barrels) spread across a number of countries and regions.
OPEC countries currently hold 71.5% of global proved reserves.
N.B. lags in reporting official data mean that 2016 figures for many countries are not yet available.
Distribution of proved reserves in 1996, 2006 and 2016
Percentage
Middle East
S. & Cent. America
North America
Europe & Eurasia
Africa
Asia Pacific
2.8
47.7
7.5
3.3 54.4
9.5
8.4
6.5
12.4
3.4 58.7
2006
Total 1388.3
thousand million
barrels
1996
Total 1148.8
thousand million
barrels
11.1
2016
Total 1706.7
thousand million
barrels
9.9
13.3
16.0
7.9
8.0
19.2
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
13
Oil: Production in thousands of barrels per day*
Growth rate per annum
Thousand barrels daily
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Azerbaijan
Denmark
Italy
Kazakhstan
Norway
Romania
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Angola
Chad
Republic of Congo
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Libya
Nigeria
South Sudan
Sudan
Tunisia
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Brunei
China
India
Indonesia
Malaysia
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
OPEC
Non-OPEC
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
6825
3208
3689
13722
852
1806
529
538
118
177
3340
138
7498
646
346
120
1370
2772
105
9819
187
1659
114
445
17582
4293
1999
2735
738
1241
10671
421
3098
387
182
25765
1979
1432
153
278
679
342
242
1815
2433
n/a
356
77
227
10014
532
221
3711
760
1018
713
326
354
304
7938
82519
19447
63072
35574
46945
2464
12281
6860
3290
3479
13628
815
1831
531
513
117
154
3233
139
7334
856
311
122
1415
2551
100
10044
199
1651
104
442
17795
4359
2143
2660
710
1267
10268
404
3002
341
194
25348
1992
1699
144
224
698
350
246
1820
2314
n/a
483
106
191
10268
549
194
3742
768
972
742
343
334
319
7962
82334
19131
63203
35269
47065
2418
12761
6784
3207
3165
13156
803
1897
588
507
122
152
3222
138
7430
895
287
108
1485
2466
99
9951
211
1549
102
420
17574
4421
2428
2784
757
1438
10663
406
3027
315
193
26430
1969
1916
127
237
715
347
240
1820
2109
n/a
457
98
184
10218
538
175
3814
803
1006
741
360
309
340
8086
82894
18425
64469
36303
46591
2258
12783
7263
3202
2978
13444
729
2029
671
488
147
151
3042
129
7384
1014
265
95
1609
2349
94
10140
214
1469
95
409
17754
4292
2452
2498
813
1421
9663
401
2725
307
192
24765
1775
1804
118
276
730
307
241
1651
2185
n/a
475
93
181
9838
507
168
3805
816
994
701
374
341
330
8038
81222
18432
62790
33997
47225
2119
13215
7549
3332
2959
13841
715
2137
786
488
158
145
2842
134
7404
1023
249
106
1676
2136
90
10367
220
1356
78
394
17694
4417
2490
2560
865
1638
10075
385
2895
306
192
25822
1689
1863
122
314
725
274
249
1658
2471
n/a
462
85
152
10065
548
172
4077
882
1003
717
389
322
315
8426
83251
18527
64724
35086
48166
1981
13496
7862
3515
2940
14317
660
2179
915
501
153
137
2755
137
7436
919
225
110
1684
2040
89
10519
220
1112
77
394
17387
4465
2801
2913
885
1834
11144
353
3320
219
201
28136
1642
1726
114
301
714
252
251
479
2408
n/a
291
78
209
8464
483
165
4074
916
952
650
419
326
299
8285
84026
18574
65452
35988
48038
1720
13544
8894
3740
2911
15545
664
2145
944
505
154
117
2704
143
7376
872
204
112
1664
1917
83
10642
229
946
68
390
17127
3819
3116
3169
918
1931
11635
171
3401
174
184
28518
1537
1784
101
281
715
272
253
1510
2370
31
103
84
205
9247
479
159
4155
906
918
654
458
357
287
8372
86183
19482
66701
37480
48703
1526
13597
10073
4000
2875
16948
655
2110
1004
527
167
115
2680
148
7407
877
178
116
1737
1838
86
10780
240
864
61
397
17174
3615
3141
3129
942
1906
11393
59
3627
193
209
28213
1485
1799
83
250
710
267
232
988
2270
100
118
78
231
8612
407
135
4216
906
882
621
452
361
272
8252
86606
20635
65971
36561
50045
1434
13810
11779
4271
2784
18833
641
2341
990
557
169
114
2692
154
7659
849
167
121
1710
1889
84
10838
249
852
59
388
17206
3725
3285
3101
943
1886
11505
33
3674
147
214
28515
1589
1712
82
266
714
281
232
498
2347
155
120
73
236
8307
436
126
4246
887
852
645
450
373
291
8307
88826
22588
66238
36573
52254
1412
13810
12757
4389
2587
19733
641
2525
1006
543
145
109
2644
149
7761
840
158
115
1695
1948
83
10981
261
963
57
379
17479
3897
4031
3068
981
1890
11986
27
3928
44
213
30065
1558
1826
73
257
726
289
230
432
2329
148
109
65
255
8297
393
127
4309
876
841
699
468
362
295
8369
91704
23596
68108
38133
53572
1506
13932
12354
4460
2456
19270
619
2605
924
545
135
96
2410
138
7474
826
142
79
1672
1995
79
11227
261
1013
55
367
17716
4600
4465
3151
1004
1899
12349
25
4073
16
205
31789
1579
1807
73
238
691
280
227
426
2053
118
104
63
233
7892
359
121
3999
856
881
705
479
333
278
8010
92150
23122
69028
39358
52792
1488
14141
-3.2%
1.6%
-5.1%
-2.3%
-3.3%
3.2%
-8.1%
0.4%
-6.6%
-11.2%
-8.9%
-7.5%
-3.7%
-1.6%
-10.2%
-31.3%
-1.4%
2.4%
-5.0%
2.2%
6.3%
3.7%
-3.7%
3.7%
-2.7%
4.0%
6.7%
0.2%
2.6%
-4.4%
-2.2%
0.3%
0.6%
6.6%
-8.4%
-1.0%
2.7%
-4.1%
-3.1%
1.4%
3.1%
-6.2%
-6.7%
-1.8%
◆
5.1%
-3.1%
-3.0%
1.4%
18.0%
10.8%
2.7%
2.4%
0.5%
3.0%
-7.4%
3.7%
-62.7%
-3.8%
5.7%
1.4%
-1.1%
0.6%
-7.6%
-4.8%
-3.1%
-1.1%
-1.4%
-11.9%
-20.0%
-5.0%
-3.3%
-8.7%
-4.9%
-8.7%
-4.6%
-7.2%
-2.3%
4.8%
0.9%
2.5%
-8.1%
-5.9%
-4.3%
0.5%
-2.0%
1.4%
3.2%
-1.5%
-1.2%
1.5%
◆
-0.8%
8.2%
1.4%
2.4%
5.1%
0.9%
-24.5%
3.0%
-20.3%
1.4%
1.6%
-2.4%
3.6%
-8.3%
0.4%
0.8%
-2.1%
-1.6%
-13.0%
-0.8%
n/a
-9.4%
-2.0%
3.7%
-1.7%
-3.6%
-4.7%
1.7%
1.7%
-2.6%
-0.8%
4.5%
-0.7%
0.4%
0.5%
1.1%
1.7%
0.9%
0.8%
1.4%
-5.7%
1.7%
Share
2016
13.4%
4.8%
2.7%
20.9%
0.7%
2.8%
1.0%
0.6%
0.1%
0.1%
2.6%
0.2%
8.1%
0.9%
0.2%
0.1%
1.8%
2.2%
0.1%
12.2%
0.3%
1.1%
0.1%
0.4%
19.2%
5.0%
4.8%
3.4%
1.1%
2.1%
13.4%
◆
4.4%
◆
0.2%
34.5%
1.7%
2.0%
0.1%
0.3%
0.8%
0.3%
0.2%
0.5%
2.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
8.6%
0.4%
0.1%
4.3%
0.9%
1.0%
0.8%
0.5%
0.4%
0.3%
8.7%
100.0%
25.1%
74.9%
42.7%
57.3%
1.6%
15.3%
*Includes crude oil, shale oil, oil sands and NGLs (natural gas liquids – the liquid content of natural gas where this is recovered separately). Excludes liquid fuels from other sources such as biomass
and derivatives of coal and natural gas.
Less than 0.05%.
n/a not available.
Note: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
◆
14
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Oil: Consumption in thousands of barrels per day*
Growth rate per annum
Thousand barrels daily
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
20687
2275
2019
24982
474
2155
293
237
180
147
38
668
1363
5554
291
96
176
685
105
207
190
223
1942
2609
434
168
191
1791
221
58
1047
229
512
302
214
2762
72
1592
358
266
681
105
308
1813
103
699
20452
1851
248
378
137
2274
539
1299
6726
258
601
528
1526
2912
936
81
7432
309
2737
1244
5174
660
152
354
283
848
2320
1051
996
254
322
25152
85777
49874
35903
15165
3819
20680
2342
2067
25089
528
2313
377
234
183
153
43
640
1361
5831
276
91
162
700
103
205
191
226
1911
2380
435
168
195
1740
242
58
1065
237
531
307
218
2780
76
1613
357
241
695
111
308
1752
94
730
20202
1879
262
383
148
2407
576
1294
6949
286
642
539
1575
3042
935
76
7808
329
2941
1318
5013
701
154
384
295
921
2399
1110
1030
283
350
26047
87161
49697
37464
14878
3845
19490
2295
2054
23840
540
2485
390
251
188
172
45
716
1313
6100
274
74
159
731
102
209
188
223
1889
2502
414
164
187
1661
241
63
991
228
549
291
216
2861
82
1558
350
256
686
114
299
1720
93
737
20110
1954
254
406
177
2622
603
1402
7418
309
686
511
1697
3203
944
77
7941
298
3077
1287
4846
672
154
389
283
973
2308
1005
1018
300
333
25907
86578
48059
38519
14737
3901
18771
2173
1996
22940
532
2502
383
232
191
178
44
726
1306
6094
264
73
182
654
91
204
169
212
1822
2409
398
154
166
1563
199
54
971
237
549
273
195
2775
79
1473
323
260
709
106
282
1646
89
720
19300
1950
232
455
173
2914
595
1461
7779
327
725
507
1758
3316
950
72
8278
339
3237
1317
4387
679
148
415
300
1049
2339
1020
1065
313
355
26262
85691
46068
39623
14023
3770
19180
2305
2014
23499
594
2721
343
258
220
189
45
725
1330
6424
276
71
150
678
81
195
171
222
1763
2445
369
146
158
1532
211
55
977
235
576
271
184
2878
82
1446
336
242
694
118
267
1623
76
714
19244
1817
241
470
191
3218
643
1522
8102
327
766
539
1852
3483
957
80
9436
359
3319
1411
4442
690
150
411
313
1157
2370
1045
1122
337
369
27969
88722
46596
42126
13942
3835
18882
2380
2043
23305
609
2839
371
277
226
208
42
737
1357
6666
262
89
175
637
79
193
168
204
1730
2369
348
139
143
1475
244
53
971
239
574
255
191
3074
81
1378
312
235
673
125
278
1590
71
710
19064
1844
254
464
246
3295
721
1558
8382
350
720
542
1781
3393
1006
104
9796
361
3488
1589
4442
726
150
414
298
1208
2394
983
1185
366
409
28920
89729
46054
43676
13499
4120
18490
2340
2063
22894
636
2901
376
297
233
213
40
792
1339
6826
259
92
211
622
82
192
158
193
1676
2356
312
129
135
1346
245
55
926
235
553
230
191
3119
74
1291
309
238
680
129
267
1533
63
692
18594
1854
295
541
257
3462
765
1586
8760
370
747
554
1900
3571
1036
110
10230
344
3685
1625
4702
760
148
402
309
1202
2458
983
1250
369
416
30031
90675
45512
45163
12955
4205
18961
2383
2020
23364
683
3110
362
298
247
227
45
782
1319
7073
264
101
145
636
76
184
158
191
1664
2408
295
129
137
1260
260
53
898
243
520
239
174
3135
75
1195
306
249
718
137
257
1518
60
683
18370
2014
247
512
287
3470
774
1646
8950
387
756
569
2007
3720
1046
107
10734
352
3727
1639
4516
803
151
442
322
1225
2455
1010
1298
371
435
30636
92114
45583
46531
12702
4177
19106
2372
1943
23421
674
3239
371
316
260
225
42
719
1324
7171
259
99
165
635
82
195
160
183
1616
2348
294
144
136
1184
265
53
866
232
521
238
187
3299
71
1191
308
224
741
143
222
1511
57
660
18287
1961
231
480
293
3726
860
1631
9180
390
806
564
2012
3771
1045
116
11209
336
3849
1663
4303
802
154
458
347
1268
2454
1032
1311
389
458
31195
93025
45184
47840
12500
4326
19531
2299
1923
23753
692
3170
376
333
254
240
45
648
1381
7139
259
99
156
666
92
189
164
184
1616
2340
306
153
142
1222
289
57
835
238
541
245
191
3137
77
1237
300
228
839
147
198
1565
57
683
18450
1850
247
506
316
3868
926
1588
9300
425
830
583
2028
3866
1039
124
11986
368
4164
1592
4139
814
160
505
398
1336
2577
1040
1355
407
491
32494
95003
45785
49218
12707
4161
19631
2343
1869
23843
687
3018
378
340
239
256
44
611
1402
6976
263
99
152
675
96
178
164
189
1602
2394
313
154
147
1232
287
61
851
242
589
236
197
3203
83
1268
313
216
886
148
195
1597
58
705
18793
1848
251
499
339
3906
987
1600
9431
412
853
560
2111
3937
1036
131
12381
380
4489
1615
4037
829
164
566
434
1382
2763
1046
1382
431
512
33577
96558
46217
50341
12942
4223
0.5%
1.9%
-2.8%
0.4%
-0.7%
-4.8%
0.6%
2.3%
-5.9%
6.9%
-3.9%
-5.7%
1.5%
-2.3%
1.5%
-0.2%
-2.2%
1.4%
4.0%
-6.0%
0.5%
2.6%
-0.9%
2.3%
2.5%
0.9%
2.9%
0.9%
-0.6%
6.5%
1.9%
1.7%
8.8%
-3.5%
3.2%
2.1%
8.5%
2.5%
4.3%
-5.2%
5.7%
0.8%
-1.1%
2.1%
0.8%
3.2%
1.9%
-0.1%
1.9%
-1.3%
7.5%
1.0%
6.7%
0.7%
1.4%
-3.1%
2.8%
-3.9%
4.1%
1.8%
-0.3%
5.6%
3.3%
3.4%
7.8%
1.4%
-2.5%
1.9%
2.3%
12.0%
9.0%
3.4%
7.2%
0.6%
2.0%
6.0%
4.3%
3.3%
1.6%
0.9%
2.3%
1.8%
1.5%
-0.6%
0.1%
-0.5%
-0.6%
4.4%
4.1%
3.5%
3.5%
4.2%
4.7%
2.8%
0.7%
0.3%
2.9%
-1.0%
-0.7%
0.3%
-0.3%
-1.1%
-1.0%
-1.3%
-2.2%
-1.8%
-1.0%
-2.9%
-0.3%
-2.9%
-3.8%
4.1%
◆
-2.2%
0.6%
1.1%
-3.1%
-1.3%
1.7%
-0.4%
-2.5%
-1.7%
-1.3%
2.5%
3.0%
-3.9%
-1.5%
-5.7%
-0.1%
-0.9%
0.9%
-0.4%
2.1%
11.2%
5.8%
6.3%
1.8%
3.6%
5.5%
3.0%
1.2%
2.9%
2.9%
1.8%
4.5%
5.7%
2.5%
4.8%
2.0%
-2.5%
2.5%
0.6%
5.0%
2.4%
5.3%
1.1%
-0.1%
2.9%
4.7%
4.6%
2.8%
1.2%
-0.9%
3.6%
-1.7%
1.3%
Share
2016
20.3%
2.4%
1.9%
24.7%
0.7%
3.1%
0.4%
0.4%
0.2%
0.3%
◆
0.6%
1.5%
7.2%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
0.7%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
1.7%
2.5%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
1.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.9%
0.3%
0.6%
0.2%
0.2%
3.3%
0.1%
1.3%
0.3%
0.2%
0.9%
0.2%
0.2%
1.7%
0.1%
0.7%
19.5%
1.9%
0.3%
0.5%
0.4%
4.0%
1.0%
1.7%
9.8%
0.4%
0.9%
0.6%
2.2%
4.1%
1.1%
0.1%
12.8%
0.4%
4.6%
1.7%
4.2%
0.9%
0.2%
0.6%
0.4%
1.4%
2.9%
1.1%
1.4%
0.4%
0.5%
34.8%
100.0%
47.9%
52.1%
13.4%
4.4%
*Inland demand plus international aviation and marine bunkers and refinery fuel and loss. Consumption of biogasoline (such as ethanol), biodiesel and derivatives of coal and natural gas are also included.
than 0.05%.
Notes: Differences between these world consumption figures and world production statistics are accounted for by stock changes, consumption of non-petroleum additives and substitute
fuels, and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of oil supply and demand data.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
◆Less
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
15
Oil: Production in million tonnes*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Azerbaijan
Denmark
Italy
Kazakhstan
Norway
Romania
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Angola
Chad
Republic of Congo
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Libya
Nigeria
South Sudan
Sudan
Tunisia
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Brunei
China
India
Indonesia
Malaysia
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
OPEC
Non-OPEC
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
304.5
150.6
182.5
637.6
39.5
94.0
27.9
28.8
5.5
8.3
171.2
7.0
382.2
32.3
16.8
5.8
65.1
129.0
5.0
485.6
9.2
76.9
5.4
21.7
852.9
210.7
98.0
133.7
36.2
56.8
508.9
20.3
144.3
18.1
8.9
1236.0
86.2
69.6
8.0
14.2
33.2
15.6
12.1
85.3
118.5
n/a
17.5
3.6
11.4
475.1
23.5
10.8
184.8
36.0
50.2
32.7
12.6
17.2
13.1
381.0
3964.8
904.3
3060.5
1711.9
2252.9
116.1
604.4
305.1
155.3
172.2
632.6
38.3
95.4
28.0
27.5
5.5
7.1
165.5
7.1
374.3
42.6
15.2
5.9
67.2
118.6
4.7
496.8
9.8
76.9
4.9
21.6
864.2
213.3
105.1
129.9
34.8
57.6
488.9
19.5
139.6
15.9
9.5
1214.1
86.5
82.5
7.5
11.5
33.8
15.9
12.3
85.4
112.4
n/a
23.8
5.0
9.6
486.1
24.5
9.5
186.3
36.4
47.8
33.8
13.2
16.3
13.9
381.8
3953.2
889.3
3064.0
1694.1
2259.1
114.2
628.0
302.3
152.9
156.9
612.0
37.8
99.1
31.1
27.2
5.7
7.0
165.6
7.1
380.5
44.5
14.0
5.2
70.7
114.8
4.7
493.7
10.4
72.0
4.8
20.6
855.4
215.6
119.3
136.1
37.1
64.7
509.9
19.6
141.4
14.8
9.5
1267.8
85.6
93.5
6.7
12.2
34.7
16.1
12.0
85.6
102.6
n/a
22.6
4.6
9.2
485.3
24.1
8.6
190.4
37.8
49.4
34.0
14.0
15.2
14.9
388.4
3989.6
857.9
3131.7
1747.0
2242.6
106.6
630.6
322.4
152.8
146.7
621.9
34.0
106.0
35.3
26.1
6.5
6.8
156.0
6.6
377.3
50.4
12.9
4.6
76.5
108.7
4.5
500.8
10.5
68.3
4.5
19.9
861.6
207.4
119.9
120.9
39.7
62.6
456.7
19.3
126.2
14.3
9.4
1176.6
77.2
87.6
6.2
14.1
35.3
14.2
12.0
77.4
105.3
n/a
23.4
4.3
9.1
466.1
22.4
8.3
189.5
38.0
48.4
32.2
14.5
16.7
14.4
384.3
3887.8
853.7
3034.2
1623.6
2264.3
100.0
649.2
332.7
160.3
145.6
638.6
33.3
111.6
41.4
26.1
7.0
6.2
145.8
6.9
378.4
50.8
12.2
5.1
79.7
98.8
4.3
511.8
10.8
63.2
3.6
19.2
859.5
211.7
121.5
123.3
42.2
71.1
473.8
18.5
133.3
14.3
9.4
1219.2
73.8
90.5
6.4
16.0
35.0
12.6
12.4
77.8
119.1
n/a
22.8
4.0
7.6
478.2
24.5
8.5
203.0
41.3
48.6
32.6
14.9
15.6
13.8
402.7
3976.5
856.7
3119.9
1668.0
2308.6
93.6
662.8
344.9
169.8
144.5
659.2
30.9
114.0
48.2
26.8
6.7
5.9
141.5
7.0
381.1
45.6
10.9
5.3
80.1
93.8
4.2
518.8
10.8
52.1
3.6
19.2
844.5
212.7
136.7
140.8
43.2
78.0
525.9
16.9
151.3
10.1
9.9
1325.6
71.7
83.8
6.0
15.3
34.6
11.6
12.5
22.5
115.9
n/a
14.3
3.7
10.3
402.3
21.5
8.1
202.9
42.9
46.3
29.4
15.4
15.8
13.0
395.2
4007.9
857.0
3150.9
1707.6
2300.3
81.7
664.7
393.2
182.6
143.9
719.6
31.1
112.4
49.9
27.1
6.7
5.2
139.3
7.3
378.9
43.4
10.0
5.4
79.3
87.3
4.0
526.2
11.2
44.7
3.2
19.2
833.6
180.7
152.5
153.9
45.0
82.2
549.8
8.1
154.8
8.0
9.0
1344.0
67.2
86.9
5.3
14.3
34.7
12.7
12.7
71.2
114.4
1.5
5.1
3.9
10.2
440.1
21.4
7.8
207.5
42.5
44.6
29.8
16.6
17.3
12.6
400.2
4116.4
902.1
3214.4
1780.0
2336.4
73.0
668.8
446.9
195.1
141.8
783.8
30.5
110.2
52.9
28.2
7.1
5.1
137.8
7.5
379.2
43.5
8.7
5.6
82.3
83.2
4.1
531.1
11.7
40.7
2.9
19.6
833.3
169.8
153.2
151.3
46.1
80.3
538.4
2.7
165.1
8.9
10.3
1326.1
64.8
87.3
4.4
12.6
34.4
12.4
11.6
46.5
109.2
4.9
5.8
3.6
11.5
408.9
17.8
6.6
210.0
42.5
42.7
28.5
16.5
17.4
12.0
393.9
4125.3
953.8
3171.5
1732.0
2393.3
68.5
676.8
522.7
209.4
137.1
869.2
29.9
122.5
52.2
29.8
7.3
5.1
138.5
7.7
392.9
42.1
8.1
5.8
81.1
85.3
4.1
534.1
12.1
40.0
2.8
19.2
834.7
174.2
160.3
150.1
46.2
79.4
543.4
1.5
166.2
6.7
10.5
1338.7
68.8
83.0
4.3
13.4
35.1
13.1
11.6
23.4
112.8
7.7
5.9
3.4
11.7
394.2
19.1
6.2
211.4
41.6
41.2
29.7
16.2
18.1
13.0
396.5
4226.2
1041.9
3184.3
1730.1
2496.1
67.3
677.1
565.1
215.6
127.5
908.3
29.8
132.2
53.0
29.1
6.2
4.8
135.9
7.5
398.6
41.6
7.7
5.5
80.2
88.0
4.0
540.7
12.7
45.4
2.7
18.8
847.3
181.6
197.0
148.2
48.0
79.1
567.8
1.2
176.2
2.0
10.5
1411.6
67.2
88.7
3.8
12.9
35.4
13.5
11.5
20.3
112.0
7.3
5.4
3.0
12.6
393.7
17.4
6.2
214.6
41.2
40.7
32.3
17.0
17.4
13.2
400.0
4359.5
1086.4
3273.0
1803.2
2556.2
71.9
682.5
543.0
218.2
121.4
882.6
28.8
136.7
48.8
29.3
5.6
4.3
124.1
7.0
384.5
41.0
6.9
3.8
79.3
90.4
3.8
554.3
12.7
47.5
2.6
18.2
860.6
216.4
218.9
152.7
49.3
79.4
585.7
1.1
182.4
0.8
10.1
1496.9
68.5
87.9
3.8
11.9
33.8
13.1
11.4
20.0
98.8
5.8
5.1
2.9
11.6
374.8
15.5
5.9
199.7
40.2
43.0
32.7
17.6
16.0
12.4
383.0
4382.4
1060.0
3322.4
1864.2
2518.2
70.8
694.5
-4.2%
0.9%
-5.1%
-3.1%
-3.7%
3.1%
-8.1%
0.4%
-10.4%
-10.5%
-9.0%
-7.5%
-3.8%
-1.7%
-10.2%
-31.4%
-1.4%
2.4%
-5.3%
2.2%
-0.4%
4.4%
-3.3%
-3.3%
1.3%
18.9%
10.8%
2.8%
2.4%
0.1%
2.9%
-8.3%
3.2%
-60.8%
-3.9%
5.8%
1.6%
-1.2%
0.6%
-7.8%
-4.8%
-3.3%
-1.1%
-1.5%
-12.1%
-20.0%
-5.0%
-3.8%
-8.6%
-5.1%
-11.1%
-4.7%
-7.2%
-2.6%
5.2%
0.9%
3.2%
-8.5%
-6.2%
-4.5%
0.3%
-2.7%
1.2%
3.1%
-1.8%
-1.8%
1.5%
6.2%
4.2%
-3.7%
3.6%
-2.8%
4.0%
6.7%
0.2%
1.6%
-5.0%
-2.2%
0.2%
0.6%
6.5%
-8.4%
-1.0%
2.7%
-4.4%
-3.0%
1.3%
3.0%
-6.1%
-6.9%
-1.6%
◆
-1.3%
8.2%
1.3%
2.4%
4.2%
0.9%
-25.1%
2.6%
-20.5%
1.5%
1.4%
-2.5%
3.5%
-8.3%
0.3%
0.7%
-1.9%
-1.6%
-13.0%
-1.0%
n/a
-9.4%
-2.1%
3.7%
-1.7%
-3.7%
-4.8%
1.7%
1.7%
-2.7%
-0.7%
4.0%
-0.8%
0.7%
0.4%
1.0%
1.6%
0.8%
0.6%
1.3%
-5.5%
1.6%
Share
2016
12.4%
5.0%
2.8%
20.1%
0.7%
3.1%
1.1%
0.7%
0.1%
0.1%
2.8%
0.2%
8.8%
0.9%
0.2%
0.1%
1.8%
2.1%
0.1%
12.6%
0.3%
1.1%
0.1%
0.4%
19.6%
4.9%
5.0%
3.5%
1.1%
1.8%
13.4%
◆
4.2%
◆
0.2%
34.2%
1.6%
2.0%
0.1%
0.3%
0.8%
0.3%
0.3%
0.5%
2.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
8.6%
0.4%
0.1%
4.6%
0.9%
1.0%
0.7%
0.4%
0.4%
0.3%
8.7%
100.0%
24.2%
75.8%
42.5%
57.5%
1.6%
15.8%
*Includes crude oil, shale oil, oil sands and NGLs (natural gas liquids – the liquid content of natural gas where this is recovered separately). Excludes liquid fuels from other sources such as biomass
and derivatives of coal and natural gas.
than 0.05%.
n/a not available.
Notes: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes figures.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
◆Less
16
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Oil: Consumption in million tonnes*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
930.7
98.7
89.7
1119.1
21.8
100.0
13.9
10.9
8.3
6.9
1.8
31.5
68.1
263.2
14.2
4.8
8.8
33.8
5.0
9.8
9.4
10.7
93.0
123.6
21.3
7.8
9.3
86.7
10.7
2.8
50.8
10.5
23.3
14.6
10.3
130.4
3.4
79.3
17.3
12.6
32.1
4.8
14.2
83.2
5.1
34.7
978.0
87.7
11.7
17.7
4.6
98.4
26.9
62.0
309.1
11.5
28.7
25.3
72.7
138.1
42.9
3.9
353.1
15.2
128.3
58.5
238.0
28.9
7.1
17.6
13.3
44.5
104.7
49.1
44.2
12.0
15.5
1176.7
3984.2
2291.7
1692.5
727.3
181.1
928.8
101.7
92.0
1122.5
24.2
107.5
17.9
10.7
8.5
7.1
2.1
29.7
67.8
275.4
13.4
4.5
8.0
34.6
4.8
9.7
9.4
10.8
91.4
112.5
21.4
7.7
9.4
84.0
11.6
2.8
50.7
10.7
24.2
14.7
10.3
130.0
3.6
80.3
16.9
11.3
32.6
5.1
14.4
80.7
4.7
36.2
962.6
89.6
12.3
17.9
5.2
104.4
28.7
61.6
319.8
12.9
30.6
25.8
74.8
144.1
42.5
3.7
370.7
16.4
138.1
61.8
230.9
30.8
7.1
19.1
13.8
48.3
107.6
51.1
45.5
13.3
16.8
1217.6
4041.9
2278.9
1763.0
711.8
181.0
875.4
100.6
91.6
1067.6
24.9
116.2
18.6
11.7
8.7
8.0
2.2
33.8
65.5
289.6
13.4
3.6
7.9
36.0
4.8
9.9
9.3
10.7
90.8
118.9
20.4
7.5
9.0
80.4
11.5
3.1
47.3
10.4
25.3
14.1
10.4
133.6
3.9
78.0
16.7
12.1
32.1
5.2
14.2
79.5
4.6
36.5
960.8
93.1
12.0
19.0
6.3
114.4
30.2
67.2
342.1
14.0
32.6
24.4
80.6
151.7
43.2
3.8
378.1
14.8
144.7
60.1
224.8
29.5
7.2
19.4
13.3
51.4
103.1
45.9
44.4
14.1
16.0
1213.6
4025.3
2210.1
1815.2
707.7
183.4
833.2
94.4
88.5
1016.1
24.3
117.0
18.2
10.7
8.9
8.2
2.1
34.2
64.5
288.1
12.8
3.3
9.3
31.5
4.3
9.7
8.3
10.1
87.5
113.9
19.5
7.1
8.0
75.1
9.3
2.6
45.9
10.7
25.3
13.2
9.2
128.2
3.7
73.5
15.5
12.3
32.6
5.0
13.5
75.8
4.3
35.6
916.5
92.2
10.8
20.4
6.0
125.9
28.9
70.1
354.4
14.9
34.4
24.1
83.2
156.6
43.5
3.5
392.8
16.9
152.6
60.8
200.3
29.2
6.9
20.7
14.0
55.5
103.7
46.1
45.9
14.6
16.9
1223.9
3955.7
2098.9
1856.7
670.1
175.9
850.1
101.0
88.6
1039.7
28.1
126.8
16.0
11.9
10.3
8.6
2.2
34.1
65.5
303.6
13.4
3.2
7.5
32.7
3.9
9.2
8.4
10.6
84.5
115.4
18.1
6.7
7.6
73.1
9.9
2.7
45.9
10.8
26.7
13.0
8.8
133.3
3.9
72.1
16.2
11.4
31.8
5.5
12.6
74.9
3.6
35.3
912.3
83.6
11.2
20.9
6.5
137.1
30.7
73.1
363.1
14.8
36.3
25.6
87.7
164.5
43.7
3.9
448.5
17.8
155.4
64.7
202.7
29.3
7.0
20.5
14.6
60.9
105.0
47.2
47.7
15.6
17.5
1302.2
4085.4
2118.9
1966.5
665.0
178.6
834.9
104.2
90.3
1029.5
28.3
131.9
17.6
12.8
10.5
9.5
2.1
34.6
66.9
314.0
12.7
4.0
8.6
30.5
3.8
9.0
8.3
9.7
83.0
112.0
17.0
6.4
6.8
70.5
11.5
2.6
46.1
10.6
26.6
12.1
9.1
142.2
3.9
68.8
14.8
11.0
31.1
5.8
13.1
73.6
3.4
35.0
903.7
84.7
11.8
20.4
8.0
139.1
33.2
74.4
371.7
15.8
33.7
25.7
84.2
159.4
46.3
5.1
465.1
18.0
163.0
73.1
203.7
31.5
7.0
20.7
13.8
63.7
105.8
44.5
49.7
16.9
19.4
1347.4
4125.7
2093.8
2032.0
644.5
191.7
817.0
102.3
92.3
1011.6
29.6
134.3
17.5
13.9
10.9
9.6
2.0
37.2
66.1
321.0
12.5
4.2
10.4
29.6
3.9
9.0
7.8
9.1
80.3
111.4
15.3
5.9
6.5
64.2
11.5
2.7
43.7
10.5
25.7
11.0
9.2
144.6
3.6
64.7
14.6
11.2
31.6
6.0
12.5
71.4
3.0
34.1
882.1
85.7
13.9
24.4
8.2
146.2
35.0
76.0
389.5
16.8
35.3
26.5
90.0
168.6
47.9
5.4
487.1
17.2
173.6
74.4
217.7
32.9
7.0
20.0
14.4
63.4
108.8
44.6
52.3
17.1
19.7
1403.4
4176.2
2071.7
2104.5
618.8
195.9
832.1
103.5
89.8
1025.4
31.9
144.2
16.8
13.9
11.6
10.1
2.3
36.7
64.5
332.0
12.7
4.5
7.1
30.1
3.6
8.5
7.7
9.0
79.3
113.4
14.5
5.9
6.5
59.4
12.1
2.6
41.4
10.8
23.8
11.3
8.4
144.3
3.6
59.3
14.4
11.8
33.5
6.2
11.9
70.3
2.9
33.4
864.3
93.6
11.5
22.7
9.3
147.3
35.5
78.8
398.6
17.6
35.8
27.3
94.8
175.4
48.2
5.3
508.1
17.6
175.3
74.5
207.4
34.9
7.1
21.9
14.9
64.2
108.3
45.1
54.5
17.3
20.6
1425.2
4220.9
2059.3
2161.6
601.7
192.7
838.1
103.1
85.4
1026.6
31.3
150.6
17.4
14.8
12.2
10.0
2.1
33.6
64.7
336.5
12.5
4.4
8.1
29.7
3.9
9.1
7.8
8.6
76.9
110.4
14.4
6.6
6.5
55.8
12.3
2.6
39.6
10.2
23.9
11.1
9.0
152.3
3.4
59.0
14.5
10.6
34.3
6.5
10.3
69.8
2.7
32.2
858.8
90.4
10.6
21.0
9.7
159.8
38.6
78.2
408.4
17.7
38.3
27.0
94.5
177.5
48.1
5.8
528.0
16.6
180.8
75.3
197.0
34.9
7.2
22.6
16.1
65.8
107.9
46.1
55.0
18.0
21.7
1447.0
4254.8
2036.7
2218.1
590.8
200.0
856.5
99.1
84.4
1040.0
32.2
146.6
17.6
15.6
11.8
10.7
2.2
30.2
67.5
334.4
12.5
4.5
7.7
31.0
4.4
8.9
8.0
8.7
76.8
110.0
14.9
7.0
6.8
57.6
13.2
2.8
38.7
10.3
24.9
11.5
9.2
144.2
3.7
61.2
14.1
10.7
38.9
6.6
9.2
71.8
2.7
33.3
865.9
84.5
11.4
22.3
10.7
166.6
40.9
76.5
412.8
19.5
39.6
27.9
95.1
182.1
47.9
6.2
561.8
18.3
195.8
71.8
189.0
35.5
7.5
24.6
18.3
69.4
113.8
46.5
57.3
18.8
23.2
1505.8
4341.0
2062.4
2278.5
600.6
191.6
863.1
100.9
82.8
1046.9
31.9
138.8
17.8
15.9
11.0
11.4
2.2
28.7
68.5
326.2
12.7
4.6
7.5
31.8
4.5
8.4
8.0
9.0
76.4
113.0
15.4
7.1
7.0
58.1
13.2
3.0
39.9
10.4
27.2
11.2
9.5
148.0
4.0
62.5
14.7
10.2
41.2
6.7
9.1
73.1
2.8
34.5
884.6
83.8
11.6
22.0
11.7
167.9
43.5
77.3
417.8
18.9
40.6
26.9
98.9
185.4
47.8
6.6
578.7
18.9
212.7
72.6
184.3
36.3
7.7
27.5
19.9
72.2
122.1
46.7
59.0
20.1
24.4
1557.3
4418.2
2086.8
2331.4
613.3
195.5
0.5%
1.5%
-2.1%
0.4%
-1.1%
-5.6%
0.4%
2.0%
-6.6%
6.8%
-4.3%
-5.3%
1.2%
-2.7%
1.3%
1.5%
-2.5%
2.3%
2.9%
-6.2%
0.3%
2.6%
-0.8%
2.4%
2.8%
1.3%
3.0%
0.5%
-0.2%
6.7%
2.8%
0.7%
8.8%
-3.2%
3.4%
2.4%
8.6%
1.8%
3.7%
-5.4%
5.6%
0.8%
-0.9%
1.7%
0.7%
3.2%
1.9%
-1.1%
1.9%
-1.5%
9.2%
0.5%
6.1%
0.8%
0.9%
-3.2%
2.3%
-3.6%
3.7%
1.5%
-0.3%
6.0%
2.7%
3.2%
8.3%
0.8%
-2.8%
1.8%
1.8%
11.4%
8.5%
3.7%
7.1%
0.1%
2.6%
6.2%
4.6%
3.1%
1.5%
0.9%
2.0%
1.8%
1.8%
-0.9%
◆
-0.7%
-0.8%
4.5%
4.0%
3.5%
3.7%
4.1%
4.1%
2.9%
0.7%
0.1%
2.8%
-1.2%
-1.7%
0.2%
-0.8%
-1.0%
-1.1%
-1.4%
-2.4%
-1.9%
-1.1%
-3.0%
-0.5%
-3.1%
-4.0%
3.5%
0.1%
-2.5%
0.2%
1.1%
-3.5%
-1.4%
1.4%
-0.4%
-2.6%
-1.9%
-1.3%
2.4%
2.9%
-3.9%
-1.5%
-6.1%
-0.2%
-1.1%
0.5%
-0.7%
1.3%
11.6%
5.9%
5.0%
1.9%
3.3%
5.8%
2.9%
1.2%
2.8%
2.8%
1.9%
4.8%
5.5%
2.7%
4.9%
1.6%
-2.6%
2.4%
0.7%
4.9%
2.1%
5.3%
0.8%
-0.6%
2.2%
4.4%
4.4%
2.7%
1.0%
-1.1%
3.4%
-1.9%
1.0%
Share
2016
19.5%
2.3%
1.9%
23.7%
0.7%
3.1%
0.4%
0.4%
0.2%
0.3%
◆
0.6%
1.6%
7.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
0.7%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
1.7%
2.6%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
1.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.9%
0.2%
0.6%
0.3%
0.2%
3.3%
0.1%
1.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.9%
0.2%
0.2%
1.7%
0.1%
0.8%
20.0%
1.9%
0.3%
0.5%
0.3%
3.8%
1.0%
1.7%
9.5%
0.4%
0.9%
0.6%
2.2%
4.2%
1.1%
0.1%
13.1%
0.4%
4.8%
1.6%
4.2%
0.8%
0.2%
0.6%
0.5%
1.6%
2.8%
1.1%
1.3%
0.5%
0.6%
35.2%
100.0%
47.2%
52.8%
13.9%
4.4%
*Inland demand plus international aviation and marine bunkers and refinery fuel and loss. Consumption of biogasoline (such as ethanol), biodiesel and derivatives of coal and natural gas are
also included.
than 0.05%.
Notes: Differences between these world consumption figures and world production statistics are accounted for by stock changes, consumption of non-petroleum additives and substitute fuels,
and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of oil supply and demand data.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes figures.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
◆Less
17
Oil: Production by region
Oil: Consumption by region
Million barrels daily
Million barrels daily
Asia Pacific
Africa
Middle East
Europe & Eurasia
S. & Cent. America
North America
91
96
01
06
11
16
100
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
91
96
01
06
11
16
World oil production grew by only 0.4 million b/d in 2016, the slowest growth since 2013. Production in the Middle East rose by 1.7 million b/d, driven by Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia, but this was largely offset by declines in North America, Africa, Asia Pacific and South & Central America. Global oil consumption growth averaged 1.6 million b/d, above the 10-year average of 1 million b/d for the second successive year as a result of stronger than usual growth in the OECD. However, China (400,000 b/d) and India (330,000 b/d) still provided the largest contributions to growth.
.
Oil: Consumption per capita 2016
Tonnes
0-0.75
0.75-1.5
1.5-2.25
2.25-3.0
> 3.0
18
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
0
Oil: Regional consumption – by product group
Growth rate per annum
Thousand barrels daily
North America
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total North America
of which: US
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total US
S. & Cent. America
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total Europe & Eurasia
of which: CIS
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total CIS
of which: European Union
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total European Union
Middle East
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total Middle East
Africa
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total Africa
Asia Pacific
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total Asia Pacific
of which: China
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total China
of which: Japan
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total Japan
World
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total World
OECD
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total OECD
Non-OECD
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Fuel oil
Others
Total Non-OECD
Share
2016
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
11131
7297
1055
5499
24982
11200
7318
1081
5490
25089
10859
6934
941
5106
23840
10839
6281
801
5019
22940
10950
6567
810
5172
23499
10697
6694
745
5169
23305
10572
6409
662
5251
22894
10778
6519
576
5492
23364
10841
6801
447
5332
23421
11088
6812
419
5435
23753
11312
6750
505
5276
23843
2.0%
-0.9%
20.5%
-2.9%
0.4%
0.1%
-0.6%
-11.3%
-0.6%
47.4%
28.3%
2.1%
22.1%
100.0%
9599
6226
683
4178
20687
9597
6199
718
4166
20680
9253
5801
609
3827
19490
9257
5241
508
3766
18771
9263
5464
532
3921
19180
9022
5518
459
3883
18882
8932
5278
367
3913
18490
9125
5371
317
4147
18961
9164
5632
256
4054
19106
9413
5657
258
4203
19531
9556
5594
356
4125
19631
1.5%
-1.1%
37.8%
-1.8%
0.5%
-0.1%
-0.9%
-11.9%
0.1%
-0.6%
48.7%
28.5%
1.8%
21.0%
100.0%
1512
1946
813
1284
5554
1613
2144
813
1262
5831
1690
2196
831
1384
6100
1795
2168
789
1341
6094
1890
2392
763
1379
6424
1969
2513
741
1443
6666
2019
2635
740
1432
6826
2118
2760
715
1481
7073
2178
2774
734
1484
7171
2231
2749
730
1429
7139
2214
2696
663
1403
6976
-0.7%
-2.0%
-9.2%
-1.8%
-2.3%
4.1%
3.7%
-0.7%
1.9%
2.9%
31.7%
38.6%
9.5%
20.1%
100.0%
4922
8920
2304
4306
20452
4936
8898
2062
4306
20202
4763
9165
1973
4209
20110
4658
8768
1794
4079
19300
4661
8970
1655
3958
19244
4448
8954
1631
4031
19064
4325
8839
1499
3932
18594
4272
8859
1387
3852
18370
4208
8787
1369
3924
18287
4143
9071
1235
4000
18450
4144
9269
1306
4074
18793
◆
2.2%
5.7%
1.8%
1.9%
-1.9%
0.5%
-6.0%
-0.6%
-0.9%
22.1%
49.3%
7.0%
21.7%
100.0%
1106
1151
558
1004
3819
1172
1219
424
1031
3845
1233
1286
397
985
3901
1211
1168
379
1011
3770
1267
1273
350
944
3835
1273
1387
373
1087
4120
1300
1395
361
1149
4205
1338
1379
369
1090
4177
1329
1343
435
1219
4326
1327
1278
347
1209
4161
1314
1303
370
1236
4223
-1.0%
1.9%
6.8%
2.3%
1.5%
2.3%
1.6%
-3.6%
1.9%
1.3%
31.1%
30.8%
8.8%
29.3%
100.0%
3551
7112
1564
2938
15165
3516
6990
1473
2898
14878
3300
7153
1428
2856
14737
3190
6883
1276
2674
14023
3153
6983
1193
2612
13942
2952
6840
1148
2559
13499
2812
6696
1028
2419
12955
2719
6674
909
2400
12702
2674
6618
839
2370
12500
2602
6875
797
2432
12707
2608
7020
848
2466
12942
0.2%
2.1%
6.4%
1.4%
1.8%
-3.4%
-0.1%
-6.6%
-1.8%
-1.7%
20.2%
54.2%
6.5%
19.1%
100.0%
1485
2114
1534
1592
6726
1479
2272
1581
1617
6949
1592
2315
1746
1765
7418
1633
2403
1901
1841
7779
1681
2412
1939
2070
8102
1758
2537
1972
2115
8382
1839
2656
2042
2223
8760
1908
2753
2080
2209
8950
1944
2749
2211
2276
9180
2009
2672
2235
2384
9300
2053
2661
2192
2525
9431
2.2%
-0.4%
-1.9%
5.9%
1.4%
3.6%
2.9%
3.9%
4.2%
3.6%
21.8%
28.2%
23.2%
26.8%
100.0%
686
1297
423
506
2912
703
1379
425
535
3042
760
1461
436
546
3203
799
1507
446
563
3316
835
1613
460
576
3483
815
1615
394
568
3393
867
1680
440
583
3571
883
1805
438
595
3720
902
1846
437
586
3771
954
1872
431
609
3866
1038
1843
421
634
3937
8.9%
-1.6%
-2.3%
4.1%
1.8%
3.1%
4.2%
-0.5%
1.9%
2.9%
26.4%
46.8%
10.7%
16.1%
100.0%
7021
9110
3528
5493
25152
7401
9304
3583
5760
26047
7453
9389
3361
5704
25907
7685
9390
3046
6141
26262
8320
9917
3045
6688
27969
8526
10345
3112
6937
28920
8944
10788
3216
7083
30031
9449
10991
2987
7209
30636
9759
11085
2828
7523
31195
10519
11368
2808
7799
32494
10955
11414
2898
8310
33577
4.2%
0.4%
3.2%
6.5%
3.3%
4.5%
2.3%
-2.0%
3.9%
2.8%
32.6%
34.0%
8.6%
24.7%
100.0%
1713
2682
954
2083
7432
1846
2859
906
2198
7808
1975
3078
724
2164
7941
2046
3127
662
2443
8278
2406
3452
666
2912
9436
2593
3667
588
2948
9796
2776
3963
560
2932
10230
3105
4068
564
2998
10734
3324
4114
592
3179
11209
3768
4220
591
3408
11986
4035
4046
617
3683
12381
7.1%
-4.1%
4.4%
8.1%
3.3%
9.5%
5.3%
-4.1%
5.6%
5.7%
32.6%
32.7%
5.0%
29.7%
100.0%
1758
1760
657
999
5174
1731
1621
657
1005
5013
1614
1502
707
1024
4846
1634
1381
450
922
4387
1696
1391
442
913
4442
1635
1343
577
887
4442
1614
1361
824
903
4702
1631
1345
646
895
4516
1575
1319
532
876
4303
1610
1281
433
816
4139
1560
1291
368
817
4037
-3.1%
0.8%
-14.9%
0.2%
-2.5%
-1.0%
-3.8%
-4.4%
-2.2%
-2.5%
38.6%
32.0%
9.1%
20.3%
100.0%
26756
30684
9658
18679
85777
27331
31315
9545
18971
87161
27116
31460
9289
18713
86578
27409
30519
8778
18985
85691
28337
31871
8672
19842
88722
28213
32658
8595
20264
89729
28565
33007
8598
20505
90675
29408
33686
8182
20837
92114
29831
34041
8027
21125
93025
30943
34545
7858
21656
95003
31718
34632
7986
22223
96558
2.5%
0.3%
1.6%
2.6%
1.6%
1.6%
1.4%
-2.3%
1.7%
1.2%
32.8%
35.9%
8.3%
23.0%
100.0%
18000
17771
3785
10318
49874
18102
17631
3697
10267
49697
17381
17310
3492
9876
48059
17354
16231
2894
9590
46068
17528
16654
2767
9646
46596
17062
16651
2772
9569
46054
16864
16323
2822
9502
45512
16998
16466
2424
9696
45583
16988
16685
2071
9441
45184
17264
17067
1905
9548
45785
17506
17223
2005
9484
46217
1.4%
0.9%
5.2%
-0.7%
0.9%
-0.4%
-0.3%
-7.6%
-0.6%
-0.9%
37.9%
37.3%
4.3%
20.5%
100.0%
8756
12913
5873
8361
35903
9228
13684
5849
8704
37464
9736
14150
5796
8837
38519
10056
14288
5884
9395
39623
10809
15216
5905
10196
42126
11150
16007
5823
10696
43676
11701
16684
5776
11002
45163
12411
17220
5759
11142
46531
12843
17356
5957
11685
47840
13679
17478
5953
12108
49218
14212
17409
5981
12739
50341
3.9%
-0.4%
0.5%
5.2%
2.3%
5.0%
3.4%
0.4%
4.1%
3.6%
28.2%
34.6%
11.9%
25.3%
100.0%
◆
◆Less
than 0.05%.
Notes: ‘Light distillates’ consists of aviation and motor gasolines and light distillate feedstock (LDF).
‘Middle distillates’ consists of jet and heating kerosenes, and gas and diesel oils (including marine bunkers).
‘Fuel oil’ includes marine bunkers and crude oil used directly as fuel.
‘Others’ consists of refinery gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), solvents, petroleum coke, lubricants, bitumen, wax, other refined products and refinery fuel and loss.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures
An extended breakdown of oil consumption by product group is available at bp.com/statisticalreview
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
19
Spot crude prices
US dollars per barrel
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
Dubai
$/bbl*
Brent
$/bbl†
Nigerian
Forcados
$/bbl
West Texas
Intermediate
$/bbl‡
34.32
31.80
28.78
28.06
27.53
13.10
16.95
13.27
15.62
20.45
16.63
17.17
14.93
14.74
16.10
18.52
18.23
12.21
17.25
26.20
22.81
23.74
26.78
33.64
49.35
61.50
68.19
94.34
61.39
78.06
106.18
109.08
105.47
97.07
51.20
41.19
35.93
32.97
29.55
28.78
27.56
14.43
18.44
14.92
18.23
23.73
20.00
19.32
16.97
15.82
17.02
20.67
19.09
12.72
17.97
28.50
24.44
25.02
28.83
38.27
54.52
65.14
72.39
97.26
61.67
79.50
111.26
111.67
108.66
98.95
52.39
43.73
36.18
33.29
29.54
28.14
27.75
14.46
18.39
15.00
18.30
23.85
20.11
19.61
17.41
16.25
17.26
21.16
19.33
12.62
18.00
28.42
24.23
25.04
28.66
38.13
55.69
67.07
74.48
101.43
63.35
81.05
113.65
114.21
111.95
101.35
54.41
44.54
36.08
33.65
30.30
29.39
27.98
15.10
19.18
15.97
19.68
24.50
21.54
20.57
18.45
17.21
18.42
22.16
20.61
14.39
19.31
30.37
25.93
26.16
31.07
41.49
56.59
66.02
72.20
100.06
61.92
79.45
95.04
94.13
97.99
93.28
48.71
43.34
*1981-1985 Arabian Light, 1986-2016 Dubai dated.
†1981-1983 Forties, 1984-2016 Brent dated.
‡1981-1983 Posted WTI prices, 1984-2016 Spot WTI (Cushing) prices.
Source: Platts.
Crude oil prices 1861-2016
US dollars per barrel World events
Yom Kippur war
Post-war reconstruction
Fears of shortage in US
Growth of Venezuelan
production
Pennsylvanian
oil boom
Russian
oil exports
began
East Texas field
discovered
Sumatra
Discovery of
production Spindletop,
began
Texas
Iranian revolution
Loss of Iranian
supplies
Netback pricing
introduced
Suez crisis
Iraq
invaded
Kuwait
Asian financial crisis
Invasion
of Iraq
‘Arab
Spring’
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
1861-69
1870-79
1880-89
1890-99
1900-09
1910-19
$ 2016 (deflated using the Consumer Price Index for the US)
$ money of the day
20
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
1920-29
1930-39
1940-49
1950-59
1960-69
1970-79
1980-89
1990-99
2000-09
2010-19
0
1861-1944 US average.
1945-1983 Arabian Light posted at Ras Tanura.
1984-2016 Brent dated.
Oil product prices (Rotterdam)
Product differentials to crude
(Rotterdam products minus Dated Brent)
US dollars per barrel
US dollars per barrel
160
Gasoline
Gas oil
High sulphur fuel oil
140
40
Gasoline
Gas oil
High sulphur fuel oil
30
20
120
10
100
0
80
-10
60
-20
40
-30
20
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0
-40
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
-50
Source: Platts.
Source: Platts.
Regional refining margins
US dollars per barrel
25
20
15
10
5
USGC Medium Sour Coking
NWE Light Sweet Cracking
Singapore Medium Sour Hydrocracking
06
07
0
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
-5
16
Note: The refining margins presented are benchmark margins for three major global refining centres: US Gulf Coast (USGC), North West Europe (NWE – Rotterdam)
and Singapore. In each case they are based on a single crude oil appropriate for that region and have optimized product yields based on a generic refinery configuration
(cracking, hydrocracking or coking), again appropriate for that region. The margins are on a semi-variable basis, i.e. the margin after all variable costs and fixed energy costs.
Refinery utilization
Percentage (based on average annual capacity)
100
90
80
70
North America
S. & Cent. America
Europe
CIS
06
07
Middle East
Africa
Asia Pacific
World
08
60
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
50
Refinery throughput growth slowed to 0.6 million b/d in 2016, with crude runs falling in Mexico (-130,000 b/d), South & Central America (-210,000 b/d) and Europe &
Eurasia (-300,000 b/d). Global refinery capacity increased by only 0.4 million b/d, well below 10-year average growth (1 million b/d) for the second year in a row as Chinese
capacity declined. Global refinery utilisation rose from 82.4% in 2015 to 82.9% in 2016. Utilisation in South & Central America fell to 72% – the lowest since 1987.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
21
Oil: Refinery throughput
Growth rate per annum
Thousand barrels daily*
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Curacao
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
15242
1788
1270
18300
568
1708
217
315
205
152
172
152
1022
957
5468
172
150
427
631
143
158
159
208
1655
2245
379
139
63
1847
225
168
1226
307
396
265
266
4423
113
1210
415
109
530
137
289
1533
105
189
20284
1674
468
202
898
130
1992
592
743
6699
382
631
385
948
2345
597
26
6235
2860
913
4026
522
97
222
211
1155
2407
1000
926
9
104
21310
74406
39608
34798
13485
5758
15156
1849
1261
18266
600
1741
201
313
209
150
177
154
1004
972
5522
174
150
429
662
143
149
157
218
1654
2193
385
142
67
1863
229
118
1204
305
402
247
280
4597
120
1159
369
94
518
144
279
1528
95
199
20273
1719
447
189
923
149
1936
529
721
6615
391
653
388
915
2348
614
25
6594
3107
904
3995
557
91
238
206
1163
2417
992
922
10
94
21930
74953
39384
35569
13333
5926
14648
1781
1295
17724
578
1760
204
313
197
155
177
150
1010
967
5511
176
147
427
675
143
165
156
222
1676
2151
360
140
62
1741
236
195
1160
279
417
241
282
4742
117
1174
413
101
490
149
243
1533
93
184
20291
1779
476
215
906
145
2018
493
868
6900
429
617
408
944
2398
570
25
6828
3213
910
3946
560
99
226
184
1161
2365
900
927
10
94
22017
74840
38572
36269
13286
6040
14336
1731
1184
17251
532
1781
192
302
183
156
192
152
961
809
5258
169
121
434
629
125
148
157
220
1449
2026
346
127
55
1614
235
174
1143
278
408
209
247
4765
114
1057
394
95
375
152
255
1440
88
201
19250
1826
417
220
869
158
1928
492
840
6750
475
598
388
842
2303
577
18
7452
3641
900
3627
554
95
209
147
844
2297
956
938
43
98
22396
73207
36711
36496
12345
6053
14724
1774
1184
17682
531
1787
159
300
64
137
195
126
969
709
4977
158
124
330
668
110
159
146
211
1314
1915
393
128
60
1673
257
190
1189
259
458
227
217
5018
110
1060
406
90
392
170
249
1395
73
186
19335
1829
520
226
892
294
1922
571
809
7063
548
580
384
910
2422
606
26
8408
3899
853
3619
470
99
190
181
979
2390
876
963
123
97
23778
75257
37191
38066
12270
6224
14806
1680
1166
17652
516
1813
173
306
164
156
189
137
991
720
5165
168
127
411
598
102
143
137
225
1313
1876
331
132
59
1570
326
189
1144
289
482
206
194
5185
120
1051
374
87
394
165
206
1433
69
160
19269
1873
543
218
852
278
1884
635
805
7087
520
523
384
726
2154
627
27
8686
4085
880
3410
516
108
193
190
1035
2533
809
937
124
100
24258
75586
36854
38732
11915
6492
14999
1751
1199
17949
530
1889
164
305
165
152
189
107
936
335
4771
170
124
434
634
118
145
153
215
1138
1901
410
122
61
1475
331
181
1144
287
505
221
182
5438
108
1186
417
68
398
157
108
1348
62
134
19376
1932
579
219
916
292
1953
638
719
7248
478
534
401
797
2210
600
24
9199
4302
820
3400
575
109
192
170
1020
2582
897
978
142
89
25098
76653
37130
39523
11895
6656
15312
1719
1224
18255
527
2035
174
284
170
141
183
132
952
301
4899
174
132
425
555
113
134
144
227
1117
1857
399
120
57
1259
341
192
1044
292
488
239
189
5636
116
1168
332
97
421
160
85
1197
58
140
18908
1999
598
238
873
270
1876
650
685
7189
492
523
411
827
2254
588
27
9599
4462
822
3453
558
105
223
158
936
2484
847
1078
145
97
25581
77086
36733
40353
11181
6840
15848
1640
1155
18643
526
2085
174
247
189
125
185
105
920
295
4851
173
135
448
645
104
151
139
225
1096
1833
416
131
55
1198
361
160
1067
274
486
217
194
5926
105
1185
380
98
406
163
69
1125
62
132
19158
1932
487
245
879
261
2201
659
671
7335
615
525
461
625
2226
538
24
10155
4475
848
3289
553
101
232
168
871
2516
850
1029
125
96
25869
78083
36912
41171
11132
7168
16188
1635
1064
18887
536
1972
165
244
178
121
182
125
863
316
4702
179
130
462
644
121
145
147
197
1152
1875
436
130
68
1347
342
170
1138
293
532
278
208
5773
119
1304
401
56
526
157
64
1118
63
148
19724
1867
409
250
913
253
2479
929
629
7728
591
535
441
532
2099
427
25
10684
4561
836
3258
508
109
257
212
897
2784
838
1132
145
92
26765
79905
37965
41940
11766
6996
16202
1594
933
18729
511
1831
163
339
173
150
185
148
698
291
4490
164
117
392
640
125
109
140
226
1111
1887
464
133
64
1300
339
185
1147
230
517
273
228
5709
116
1303
395
59
532
153
65
1069
70
158
19420
1891
440
232
830
280
2750
1000
605
8028
584
508
477
533
2102
433
23
11023
4931
885
3280
537
108
242
216
965
2928
861
1096
148
107
27781
80550
37752
42798
11660
6849
0.1%
-2.5%
-12.3%
-0.8%
-4.7%
-7.2%
-1.0%
39.0%
-2.6%
24.5%
1.6%
18.2%
-19.2%
-7.7%
-4.5%
-8.3%
-9.8%
-15.1%
-0.5%
3.4%
-25.1%
-4.9%
14.6%
-3.5%
0.6%
6.6%
2.3%
-4.9%
-3.5%
-1.1%
8.4%
0.8%
-21.6%
-2.9%
-1.8%
9.9%
-1.1%
-2.9%
0.6%
-1.2%
-1.9%
0.3%
*Atmospheric distillation capacity on a calendar-day basis.
◆Less than 0.05%.
22
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
◆
-1.6%
4.3%
1.3%
-2.8%
0.9%
-4.3%
11.5%
6.6%
-1.5%
1.3%
7.6%
-7.4%
-9.2%
10.8%
11.0%
7.6%
-3.8%
3.9%
-1.1%
-5.0%
8.1%
0.3%
0.2%
1.5%
-10.1%
3.2%
8.1%
5.8%
0.7%
5.6%
-1.4%
-5.7%
1.7%
7.6%
5.2%
2.7%
-3.2%
2.5%
16.8%
3.8%
0.8%
-0.6%
2.0%
-0.9%
-2.1%
◆
1.5%
-2.3%
-2.0%
-1.9%
-2.2%
0.1%
-2.7%
-1.6%
-10.9%
-1.5%
0.1%
-1.3%
1.5%
◆
-0.2%
-0.7%
-0.5%
-0.2%
-3.9%
-2.0%
1.5%
-0.8%
0.2%
-3.3%
4.6%
-0.9%
-1.0%
0.2%
3.5%
0.5%
-2.9%
3.3%
0.9%
0.9%
-0.3%
-5.2%
0.1%
1.1%
-16.1%
-3.6%
-5.0%
-3.2%
-0.3%
1.4%
-1.4%
2.3%
0.6%
8.2%
2.2%
4.4%
-2.1%
1.5%
5.2%
-1.7%
-0.3%
-6.6%
-1.7%
-3.4%
1.1%
6.2%
5.9%
-1.6%
-2.4%
◆
1.3%
1.1%
0.3%
-2.7%
1.8%
-2.2%
2.2%
32.0%
-0.9%
2.6%
0.8%
-0.5%
2.1%
-1.5%
2.3%
Share
2016
20.1%
2.0%
1.2%
23.3%
0.6%
2.3%
0.2%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.9%
0.4%
5.6%
0.2%
0.1%
0.5%
0.8%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
1.4%
2.3%
0.6%
0.2%
0.1%
1.6%
0.4%
0.2%
1.4%
0.3%
0.6%
0.3%
0.3%
7.1%
0.1%
1.6%
0.5%
0.1%
0.7%
0.2%
0.1%
1.3%
0.1%
0.2%
24.1%
2.3%
0.5%
0.3%
1.0%
0.3%
3.4%
1.2%
0.8%
10.0%
0.7%
0.6%
0.6%
0.7%
2.6%
0.5%
◆
13.7%
6.1%
1.1%
4.1%
0.7%
0.1%
0.3%
0.3%
1.2%
3.6%
1.1%
1.4%
0.2%
0.1%
34.5%
100.0%
46.9%
53.1%
14.5%
8.5%
Source: Includes data from ICIS.
Oil: Refinery capacities
Growth rate per annum
Thousand barrels daily*
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Curacao
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
17443
1914
1463
20821
617
1942
234
324
320
177
223
165
1294
1150
6446
201
205
460
766
205
193
189
261
1959
2390
425
165
75
2526
330
241
1274
316
498
306
389
5524
122
1362
436
140
613
251
525
1836
232
411
24826
1772
743
270
936
137
2107
620
957
7542
443
810
520
1262
3035
694
36
8508
2872
1157
4588
528
102
271
276
1422
2633
1140
1100
11
212
25550
88220
45396
42824
15991
7537
17594
1907
1463
20964
628
1961
242
324
320
175
223
165
1303
1192
6533
201
205
460
781
175
193
189
261
1962
2390
425
165
75
2377
330
241
1236
316
493
306
389
5481
122
1362
436
140
613
251
526
1819
232
411
24565
1772
738
272
936
137
2107
625
972
7559
443
810
520
1264
3037
733
36
8737
2983
1147
4650
534
103
271
270
1427
2679
1197
1100
11
212
26090
88746
45506
43240
15772
7495
17672
1951
1463
21086
628
1973
242
326
320
175
230
165
1303
1176
6538
201
205
460
786
175
193
189
261
1971
2366
425
165
75
2396
330
241
1280
316
492
306
358
5397
122
1362
436
140
613
251
566
1827
232
408
24546
1805
738
275
936
137
2107
680
978
7656
444
810
520
1339
3113
734
36
9670
2992
1135
4650
568
103
274
270
1427
2712
1197
1165
11
214
27158
90096
45724
44372
15800
7451
17584
1976
1463
21023
625
1988
242
336
320
175
252
165
1303
900
6306
201
205
460
786
180
193
189
261
1842
2362
425
165
75
2396
330
241
1280
316
491
306
283
5435
122
1362
436
140
613
251
582
1757
232
430
24347
1860
853
275
936
283
2109
700
978
7994
554
810
520
1199
3083
734
39
10616
3574
1135
4630
572
136
273
267
1427
2746
1197
1236
159
219
28958
91711
45503
46208
15525
7505
17736
1913
1463
21113
625
1988
242
336
320
175
252
165
1303
901
6307
201
205
460
787
195
193
189
261
1702
2091
490
165
75
2396
330
241
1274
316
560
306
247
5573
122
1421
436
140
613
251
474
1757
232
434
24139
1860
914
280
936
283
2109
700
978
8060
554
810
520
1301
3185
740
39
11604
3703
1141
4291
582
136
277
264
1427
2774
1197
1230
159
219
29782
92586
45071
47514
15283
7539
17322
2040
1606
20967
625
2010
250
336
320
175
252
165
1303
1013
6449
193
205
460
788
195
193
181
261
1610
2077
495
165
75
2276
330
241
1276
316
580
306
229
5731
122
1542
436
140
613
251
474
1787
232
414
24195
1860
935
292
936
283
2107
705
978
8096
652
810
520
1247
3229
742
39
12296
3795
1141
4274
601
136
277
261
1427
2864
1197
1230
159
220
30659
93596
44959
48637
15201
7693
17824
2050
1606
21479
657
2001
254
336
320
175
252
165
1303
356
5819
193
205
460
753
195
178
181
261
1513
2097
498
165
75
2113
330
241
1274
316
582
306
214
5826
122
1546
436
106
613
251
248
1526
232
436
23492
1952
971
292
936
283
2107
710
978
8229
652
810
520
1453
3435
663
40
12962
4279
1141
4254
606
136
275
261
1422
2878
1197
1230
159
220
31723
94176
44810
49367
14641
7562
17925
1965
1606
21495
657
2093
254
336
320
175
253
165
1303
361
5917
193
205
460
776
195
178
181
261
1375
2061
498
165
75
1876
350
241
1274
316
582
306
235
6245
122
1546
436
140
613
251
262
1498
232
387
23536
1985
823
294
936
283
2507
710
864
8402
647
810
520
1473
3449
662
43
13594
4319
1152
4123
612
136
390
270
1414
2878
1197
1237
159
226
32410
95210
44314
50896
14247
8016
17889
1965
1522
21375
657
2235
258
336
320
175
253
165
1303
376
6078
193
205
460
776
195
178
180
261
1375
2077
498
165
75
1915
350
241
1274
316
582
306
228
6347
122
1546
436
140
613
251
248
1337
232
404
23528
1985
931
301
936
283
2899
1143
864
9342
651
810
520
1476
3457
536
43
14534
4319
1155
3749
612
136
390
271
1514
3110
1197
1252
159
233
33210
96990
43832
53158
14134
8121
18315
1966
1522
21803
657
2278
258
421
320
175
253
165
1303
384
6214
193
205
460
776
195
178
180
261
1375
2049
498
165
75
1915
350
241
1293
316
581
306
239
6408
122
1562
436
68
613
271
248
1337
232
413
23563
1985
903
301
936
283
2899
1143
864
9314
651
810
520
1476
3457
443
43
14306
4307
1155
3721
612
136
392
271
1514
3110
988
1252
159
233
32642
96992
44073
52920
14151
8211
18621
1967
1522
22110
657
2289
258
421
320
210
253
165
1303
384
6259
193
205
460
776
195
178
180
261
1224
2024
498
165
75
1915
350
241
1293
316
581
306
256
6418
122
1562
436
68
613
271
248
1227
232
413
23304
1985
919
301
936
429
2899
1143
864
9476
651
810
520
1476
3457
452
43
14177
4620
1155
3600
612
136
392
271
1514
3234
988
1235
163
233
32825
97430
44105
53325
13882
8221
1.7%
0.5%
0.4%
0.4%
0.5%
0.7%
1.6%
0.8%
3.1%
–
-0.1%
1.3%
–
0.1%
-10.3%
-0.3%
-0.4%
–
–
0.3%
-0.5%
-0.8%
-0.5%
–
-3.6%
-1.2%
1.8%
–
–
-2.7%
0.6%
–
0.1%
–
1.4%
–
-4.8%
1.7%
–
1.3%
–
-7.0%
–
0.8%
-7.2%
-3.0%
–
-0.4%
-0.5%
1.6%
2.2%
1.1%
–
7.5%
3.2%
6.3%
0.3%
2.4%
3.9%
–
–
0.6%
0.9%
-4.7%
1.8%
6.3%
5.3%
0.9%
-2.0%
1.6%
2.9%
3.9%
-0.3%
0.6%
1.8%
-1.6%
1.5%
30.6%
1.0%
3.0%
1.1%
-0.2%
2.5%
-1.2%
1.0%
*Atmospheric distillation capacity at year end on a calendar-day basis.
◆Less than 0.05%.
◆
–
1.4%
–
0.5%
–
–
–
19.7%
–
–
–
–
0.7%
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
-11.0%
-1.2%
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.1%
0.2%
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
-8.3%
–
–
-1.1%
–
1.8%
–
–
51.6%
–
–
–
1.7%
–
–
–
–
–
2.0%
–
-0.9%
7.3%
–
-3.2%
–
–
–
–
–
4.0%
–
-1.4%
2.5%
–
0.6%
0.5%
0.1%
0.8%
-1.9%
0.1%
Share
2016
19.1%
2.0%
1.6%
22.7%
0.7%
2.3%
0.3%
0.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.3%
0.2%
1.3%
0.4%
6.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.5%
0.8%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.3%
1.3%
2.1%
0.5%
0.2%
0.1%
2.0%
0.4%
0.2%
1.3%
0.3%
0.6%
0.3%
0.3%
6.6%
0.1%
1.6%
0.4%
0.1%
0.6%
0.3%
0.3%
1.3%
0.2%
0.4%
23.9%
2.0%
0.9%
0.3%
1.0%
0.4%
3.0%
1.2%
0.9%
9.7%
0.7%
0.8%
0.5%
1.5%
3.5%
0.5%
◆
14.6%
4.7%
1.2%
3.7%
0.6%
0.1%
0.4%
0.3%
1.6%
3.3%
1.0%
1.3%
0.2%
0.2%
33.7%
100.0%
45.3%
54.7%
14.2%
8.4%
Source: Includes data from ICIS.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
23
Oil: Trade movements
Growth rate per annum
Thousand barrels daily
Imports
US
Europe
China
India
Japan
Rest of World
Total World
Exports
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
Europe
Russia
Other CIS
Saudi Arabia
Middle East (ex S. Arabia)
North Africa
West Africa
Asia Pacific (ex Japan)
Rest of World
Total World
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
Share
2016
13612
13530
3883
2613
5201
15739
54579
13632
14034
4172
2924
5032
17598
57392
12872
13885
4494
3066
4925
17282
56524
11453
12608
5100
3491
4263
17332
54247
11689
12201
5886
3749
4567
17143
55234
11338
12272
6295
3823
4494
17717
55938
10587
12569
6675
4168
4743
17862
56604
9859
12815
6978
4370
4637
20085
58744
9241
12855
7398
4155
4383
21261
59293
9450
13959
8333
4357
4332
22543
62974
10056
14188
9216
4877
4179
22939
65454
6.4%
1.6%
10.6%
11.9%
-3.5%
1.8%
3.9%
-3.5%
0.4%
9.3%
6.9%
-1.9%
3.9%
1.7%
15.4%
21.7%
14.1%
7.5%
6.4%
35.0%
100.0%
1317
2330
2102
3681
2241
6792
1312
8307
12527
3245
4797
4567
1362
54579
1439
2457
1975
3570
2305
7827
1538
8101
12198
3341
4961
6004
1675
57392
1967
2498
1609
3616
2086
7540
1680
8357
12415
3268
4712
5392
1385
56524
1947
2518
1449
3748
2074
7257
1790
7276
11744
2943
4531
5631
1340
54247
2154
2599
1539
3568
1949
7397
1944
7595
11976
2878
4755
6226
653
55234
2495
2798
1487
3755
2106
7448
2080
8120
12188
1951
4759
6088
663
55938
2682
3056
1366
3830
2193
7457
1848
8468
11742
2602
4724
6299
338
56604
3563
3296
1347
3790
2578
7948
2102
8365
12242
2127
4590
6307
491
58744
4033
3536
1293
3939
2512
7792
2012
7911
12699
1743
4849
6450
524
59293
4521
3841
1326
4117
2990
8455
2024
8017
13446
1717
4906
7068
546
62974
4723
3906
1400
4170
3110
8634
1817
8526
14992
1683
4486
7514
493
65454
4.5%
1.7%
5.6%
1.3%
4.0%
2.1%
-10.2%
6.3%
11.5%
-2.0%
-8.6%
6.3%
-9.6%
3.9%
14.9%
5.7%
-4.3%
1.6%
3.0%
2.1%
6.1%
-0.7%
1.2%
-5.7%
1.1%
4.8%
-9.9%
1.7%
7.2%
6.0%
2.1%
6.4%
4.8%
13.2%
2.8%
13.0%
22.9%
2.6%
6.9%
11.5%
0.8%
100.0%
Total
Notes: Unless otherwise stated, this table shows inter-regional trade based on the regional classification in the table ‘Oil trade in 2015 and 2016’ (see page 25).
Bunkers are not included as exports.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
Oil: Inter-area movements 2016
To
Crude (million tonnes)
From
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
Europe
Russia
Other CIS
Iraq
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Other Middle East
North Africa
West Africa
East & S. Africa
Australasia
China
India
Japan
Singapore
Other Asia Pacific
Total imports
US
Canada
China
India
Japan Singapore
Other
Asia
Pacific
–
162.6
29.1
79.8
3.2
1.9
0.5
20.9
10.4
54.8
0.6
1.5
3.6
22.2
–
0.2
–
–
–
–
2.1
393.3
15.0
–
0.7
0.3
2.1
–
1.1
–
†
3.1
†
†
3.4
3.5
–
–
–
–
†
–
†
29.2
–
–
–
†
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
†
†
3.3
0.1
1.7
–
1.2
2.9
–
0.4
–
3.3
†
†
1.5
10.1
–
0.2
†
†
†
–
†
24.6
4.0
1.6
13.5
12.7
–
177.4
61.6
49.7
9.6
43.0
0.7
22.2
38.5
64.6
0.1
†
†
†
–
–
†
499.4
–
–
–
†
†
–
0.8
†
–
–
†
–
–
†
–
–
–
–
–
–
†
0.8
†
–
–
–
†
18.2
–
–
–
–
–
†
†
†
†
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.3
0.3
†
0.1
–
0.5
0.4
5.3
3.7
†
13.4
†
0.1
1.1
†
†
†
†
–
–
–
0.1
25.1
0.1
†
–
0.6
0.7
†
0.7
1.2
2.6
8.0
0.7
0.8
†
10.7
†
†
0.2
†
–
–
†
26.3
†
†
–
–
†
0.4
–
–
–
1.0
4.7
1.0
0.1
1.6
–
–
†
†
†
†
11.6
20.4
0.5
0.2
1.0
51.0
5.8
52.5
4.2
36.2
16.3
51.0
12.2
68.4
1.7
59.5
6.7
3.2
–
–
–
†
12.3
382.6
–
–
6.2
27.7
1.2
0.3
1.3
38.0
10.1
40.3
17.4
30.2
3.6
28.9
†
†
–
–
–
†
7.1
212.3
0.4
–
4.6
1.7
–
10.0
0.4
4.0
11.5
59.0
39.6
30.3
0.1
0.3
†
0.4
1.2
–
–
–
4.4
168.0
†
–
–
0.3
†
0.7
–
1.4
6.4
14.4
12.6
7.4
0.6
0.1
†
0.5
†
–
†
–
3.5
48.1
0.7
–
3.8
3.4
2.9
9.2
5.9
21.9
36.2
84.1
34.7
41.3
3.8
15.0
†
4.9
1.6
†
†
0.1
–
269.5
24.4
164.4
60.8
177.4
17.6
274.0
81.7
177.5
103.3
375.3
123.2
203.2
58.2
216.5
6.9
9.4
2.9
†
†
0.1
41.0
2117.8
–
26.0
4.2
9.6
21.4
18.9
0.7
0.2
†
0.3
0.1
0.7
6.6
2.2
†
†
1.0
4.3
1.1
0.9
6.2
104.5
27.0
–
†
0.1
4.0
†
†
–
–
†
†
†
†
†
†
†
0.4
†
†
†
†
31.6
34.6
0.1
–
1.1
1.7
–
†
–
–
–
†
†
0.1
†
†
†
0.1
†
0.1
0.2
0.2
38.2
66.6
0.3
1.5
–
7.0
2.2
0.1
–
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.3
3.7
0.5
0.1
†
3.8
0.5
0.6
0.4
1.2
90.5
33.6
2.1
0.2
4.8
–
89.3
5.7
0.1
2.3
12.6
6.8
6.3
10.7
2.4
0.2
1.2
2.4
13.9
0.2
2.0
4.0
200.8
†
†
†
†
0.5
–
0.7
–
–
–
†
†
†
†
†
†
0.3
†
†
†
0.1
1.7
†
†
†
†
2.8
9.1
–
†
†
†
†
0.2
†
†
†
†
†
†
†
†
†
12.2
2.3
†
†
0.2
15.4
4.2
†
0.2
1.1
1.3
2.2
9.4
0.6
†
0.8
†
1.8
13.9
0.1
0.7
1.0
55.0
5.6
0.2
0.1
1.8
45.8
2.7
0.1
†
3.0
6.4
7.1
3.6
0.3
0.2
0.6
†
1.6
7.1
†
2.4
3.7
92.4
0.5
†
†
0.1
0.1
–
†
–
†
†
0.1
0.1
†
0.3
†
–
1.8
2.5
4.2
7.0
10.9
27.6
7.2
0.2
0.2
3.2
4.8
2.3
0.3
†
1.4
2.2
8.2
3.2
0.9
0.6
†
0.4
–
0.4
2.8
7.0
29.1
74.5
6.7
0.1
†
†
0.6
0.5
†
0.1
0.9
7.7
5.1
4.0
0.2
†
†
†
0.9
–
†
1.4
1.6
30.0
7.7
0.4
–
0.2
0.6
1.6
†
†
2.9
2.3
5.3
5.9
0.5
0.1
†
0.9
0.4
1.9
–
1.2
7.0
39.1
4.3
†
2.5
7.9
21.7
10.4
0.2
0.5
2.0
5.1
5.5
3.1
†
†
0.2
0.5
8.6
7.5
2.7
–
38.7
121.4
7.0
0.1
0.2
0.6
5.6
9.7
0.8
0.3
10.7
9.9
19.8
11.8
1.2
0.9
0.2
0.7
22.8
9.9
2.9
70.6
–
185.8
203.1
29.4
8.8
29.6
132.2
151.0
8.7
1.5
25.0
48.4
60.8
48.6
24.8
7.3
2.3
3.9
46.0
61.9
14.7
93.7
103.5
1105.2
S. & Cent.
Mexico America
Europe
Russia
Other CIS
Middle
East
Africa Australasia
Product (million tonnes)
From
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
Europe
Russia
Other CIS
Iraq
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Other Middle East
North Africa
West Africa
East & S. Africa
Australasia
China
India
Japan
Singapore
Other Asia Pacific
Total imports
†Less than 0.05.
Notes: Bunkers are not included as exports. Intra-area movements (for example, between countries in Europe) are excluded.
Crude imports and exports include condensates.
24
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Major trade movements 2016
Trade flows worldwide (million tonnes)
37.6
266.7
24.5
54.8
67.4
27.3
20.9
188.6
16
160.8
15
53.3
67.0
42.1
34.6
199.1
49 3
49.3
24.4
33.2
5 4
58.4
89.5
69.9
46.5
46.
46
65
24.4
33.5
41.3
153.
3.
3.8
89.4
270.8
21.8
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Middle East
Africa Asia Pacific
42.3
3
70
70.7
22.4
28.9
60.1
27.7
54.2
Oil trade in 2015 and 2016
2015
2016
Million tonnes
Crude imports
Product imports
Crude exports
Product exports
Crude imports
Product imports
Crude exports
Product exports
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
Europe
Russia
Other CIS
Iraq
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
North Africa
West Africa
East & S. Africa
Australasia
China
India
Japan
Singapore
Other Asia Pacific
Total World
366.7
32.3
†
27.0
499.9
2.9
23.1
–
0.1
†
0.4
26.2
8.4
0.8
20.0
24.8
336.2
193.3
168.9
45.9
259.1
2035.9
99.8
29.4
35.2
88.9
187.6
2.0
12.8
1.7
0.7
7.3
16.4
19.3
35.2
31.3
31.3
24.4
75.7
22.8
44.9
125.8
164.2
1056.7
25.3
159.3
57.6
173.4
11.8
261.9
88.5
161.2
96.6
359.2
125.4
157.5
60.6
236.7
8.8
10.5
1.8
0.2
0.3
0.1
39.1
2035.9
191.9
30.7
8.1
30.4
131.7
152.9
11.8
0.8
26.4
38.4
54.2
42.4
23.9
7.3
2.7
3.9
36.2
56.6
14.7
87.7
104.0
1056.7
393.3
29.2
24.6
499.4
0.8
18.3
†
†
†
1.2
23.9
4.4
0.7
21.2
20.4
382.6
212.3
168.0
48.1
269.5
2117.8
104.5
31.6
38.2
90.5
200.8
1.7
12.2
1.2
0.8
7.3
24.4
21.4
34.4
32.9
25.1
27.6
74.5
30.0
39.1
121.4
185.8
1105.2
24.4
164.4
60.8
177.4
17.6
274.0
81.7
177.5
103.3
375.3
123.2
203.2
58.2
216.5
6.9
9.4
2.9
†
†
0.1
41.0
2117.8
203.1
29.4
8.8
29.6
132.2
151.0
8.7
1.5
25.0
48.4
60.8
48.6
24.8
7.3
2.3
3.9
46.0
61.9
14.7
93.7
103.5
1105.2
7365
649
‡
542
10039
58
464
–
2
‡
8
526
168
17
401
497
6751
3881
3392
921
5204
40885
2086
614
735
1858
3921
42
268
35
15
153
343
404
737
655
653
509
1582
476
939
2630
3433
22089
509
3200
1157
3482
237
5259
1777
3238
1939
7214
2518
3163
1218
4753
177
211
36
3
6
2
786
40885
4012
641
169
636
2753
3195
247
17
551
803
1133
887
499
153
56
81
757
1184
306
1834
2174
22089
7877
586
‡
493
10001
15
366
‡
‡
‡
23
480
88
14
425
408
7663
4252
3364
963
5397
42413
2179
659
796
1887
4187
35
254
24
17
152
509
446
717
686
524
575
1553
625
815
2531
3872
23041
489
3293
1217
3554
353
5487
1636
3554
2069
7517
2468
4069
1165
4335
138
189
58
‡
‡
2
822
42413
4234
613
184
617
2756
3147
180
30
521
1009
1268
1013
518
151
49
81
959
1291
307
1954
2159
23041
†
Thousand barrels daily
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
Europe
Russia
Other CIS
Iraq
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
North Africa
West Africa
East & S. Africa
Australasia
China
India
Japan
Singapore
Other Asia Pacific
Total World
†Less than 0.05.
‡Less than 0.5.
Notes: Bunkers are not included as exports. Intra-area movements (for example, between countries in Europe) are excluded.
Crude imports and exports include condensates.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
25
Natural gas
Total proved reserves
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Colombia
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Azerbaijan
Denmark
Germany
Italy
Kazakhstan
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Romania
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Bahrain
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Nigeria
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
Brunei
China
India
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Pakistan
Papua New Guinea
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
*More than 500 years.
†Less than 0.05.
◆Less
At end 1996
Trillion cubic metres
At end 2006
Trillion cubic metres
4.7
1.9
1.8
8.5
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
4.1
0.1
6.0
n/a
0.1
0.2
0.3
n/a
1.6
1.5
0.1
0.4
30.9
n/a
n/a
0.8
n/a
0.2
39.8
0.1
23.0
3.4
†
1.5
0.6
8.5
5.7
0.2
5.8
0.3
†
49.2
3.7
0.8
1.3
3.5
0.8
10.2
1.3
0.3
0.4
1.2
0.6
2.0
2.4
0.3
0.6
†
0.2
0.2
0.4
9.9
123.5
14.7
108.9
3.6
30.9
6.0
1.6
0.4
8.0
0.4
0.7
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.5
4.7
0.1
7.2
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.3
1.2
2.3
0.1
0.6
31.2
2.3
0.7
0.4
1.2
0.2
42.8
0.1
26.9
3.2
†
1.8
1.0
25.5
7.1
0.3
6.4
0.3
†
72.6
4.5
2.0
1.4
5.2
1.2
14.4
2.3
0.4
0.3
1.7
1.1
2.6
2.5
0.5
0.8
†
0.3
0.2
0.4
13.2
158.2
14.9
143.3
2.8
37.6
At end 2015
Trillion cubic metres
8.7
2.2
0.2
11.1
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.3
5.7
0.1
7.7
1.1
†
†
†
1.0
0.7
1.9
0.1
0.1
32.3
17.5
0.6
0.2
1.1
0.2
56.8
0.2
33.5
3.7
0.2
1.8
0.7
24.3
8.4
0.3
6.1
0.3
†
79.4
4.5
1.8
1.5
5.3
1.1
14.2
3.5
0.2
0.3
4.8
1.3
2.8
1.2
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.3
16.2
185.4
17.9
167.5
1.3
53.6
Trillion cubic metres
8.7
2.2
0.2
11.1
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.3
5.7
0.1
7.6
1.1
†
†
†
1.0
0.7
1.8
0.1
0.1
32.3
17.5
0.6
0.2
1.1
0.2
56.7
0.2
33.5
3.7
0.2
1.8
0.7
24.3
8.4
0.3
6.1
0.3
†
79.4
4.5
1.8
1.5
5.3
1.1
14.3
3.5
0.2
0.3
5.4
1.2
2.9
1.2
1.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.3
17.5
186.6
17.8
168.8
1.3
53.6
At end 2016
Trillion cubic Share of
feet
total
307.7
76.7
8.6
393.0
12.4
9.9
13.1
4.4
14.1
10.6
201.3
2.2
268.0
40.6
0.5
1.2
1.2
34.0
24.6
62.3
3.2
3.9
1139.6
617.3
20.9
7.3
38.3
7.2
2002.0
5.8
1183.0
130.5
5.5
63.0
24.9
858.1
297.6
10.1
215.1
9.4
0.2
2803.2
159.1
65.2
53.1
186.6
39.3
503.3
122.6
7.3
9.7
189.5
43.3
101.2
41.3
42.0
16.0
7.4
7.3
21.8
9.8
619.3
6588.8
629.1
5959.7
45.3
1891.8
4.7%
1.2%
0.1%
6.0%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
3.1%
◆
4.1%
0.6%
◆
◆
◆
0.5%
0.4%
0.9%
◆
0.1%
17.3%
9.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.6%
0.1%
30.4%
0.1%
18.0%
2.0%
0.1%
1.0%
0.4%
13.0%
4.5%
0.2%
3.3%
0.1%
◆
42.5%
2.4%
1.0%
0.8%
2.8%
0.6%
7.6%
1.9%
0.1%
0.1%
2.9%
0.7%
1.5%
0.6%
0.6%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%
9.4%
100.0%
9.5%
90.5%
0.7%
28.7%
R/P
ratio
11.6
14.3
5.2
11.7
9.2
14.2
15.8
11.9
28.5
8.7
166.3
26.7
42.9
65.8
2.9
5.3
6.6
48.3
17.4
15.1
23.0
12.0
55.7
261.7
33.2
5.0
17.3
23.2
56.3
10.5
165.5
*
16.8
104.2
19.9
134.1
77.0
79.1
98.5
365.8
52.6
124.5
49.3
44.1
149.2
117.7
54.9
68.4
38.1
7.5
24.6
38.8
44.4
41.1
15.8
63.0
10.9
20.1
5.4
57.6
13.7
30.2
52.5
13.9
74.3
10.8
70.1
than 0.05%.
n/a not available.
Notes: Total proved reserves of natural gas – Generally taken to be those quantities that geological and engineering information indicates with reasonable certainty can be recovered in the
future from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The data series for total proved natural gas reserves does not necessarily meet the definitions, guidelines and
practices used for determining proved reserves at a company level, for instance as published by the US Securities and Exchange Commission, nor does it necessarily represent BP’s view of
proved reserves by country.
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratio – If the reserves remaining at the end of any year are divided by the production in that year, the result is the length of time that those remaining reserves
would last if production were to continue at that rate.
Source of data – The estimates in this table have been compiled using a combination of primary official sources and third-party data from Cedigaz and the OPEC Secretariat.
26
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios
Years
2016 by region
History
160
North America
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Africa
600
Middle East
Asia Pacific
World
500
120
400
80
300
200
40
100
North
America
S. & Cent.
America
Europe &
Eurasia
Middle
East
Africa
Asia
Pacific
0
86
91
96
01
06
11
16
0
Global proved gas reserves in 2016 rose slightly by 1.2 trillion cubic metres (tcm) or 0.6% to 186.6 tcm. As with oil, this is sufficient to meet more than 50 years of current
production (52.5 years). Myanmar (+0.7 tcm) and China (+0.6 tcm) were the main contributors to growth. By region, the Middle East holds the largest proved reserves
(79.4 tcm, 42.5% of the global total), while by country, Iran is the largest reserve holder (33.5 tcm, 18% of total).
N.B. Lags in reporting official data mean that 2016 figures for many countries are not yet available.
Distribution of proved reserves in 1996, 2006 and 2016
Percentage
Middle East
Europe & Eurasia
Asia Pacific
Africa
North America
S. & Cent. America
4.1
42.5
6.0
4.6
45.9
7.6
5.1
4.8
39.8
9.1
6.9
8.2
8.0
8.4
1996
Total 123.5
trillion cubic
metres
2006
Total 158.2
trillion cubic
metres
32.2
27.0
9.4
2016
Total 186.6
trillion cubic
metres
30.4
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
27
Natural gas: Production in billion cubic metres*
Growth rate per annum
Billion cubic metres
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Colombia
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Azerbaijan
Denmark
Germany
Italy
Kazakhstan
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Romania
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Bahrain
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Nigeria
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
Brunei
China
India
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Pakistan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
524.0
171.7
57.3
753.0
46.1
12.9
11.2
7.0
1.8
40.1
31.5
3.6
154.1
6.1
10.4
15.6
10.1
13.4
61.5
88.7
4.3
10.6
595.2
60.4
18.7
80.0
56.6
10.7
1042.2
11.3
111.5
1.5
12.4
25.8
50.7
73.5
5.6
48.8
–
2.6
343.6
84.5
54.7
13.2
29.6
10.6
192.6
39.2
14.9
12.6
60.6
29.3
74.3
62.7
12.6
39.9
24.0
7.0
14.2
391.3
2876.7
1081.3
1795.5
201.9
750.6
545.6
165.5
53.6
764.6
44.8
13.8
11.2
7.5
2.7
42.2
36.2
3.6
162.1
9.8
9.2
14.3
8.8
13.8
60.5
90.3
4.3
10.3
592.0
65.4
18.7
72.1
58.2
10.0
1037.8
11.8
124.9
1.5
11.3
26.1
63.2
74.4
5.4
50.3
–
3.0
371.9
84.8
55.7
15.3
36.9
10.7
203.4
41.2
15.9
12.3
71.6
30.1
71.5
61.5
13.5
40.5
25.7
7.1
16.8
407.8
2947.5
1084.3
1863.2
188.1
758.2
570.8
159.3
53.4
783.5
44.1
14.3
14.0
9.1
3.5
42.0
32.8
3.5
163.0
14.8
10.0
13.0
8.4
16.1
66.5
100.1
4.1
10.0
601.7
66.1
19.0
69.6
57.8
9.4
1066.7
12.7
130.8
1.9
12.7
26.0
77.0
80.4
5.3
50.2
–
3.6
400.7
85.8
59.0
15.9
36.2
15.1
212.0
40.4
17.0
12.2
83.1
30.5
73.7
63.8
12.4
41.4
28.5
7.5
17.8
428.3
3054.2
1115.1
1939.1
189.8
775.6
584.0
147.6
59.3
790.9
41.4
12.3
11.9
10.5
3.5
43.6
31.0
3.4
157.8
14.8
8.4
12.2
7.3
16.5
62.7
104.4
4.1
9.9
527.7
36.4
19.3
59.7
55.6
9.2
947.9
12.8
143.7
1.1
11.5
27.0
89.3
78.5
5.9
48.8
0.7
2.9
422.2
79.6
62.7
15.9
26.0
15.5
199.7
45.9
19.5
11.4
88.2
37.6
76.9
61.1
11.6
41.6
30.6
8.0
18.1
450.3
2968.8
1114.1
1854.8
172.2
670.4
603.6
144.5
57.6
805.7
40.1
14.2
14.6
11.3
7.2
44.8
30.6
3.4
166.2
15.1
8.2
10.6
7.6
17.6
70.5
107.3
4.1
9.6
588.9
42.4
18.5
57.1
54.4
9.3
1021.1
13.1
152.4
1.3
11.7
29.3
131.2
87.7
8.1
51.3
6.0
3.4
495.4
80.4
61.3
16.8
37.3
17.4
213.2
50.4
20.0
12.3
99.1
49.3
85.7
56.2
12.4
42.3
35.8
9.4
17.6
490.6
3192.2
1140.9
2051.3
175.8
737.1
648.5
144.4
58.3
851.2
38.8
15.6
16.7
11.0
11.4
43.1
27.6
2.8
166.9
14.8
6.6
10.0
7.7
17.3
64.1
101.3
4.3
9.6
607.0
59.5
18.7
45.2
57.0
9.2
1032.5
13.3
159.9
0.9
13.5
30.9
145.3
92.3
7.1
52.3
9.0
4.4
528.8
82.7
61.4
7.9
40.6
16.8
209.4
53.2
20.3
12.8
109.0
44.5
81.5
62.2
12.8
42.3
36.6
8.5
17.8
501.4
3290.2
1162.8
2127.4
155.3
774.7
680.5
141.1
57.2
878.9
37.7
17.8
19.3
12.0
11.9
42.7
29.5
2.7
173.4
15.6
5.7
9.0
7.8
17.2
63.8
114.7
4.3
10.0
592.3
62.3
18.6
38.9
56.9
8.3
1025.5
13.7
166.2
0.6
15.5
32.2
157.0
99.3
5.8
54.3
7.3
2.7
554.7
81.5
60.9
11.1
43.3
17.6
214.4
56.9
22.2
12.6
111.8
38.9
77.1
61.5
12.7
43.8
41.0
9.4
17.5
505.4
3352.3
1197.2
2155.1
146.6
763.0
685.4
141.4
58.2
885.0
35.5
20.3
21.3
12.6
12.2
42.8
28.4
2.4
175.6
16.2
4.8
8.2
7.0
18.4
68.6
108.7
4.2
9.6
604.7
62.3
19.3
36.5
56.9
7.2
1032.7
14.7
166.8
1.2
16.3
34.8
177.6
100.0
4.8
54.6
9.9
6.5
587.2
82.4
56.1
11.6
36.2
20.0
206.3
59.0
22.8
12.2
122.2
32.1
76.5
67.3
13.1
42.6
41.3
9.8
18.1
517.0
3403.9
1202.0
2201.9
144.8
778.1
733.1
147.2
57.1
937.3
35.5
21.0
22.7
11.8
12.9
42.1
28.6
2.3
176.9
17.6
4.6
7.7
6.5
18.7
57.9
108.8
4.1
9.7
581.7
67.1
18.2
36.8
57.3
6.4
1003.2
15.5
185.8
0.9
15.0
33.3
174.1
102.4
4.4
54.2
9.3
7.7
602.6
83.3
48.8
11.3
45.0
18.6
207.1
63.6
23.9
11.9
131.6
30.5
75.3
68.4
16.8
41.9
41.6
10.2
23.1
538.8
3465.9
1247.6
2218.3
132.5
760.9
766.2
149.1
54.1
969.4
36.5
20.3
23.1
11.1
12.5
39.6
32.4
2.5
178.0
17.9
4.6
7.2
6.2
19.0
43.3
117.2
4.1
9.8
575.1
69.6
17.9
39.6
57.7
6.2
995.4
15.5
189.4
1.0
16.9
34.7
178.5
104.5
4.1
60.2
2.7
8.4
615.9
84.6
44.3
11.8
50.1
19.3
210.0
72.6
26.9
11.6
136.1
29.3
75.0
71.2
19.6
42.0
39.3
10.7
27.6
561.9
3530.6
1284.5
2246.1
119.8
757.6
749.2
152.0
47.2
948.4
38.3
19.7
23.5
10.4
14.0
34.5
34.3
2.4
177.0
17.5
4.5
6.6
5.3
19.9
40.2
116.6
3.9
9.2
579.4
66.8
17.8
41.0
62.8
8.7
1000.1
15.5
202.4
1.1
17.1
35.4
181.2
109.4
3.6
61.9
0.7
9.4
637.8
91.3
41.8
10.1
44.9
20.2
208.3
91.2
27.5
11.2
138.4
27.6
69.7
73.8
18.9
41.5
38.6
10.7
30.8
579.9
3551.6
1281.6
2270.0
118.2
764.3
-2.5%
1.7%
-13.0%
-2.4%
4.6%
-3.0%
1.2%
-6.6%
11.7%
-13.2%
5.5%
-4.6%
-0.8%
-3.0%
-2.2%
-8.2%
-14.8%
4.5%
-7.6%
-0.7%
-3.8%
-6.5%
0.5%
-4.3%
-1.1%
3.3%
8.4%
40.3%
0.2%
-0.8%
6.6%
12.6%
1.0%
1.7%
1.3%
4.4%
-11.6%
2.5%
-73.4%
11.9%
3.3%
7.6%
-5.7%
-14.7%
-10.6%
4.5%
-1.1%
25.2%
2.2%
-3.8%
1.4%
-6.0%
-7.4%
3.4%
-3.9%
-1.3%
-2.2%
0.2%
11.3%
2.9%
0.3%
-0.5%
0.8%
-1.6%
0.6%
4.1%
-1.3%
0.3%
2.8%
-2.2%
5.3%
7.8%
5.2%
23.5%
1.8%
1.7%
-2.7%
2.4%
13.2%
-7.9%
-7.6%
-5.7%
4.0%
-3.6%
3.2%
-0.5%
-1.0%
-0.1%
2.0%
-0.3%
-7.7%
0.7%
-4.8%
-0.3%
3.8%
6.4%
-3.6%
3.2%
4.6%
14.6%
3.9%
-3.0%
2.3%
–
16.0%
6.7%
-0.4%
0.4%
0.4%
7.2%
6.9%
1.7%
7.0%
6.9%
-0.3%
10.3%
-0.1%
◆
1.1%
4.8%
0.7%
5.3%
5.2%
9.6%
4.1%
2.4%
1.9%
2.8%
-5.5%
0.4%
Share
2016
21.1%
4.3%
1.3%
26.7%
1.1%
0.6%
0.7%
0.3%
0.4%
1.0%
1.0%
0.1%
5.0%
0.5%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.6%
1.1%
3.3%
0.1%
0.3%
16.3%
1.9%
0.5%
1.2%
1.8%
0.2%
28.2%
0.4%
5.7%
◆
0.5%
1.0%
5.1%
3.1%
0.1%
1.7%
◆
0.3%
18.0%
2.6%
1.2%
0.3%
1.3%
0.6%
5.9%
2.6%
0.8%
0.3%
3.9%
0.8%
2.0%
2.1%
0.5%
1.2%
1.1%
0.3%
0.9%
16.3%
100.0%
36.1%
63.9%
3.3%
21.5%
*E xcludes gas flared or recycled. Includes natural gas produced for Gas-to-Liquids transformation.
Source: Includes data from Cedigaz.
◆Less than 0.05%.
Notes: As far as possible, the data above represents standard cubic metres (measured at 15ºC and 1013 mbar); as they are derived directly from tonnes of oil equivalent using an average
conversion factor, they do not necessarily equate with gas volumes expressed in specific national terms.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using billion cubic metres figures.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Natural gas production data expressed in billion cubic feet per day is available at bp.com/statisticalreview
28
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Natural gas: Consumption in billion cubic metres*
Growth rate per annum
Billion cubic metres
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
614.4
96.9
66.6
778.0
41.8
20.6
7.2
7.0
0.4
1.8
21.2
31.5
4.0
135.5
9.3
9.1
18.8
16.7
3.2
8.4
5.1
4.2
44.0
87.9
3.1
12.7
4.4
77.4
7.4
2.7
38.0
4.4
13.7
4.1
15.9
415.0
6.0
34.7
0.9
2.7
30.5
18.4
67.0
90.0
41.9
17.1
1114.8
112.0
2.3
12.5
19.2
73.5
43.4
33.5
296.3
23.7
36.5
3.5
25.9
89.6
25.1
14.9
59.3
2.9
37.3
36.6
83.7
35.3
3.7
39.9
3.0
8.6
32.0
10.1
31.5
7.0
5.5
436.5
2850.6
1433.7
1417.0
490.1
582.5
654.2
96.2
63.4
813.8
43.9
21.2
4.3
7.4
0.5
2.7
21.9
36.2
4.5
142.6
8.8
8.0
18.8
16.6
3.2
7.9
4.5
3.9
42.8
84.7
3.7
11.9
4.8
77.3
9.0
3.2
36.9
4.3
13.8
4.3
14.1
422.0
5.7
35.3
1.0
2.6
36.1
21.3
63.2
91.0
45.9
17.4
1123.8
125.5
2.7
12.1
23.5
74.4
49.2
34.3
321.7
24.3
38.4
3.5
30.5
96.7
28.1
15.9
73.0
2.7
40.3
34.1
90.2
35.5
4.0
40.5
3.6
8.6
34.7
10.7
33.6
7.1
6.0
468.7
2967.3
1478.8
1488.6
483.0
593.6
659.1
96.1
66.3
821.5
44.4
24.9
2.4
7.6
0.4
3.4
21.3
34.3
4.8
143.4
9.4
9.2
19.3
16.5
3.2
7.9
4.6
4.0
44.3
85.5
3.9
11.7
5.0
77.2
8.9
2.9
38.5
4.3
14.9
4.7
14.0
416.0
5.7
38.8
0.9
2.8
37.5
21.4
60.0
93.8
48.7
16.6
1132.2
133.2
3.8
12.8
19.3
80.4
59.5
38.4
347.3
25.4
40.8
3.7
30.8
100.7
27.9
17.0
84.1
3.2
41.5
39.1
93.7
39.2
3.8
41.4
3.7
9.2
35.7
11.6
35.3
7.5
5.8
499.8
3044.9
1503.8
1541.1
494.9
589.0
648.7
94.9
72.2
815.9
42.1
20.1
2.4
8.7
0.5
3.5
22.2
32.3
5.0
136.7
9.2
7.8
16.1
16.8
2.3
7.4
4.4
3.6
42.7
80.7
3.3
10.2
4.7
71.0
8.3
2.4
38.9
4.1
14.4
4.7
11.7
389.6
4.9
34.7
1.1
2.7
35.7
19.7
46.8
87.0
39.9
14.6
1041.3
142.7
4.2
12.4
20.8
78.5
59.1
41.5
359.1
27.2
42.5
3.4
26.4
99.5
29.1
19.5
92.6
3.1
50.7
41.5
87.4
35.4
4.0
41.6
3.8
9.7
33.9
11.4
36.4
8.0
5.3
513.3
2965.9
1461.8
1504.1
462.8
533.1
682.1
95.0
72.5
849.6
43.3
26.8
4.9
9.1
0.5
4.9
23.2
32.2
5.3
150.2
10.0
7.4
19.7
18.9
2.6
8.5
5.0
3.9
47.3
84.1
3.6
10.9
5.2
75.6
8.9
2.8
43.6
4.1
15.5
5.1
12.0
414.1
5.6
34.6
1.5
3.0
39.0
22.6
52.2
94.2
40.8
16.0
1118.4
152.9
5.3
14.5
29.8
87.7
60.8
45.5
396.5
26.3
45.1
3.9
31.1
106.4
31.1
20.0
111.2
3.8
60.3
43.4
94.5
29.6
4.3
42.3
3.5
8.8
43.0
14.1
41.3
9.4
5.8
566.4
3187.6
1554.8
1632.8
497.9
570.9
693.1
100.9
76.6
870.6
45.1
26.7
5.0
8.8
0.4
5.5
23.3
29.7
5.9
150.5
9.4
8.1
18.3
15.8
2.9
7.7
4.2
3.5
41.1
77.3
4.4
10.4
4.6
70.9
10.0
3.0
38.1
4.4
15.7
5.2
12.3
424.6
5.2
32.1
1.2
2.7
40.9
23.5
53.7
78.1
47.6
16.2
1092.8
162.2
5.0
16.7
19.6
92.3
63.2
44.4
403.4
27.8
49.6
4.1
31.7
113.3
33.7
20.3
137.1
3.1
61.1
42.1
105.5
34.8
3.9
42.3
3.9
8.7
46.3
15.5
42.3
8.5
6.3
615.4
3245.9
1545.1
1700.8
449.7
591.0
723.2
100.2
79.9
903.3
46.7
31.7
4.6
9.8
0.6
6.2
22.2
31.4
6.5
159.6
8.9
8.5
18.5
16.0
2.7
7.6
3.9
3.1
42.5
77.5
4.0
9.3
4.5
68.2
10.8
2.9
36.0
4.4
16.6
4.5
12.4
416.2
4.9
31.7
1.0
2.9
41.4
26.3
49.6
73.9
47.2
16.0
1074.0
161.5
2.6
18.5
23.4
99.3
65.6
44.2
415.0
31.0
52.6
4.4
32.6
120.6
33.8
22.2
150.9
2.8
56.5
42.2
116.9
35.5
4.2
43.8
3.7
9.4
50.2
16.3
46.5
9.4
6.2
650.5
3323.1
1580.9
1742.2
438.6
582.9
740.6
103.9
83.3
927.8
46.7
37.3
4.6
10.0
0.6
6.0
22.4
30.5
7.0
165.2
8.6
8.6
18.5
15.8
2.6
7.7
3.7
2.8
43.1
81.2
3.6
8.7
4.3
63.8
11.2
2.4
36.5
4.4
16.6
4.3
11.3
413.5
5.3
29.0
1.0
3.1
42.0
22.9
43.3
73.0
46.8
14.9
1054.4
162.9
6.9
18.7
37.9
100.0
66.9
46.9
440.3
33.4
51.4
4.6
33.8
123.2
35.5
22.8
171.9
2.6
49.3
40.8
116.9
40.3
4.5
42.6
3.4
10.5
52.5
16.3
46.7
9.8
6.4
672.9
3383.8
1609.5
1774.4
431.2
569.6
753.0
104.2
86.8
944.1
47.2
39.5
3.8
10.9
0.7
6.8
22.0
30.7
7.3
168.9
7.9
9.4
18.3
13.8
2.6
6.9
3.1
2.5
36.2
70.6
2.7
7.8
4.1
56.3
12.5
2.3
31.8
4.7
16.3
4.1
10.5
409.7
4.2
26.3
0.9
2.7
44.6
25.6
36.8
66.7
48.8
14.9
1005.6
183.7
7.6
18.5
36.4
102.4
65.9
46.3
460.8
37.5
48.0
5.0
36.6
127.0
38.3
23.9
188.4
2.5
48.8
40.9
118.0
42.2
4.9
41.9
3.6
10.9
47.8
17.2
47.7
10.2
7.2
694.4
3400.8
1580.6
1820.2
383.0
566.4
773.2
102.5
87.1
962.8
48.2
41.7
4.1
10.7
0.6
7.2
21.5
34.5
7.3
175.8
8.3
10.6
15.6
15.1
2.9
7.2
3.2
2.2
38.9
73.5
2.8
8.3
4.2
61.4
12.9
2.3
31.5
4.8
16.3
4.8
9.9
402.8
4.3
27.3
0.9
2.9
43.6
29.4
28.8
68.1
50.2
15.1
1010.2
190.8
8.4
21.3
43.9
104.5
73.8
51.0
493.6
39.4
47.8
5.1
43.5
135.8
42.9
26.9
194.8
3.2
45.7
40.4
113.4
41.8
4.5
43.5
3.3
12.2
43.6
18.4
48.7
10.7
7.8
701.8
3480.1
1611.4
1868.7
399.1
555.4
778.6
99.9
89.5
968.0
49.6
36.6
4.5
10.6
0.6
7.9
19.1
35.6
7.4
171.9
8.7
10.4
17.0
15.4
3.0
7.8
3.2
2.0
42.6
80.5
2.8
8.9
4.8
64.5
13.4
2.0
33.6
4.9
17.3
5.2
10.6
390.9
4.4
28.0
0.9
3.0
42.1
29.5
29.0
76.7
51.4
15.5
1029.9
200.8
9.7
21.9
41.7
109.4
76.6
52.3
512.3
40.0
51.3
5.1
41.7
138.2
41.1
27.5
210.3
3.3
50.1
37.7
111.2
43.0
4.7
45.5
3.8
12.5
45.5
19.1
48.3
10.7
8.0
722.5
3542.9
1644.1
1898.8
428.8
546.7
0.4%
-2.8%
2.5%
0.3%
2.7%
-12.5%
11.1%
-1.6%
1.5%
9.8%
-11.4%
2.7%
1.1%
-2.5%
4.4%
-2.2%
9.0%
1.8%
3.9%
7.9%
1.4%
-9.2%
9.0%
9.2%
0.6%
7.0%
14.0%
4.7%
3.8%
-11.1%
6.4%
0.4%
5.7%
8.1%
6.2%
-3.2%
1.6%
2.0%
10.0%
4.8%
-3.7%
2.2%
0.5%
3.6%
2.1%
1.8%
7.9%
-6.3%
4.8%
6.9%
16.8%
2.8%
2.3%
8.1%
3.6%
-1.7%
2.2%
-1.6%
-0.8%
-0.8%
-1.7%
-4.4%
-5.8%
-1.6%
-1.6%
0.5%
-4.7%
0.8%
-2.5%
6.3%
-1.8%
-2.3%
0.8%
1.9%
1.2%
-4.3%
0.2%
-4.1%
-1.9%
-0.9%
0.2%
5.0%
6.2%
-8.4%
-3.3%
1.6%
1.4%
-0.8%
6.4%
17.8%
5.7%
9.0%
3.9%
5.8%
5.2%
5.9%
5.4%
4.2%
4.9%
4.9%
4.8%
6.6%
6.9%
15.0%
1.9%
2.5%
1.2%
3.7%
1.8%
2.3%
1.1%
0.6%
6.5%
3.7%
6.9%
4.7%
5.2%
4.0%
5.6%
2.3%
1.2%
3.4%
-2.2%
-0.1%
◆
0.3%
12.2%
2.0%
2.4%
1.7%
5.0%
14.5%
2.5%
-5.4%
4.4%
3.6%
2.3%
3.5%
1.2%
7.0%
1.3%
-4.4%
1.4%
-4.4%
2.2%
7.7%
2.4%
9.2%
-7.0%
-2.2%
2.7%
4.3%
4.2%
14.3%
2.5%
4.0%
3.6%
-1.0%
0.2%
2.7%
2.7%
1.5%
1.7%
1.3%
7.1%
-1.8%
Share
2016
22.0%
2.8%
2.5%
27.3%
1.4%
1.0%
0.1%
0.3%
◆
0.2%
0.5%
1.0%
0.2%
4.9%
0.2%
0.3%
0.5%
0.4%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
1.2%
2.3%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%
1.8%
0.4%
0.1%
0.9%
0.1%
0.5%
0.1%
0.3%
11.0%
0.1%
0.8%
◆
0.1%
1.2%
0.8%
0.8%
2.2%
1.4%
0.4%
29.1%
5.7%
0.3%
0.6%
1.2%
3.1%
2.2%
1.5%
14.5%
1.1%
1.4%
0.1%
1.2%
3.9%
1.2%
0.8%
5.9%
0.1%
1.4%
1.1%
3.1%
1.2%
0.1%
1.3%
0.1%
0.4%
1.3%
0.5%
1.4%
0.3%
0.2%
20.4%
100.0%
46.4%
53.6%
12.1%
15.4%
*Excludes natural gas converted to liquid fuels but includes derivatives of coal as well as natural gas consumed in Gas-to-Liquids transformation.
Source: Includes data from Cedigaz.
than 0.05%.
Notes: As far as possible, the data above represents standard cubic metres (measured at 15ºC and 1013 mbar); as they are derived directly from tonnes of oil equivalent using an average
conversion factor, they do not necessarily equate with gas volumes expressed in specific national terms.
The difference between these world consumption figures and the world production statistics is due to variations in stocks at storage facilities and liquefaction plants, together with unavoidable
disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of gas supply and demand data.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using billion cubic metres figures.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Natural gas consumption data expressed in billion cubic feet per day is available at bp.com/statisticalreview
◆Less
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
29
Natural gas: Production in million tonnes oil equivalent*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes oil equivalent
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Colombia
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Azerbaijan
Denmark
Germany
Italy
Kazakhstan
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Romania
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Bahrain
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Nigeria
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
Brunei
China
India
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Pakistan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
479.3
154.5
51.6
685.4
41.5
11.6
10.0
6.3
1.6
36.1
28.3
3.2
138.7
5.5
9.3
14.1
9.1
12.0
55.4
79.8
3.9
9.6
535.6
54.3
16.9
72.0
51.0
9.7
938.0
10.2
100.3
1.3
11.2
23.2
45.6
66.1
5.1
43.9
–
2.3
309.2
76.0
49.2
11.9
26.6
9.6
173.3
35.3
13.4
11.3
54.5
26.4
66.9
56.4
11.3
35.9
21.6
6.3
12.8
352.2
2596.8
980.9
1615.9
181.7
675.5
498.6
148.9
48.2
695.7
40.3
12.4
10.1
6.8
2.4
38.0
32.6
3.3
145.9
8.8
8.3
12.9
7.9
12.4
54.4
81.3
3.9
9.2
532.8
58.9
16.9
64.9
52.4
9.0
934.0
10.6
112.5
1.3
10.1
23.5
56.9
67.0
4.9
45.3
–
2.7
334.7
76.3
50.1
13.8
33.2
9.7
183.1
37.1
14.3
11.0
64.5
27.1
64.4
55.4
12.2
36.4
23.1
6.4
15.1
367.0
2660.3
983.5
1676.9
169.3
682.4
521.7
143.4
48.0
713.2
39.7
12.9
12.6
8.2
3.1
37.8
29.5
3.1
146.7
13.3
9.0
11.7
7.6
14.4
59.9
90.1
3.7
9.0
541.5
59.5
17.1
62.7
52.0
8.5
960.0
11.4
117.7
1.7
11.4
23.4
69.3
72.4
4.8
45.2
–
3.3
360.6
77.2
53.1
14.3
32.5
13.6
190.8
36.4
15.3
10.9
74.8
27.5
66.4
57.4
11.2
37.3
25.6
6.7
16.0
385.5
2756.7
1011.5
1745.2
170.8
698.0
532.7
132.8
53.3
718.9
37.3
11.1
10.7
9.5
3.2
39.3
27.9
3.1
142.0
13.3
7.5
11.0
6.6
14.9
56.4
93.9
3.7
8.9
474.9
32.7
17.3
53.7
50.0
8.2
853.1
11.5
129.3
1.0
10.3
24.3
80.4
70.6
5.3
44.0
0.7
2.6
380.0
71.6
56.4
14.3
23.4
14.0
179.7
41.3
17.5
10.3
79.4
33.8
69.2
55.0
10.4
37.4
27.5
7.2
16.3
405.3
2679.1
1009.8
1669.3
155.0
603.4
549.5
130.1
51.8
731.4
36.1
12.8
13.1
10.1
6.5
40.3
27.6
3.1
149.6
13.6
7.3
9.6
6.9
15.8
63.4
96.5
3.7
8.6
530.0
38.1
16.7
51.4
49.0
8.4
919.0
11.8
137.1
1.2
10.6
26.4
118.0
78.9
7.2
46.2
5.4
3.1
445.8
72.4
55.2
15.1
33.6
15.6
191.9
45.4
18.0
11.1
89.2
44.3
77.1
50.6
11.2
38.1
32.2
8.5
15.9
441.5
2879.2
1033.1
1846.2
158.2
663.4
589.8
130.0
52.4
772.2
34.9
14.0
15.1
9.9
10.2
38.8
24.8
2.5
150.2
13.3
5.9
9.0
6.9
15.6
57.7
91.1
3.8
8.7
546.3
53.6
16.9
40.7
51.3
8.3
929.2
12.0
143.9
0.8
12.2
27.8
130.7
83.0
6.4
47.1
8.1
4.0
475.9
74.4
55.3
7.1
36.5
15.1
188.4
47.9
18.3
11.5
98.1
40.1
73.3
56.0
11.5
38.1
32.9
7.6
16.0
451.2
2967.3
1052.7
1914.7
139.8
697.2
620.2
127.0
51.5
798.7
34.0
16.0
17.3
10.8
10.7
38.4
26.5
2.4
156.1
14.0
5.2
8.1
7.0
15.5
57.4
103.3
3.9
9.0
533.0
56.1
16.7
35.0
51.2
7.5
923.0
12.4
149.5
0.6
14.0
29.0
141.3
89.4
5.2
48.9
6.5
2.4
499.2
73.4
54.8
10.0
39.0
15.9
192.9
51.2
20.0
11.3
100.7
35.0
69.4
55.4
11.5
39.4
36.9
8.4
15.8
454.9
3024.7
1085.1
1939.6
132.0
686.7
626.4
127.3
52.4
806.1
32.0
18.3
19.2
11.4
11.0
38.6
25.6
2.2
158.1
14.6
4.3
7.4
6.3
16.6
61.8
97.9
3.8
8.6
544.2
56.1
17.3
32.8
51.2
6.5
929.4
13.2
150.1
1.1
14.7
31.3
159.8
90.0
4.3
49.1
8.9
5.9
528.5
74.2
50.5
10.5
32.6
18.0
185.7
53.1
20.5
11.0
110.0
28.9
68.8
60.5
11.8
38.4
37.2
8.8
16.3
465.3
3073.1
1091.3
1981.8
130.4
700.3
673.3
132.4
51.4
857.1
31.9
18.9
20.4
10.6
11.6
37.9
25.8
2.1
159.2
15.8
4.1
7.0
5.9
16.9
52.1
97.9
3.7
8.8
523.6
60.4
16.4
33.1
51.6
5.7
902.9
13.9
167.3
0.8
13.5
30.0
156.7
92.1
4.0
48.8
8.4
6.9
542.4
75.0
43.9
10.2
40.5
16.8
186.3
57.3
21.5
10.7
118.4
27.5
67.7
61.5
15.2
37.7
37.5
9.2
20.8
484.9
3132.8
1136.3
1996.5
119.3
684.8
707.1
134.2
48.7
890.0
32.8
18.2
20.8
10.0
11.2
35.7
29.2
2.2
160.2
16.2
4.1
6.5
5.5
17.1
39.0
105.4
3.7
8.8
517.6
62.6
16.1
35.6
52.0
5.6
895.9
14.0
170.4
0.9
15.2
31.3
160.6
94.0
3.7
54.2
2.5
7.6
554.3
76.1
39.8
10.6
45.1
17.4
189.0
65.4
24.2
10.5
122.5
26.4
67.5
64.1
17.6
37.8
35.4
9.6
24.8
505.7
3195.0
1173.5
2021.5
107.8
681.8
690.8
136.8
42.5
870.1
34.4
17.8
21.1
9.4
12.6
31.0
30.9
2.1
159.3
15.7
4.0
6.0
4.7
17.9
36.1
105.0
3.6
8.2
521.5
60.1
16.0
36.9
56.5
7.9
900.1
13.9
182.2
1.0
15.4
31.9
163.1
98.4
3.2
55.7
0.7
8.5
574.0
82.2
37.6
9.1
40.4
18.2
187.5
82.0
24.8
10.1
124.6
24.9
62.7
66.5
17.0
37.4
34.7
9.6
27.7
521.9
3212.9
1169.9
2043.0
106.4
687.9
-2.6%
1.7%
-13.0%
-2.5%
4.6%
-3.0%
1.2%
-6.6%
11.7%
-13.2%
5.5%
-4.6%
-0.8%
-3.0%
-2.2%
-8.2%
-14.8%
4.5%
-7.6%
-0.7%
-3.8%
-6.5%
0.5%
-4.3%
-1.1%
3.3%
8.4%
40.3%
0.2%
-0.8%
6.6%
12.6%
1.0%
1.7%
1.3%
4.4%
-11.6%
2.5%
-73.4%
11.9%
3.3%
7.6%
-5.7%
-14.7%
-10.6%
4.5%
-1.1%
25.2%
2.2%
-3.8%
1.4%
-6.0%
-7.4%
3.4%
-3.9%
-1.3%
-2.2%
0.2%
11.3%
2.9%
0.3%
-0.6%
0.8%
-1.6%
0.6%
4.2%
-1.3%
0.3%
2.9%
-2.2%
5.3%
7.8%
5.2%
23.5%
1.8%
1.7%
-2.7%
2.4%
13.2%
-7.9%
-7.6%
-5.7%
4.0%
-3.6%
3.2%
-0.5%
-1.0%
-0.1%
2.0%
-0.3%
-7.7%
0.7%
-4.8%
-0.3%
3.8%
6.4%
-3.6%
3.2%
4.6%
14.6%
3.9%
-3.0%
2.3%
–
16.0%
6.7%
-0.4%
0.4%
0.4%
7.2%
6.9%
1.7%
7.0%
6.9%
-0.3%
10.3%
-0.1%
*Excludes gas flared or recycled. Includes natural gas produced for Gas-to-Liquids transformation. ◆Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes oil equivalent figures.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
30
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
◆
1.1%
4.8%
0.7%
5.3%
5.2%
9.6%
4.1%
2.5%
1.9%
2.8%
-5.5%
0.4%
Share
2016
21.5%
4.3%
1.3%
27.1%
1.1%
0.6%
0.7%
0.3%
0.4%
1.0%
1.0%
0.1%
5.0%
0.5%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.6%
1.1%
3.3%
0.1%
0.3%
16.2%
1.9%
0.5%
1.1%
1.8%
0.2%
28.0%
0.4%
5.7%
◆
0.5%
1.0%
5.1%
3.1%
0.1%
1.7%
◆
0.3%
17.9%
2.6%
1.2%
0.3%
1.3%
0.6%
5.8%
2.6%
0.8%
0.3%
3.9%
0.8%
2.0%
2.1%
0.5%
1.2%
1.1%
0.3%
0.9%
16.2%
100.0%
36.4%
63.6%
3.3%
21.4%
Source: Includes data from Cedigaz.
Natural gas: Consumption in million tonnes oil equivalent*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes oil equivalent
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
560.4
87.3
59.9
707.6
37.6
18.5
6.5
6.3
0.4
1.6
19.1
28.3
3.6
121.9
8.4
8.2
16.9
15.0
2.9
7.6
4.6
3.8
39.6
79.1
2.8
11.5
3.9
69.7
6.6
2.5
34.2
4.0
12.4
3.7
14.4
373.5
5.4
31.2
0.8
2.4
27.4
16.5
60.3
81.0
37.7
15.4
1003.3
100.8
2.1
11.3
17.2
66.1
39.0
30.2
266.7
21.4
32.9
3.1
23.3
80.6
22.6
13.4
53.4
2.6
33.5
32.9
75.4
31.8
3.3
35.9
2.7
7.7
28.8
9.1
28.4
6.3
4.9
392.9
2573.0
1297.7
1275.3
441.1
524.3
596.3
86.6
57.1
739.9
39.5
19.1
3.8
6.7
0.4
2.4
19.7
32.6
4.1
128.4
7.9
7.2
16.9
14.9
2.9
7.1
4.1
3.5
38.5
76.2
3.3
10.7
4.3
69.5
8.1
2.9
33.2
3.8
12.4
3.9
12.7
379.8
5.1
31.8
0.9
2.4
32.5
19.1
56.9
81.9
41.3
15.6
1011.4
113.0
2.5
10.9
21.2
67.0
44.3
30.8
289.6
21.9
34.5
3.1
27.5
87.0
25.3
14.3
65.7
2.5
36.3
30.7
81.2
31.9
3.6
36.4
3.2
7.7
31.2
9.6
30.2
6.4
5.4
421.8
2678.1
1338.4
1339.7
434.7
534.3
600.8
86.5
59.7
747.0
40.0
22.4
2.1
6.8
0.4
3.1
19.2
30.9
4.3
129.1
8.5
8.2
17.4
14.8
2.9
7.1
4.1
3.6
39.9
77.0
3.5
10.6
4.5
69.5
8.0
2.6
34.6
3.9
13.5
4.3
12.6
374.4
5.2
34.9
0.8
2.5
33.8
19.3
54.0
84.4
43.8
14.9
1018.9
119.9
3.4
11.5
17.4
72.4
53.5
34.6
312.5
22.8
36.8
3.4
27.7
90.6
25.1
15.3
75.7
2.9
37.4
35.2
84.4
35.3
3.4
37.3
3.4
8.3
32.1
10.5
31.8
6.7
5.2
449.8
2748.0
1361.0
1387.0
445.4
530.1
590.1
85.4
65.0
740.5
37.9
18.1
2.2
7.8
0.4
3.1
19.9
29.0
4.5
123.0
8.2
7.0
14.5
15.1
2.1
6.7
3.9
3.2
38.4
72.6
2.9
9.2
4.3
63.9
7.5
2.2
35.0
3.7
13.0
4.2
10.5
350.7
4.4
31.2
1.0
2.4
32.1
17.7
42.1
78.3
35.9
13.2
937.2
128.4
3.8
11.1
18.7
70.6
53.2
37.4
323.2
24.5
38.3
3.0
23.8
89.6
26.2
17.5
83.3
2.8
45.6
37.3
78.7
31.8
3.6
37.4
3.4
8.7
30.5
10.2
32.8
7.2
4.8
462.0
2675.5
1321.8
1353.7
416.5
479.8
619.3
85.5
65.2
770.0
39.0
24.1
4.4
8.2
0.4
4.4
20.9
29.0
4.8
135.2
9.0
6.7
17.8
17.0
2.3
7.6
4.5
3.6
42.6
75.7
3.2
9.8
4.7
68.1
8.0
2.5
39.2
3.7
14.0
4.6
10.8
372.7
5.0
31.1
1.3
2.7
35.1
20.4
47.0
84.8
36.8
14.4
1006.5
137.6
4.8
13.1
26.9
78.9
54.7
41.0
356.9
23.7
40.6
3.5
28.0
95.8
28.0
18.0
100.1
3.4
54.3
39.1
85.1
26.6
3.9
38.1
3.2
7.9
38.7
12.7
37.2
8.5
5.2
509.8
2874.2
1404.8
1469.5
448.1
513.8
628.8
90.8
68.9
788.6
40.6
24.0
4.5
8.0
0.4
5.0
21.0
26.7
5.3
135.4
8.4
7.3
16.5
14.2
2.6
6.9
3.7
3.1
37.0
69.5
4.0
9.4
4.1
63.8
9.0
2.7
34.3
4.0
14.1
4.7
11.0
382.1
4.6
28.9
1.1
2.4
36.8
21.2
48.3
70.3
42.9
14.6
983.5
146.0
4.5
15.0
17.7
83.0
56.9
39.9
363.0
25.1
44.7
3.7
28.5
101.9
30.3
18.3
123.4
2.7
55.0
37.9
95.0
31.3
3.5
38.1
3.5
7.9
41.7
14.0
38.1
7.6
5.6
553.8
2926.3
1395.6
1530.7
404.7
531.9
657.4
90.2
71.9
819.5
42.1
28.5
4.1
8.9
0.5
5.5
20.0
28.3
5.8
143.6
8.1
7.7
16.7
14.4
2.5
6.9
3.5
2.7
38.2
69.7
3.6
8.4
4.0
61.4
9.7
2.7
32.4
3.9
15.0
4.0
11.2
374.6
4.4
28.6
0.9
2.6
37.3
23.7
44.6
66.5
42.5
14.4
966.6
145.4
2.3
16.6
21.1
89.4
59.0
39.8
373.5
27.9
47.3
4.0
29.3
108.6
30.4
20.0
135.8
2.5
50.8
38.0
105.2
31.9
3.8
39.4
3.3
8.5
45.2
14.7
41.8
8.4
5.6
585.5
2997.4
1429.4
1568.0
394.7
524.6
675.5
93.5
74.9
843.9
42.1
33.6
4.1
9.0
0.6
5.4
20.2
27.5
6.3
148.7
7.7
7.7
16.7
14.2
2.4
6.9
3.3
2.6
38.8
73.1
3.2
7.8
3.8
57.4
10.1
2.2
32.8
4.0
15.0
3.8
10.2
372.1
4.8
26.1
0.9
2.8
37.8
20.6
38.9
65.7
42.2
13.4
949.0
146.6
6.2
16.8
34.1
90.0
60.2
42.2
396.3
30.0
46.3
4.1
30.4
110.9
32.0
20.5
154.7
2.4
44.4
36.7
105.2
36.3
4.0
38.4
3.0
9.5
47.3
14.7
42.0
8.8
5.8
605.6
3054.4
1457.4
1596.9
388.1
512.6
690.0
93.8
78.1
862.0
42.5
35.6
3.4
9.8
0.6
6.1
19.8
27.7
6.6
152.0
7.1
8.5
16.5
12.4
2.4
6.2
2.8
2.3
32.6
63.5
2.4
7.0
3.7
50.7
11.3
2.1
28.6
4.2
14.6
3.7
9.5
368.7
3.8
23.7
0.8
2.4
40.1
23.0
33.1
60.0
43.9
13.4
905.0
165.3
6.8
16.6
32.8
92.1
59.3
41.7
414.7
33.7
43.2
4.5
32.9
114.3
34.4
21.5
169.6
2.3
43.9
36.8
106.2
38.0
4.4
37.7
3.2
9.8
43.0
15.5
42.9
9.2
6.5
624.9
3073.0
1434.8
1638.2
344.7
509.8
710.5
92.2
78.4
881.2
43.4
37.5
3.7
9.6
0.6
6.4
19.4
31.1
6.6
158.3
7.5
9.6
14.0
13.6
2.6
6.5
2.8
2.0
35.1
66.2
2.5
7.5
3.8
55.3
11.6
2.1
28.3
4.4
14.7
4.3
9.0
362.5
3.9
24.6
0.8
2.6
39.2
26.5
25.9
61.3
45.2
13.6
909.2
171.7
7.6
19.2
39.5
94.0
66.4
45.9
444.3
35.5
43.0
4.6
39.2
122.2
38.6
24.2
175.3
2.9
41.2
36.4
102.1
37.6
4.0
39.2
3.0
11.0
39.3
16.5
43.8
9.6
7.0
631.6
3146.7
1464.9
1681.8
359.2
499.8
716.3
89.9
80.6
886.8
44.6
32.9
4.1
9.5
0.6
7.1
17.2
32.0
6.7
154.7
7.9
9.4
15.3
13.9
2.7
7.0
2.9
1.8
38.3
72.4
2.6
8.0
4.3
58.1
12.0
1.8
30.2
4.4
15.6
4.6
9.5
351.8
4.0
25.2
0.8
2.7
37.9
26.6
26.1
69.0
46.2
13.9
926.9
180.7
8.7
19.7
37.5
98.4
69.0
47.1
461.1
36.0
46.1
4.6
37.6
124.3
37.0
24.8
189.3
3.0
45.1
33.9
100.1
38.7
4.2
40.9
3.4
11.3
40.9
17.2
43.5
9.6
7.2
650.3
3204.1
1495.2
1708.9
385.9
492.0
0.5%
-2.8%
2.5%
0.4%
2.7%
-12.5%
11.1%
-1.6%
1.5%
9.8%
-11.4%
2.7%
1.1%
-2.5%
4.4%
-2.2%
9.0%
1.8%
3.9%
7.9%
1.4%
-9.2%
9.0%
9.2%
0.6%
7.0%
14.0%
4.7%
3.8%
-11.1%
6.4%
0.4%
5.7%
8.1%
6.2%
-3.2%
1.6%
2.0%
10.0%
4.8%
-3.7%
2.3%
0.5%
3.6%
2.2%
1.8%
7.9%
-6.3%
4.8%
6.9%
16.8%
2.8%
2.3%
8.1%
3.6%
-1.7%
2.2%
-1.6%
-0.8%
-0.8%
-1.7%
-4.4%
-5.8%
-1.6%
-1.6%
0.5%
-4.7%
0.8%
-2.5%
6.3%
-1.8%
-2.3%
0.8%
1.9%
1.2%
-4.3%
0.2%
-4.1%
-1.9%
-0.9%
0.2%
5.0%
6.2%
-8.4%
-3.3%
1.6%
1.4%
-0.8%
6.4%
17.8%
5.7%
9.0%
3.9%
5.8%
5.2%
5.9%
5.4%
4.2%
4.9%
4.9%
4.8%
6.6%
6.9%
15.0%
1.9%
2.5%
1.2%
3.7%
1.8%
2.3%
1.1%
0.6%
6.5%
3.7%
6.9%
4.7%
5.2%
4.0%
5.6%
2.3%
1.2%
3.4%
-2.2%
-0.1%
◆
0.3%
12.2%
2.0%
2.4%
1.7%
5.0%
14.5%
2.5%
-5.4%
4.4%
3.6%
2.3%
3.5%
1.2%
7.0%
1.3%
-4.4%
1.4%
-4.4%
2.2%
7.7%
2.4%
9.2%
-7.0%
-2.2%
2.7%
4.3%
4.2%
14.3%
2.5%
4.0%
3.6%
-1.0%
0.2%
2.7%
2.7%
1.5%
1.8%
1.3%
7.1%
-1.8%
Share
2016
22.4%
2.8%
2.5%
27.7%
1.4%
1.0%
0.1%
0.3%
◆
0.2%
0.5%
1.0%
0.2%
4.8%
0.2%
0.3%
0.5%
0.4%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
1.2%
2.3%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%
1.8%
0.4%
0.1%
0.9%
0.1%
0.5%
0.1%
0.3%
11.0%
0.1%
0.8%
◆
0.1%
1.2%
0.8%
0.8%
2.2%
1.4%
0.4%
28.9%
5.6%
0.3%
0.6%
1.2%
3.1%
2.2%
1.5%
14.4%
1.1%
1.4%
0.1%
1.2%
3.9%
1.2%
0.8%
5.9%
0.1%
1.4%
1.1%
3.1%
1.2%
0.1%
1.3%
0.1%
0.4%
1.3%
0.5%
1.4%
0.3%
0.2%
20.3%
100.0%
46.7%
53.3%
12.0%
15.4%
*E xcludes natural gas converted to liquid fuels but includes derivatives of coal as well as natural gas consumed in Gas-to-Liquids transformation. Source: Includes data from Cedigaz.
than 0.05%.
Notes: The difference between these world consumption figures and the world production statistics is due to variations in stocks at storage facilities and liquefaction plants, together with
unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of gas supply and demand data.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes oil equivalent figures.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
◆Less
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
31
Natural gas: Production by region
Natural gas: Consumption by region
Billion cubic metres
Billion cubic metres
Rest of world
Asia Pacific
Europe & Eurasia
North America
91
96
01
06
11
16
4000
4000
3500
3500
3000
3000
2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
500
500
0
91
96
01
06
11
16
0
Global natural gas production increased by only 0.3%, or 21 billion cubic metres (bcm) to 3552 bcm. Declining production in North America (-21 bcm) partially offset strong
growth from Australia (19 bcm) and Iran (13 bcm). Gas consumption increased by 63 bcm or 1.5% – slower than the 10 year average (2.3%). EU gas consumption rose
sharply by 30 bcm, or 7.1% – the fastest growth since 2010. Russia saw the largest drop in consumption of any country (-12 bcm).
Natural gas: Consumption per capita 2016
Tonnes oil equivalent
0-0.5
0.5-1.0
1.0-1.5
1.5-2.0
> 2.0
32
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Prices
US dollars per million Btu
LNG
Japan
cif
Average German
Import Price*
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
4.10
3.35
3.34
3.28
3.64
3.99
3.62
3.52
3.18
3.46
3.66
3.91
3.05
3.14
4.72
4.64
4.27
4.77
5.18
6.05
7.14
7.73
12.55
9.06
10.91
14.73
16.75
16.17
16.33
10.31
6.94
3.93
2.55
2.22
2.00
2.78
3.23
2.70
2.51
2.35
2.43
2.50
2.66
2.33
1.86
2.91
3.67
3.21
4.06
4.30
5.83
7.87
7.99
11.60
8.53
8.03
10.49
10.93
10.73
9.11
6.72
4.93
Natural gas
UK
(Heren NBP Index)†
US
Henry Hub‡
Canada
(Alberta)‡
Crude oil
OECD
countries cif
–
–
–
1.70
1.64
1.49
1.77
2.12
1.92
1.69
2.76
2.53
2.08
2.27
4.23
4.07
3.33
5.63
5.85
8.79
6.76
6.95
8.85
3.89
4.39
4.01
2.76
3.71
4.35
2.60
2.46
–
–
–
–
1.05
0.89
0.98
1.69
1.45
0.89
1.12
1.36
1.42
2.00
3.75
3.61
2.57
4.83
5.03
7.25
5.83
6.17
7.99
3.38
3.69
3.47
2.27
2.93
3.87
2.01
1.55
2.57
3.09
2.56
3.01
3.82
3.33
3.19
2.82
2.70
2.96
3.54
3.29
2.16
2.98
4.83
4.08
4.17
4.89
6.27
8.74
10.66
11.95
16.76
10.41
13.47
18.56
18.82
18.25
16.80
8.77
7.04
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.87
1.96
1.86
1.58
2.71
3.17
2.37
3.33
4.46
7.38
7.87
6.01
10.79
4.85
6.56
9.04
9.46
10.64
8.25
6.53
4.69
*Source: 1986-1990 German Federal Statistical Office, 1991-2016 German Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (BAFA).
†Source: ICIS Heren Energy Ltd.
‡Source: Energy Intelligence Group, Natural Gas Week.
Note: cif = cost+insurance+freight (average prices).
Prices
$/mmBtu
18
US Henry Hub
Average German Import Price cif
UK NBP
Japan LNG cif
15
12
9
6
3
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
33
US
Canada
Mexico
North America
Argentina
Brazil
Other S. & Cent. America
S. & Cent. America
Austria
Belgium
Czech Republic
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Slovakia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
Other Europe
Europe
Belarus
Kazakhstan
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other CIS
CIS
Iran
Oman
United Arab Emirates
Middle East
South Africa
Other Africa
Africa
Australia
China
Malaysia
Singapore
Thailand
Asia Pacific
Total exports
–
21.9
38.4
60.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
60.3
82.4
–
–
82.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
82.4
†
–
–
†
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
†
–
–
–
–
5.8
10.4
–
16.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.1
–
–
–
–
0.4
–
0.3
0.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.6
–
5.4
–
4.2
–
2.3
–
10.5
–
46.0
–
2.5
–
5.1
–
–
–
22.7
–
14.7
–
10.2
–
3.4
–
–
–
23.2
–
–
–
10.3
– 166.1
–
16.6
–
3.6
16.1
–
–
–
–
4.5
16.1
24.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.4
–
16.6 190.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.5
5.6
–
–
7.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.3
–
–
–
4.3
11.4
†Less than 0.05.
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.7
–
–
7.7
–
–
–
–
0.7
0.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.1
17.9
20.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
20.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.2
–
–
–
11.8
–
–
3.5
32.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.6
4.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
37.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.0
0.1
4.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.6
8.2
–
8.8
8.8
My
anm
ar
O th
Pac er A sia
ific
Tot
impal
or t
s
ia
nes
Indo
er A
O th
a
Liby
eria
A lg
Q at
Iran
ar
ekis
t an
fric
a
t an
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.1
–
–
–
1.1
6.7
–
–
6.7
–
–
–
–
29.4
–
–
–
29.4
37.3
Uzb
enis
Turk
m
rbaij
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.5
–
2.1
8.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.2
–
–
0.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.8
K az
ak h
st an
Rus
Fed sian er at
ion
O th
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.6
0.6
0.6
2.1
–
–
3.1
2.4
10.0
†
–
1.3
3.6
24.4
–
–
–
11.1
†
11.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
35.5
A ze
u ro
er E
ed K
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.7
–
1.6
–
–
–
–
–
†
10.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.0
an
pe
om
From
ingd
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.7
10.9
0.2
–
3.3
–
–
4.6
16.6
22.9
29.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.2
5.9
–
18.6
–
–
–
–
–
3.2
–
–
4.1
28.7
0.6
1.7
52.3 109.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
52.3 109.8
Unit
w ay
land
s
N or
her
N et
Boli
via
xico
Me
C an
To
US
ad a
Billion cubic metres
O th
Amer S. &
eric
a Cent.
Natural gas: Trade movements 2016 by pipeline
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.9
–
–
8.8
12.7
12.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.3
–
–
1.7
–
10.0
10.0
82.5
21.9
38.4
142.8
6.1
10.4
0.3
16.8
7.3
22.2
7.5
2.3
32.3
99.3
3.1
7.2
2.7
59.4
38.0
12.6
13.4
15.0
37.4
34.1
21.9
415.8
16.6
6.2
21.7
11.1
5.1
60.8
6.9
2.1
17.9
26.9
4.0
4.7
8.8
8.3
38.0
0.6
9.9
8.8
65.6
737.5
Source: Includes data from CISStat, FGE MENagas service, IHS.
US
Canada
Mexico
North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Other S. & Cent. America
S. & Cent. America
Belgium
France
Italy
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
Other Europe & Eurasia
Europe & Eurasia
Middle East
Africa
China
India
Japan
Malaysia
Pakistan
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Other Asia Pacific
Asia Pacific
Total exports
–
†
0.7
0.7
0.4
0.2
0.7
0.1
1.5
–
–
0.1
0.1
0.2
–
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.5
–
–
–
–
0.3
–
–
–
1.0
4.4
†Less than 0.05.
*Includes re-exports.
34
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
–
–
0.1
0.1
0.4
–
–
–
0.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.1
0.6
–
–
2.9
2.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.2
0.1
1.7
–
–
–
2.0
–
–
0.3
0.1
–
–
–
–
0.2
–
–
–
0.6
5.5
2.3
0.2
0.5
3.1
1.4
0.3
3.2
2.4
7.2
–
–
–
0.6
0.3
0.1
0.2
1.2
1.1
0.5
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
–
–
0.1
–
–
1.2
14.3
0.1
0.1
–
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.2
1.1
–
0.6
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.2
2.4
4.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
–
–
–
–
0.1
0.1
–
–
0.5
6.3
–
–
–
–
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.1
†
†
†
0.2
0.1
†
0.5
0.9
0.9
†
0.3
0.7
0.1
0.1
–
0.1
–
–
–
1.3
4.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
†
†
–
–
0.3
–
9.5
–
–
–
2.4
1.7
–
–
13.9
14.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.1
–
0.7
–
0.1
–
–
–
1.8
–
2.7
–
0.8
–
5.2
–
2.5
–
1.0
–
9.6
–
1.9
– 23.7
1.3
4.5
–
6.4
0.1
6.5
0.3 14.0
3.3 15.8
0.1
0.1
–
2.9
–
0.8
5.3 15.6
0.2
8.2
0.1
4.1
–
–
9.4 68.0
10.6 104.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.1
0.1
–
–
–
0.7
6.5
–
–
0.1
–
0.1
–
–
7.3
7.4
–
–
0.1
0.1
0.2
–
–
–
0.2
†
6.2
0.1
2.9
4.4
0.4
0.9
14.9
–
–
–
0.1
0.4
–
–
–
0.2
0.1
–
–
0.7
15.9
–
–
–
–
†
0.1
–
–
0.1
–
–
–
0.1
–
–
–
0.1
0.1
–
–
0.4
–
–
–
–
0.1
–
–
–
0.5
0.8
–
–
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.2
0.1
–
1.4
0.4
–
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.1
–
–
2.5
4.3
–
–
0.4
0.4
0.1
–
–
–
0.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.9
0.4
15.7
1.2
29.2
0.7
0.2
1.6
6.1
0.3
–
–
55.1
56.8
–
–
0.3
0.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.1
–
3.7
–
8.7
–
–
–
5.7
2.6
–
0.1
20.8
21.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.1
3.4
0.1
20.2
–
–
0.1
5.0
3.3
–
–
32.0
32.1
Pap
Guinua New
ea
O th
e
r
Pac A sia
ific*
Tot
impal
or t
s
ia
lays
Ma
nes
ia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.1
–
5.5
0.5
–
–
1.8
0.4
–
–
8.3
8.3
Indo
nei
Bru
trali
a
–
–
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.1
–
0.1
2.0
–
1.9
0.1
4.5
1.4
†
1.3
9.2
3.2
1.4
0.4
2.7
2.5
–
0.3
–
0.7
0.6
–
–
7.1
23.7
Aus
eria
Nig
pt
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.1
†
–
0.1
0.2
–
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
–
0.1
–
–
–
–
0.5
0.7
Eq u
Guinatorial ea
Eg y
ola
A ng
eria
From
A lg
ar
Q at
an
Om
O th
Eur er ope
*
Rus
Fed sian er at
ion
w ay
N or
Trin
& T idad oba
go
u
Per
zil
Bra
To
U S*
Billion cubic metres
Unit
Em e d A r a
irate b s
Natural gas: Trade movements 2016 as liquefied natural gas*
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.9
–
5.5
–
–
–
0.2
1.8
–
–
10.4
10.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.1
0.2
–
0.2
–
–
†
0.1
–
–
–
0.4
0.5
2.5
0.3
5.9
8.7
5.2
3.0
4.3
3.0
15.5
2.8
9.7
5.7
13.2
7.7
10.5
6.9
56.4
14.2
10.2
34.3
22.5
108.5
1.6
4.0
3.0
43.9
19.5
4.2
0.1
241.6
346.6
.
Major trade movements 2016
Trade flows worldwide (billion cubic metres)
143.0
24.7
23.2
82.4
21.9
21.7
9.5
25.6
20.9
10.5
1.2
9.2
23.8
36.9
14.2
4.4
6.7
34.2
38.4
20.0
15.0
12.5
15.7
8.4
6.4
34.4
8.8
8.8
1.1
8.3
10.4
5.8
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Middle East
Africa
Asia Pacific
29.2
7.1
1.4
2.5
Pipeline gas
Source: Includes data from CISStat, FGE MENAgas service, IHS.
LNG
Gas trade in 2015 and 2016 in billion cubic metres
Billion cubic metres
US
Canada
Mexico
Trinidad and Tobago
Other S. & Cent. America
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Norway
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
Other Europe
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other CIS
Qatar
Other Middle East
Algeria
Other Africa
Australia
China
Japan
Indonesia
South Korea
Other Asia Pacific
Total World
†Less than 0.05.
Pipeline imports
74.4
19.2
29.9
–
19.9
31.8
102.3
55.7
33.6
†
15.2
38.4
29.0
94.7
21.8
17.3
27.0
–
29.6
–
9.0
6.4
33.6
–
–
–
20.3
709.0
2015
LNG imports
2.6
0.6
7.3
–
19.8
6.8
–
5.4
2.1
–
13.1
7.7
13.1
6.9
–
–
–
–
10.2
–
3.7
–
25.8
110.7
–
43.8
46.0
325.5
Pipeline exports
LNG exports
Pipeline imports
49.1
74.3
†
–
19.9
–
32.7
0.2
47.1
109.6
0.5
0.6
13.4
13.8
179.1
–
72.3
20.0
8.4
26.3
11.0
–
–
–
9.3
–
21.4
709.0
0.7
†
–
16.9
5.1
0.6
–
–
1.3
5.9
1.8
–
0.3
1.5
14.0
–
–
101.8
18.8
16.6
30.0
38.1
–
–
20.7
0.2
51.4
325.5
82.5
21.9
38.4
–
16.8
32.3
99.3
59.4
38.0
†
15.0
37.4
34.1
100.2
21.7
11.1
27.9
–
26.9
–
8.8
8.3
38.0
–
–
–
19.3
737.5
2016
LNG imports
2.5
0.3
5.9
–
15.5
9.7
–
5.7
1.5
–
13.2
7.7
10.5
8.2
–
–
–
–
14.2
–
10.2
0.1
34.3
108.5
–
43.9
54.8
346.6
Pipeline exports
LNG exports
60.3
82.4
†
–
16.8
–
19.3
–
52.3
109.8
0.6
0.6
10.0
15.0
190.8
–
74.0
20.0
8.4
37.1
8.5
–
–
–
8.8
–
22.7
737.5
4.4
†
–
14.3
6.1
1.5
–
–
0.7
6.3
0.2
–
0.5
1.3
14.0
–
–
104.4
18.1
15.9
29.6
56.8
–
–
21.2
0.1
51.1
346.6
Source: Includes data from CISStat, FGE MENAgas service, IHS.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
35
Coal
Total proved reserves at end 2016
Million tonnes
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Brazil
Colombia
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Kazakhstan
Poland
Romania
Russian Federation
Serbia
Spain
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Other Africa
Middle East
Total Middle East & Africa
Australia
China
India
Indonesia
Japan
Mongolia
New Zealand
Pakistan
South Korea
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
Anthracite
and
bituminous
Subbituminous
and lignite
Total
221400
4346
1160
226906
1547
4881
731
1784
8943
192
1103
12
–
276
25605
18700
11
69634
402
868
378
32039
70
1375
2618
153283
9893
502
2756
1203
14354
68310
230004
89782
17326
340
1170
825
207
326
–
3116
1322
412728
816214
319878
496336
21813
130162
30182
2236
51
32469
5049
–
–
24
5073
2174
2573
36200
2876
2633
–
5461
280
90730
7112
319
10975
2336
–
–
5172
168841
–
–
66
–
66
76508
14006
4987
8247
10
1350
6750
2857
–
1063
244
646
116668
323117
177264
145853
53006
93066
251582
6582
1211
259375
6596
4881
731
1808
14016
2366
3676
36212
2876
2909
25605
24161
291
160364
7514
1187
11353
34375
70
1375
7790
322124
9893
502
2822
1203
14420
144818
244010
94769
25573
350
2520
7575
3064
326
1063
3360
1968
529396
1139331
497142
642189
74819
223228
Share
of total
22.1%
0.6%
0.1%
22.8%
0.6%
0.4%
0.1%
0.2%
1.2%
0.2%
0.3%
3.2%
0.3%
0.3%
2.2%
2.1%
◆
14.1%
0.7%
0.1%
1.0%
3.0%
◆
0.1%
0.7%
28.3%
0.9%
◆
0.2%
0.1%
1.3%
12.7%
21.4%
8.3%
2.2%
◆
0.2%
0.7%
0.3%
◆
0.1%
0.3%
0.2%
46.5%
100.0%
43.6%
56.4%
6.6%
19.6%
R/P ratio
381
109
151
356
*
54
*
*
138
75
80
206
87
311
250
184
13
417
196
*
163
*
17
355
201
284
39
186
276
*
54
294
72
137
59
261
66
*
*
189
63
85
29
102
153
291
112
162
417
*More than 500 years.
Source: Includes data from Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) Energy Study 2016.
than 0.05%.
Notes: Total proved reserves of coal – Generally taken to be those quantities that geological and engineering information indicates with reasonable certainty can be recovered in the future from
known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The data series for total proved coal reserves does not necessarily meet the definitions, guidelines and practices used for
determining proved reserves at company level, for instance as published by the US Securities and Exchange Commission, nor does it necessarily represent BP’s view of proved reserves by country.
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratio – If the reserves remaining at the end of any year are divided by the production in that year, the result is the length of time that those remaining reserves
would last if production were to continue at that rate.
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios are calculated excluding other solid fuels in reserves and production.
Shares of total and R/P ratios are calculated using million tonnes figures.
◆Less
Prices
US dollars per tonne
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
Northwest Europe marker price†
41.25
38.92
32.00
28.79
35.99
39.03
31.65
43.60
72.08
60.54
64.11
88.79
147.67
70.66
92.50
121.52
92.50
81.69
75.38
56.79
59.87
US Central Appalachian coal spot price index‡
29.86
29.76
31.00
31.29
29.90
50.15
33.20
38.52
64.90
70.12
62.96
51.16
118.79
68.08
71.63
87.38
72.06
71.39
69.00
53.59
53.56
Japan steam
spot cif price†
China Qinhuangdao
spot price†
–
–
–
–
–
37.69
31.47
39.61
74.22
64.62
65.22
95.59
157.88
83.59
108.47
126.13
100.30
90.07
76.13
60.10
71.66
–
–
–
–
27.52
31.78
33.19
31.74
42.76
51.34
53.53
61.23
104.97
87.86
110.08
127.27
111.89
95.42
84.12
67.53
71.35
†Source: IHS. Northwest Europe prices for 1996-2000 based on monthly data, 2001-2016 on weekly data. China prices for 2000-2005 based on monthly data, 2006-2016 on weekly data. China
basis 5,500 kilocalories per kg NAR CFR. Japan basis = 6,000 kilocalories per kg NAR CIF.
‡Source: Platts. Prices are for Central Appalachian 12,500 BTU, 1.2 SO2 coal, fob. Prices for 1996-2000 are by coal price publication date, 2001-2016 by coal price assessment date. Note: cif = cost+insurance+freight (average prices); cfr = cost and freight; fob = free on board.
36
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios
Years
History
2016 by region
400
600
North America
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Middle East & Africa
Asia Pacific
World
350
500
300
400
250
300
200
150
200
100
100
50
North
America
S. & Cent.
America
Europe &
Eurasia
Middle East
& Africa
0
Asia
Pacific
96
01
06
11
16
0
World proved coal reserves are currently sufficient to meet 153 years of global production, roughly three times the R/P ratio for oil and gas. By region, Asia Pacific holds the
most proved reserves (46.5% of total), with China accounting for 21.4% of the global total. The US remains the largest reserve holder (22.1% of total).
Distribution of proved reserves in 1996, 2006 and 2016
Percentage
Asia Pacific
Europe & Eurasia
North America
Middle East & Africa
S. & Cent. America
0.8
4.9
42.6
1.3 1.2
1.8
4.5
20.0
1996
Total 1254453
million tonnes
22.5
31.7
46.5
45.9
2006
Total 1131907
million tonnes
25.4
22.8
2016
Total 1139331
million tonnes
28.3
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
37
Coal: Production*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes oil equivalent
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Brazil
Colombia
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Kazakhstan
Poland
Romania
Russian Federation
Serbia
Spain
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Total Middle East
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
China
India
Indonesia
Japan
Mongolia
New Zealand
Pakistan
South Korea
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
595.1
34.8
6.8
636.7
2.6
45.7
5.2
0.4
53.9
4.3
23.9
53.3
8.2
1.8
41.4
68.0
6.5
141.0
n/a
6.2
13.2
35.7
11.4
0.8
24.8
440.4
1.0
138.3
1.4
0.9
140.5
220.4
1328.4
198.2
114.2
0.7
4.1
3.6
1.8
1.3
5.4
21.7
22.4
1922.2
3194.7
1060.1
2134.6
193.2
219.5
587.7
35.7
7.3
630.7
2.7
48.2
5.0
0.3
56.2
4.7
23.8
54.4
8.4
1.8
42.2
62.5
6.9
143.5
7.2
5.9
14.8
34.0
10.7
1.0
16.3
438.0
1.1
138.4
1.3
0.8
140.5
227.0
1439.3
210.3
127.8
0.8
4.8
3.0
1.7
1.3
5.0
23.8
20.6
2065.5
3331.9
1055.8
2276.0
187.0
221.5
596.7
35.6
6.9
639.2
2.9
50.7
3.7
0.4
57.7
4.8
22.8
50.1
8.1
1.7
47.9
60.9
7.0
149.0
7.5
4.4
16.7
34.4
11.3
0.9
16.5
443.9
1.0
141.0
1.0
0.8
142.7
234.2
1491.8
227.5
141.6
0.7
5.2
3.0
1.8
1.3
5.0
22.3
22.0
2156.2
3440.8
1064.6
2376.3
178.9
233.0
540.8
33.1
6.1
580.0
2.3
50.2
2.4
0.4
55.3
4.6
20.9
46.4
8.2
1.6
43.4
56.4
6.6
141.7
7.4
3.8
17.4
31.8
11.0
1.0
16.6
418.8
0.7
139.7
1.1
0.7
141.5
242.5
1537.9
246.0
151.0
0.7
8.2
2.8
1.6
1.2
4.8
24.7
23.5
2244.8
3441.1
1003.4
2437.7
167.9
218.8
551.2
35.4
7.3
594.0
2.3
51.3
1.9
0.4
55.9
4.9
20.7
45.9
7.3
1.6
47.5
55.4
5.9
151.0
7.2
3.3
17.5
31.8
11.4
1.0
16.9
429.3
0.7
144.1
1.7
0.9
146.8
250.6
1665.3
252.4
162.1
0.5
15.2
3.3
1.5
1.0
5.0
25.1
24.7
2406.7
3633.3
1023.4
2609.9
165.7
232.0
556.1
35.5
9.4
600.9
2.4
59.2
1.9
0.4
63.9
6.2
20.9
46.7
7.5
1.6
49.8
55.7
6.7
157.6
7.8
2.6
17.9
36.3
11.5
1.1
17.1
446.9
0.7
143.2
1.7
1.1
146.0
245.1
1851.7
250.8
208.2
0.7
19.9
3.1
1.4
1.0
6.0
26.1
24.9
2638.8
3897.3
1025.5
2871.8
168.5
245.7
517.8
35.6
7.4
560.9
2.9
61.5
1.4
0.5
66.3
5.6
20.1
47.8
8.0
1.6
51.6
57.8
6.3
168.3
7.3
2.5
17.0
38.0
10.6
1.2
15.6
459.4
0.7
146.6
1.0
4.4
152.0
265.9
1873.5
255.0
227.4
0.7
18.1
3.0
1.4
1.0
4.8
23.6
25.3
2699.7
3938.9
1005.7
2933.1
168.1
260.3
500.9
36.4
7.2
544.5
3.7
59.0
0.9
1.7
65.3
4.8
17.7
45.1
6.7
1.6
51.4
57.2
4.7
173.1
7.7
1.8
15.5
36.6
8.0
1.1
18.0
450.9
0.7
145.3
2.0
5.1
152.3
285.8
1894.6
255.7
279.7
0.7
18.0
2.8
1.3
0.8
4.9
23.0
25.1
2792.5
4006.1
1000.7
3005.5
157.3
263.5
507.7
35.6
7.3
550.5
3.4
61.1
0.6
2.4
67.5
5.1
16.8
44.1
6.4
1.6
48.9
54.0
4.4
176.6
5.7
1.6
16.4
25.9
7.3
1.2
17.0
433.2
0.6
148.2
3.7
5.5
157.5
305.7
1864.2
269.5
269.9
0.7
14.8
2.5
1.5
0.8
4.8
23.0
25.7
2783.1
3992.4
1020.9
2971.4
150.6
254.0
449.3
31.9
6.9
488.1
3.5
59.0
0.6
1.9
64.9
5.8
16.8
42.9
5.7
1.5
46.2
53.0
4.7
186.4
7.2
1.2
12.8
16.4
5.4
1.1
15.3
422.5
0.7
142.9
2.8
6.0
151.7
305.8
1825.6
280.9
272.0
0.6
14.5
2.0
1.5
0.8
3.9
23.2
28.6
2759.4
3887.3
946.6
2940.7
144.6
251.5
364.8
31.4
4.5
400.7
3.5
62.5
0.2
1.5
67.6
5.1
16.3
39.9
4.1
1.5
44.1
52.3
4.3
192.8
7.4
0.7
15.2
17.1
2.6
1.1
14.9
419.4
0.7
142.4
1.7
6.3
150.5
299.3
1685.7
288.5
255.7
0.7
22.8
1.7
1.8
0.8
4.3
22.0
33.9
2617.4
3656.4
844.8
2811.6
133.6
256.8
-19.0%
-1.8%
-34.8%
-18.1%
–
5.5%
-66.4%
-18.3%
3.9%
-12.5%
-3.4%
-7.2%
-28.7%
0.6%
-4.9%
-1.5%
-9.2%
3.1%
1.4%
-43.3%
18.7%
4.3%
-51.5%
-1.8%
-3.1%
-1.0%
–
-0.6%
-37.9%
5.5%
-1.0%
-2.4%
-7.9%
2.4%
-6.2%
14.2%
57.0%
-15.4%
19.5%
-2.4%
10.6%
-5.4%
18.3%
-5.4%
-6.2%
-11.0%
-4.7%
-7.9%
1.8%
-2.5%
-1.0%
1.2%
-2.4%
2.3%
3.7%
-19.7%
16.3%
2.7%
3.4%
-3.3%
-2.7%
-4.0%
-1.4%
2.2%
-2.7%
-2.0%
3.2%
–
-15.7%
1.3%
-7.3%
-8.2%
2.3%
-4.0%
-0.2%
-3.3%
0.3%
2.6%
20.6%
0.7%
3.6%
3.9%
4.0%
11.7%
0.5%
14.8%
-4.8%
-0.5%
-4.4%
-4.5%
2.0%
2.6%
4.4%
2.5%
-1.0%
3.9%
-3.1%
1.9%
Share
2016
10.0%
0.9%
0.1%
11.0%
0.1%
1.7%
◆
◆
1.8%
0.1%
0.4%
1.1%
0.1%
◆
1.2%
1.4%
0.1%
5.3%
0.2%
◆
0.4%
0.5%
0.1%
◆
0.4%
11.5%
◆
3.9%
◆
0.2%
4.1%
8.2%
46.1%
7.9%
7.0%
◆
0.6%
◆
◆
◆
0.1%
0.6%
0.9%
71.6%
100.0%
23.1%
76.9%
3.7%
7.0%
*Commercial solid fuels only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), lignite and brown (sub-bituminous) coal, and other commercial solid fuels. Includes coal produced for Coal-to-Liquids
and Coal-to-Gas transformations.
than 0.05%.
n/a not available.
Notes: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes oil equivalent figures.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Coal production data expressed in million tonnes is available at bp.com/statisticalreview
◆Less
38
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Coal: Consumption*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes oil equivalent
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
565.7
29.2
12.3
607.1
1.1
12.8
3.4
3.7
–
0.8
–
0.2
2.3
24.3
4.1
†
0.6
5.0
7.0
21.0
5.6
7.4
12.4
84.5
8.4
3.1
2.4
16.7
28.3
0.3
7.7
0.6
57.4
3.3
9.5
97.0
4.5
17.9
2.7
0.2
26.2
–
39.8
40.9
0.8
21.0
536.3
1.5
7.8
–
–
†
0.3
0.1
9.8
0.9
0.9
81.5
7.4
90.6
53.1
0.5
1454.7
6.9
219.4
28.9
112.3
7.3
2.2
4.0
5.0
†
54.8
37.0
12.4
5.3
21.9
2025.7
3293.9
1177.7
2116.2
327.2
167.3
573.3
30.3
11.3
614.9
1.2
13.6
4.1
3.2
–
1.0
–
0.1
2.4
25.7
3.9
†
0.7
4.4
7.9
21.4
4.7
7.0
12.8
86.7
8.8
3.1
2.3
16.3
31.1
0.2
8.4
0.7
55.9
2.9
10.1
93.9
4.0
20.0
2.7
0.2
29.5
–
39.8
38.4
1.0
21.2
540.2
1.6
8.0
–
–
0.1
0.1
0.1
9.9
0.8
0.8
83.7
6.9
92.1
52.7
0.6
1584.2
7.5
240.1
36.2
117.7
8.8
1.7
5.4
5.4
†
59.7
38.8
14.0
5.8
18.8
2197.4
3480.2
1198.4
2281.7
328.4
167.3
564.2
29.4
10.1
603.7
1.4
13.8
4.4
4.9
–
0.9
–
0.1
2.4
28.0
3.8
†
0.6
4.5
7.6
19.7
4.1
5.3
12.1
80.1
8.3
3.1
2.3
15.8
33.8
0.2
8.0
0.7
55.2
2.5
9.6
100.7
4.0
13.5
2.4
0.2
29.6
–
41.8
35.6
1.0
22.2
528.3
1.2
7.9
–
–
0.1
0.3
0.2
9.7
0.8
0.7
93.3
6.7
101.5
54.9
0.6
1609.3
6.9
259.3
31.5
120.3
9.8
2.1
6.0
6.4
†
66.1
37.0
15.1
11.4
20.6
2257.3
3528.4
1175.2
2353.2
303.6
179.0
496.2
23.5
10.3
530.0
1.0
11.1
4.0
4.0
–
0.8
–
0.2
2.1
23.2
2.9
†
0.6
3.1
6.4
17.7
4.0
5.4
10.8
71.7
8.4
2.6
2.0
12.4
30.9
0.2
7.5
0.6
51.8
2.9
7.6
92.2
3.9
9.4
1.9
0.1
30.9
–
35.9
29.8
1.0
21.3
475.8
1.4
7.7
–
–
†
0.6
0.2
9.9
0.5
0.6
93.8
6.1
101.0
53.1
0.8
1685.8
7.2
280.8
33.2
101.6
10.6
1.6
4.9
6.1
†
68.6
35.2
15.1
10.7
20.9
2336.3
3476.1
1051.0
2425.1
267.4
161.5
525.0
24.8
12.7
562.5
1.3
14.5
4.5
4.7
–
0.8
–
0.2
2.2
28.1
3.4
†
0.6
3.8
6.9
18.8
3.8
6.8
11.5
77.1
7.9
2.7
2.0
13.7
33.4
0.2
7.5
0.8
55.1
1.6
7.0
90.5
3.9
6.9
2.5
0.1
31.4
–
38.3
30.9
0.9
22.5
492.5
1.3
7.7
–
–
0.1
0.7
0.3
10.1
0.3
0.5
92.8
6.5
100.1
49.4
0.8
1748.9
6.2
290.4
39.5
115.7
14.8
1.4
4.6
7.0
†
75.9
37.6
15.5
14.0
20.4
2442.3
3635.6
1114.8
2520.8
280.2
164.7
495.4
21.8
14.7
531.9
1.5
15.4
5.8
3.7
–
0.8
–
0.2
2.7
30.2
3.5
†
0.8
3.5
8.1
18.4
3.2
5.5
9.8
78.3
7.9
2.7
1.9
15.4
36.3
0.2
7.5
0.8
55.0
2.2
8.2
94.0
3.7
12.8
2.5
0.1
33.9
–
41.5
31.4
1.1
24.6
514.9
1.4
7.9
–
–
0.1
1.3
0.4
11.2
0.3
0.4
90.5
7.2
98.5
48.1
0.7
1903.9
7.4
304.8
46.9
109.6
14.8
1.4
4.0
7.7
†
83.6
38.9
15.8
16.5
16.5
2620.6
3807.2
1094.1
2713.1
288.1
174.7
437.9
21.0
12.8
471.8
1.3
15.3
6.7
4.6
–
0.9
–
0.2
2.7
31.7
3.2
†
0.8
3.2
6.9
17.4
2.5
4.5
11.1
80.5
8.1
2.6
2.3
15.7
36.5
0.2
8.2
0.8
51.2
2.9
7.6
98.4
3.5
15.5
2.2
0.1
36.5
–
42.5
39.0
1.2
22.9
528.1
1.1
8.8
–
–
0.1
1.7
0.6
12.3
0.3
0.4
88.3
7.0
96.1
45.1
0.9
1927.8
7.3
330.0
53.0
115.8
15.9
1.7
4.0
8.1
†
81.0
38.0
16.5
15.0
17.2
2677.4
3817.3
1047.3
2770.0
294.3
180.7
454.6
20.8
12.7
488.1
1.3
16.5
7.5
5.0
–
0.9
–
0.2
2.9
34.2
3.3
†
0.9
3.3
5.9
17.2
3.2
5.0
11.6
82.8
7.0
2.3
2.0
13.5
36.3
0.3
8.2
0.8
53.4
2.7
5.8
90.5
3.5
11.4
2.2
0.1
31.6
–
41.6
36.8
1.1
23.8
508.1
1.4
7.4
–
–
0.1
1.4
0.5
10.9
0.2
0.4
88.6
8.3
97.5
43.0
1.0
1969.1
7.8
352.8
57.0
121.2
15.1
1.5
3.2
10.0
0.3
81.9
38.6
16.3
15.8
13.8
2748.3
3887.0
1058.4
2828.5
288.0
171.8
453.5
19.7
12.7
486.0
1.5
17.5
7.6
5.2
–
0.9
–
0.2
3.2
36.1
3.0
†
0.8
3.3
6.4
16.0
2.6
4.5
8.6
79.6
6.7
2.2
2.0
13.1
41.0
0.2
9.1
0.9
49.4
2.7
5.7
87.6
3.4
11.6
2.1
0.1
36.1
–
35.6
29.7
1.2
21.9
487.3
1.6
6.9
–
–
0.1
1.5
0.7
10.8
0.2
0.4
89.8
11.9
102.3
42.6
0.8
1954.5
8.1
387.5
45.1
119.1
15.4
1.5
4.7
10.6
0.4
84.6
39.0
17.9
18.9
16.0
2767.0
3889.4
1040.9
2848.5
268.4
167.8
391.8
19.6
12.7
424.2
1.4
17.7
7.3
5.3
–
0.8
–
0.2
3.2
35.9
3.2
†
0.7
3.2
6.6
16.6
1.7
3.8
8.4
78.5
5.6
2.4
2.2
12.3
35.8
0.2
11.0
0.8
48.7
3.3
5.9
92.2
3.3
13.7
2.1
0.1
34.7
–
27.3
23.0
1.1
23.0
471.3
1.6
6.7
–
–
0.1
1.3
0.5
10.2
0.1
0.4
83.4
11.4
95.3
44.1
0.7
1913.6
6.7
396.6
51.2
119.9
16.9
1.4
4.7
11.6
0.4
85.5
37.8
17.6
22.3
16.9
2747.7
3784.7
972.7
2812.0
261.1
158.9
358.4
18.7
9.8
386.9
1.1
16.5
8.2
4.6
–
0.8
–
0.1
3.4
34.7
3.2
†
0.8
3.0
5.7
16.9
2.1
4.1
8.3
75.3
4.7
2.3
2.2
10.9
35.6
0.2
10.3
0.8
48.8
2.9
5.4
87.3
3.1
10.4
2.2
0.1
38.4
–
31.5
11.0
1.0
23.0
451.6
1.7
5.7
–
–
0.1
1.3
0.5
9.3
0.1
0.4
85.1
10.3
95.9
43.8
0.8
1887.6
6.7
411.9
62.7
119.9
19.9
1.2
5.4
13.5
0.4
81.6
38.6
17.7
21.3
20.6
2753.6
3732.0
913.3
2818.7
238.4
157.9
-8.8%
-5.2%
-22.9%
-9.0%
-22.5%
-6.8%
12.3%
-14.0%
–
–
–
-66.4%
5.4%
-3.7%
-2.3%
–
16.5%
-6.7%
-13.5%
1.7%
20.8%
8.0%
-1.1%
-4.3%
-16.7%
-3.6%
-0.7%
-11.9%
-0.8%
4.8%
-7.0%
-0.1%
-3.8%
-4.2%
1.0%
-3.7%
1.9%
3.1%
10.2%
14.8%
–
-1.3%
–
18.4%
4.9%
5.4%
-2.1%
-19.8%
-0.3%
-4.7%
-0.4%
-2.0%
-7.3%
-2.2%
-4.6%
-0.4%
-4.6%
-2.5%
-2.0%
-2.9%
2.9%
-0.1%
3.1%
1.3%
-1.2%
-0.2%
-3.9%
-0.3%
-2.5%
-4.0%
-2.1%
-1.1%
4.6%
–
-3.1%
-4.7%
1.9%
1.1%
-0.9%
0.5%
-1.6%
–
–
13.5%
24.1%
13.2%
0.4%
-13.2%
-7.0%
0.4%
3.8%
0.7%
-1.6%
3.7%
3.7%
-0.2%
6.5%
7.7%
0.5%
9.4%
-4.5%
2.2%
9.7%
47.4%
4.6%
0.7%
4.3%
9.5%
-2.3%
3.9%
1.9%
-1.9%
3.7%
-1.9%
-0.2%
◆
-11.9%
-8.9%
-5.5%
-5.0%
-23.9%
6.0%
–
10.3%
–
14.9%
-52.5%
-10.1%
-0.1%
-4.5%
4.3%
-15.5%
–
–
–
–
◆
-9.5%
–
4.3%
1.8%
-10.3%
0.4%
-0.9%
17.0%
-1.6%
-0.3%
3.6%
22.2%
-0.2%
17.6%
-15.4%
15.1%
16.0%
-6.5%
-4.8%
1.7%
0.7%
-4.4%
21.3%
-0.1%
-1.7%
-6.4%
◆
-8.9%
-0.9%
Share
2016
9.6%
0.5%
0.3%
10.4%
◆
0.4%
0.2%
0.1%
–
◆
–
◆
0.1%
0.9%
0.1%
◆
◆
0.1%
0.2%
0.5%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
2.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
1.0%
◆
0.3%
◆
1.3%
0.1%
0.1%
2.3%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%
◆
1.0%
–
0.8%
0.3%
♦
0.6%
12.1%
◆
0.2%
–
–
◆
◆
◆
0.2%
◆
◆
2.3%
0.3%
2.6%
1.2%
◆
50.6%
0.2%
11.0%
1.7%
3.2%
0.5%
◆
0.1%
0.4%
◆
2.2%
1.0%
0.5%
0.6%
0.6%
73.8%
100.0%
24.5%
75.5%
6.4%
4.2%
*Commercial solid fuels only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), lignite and brown (sub–bituminous) coal, and other commercial solid fuels. Excludes coal converted to liquid or gaseous
fuels, but includes coal consumed in transformation processes.
†Less than 0.05.
◆Less
than 0.05%.
Notes: Differences between these world consumption figures and the world production statistics are accounted for by stock changes, and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement
or conversion of coal supply and demand data.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes oil equivalent figures.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
39
Coal: Production by region
Coal: Consumption by region
Million tonnes oil equivalent
Million tonnes oil equivalent
Asia Pacific
Africa
Middle East
Europe & Eurasia
S. & Cent. America
North America
91
96
01
06
11
16
4500
4500
4000
4000
3500
3500
3000
3000
2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
500
500
0
91
96
01
06
11
16
0
World coal production fell by 6.2%, or 231 million tonnes of oil equivalent (mtoe) in 2016, the largest decline on record. China’s production fell by 7.9% or 140 mtoe – also
a record decline – while US production fell by 19% or 85 mtoe. Global coal consumption fell by 1.7%, the second successive decline. The largest decreases were seen in
the US (-33 mtoe, an 8.8% fall), China (-26 mtoe, -1.6%) and the United Kingdom (-12 mtoe, -52.5%).
Coal prices
US dollars per tonne
200
Northwest Europe marker price
US Central Appalachian coal spot price index
Japan steam spot cif price
China Qinhuangdao spot price
150
100
50
01
40
02
03
04
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0
Nuclear energy
Consumption*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes oil equivalent
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
187.5
22.0
2.5
212.0
1.7
3.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.9
–
–
–
10.6
4.4
5.9
–
5.2
101.9
37.9
–
3.0
–
–
–
2.0
0.8
–
–
–
1.3
35.4
4.1
13.6
15.2
6.3
–
–
20.4
17.1
–
1.9
286.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.7
–
2.7
–
–
12.4
–
4.0
–
69.0
–
–
0.6
–
–
33.7
9.0
–
–
–
128.7
635.0
537.3
97.6
224.1
56.4
192.1
21.0
2.4
215.4
1.6
2.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
10.9
3.3
5.9
–
5.4
99.5
31.8
–
3.3
–
–
–
2.2
1.0
–
–
–
1.7
36.2
3.5
12.5
15.2
6.3
–
–
20.9
14.3
–
1.9
275.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.6
–
2.6
–
–
14.1
–
4.0
–
63.1
–
–
0.6
–
–
32.3
9.2
–
–
–
123.3
621.5
521.6
99.9
211.7
57.7
192.0
21.6
2.2
215.8
1.7
3.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.8
–
–
–
10.3
3.6
6.0
–
5.3
99.4
33.7
–
3.4
–
–
–
2.2
0.9
–
–
–
2.5
36.9
3.8
13.3
14.5
6.2
–
–
20.3
11.9
–
2.0
276.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.9
–
2.9
–
–
15.5
–
3.4
–
57.0
–
–
0.4
–
–
34.2
9.2
–
–
–
119.7
619.5
517.0
102.5
212.2
57.8
190.3
20.2
2.4
212.9
1.9
2.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.8
–
–
–
10.7
3.5
6.2
–
5.4
92.7
30.5
–
3.5
–
–
–
2.5
1.0
–
–
–
2.7
37.0
3.2
11.9
11.8
6.2
–
–
18.8
15.6
–
1.9
264.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.9
–
2.9
–
–
15.9
–
3.8
–
65.0
–
–
0.6
–
–
33.4
9.4
–
–
–
128.2
613.6
511.4
102.3
202.4
56.3
192.2
20.4
1.3
213.9
1.6
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.9
–
–
–
10.8
3.5
6.3
–
5.2
96.9
31.8
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
2.6
38.5
3.3
14.0
13.1
6.0
–
–
20.2
14.1
–
1.8
272.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.7
–
2.7
–
–
16.7
–
5.2
–
66.2
–
–
0.5
–
–
33.6
9.4
–
–
–
131.7
625.9
521.0
104.9
207.4
59.3
188.2
21.0
2.3
211.5
1.4
3.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
–
–
–
10.9
3.7
6.4
–
5.3
100.0
24.4
–
3.5
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
2.7
39.2
3.5
13.1
13.7
6.1
–
–
20.4
15.6
–
2.0
271.4
†
–
–
–
–
–
–
†
–
–
3.1
–
3.1
–
–
19.5
–
7.3
–
36.9
–
–
0.9
–
–
35.0
9.5
–
–
–
109.1
600.1
488.3
111.8
205.2
60.2
183.2
21.3
2.0
206.5
1.4
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.1
–
–
–
9.1
3.6
6.9
–
5.3
96.3
22.5
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
2.6
40.2
3.5
13.9
14.5
5.8
–
–
20.4
15.9
–
1.8
266.6
0.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.3
–
–
2.7
–
2.7
–
–
22.0
–
7.5
–
4.1
–
–
1.2
–
–
34.0
9.1
–
–
–
78.0
559.2
444.0
115.3
199.7
61.1
187.9
23.2
2.7
213.8
1.4
3.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.9
–
–
–
9.6
3.2
7.0
–
5.4
95.9
22.0
–
3.5
–
–
–
–
0.7
–
–
–
2.6
39.1
3.6
12.8
15.0
5.9
–
–
18.8
16.0
–
1.7
262.9
0.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
3.2
–
3.2
–
–
25.3
–
7.5
–
3.3
–
–
1.2
–
–
31.4
9.4
–
–
–
78.1
563.9
447.1
116.8
198.5
58.5
189.9
24.1
2.2
216.2
1.3
3.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.8
–
–
–
7.6
3.6
6.9
–
5.4
98.8
22.0
–
3.5
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
2.6
40.9
3.5
13.0
14.7
6.3
–
–
20.0
14.4
–
2.0
266.1
1.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.0
–
–
3.1
–
3.1
–
–
30.0
–
7.8
–
–
–
–
1.1
–
–
35.4
9.6
–
–
–
83.9
575.0
449.9
125.1
198.3
61.5
189.9
22.8
2.6
215.3
1.6
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
–
–
–
5.9
3.5
6.1
–
5.3
99.0
20.8
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
2.6
44.2
3.4
13.0
12.8
5.3
–
–
19.8
15.9
–
1.9
263.9
0.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.8
–
–
2.8
–
2.8
–
–
38.6
–
8.7
–
1.0
–
–
1.1
–
–
37.3
8.3
–
–
–
95.0
582.7
446.7
136.0
194.0
64.7
191.8
23.2
2.4
217.4
1.9
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.5
–
–
–
9.8
3.6
5.5
–
5.3
91.2
19.1
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
2.6
44.5
3.3
13.3
14.2
4.8
–
–
18.3
16.2
–
1.8
258.2
1.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.4
–
–
3.6
–
3.6
–
–
48.2
–
8.6
–
4.0
–
–
1.3
–
–
36.7
7.2
–
–
–
105.9
592.1
446.8
145.2
190.0
63.3
0.7%
1.6%
-9.0%
0.7%
17.5%
7.5%
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.7%
–
–
–
66.3%
2.3%
-10.4%
–
-0.5%
-8.1%
-8.0%
–
1.1%
–
–
–
–
0.7%
–
–
–
-3.3%
0.3%
-2.7%
2.2%
11.1%
-8.7%
–
–
-7.9%
1.7%
–
-4.3%
-2.4%
75.3%
–
–
–
–
–
–
75.3%
–
–
29.7%
–
29.7%
–
–
24.5%
–
-1.3%
–
289.7%
–
–
15.1%
–
–
-1.8%
-13.4%
–
–
–
11.3%
1.3%
-0.2%
6.5%
-2.3%
-2.3%
0.2%
1.0%
0.7%
0.3%
0.4%
4.1%
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.7%
–
–
–
-5.8%
-1.8%
0.8%
–
◆
-0.3%
-5.6%
–
1.4%
–
–
–
–
0.2%
–
–
–
7.7%
2.8%
-1.6%
◆
-2.5%
◆
–
–
-0.1%
-1.5%
–
-0.2%
-0.8%
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.8%
–
0.8%
–
–
12.4%
–
8.0%
–
-34.1%
–
–
6.2%
–
–
1.2%
-0.9%
–
–
–
-2.7%
-0.7%
-1.7%
3.8%
-1.5%
1.8%
Share
2016
32.4%
3.9%
0.4%
36.7%
0.3%
0.6%
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.9%
–
–
–
1.7%
0.6%
0.9%
–
0.9%
15.4%
3.2%
–
0.6%
–
–
–
–
0.2%
–
–
–
0.4%
7.5%
0.6%
2.2%
2.4%
0.8%
–
–
3.1%
2.7%
–
0.3%
43.6%
0.2%
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.2%
–
–
0.6%
–
0.6%
–
–
8.1%
–
1.4%
–
0.7%
–
–
0.2%
–
–
6.2%
1.2%
–
–
–
17.9%
100.0%
75.5%
24.5%
32.1%
10.7%
*Based on gross generation and not accounting for cross-border electricity supply. Converted on the basis of thermal equivalence assuming 38% conversion efficiency in a modern thermal
power station.
†Less than 0.05.
◆Less
than 0.05%.
Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Nuclear energy data expressed in terawatt-hours is available at bp.com/statisticalreview
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
41
Hydroelectricity
Consumption*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes oil equivalent
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
64.6
79.9
6.9
151.4
9.9
78.9
6.4
9.6
1.6
4.4
–
18.4
18.5
147.8
8.1
0.6
†
0.1
0.9
0.6
†
2.6
12.9
4.5
1.3
†
0.2
8.4
1.8
0.1
†
27.0
0.5
2.5
4.2
39.6
1.0
5.8
13.9
7.0
10.0
†
2.9
1.0
2.1
19.1
178.6
4.2
†
–
–
–
–
2.5
6.6
†
2.9
0.7
18.2
21.9
3.4
0.2
98.6
–
25.5
2.2
19.9
1.4
5.3
6.8
2.2
–
0.8
0.9
1.8
4.5
7.7
181.2
687.5
297.0
390.5
71.5
54.3
55.0
83.2
6.1
144.3
8.6
84.6
5.1
10.0
2.0
4.4
–
18.8
19.5
153.1
8.4
0.5
†
0.1
0.7
0.5
†
3.2
13.3
4.8
0.6
†
0.2
7.4
1.8
0.1
†
30.2
0.5
2.3
3.6
40.5
1.0
6.2
15.0
8.0
8.1
†
2.3
1.1
1.4
17.9
179.8
4.1
†
–
–
–
–
2.2
6.3
0.1
3.5
0.2
17.7
21.4
3.0
0.2
109.8
–
27.7
2.6
16.9
1.3
5.4
7.2
1.9
–
0.8
1.0
1.8
5.1
8.2
192.9
697.8
289.0
408.8
71.4
54.2
56.8
85.4
8.9
151.1
8.5
83.6
5.4
10.4
2.6
4.3
–
19.6
19.5
154.0
8.7
0.5
†
0.1
0.7
0.5
†
3.9
14.6
4.6
0.7
†
0.2
9.4
1.7
0.1
†
31.5
0.5
1.5
3.9
37.7
0.9
5.3
15.6
8.2
7.5
†
2.6
1.2
2.6
18.8
183.5
1.7
†
–
–
–
–
1.5
3.2
0.1
3.3
0.3
18.2
21.9
2.7
0.2
144.1
–
26.1
2.6
16.8
1.8
5.1
6.1
2.2
–
0.7
1.0
1.6
5.9
8.7
225.5
739.3
300.5
438.7
75.4
51.6
61.4
83.4
6.1
151.0
9.3
88.5
5.6
9.2
2.1
4.5
–
19.4
19.3
157.9
9.3
0.5
†
0.1
0.8
0.5
†
2.9
13.1
4.3
1.2
0.1
0.2
11.1
1.6
0.1
†
28.3
0.5
1.9
3.5
39.9
1.0
6.0
14.8
8.1
8.1
†
2.7
1.2
2.1
20.4
184.2
1.5
†
–
–
–
–
1.3
2.8
0.1
2.9
0.3
19.0
22.3
2.9
0.1
139.3
–
24.1
2.6
15.6
1.6
5.5
6.4
2.2
–
0.6
0.8
1.6
6.8
8.6
218.5
736.7
297.7
439.0
76.1
53.1
58.2
79.5
8.4
146.2
9.2
91.3
4.8
9.2
2.0
4.5
–
17.3
20.3
158.7
8.7
0.8
†
0.1
1.1
0.6
†
2.9
14.4
4.7
1.7
†
0.1
11.6
1.8
0.1
†
26.4
0.7
3.7
4.5
38.1
1.2
9.6
15.2
8.2
11.7
†
2.9
0.8
2.5
23.6
197.6
2.2
†
–
–
–
–
1.9
4.0
†
3.0
0.5
21.0
24.4
3.1
0.2
161.0
–
24.6
3.9
19.7
1.4
5.6
6.7
1.8
–
0.8
0.9
1.2
6.2
10.6
247.7
778.7
306.4
472.3
85.6
53.0
71.5
85.0
8.2
164.8
9.0
96.9
4.7
11.0
2.5
4.9
–
18.8
20.7
168.5
7.7
0.6
†
†
0.7
0.5
†
2.8
10.4
4.0
0.9
0.1
0.2
10.4
1.8
0.1
†
27.2
0.5
2.6
3.3
37.3
0.8
6.9
15.2
7.2
11.8
–
2.4
1.3
2.3
19.5
178.6
2.4
†
–
–
–
–
1.9
4.3
0.1
2.9
0.5
20.3
23.7
4.4
0.2
155.7
–
29.8
2.8
18.3
1.8
5.7
6.9
2.2
–
1.0
0.9
1.8
9.3
11.7
252.5
792.3
313.1
479.2
71.1
51.9
62.0
86.1
7.2
155.3
8.4
94.0
4.6
10.8
2.8
5.0
–
18.5
21.4
165.4
9.9
0.4
†
0.1
0.7
0.5
†
3.8
13.5
5.0
1.0
†
0.2
9.5
1.7
0.1
†
32.1
0.5
1.3
2.7
37.2
0.9
4.6
17.9
8.6
13.1
–
2.4
1.2
2.5
19.9
191.4
2.7
†
–
–
–
–
2.3
5.0
0.1
3.2
0.3
22.0
25.5
3.9
0.2
195.2
–
26.2
2.9
17.2
2.1
5.2
6.7
2.3
–
0.9
1.3
1.9
11.9
11.6
289.4
832.1
314.3
517.8
76.3
51.9
60.3
88.7
6.3
155.3
9.3
88.5
4.4
10.0
2.5
5.1
–
18.9
21.9
160.6
9.5
0.3
†
0.1
0.9
0.6
†
2.9
15.9
5.2
1.4
†
0.1
11.9
1.7
0.1
†
29.0
0.6
3.1
3.3
40.6
1.1
8.3
13.9
8.6
13.4
–
3.1
1.1
2.6
22.7
202.3
3.4
†
–
–
–
–
2.0
5.4
†
2.9
0.3
23.5
26.8
4.3
0.2
205.8
–
29.9
3.8
17.7
2.6
5.2
7.0
2.3
–
1.0
1.2
1.2
12.9
13.6
308.8
859.2
318.8
540.5
83.9
55.8
57.9
86.6
8.8
153.2
9.3
84.5
5.3
10.1
2.6
5.0
–
16.7
20.8
154.5
9.3
0.3
†
0.1
1.0
0.4
†
3.0
14.1
4.4
1.0
0.1
0.2
13.2
1.9
0.1
†
30.6
0.5
3.5
4.2
39.6
1.0
8.9
14.4
8.5
9.2
–
1.9
1.3
2.7
21.9
197.3
3.4
†
–
–
–
–
1.4
4.8
†
3.2
0.2
24.6
28.0
3.3
0.1
237.8
–
31.5
3.4
18.1
3.0
5.5
7.2
2.1
–
0.6
1.0
1.2
13.6
13.1
341.5
879.3
314.2
565.1
84.7
53.6
55.8
85.4
7.0
148.2
9.6
81.4
5.4
10.1
3.0
5.4
–
17.3
20.8
152.9
8.4
0.4
†
0.1
1.3
0.4
†
3.8
12.3
4.3
1.4
0.1
0.2
10.3
2.1
0.1
†
31.1
0.4
2.0
3.8
38.5
0.9
6.3
17.0
8.5
15.2
–
1.2
1.4
2.7
20.7
194.7
4.1
†
–
–
–
–
1.8
5.9
†
3.2
0.2
23.5
26.9
3.2
0.2
252.2
–
30.2
3.1
19.0
3.5
5.6
7.3
2.0
–
0.5
1.0
0.9
12.9
13.3
354.7
883.2
309.9
573.4
77.2
51.7
59.2
87.8
6.8
153.9
8.7
86.9
4.4
10.6
3.5
5.4
–
13.9
22.5
156.0
9.0
0.4
†
0.1
0.9
0.5
†
3.6
13.5
4.8
1.2
0.1
0.2
9.3
2.1
0.1
†
32.4
0.5
3.6
4.1
42.2
1.0
8.1
14.1
7.8
15.2
–
1.6
1.2
2.7
21.7
201.8
2.9
†
–
–
–
–
1.8
4.7
†
3.2
0.2
22.4
25.8
4.0
0.2
263.1
–
29.1
3.3
18.1
4.2
5.9
7.7
2.1
–
0.6
1.5
0.8
13.7
13.8
368.1
910.3
316.8
593.4
78.7
56.2
2016
2005-15
5.9%
-0.8%
2.5%
0.4%
-3.3%
1.1%
◆
3.5%
-9.4%
0.7%
6.5%
0.6%
-18.8%
-0.6%
5.0%
1.3%
18.7%
6.6%
0.3%
2.8%
–
–
-20.0%
-0.1%
8.3%
1.2%
1.8%
0.8%
◆
6.8%
19.3%
-5.9%
–
11.5%
22.4%
1.0%
-32.1%
2.9%
11.1%
-2.8%
2.8%
-2.2%
-6.1%
2.1%
9.2%
0.5%
10.4%
-0.3%
-12.3%
2.0%
11.1%
1.5%
-15.8%
2.5%
-10.2%
2.4%
–
1.7%
29.8%
-2.5%
16.3%
0.6%
4.1%
0.1%
16.5%
-1.8%
81.9%
6.2%
7.4%
-1.9%
9.5%
-0.3%
9.9%
-1.1%
27.3%
4.5%
-17.4%
0.4%
-8.7%
1.9%
-0.2%
5.4%
– -100.0%
32.2%
-8.0%
-14.9%
2.5%
–
3.2%
4.9%
0.4%
3.4%
0.7%
-29.3%
3.3%
–
-1.5%
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
-0.6%
-1.7%
-20.5%
1.5%
-50.5%
-12.6%
–
1.0%
32.2%
-5.1%
-5.1%
3.4%
-4.3%
2.9%
27.7%
-1.0%
-1.8%
1.8%
4.0%
10.9%
–
–
-3.6%
3.2%
4.8%
2.5%
-4.9%
0.8%
19.5%
9.9%
5.4%
0.5%
5.2%
0.5%
6.7%
0.3%
–
–
14.1%
-5.2%
46.2%
1.2%
-6.0%
-4.0%
5.7%
13.2%
3.9%
6.7%
3.5%
8.0%
2.8%
2.9%
2.0%
0.6%
3.2%
4.5%
1.7%
0.9%
8.3%
-0.5%
*Based on gross primary hydroelectric generation and not accounting for cross-border electricity supply. Converted on the basis of thermal equivalence assuming 38% conversion efficiency
in a modern thermal power station.
†Less than 0.05.
◆Less
than 0.05%.
Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Hydroelectricity data expressed in terawatt-hours is available at bp.com/statisticalreview
42
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Share
2016
6.5%
9.7%
0.7%
16.9%
1.0%
9.6%
0.5%
1.2%
0.4%
0.6%
–
1.5%
2.5%
17.1%
1.0%
◆
◆
◆
0.1%
◆
◆
0.4%
1.5%
0.5%
0.1%
◆
◆
1.0%
0.2%
◆
◆
3.6%
0.1%
0.4%
0.4%
4.6%
0.1%
0.9%
1.5%
0.9%
1.7%
–
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
2.4%
22.2%
0.3%
◆
–
–
–
–
0.2%
0.5%
◆
0.3%
◆
2.5%
2.8%
0.4%
◆
28.9%
–
3.2%
0.4%
2.0%
0.5%
0.6%
0.8%
0.2%
–
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
1.5%
1.5%
40.4%
100.0%
34.8%
65.2%
8.6%
6.2%
Nuclear energy consumption by region
Hydroelectricity consumption by region
Million tonnes oil equivalent
Million tonnes oil equivalent
700
Rest of world
Asia Pacific
Europe & Eurasia
North America
1000
Asia Pacific
Africa
Middle East
Europe & Eurasia
S. & Cent. America
North America
600
900
800
500
700
600
400
500
300
400
300
200
200
100
100
91
96
01
06
11
16
0
96
91
01
06
11
16
0
Global nuclear power generation increased by 1.3% in 2016, or 9.3 million tonnes of oil equivalent (mtoe). China accounted for all of the net growth, expanding by 24.5%
(9.6 mtoe). Generation in Japan and Belgium also grew strongly, while France saw a sharp decline (-8.1%, -7.7 mtoe). Hydroelectric power generation rose by 2.8%
(27.1 mtoe), slightly below the 10-year average of 2.9%. China (4%, 10.9 mtoe) and Brazil (6.5%, 5.5 mtoe) were the largest contributors to growth.
Other renewables consumption by region
Other renewables share of power generation by region
Million tonnes oil equivalent
Percentage
450
Asia Pacific
Africa
Middle East
Europe & Eurasia
S. & Cent. America
North America
12
World
Asia Pacific
Africa
Middle East
Europe & Eurasia
S. & Cent. America
North America
400
350
11
10
9
8
300
7
250
6
200
5
4
150
3
100
2
50
96
98
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
0
1
96
98
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
0
Renewable energy in power generation (not including hydro) grew by 14.1% in 2016, slightly below the 10-year average, but the largest increment on record (52.9 mtoe).
Wind provided more than half of the growth, while solar energy contributed almost a third despite accounting for only 18% of the total. Asia Pacific contributed 60% of
growth, with China overtaking the United States to become the world’s largest renewable power producer. Renewable energy accounted for 7.5% of power generation,
up from 6.7% in 2015. Europe & Eurasia has the highest share of power from renewables at 11.8%, but its share rose by the smallest increment on record in 2016.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
43
Renewable energy
Other renewables consumption*
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes oil equivalent
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
22.8
2.5
1.7
27.0
0.4
3.4
0.3
0.2
†
0.1
†
–
1.3
5.7
1.2
–
†
0.6
†
0.2
2.1
2.5
1.4
11.7
0.4
0.3
0.4
3.5
†
†
1.8
0.2
0.5
1.1
†
0.1
0.1
6.2
2.1
0.3
0.1
–
†
3.1
–
0.7
40.4
†
†
–
–
–
–
†
†
–
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.9
1.4
†
2.5
†
3.3
1.5
5.8
–
1.0
–
2.4
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.5
†
0.1
19.2
93.2
75.9
17.3
39.1
0.1
24.8
2.6
1.9
29.4
0.4
4.2
0.6
0.2
†
0.1
†
–
1.4
6.9
1.4
–
†
0.7
†
0.3
2.3
2.3
1.9
15.2
0.5
0.3
0.5
3.8
†
†
1.7
0.3
0.7
1.4
†
0.1
0.1
7.2
2.5
0.3
0.2
–
0.1
3.3
–
0.9
48.1
†
†
–
–
–
–
†
†
–
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.8
1.6
†
3.5
†
4.0
1.6
6.2
†
1.1
–
2.3
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.6
†
0.1
22.0
107.2
86.9
20.3
46.3
0.2
29.7
2.6
1.8
34.1
0.4
4.7
0.7
0.2
†
0.1
†
–
1.6
7.7
1.4
–
†
0.9
†
0.4
2.3
2.4
2.3
16.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
4.1
†
†
2.1
0.3
1.0
1.8
†
0.1
0.1
8.7
2.8
0.3
0.3
–
0.1
3.8
–
1.1
54.4
†
†
–
–
–
–
†
0.1
–
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.9
1.7
†
6.4
†
4.8
1.9
6.1
†
1.3
–
2.4
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.5
†
0.1
26.2
123.4
98.2
25.1
52.4
0.2
33.9
3.4
1.8
39.2
0.4
5.4
1.0
0.2
†
0.1
†
–
1.8
9.0
1.4
†
†
1.2
0.1
0.5
2.3
2.0
2.8
17.2
0.6
0.6
0.7
4.6
†
0.1
2.4
0.3
1.4
2.3
†
0.1
0.1
10.7
3.2
0.3
0.5
–
†
4.5
–
1.3
61.2
0.1
†
–
–
–
†
†
0.1
–
0.3
0.1
0.7
1.1
1.7
†
11.0
†
6.3
2.1
6.1
0.3
1.6
–
2.4
0.1
0.4
0.6
0.5
†
0.1
33.3
143.9
110.8
33.0
58.9
0.2
39.3
4.2
2.0
45.5
0.5
7.6
0.6
0.3
0.1
0.2
†
†
2.0
11.1
1.5
†
†
1.4
0.2
0.7
2.8
2.5
3.4
18.9
0.7
0.6
0.7
5.8
†
0.1
2.5
0.3
1.8
2.8
0.1
0.1
0.2
12.5
3.6
0.3
0.9
†
0.1
5.0
–
1.4
71.0
†
†
–
–
–
†
†
0.1
†
0.3
0.1
0.9
1.3
1.9
†
15.9
†
7.2
2.1
6.7
0.3
1.8
†
2.3
0.1
1.0
0.7
0.8
†
0.2
41.1
170.1
127.9
42.2
68.2
0.2
45.7
4.8
2.0
52.5
0.5
7.9
1.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
†
†
2.2
12.3
1.5
–
†
1.9
0.2
1.2
3.2
2.6
4.4
23.8
0.9
0.6
1.1
8.4
–
0.1
2.8
0.4
2.4
2.8
0.4
0.1
0.3
12.6
4.0
0.4
1.3
†
0.1
6.5
–
1.6
85.7
0.1
0.1
–
–
†
†
†
0.1
†
0.4
0.1
0.9
1.4
2.5
†
22.8
†
8.8
2.2
7.0
0.3
2.0
†
2.3
0.1
1.7
0.8
0.9
†
0.2
51.7
203.6
151.5
52.1
82.3
0.2
51.7
5.6
2.3
59.6
0.6
9.1
1.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
†
†
2.7
14.1
1.7
–
†
2.3
0.5
1.3
3.4
2.6
5.5
27.2
1.3
0.6
1.0
11.4
†
0.2
2.8
0.4
3.4
3.1
0.6
0.1
0.3
15.0
4.4
0.5
1.7
†
0.2
8.1
–
1.9
101.5
0.1
0.1
–
†
†
†
†
0.2
†
0.3
0.1
1.0
1.4
3.0
†
29.4
†
10.4
2.2
7.7
0.4
2.0
†
2.4
0.1
2.0
0.8
1.2
†
0.2
61.8
238.5
175.2
63.4
97.4
0.3
60.2
6.4
2.6
69.3
0.6
10.6
1.4
0.3
0.1
0.3
†
†
3.0
16.4
1.9
†
†
2.6
0.6
1.5
3.6
2.9
5.8
29.0
1.8
0.6
1.1
13.4
†
0.2
2.7
0.5
3.3
3.6
1.2
0.1
0.3
16.3
4.8
0.5
2.3
†
0.3
11.0
†
2.0
114.1
0.1
0.1
–
†
†
†
†
0.3
†
0.3
0.1
1.3
1.7
3.7
†
42.3
†
11.6
2.2
9.3
0.3
2.0
0.1
2.2
0.2
2.3
0.9
1.6
†
0.2
79.0
280.7
199.4
81.3
109.1
0.5
67.2
7.0
3.1
77.2
0.8
13.3
1.6
0.4
0.1
0.4
†
†
3.6
20.2
2.0
†
†
2.7
0.6
1.6
4.1
2.9
6.5
32.1
1.7
0.6
1.3
14.1
†
0.3
2.6
0.6
4.0
3.6
1.5
0.1
0.5
16.1
5.0
0.6
2.8
†
0.4
13.3
†
2.2
123.8
0.1
0.2
†
†
†
0.1
†
0.4
†
0.3
0.6
1.8
2.7
4.1
†
50.8
†
12.0
2.3
11.8
0.3
2.3
0.2
2.4
0.2
3.3
0.9
2.0
†
0.3
93.0
317.3
221.0
96.3
118.0
0.6
71.5
8.5
3.7
83.6
0.6
16.0
1.9
0.4
0.1
0.4
†
†
4.5
24.0
2.3
†
†
3.2
0.7
1.7
4.3
3.1
7.9
38.1
2.0
0.7
1.6
14.3
†
0.3
3.1
0.6
4.7
3.6
2.2
0.2
0.5
15.6
6.1
0.7
3.9
†
0.4
17.5
†
2.3
141.6
0.1
0.3
†
†
†
0.1
0.1
0.5
†
0.4
1.4
2.4
4.2
4.8
†
64.4
†
12.7
2.4
14.8
0.3
2.4
0.3
2.8
0.2
3.9
1.0
2.3
†
0.3
112.7
366.7
248.9
117.8
134.6
0.6
83.8
9.2
4.1
97.1
0.7
19.0
2.3
0.5
0.1
0.6
†
†
5.1
28.2
2.4
†
0.1
3.2
0.7
1.7
4.1
3.4
8.2
37.9
2.1
0.8
1.5
15.0
0.1
0.4
3.1
0.5
4.6
3.7
2.0
0.2
0.5
15.5
6.1
0.8
5.2
†
0.3
17.5
†
2.5
144.0
0.1
0.4
†
†
†
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.1
0.6
1.8
2.6
5.0
5.4
†
86.1
†
16.5
2.6
18.8
0.3
2.4
0.4
3.1
0.2
4.3
1.0
2.8
0.1
0.3
144.5
419.6
270.1
149.5
135.6
0.7
16.9%
8.1%
10.4%
15.7%
5.0%
18.4%
19.9%
15.4%
12.6%
29.9%
–
–
11.9%
17.1%
6.0%
66.3%
100.5%
-1.7%
1.5%
-3.5%
-5.7%
8.6%
2.9%
-0.9%
4.7%
15.8%
-5.8%
4.3%
95.1%
20.0%
0.8%
-14.6%
-1.8%
4.4%
-6.0%
6.9%
1.8%
-0.9%
-0.8%
17.6%
33.8%
27.0%
-12.4%
-0.1%
50.0%
7.7%
1.5%
2.6%
37.1%
580.0%
10.0%
14.3%
2.6%
196.8%
42.0%
190.2%
35.5%
26.3%
9.6%
18.5%
12.0%
15.3%
33.4%
-0.4%
29.2%
7.1%
26.7%
21.6%
-0.2%
47.0%
10.8%
14.8%
9.6%
1.8%
24.4%
40.5%
1.3%
27.9%
14.1%
8.2%
26.6%
0.5%
7.8%
13.2%
13.8%
7.2%
12.9%
8.4%
17.8%
16.7%
12.8%
18.1%
18.5%
-14.1%
–
14.5%
16.6%
10.5%
–
65.2%
22.8%
90.3%
27.5%
6.8%
3.5%
21.8%
14.7%
20.2%
6.3%
19.0%
16.4%
–
65.2%
6.3%
12.5%
28.9%
16.2%
109.1%
4.0%
49.5%
10.8%
12.4%
10.3%
51.0%
–
46.9%
20.4%
–
17.2%
15.0%
20.0%
60.6%
–
–
–
–
39.9%
38.4%
–
13.3%
35.3%
16.6%
19.6%
14.9%
40.8%
44.1%
–
18.8%
4.7%
10.0%
–
10.0%
–
2.2%
6.2%
45.6%
8.8%
18.3%
15.9%
20.8%
21.1%
16.1%
13.9%
23.4%
14.8%
19.1%
Share
2016
20.0%
2.2%
1.0%
23.1%
0.2%
4.5%
0.5%
0.1%
◆
0.1%
◆
◆
1.2%
6.7%
0.6%
◆
◆
0.8%
0.2%
0.4%
1.0%
0.8%
1.9%
9.0%
0.5%
0.2%
0.4%
3.6%
◆
0.1%
0.7%
0.1%
1.1%
0.9%
0.5%
◆
0.1%
3.7%
1.5%
0.2%
1.2%
◆
0.1%
4.2%
◆
0.6%
34.3%
◆
0.1%
◆
◆
◆
◆
◆
0.2%
◆
0.1%
0.4%
0.6%
1.2%
1.3%
◆
20.5%
◆
3.9%
0.6%
4.5%
0.1%
0.6%
0.1%
0.7%
0.1%
1.0%
0.2%
0.7%
◆
0.1%
34.4%
100.0%
64.4%
35.6%
32.3%
0.2%
*Based on gross generation from renewable sources including wind, geothermal, solar, biomass and waste, and not accounting for cross-border electricity supply. Converted on the basis of thermal
equivalence assuming 38% conversion efficiency in a modern thermal power station. †Less than 0.05.
◆Less
than 0.05%.
Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Other renewables data expressed in terawatt-hours is available at bp.com/statisticalreview
44
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Biofuels production
Growth rate per annum
Thousand tonnes oil equivalent
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Belgium
Finland
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Total Middle East
Total Africa
Australia
China
India
Indonesia
South Korea
Thailand
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
10670
174
–
10844
30
9590
144
513
10278
109
22
12
682
2603
594
23
154
70
273
91
228
407
5269
–
9
59
925
146
44
41
87
144
1446
27848
16174
11674
5214
–
14709
503
5
15216
173
12427
155
596
13351
222
146
54
1153
3243
448
82
103
162
378
150
374
506
7021
–
6
76
982
149
217
78
148
227
1876
37471
22281
15190
6945
2
20934
546
5
21485
635
15486
158
806
17085
269
282
101
2064
2805
623
78
290
149
384
183
289
964
8482
–
11
119
1194
169
530
146
525
390
3074
50138
29997
20141
8334
7
23761
786
5
24552
1055
15277
320
634
17285
373
486
231
2408
2834
772
242
408
226
1001
254
220
1190
10646
–
18
174
1224
77
469
358
656
478
3435
55936
35389
20547
10461
36
28044
809
14
28866
1670
16866
455
229
19220
391
603
301
2353
3022
678
391
439
284
1312
339
304
1187
11604
5
8
222
1584
123
723
511
700
443
4306
64008
40889
23119
11466
34
31184
950
13
32147
2234
14403
572
310
17519
390
664
208
1935
2967
486
674
414
330
851
400
322
1235
10876
5
8
223
1970
210
1110
309
765
692
5280
65834
43192
22642
10707
28
29808
1017
15
30840
2295
14739
627
300
17961
390
562
263
2145
3031
298
1276
652
276
620
491
303
1428
11734
5
23
239
2103
229
1397
283
1054
997
6300
66863
42733
24130
11593
29
31057
1056
58
32171
2014
17114
650
354
20131
374
547
330
2306
2770
457
1495
697
274
749
635
517
1351
12503
5
32
202
2346
268
1750
321
1330
1234
7450
72293
44808
27485
12394
23
32890
1188
58
34137
2644
18005
676
378
21703
329
574
367
2541
3460
585
1756
750
301
1030
789
403
1560
14445
5
40
169
2609
349
2547
337
1490
1873
9374
79703
48698
31005
14286
25
33849
1142
58
35049
2038
19332
693
379
22442
381
556
445
2519
3191
582
1675
940
321
1122
222
310
1749
14012
5
40
157
2653
410
1354
385
1603
1913
8476
80024
49186
30838
13820
25
35779
1160
58
36997
2828
18552
626
373
22378
419
558
446
2226
3198
583
1680
898
298
1148
211
351
1761
13777
5
40
144
2053
505
2503
404
1610
1889
9110
82306
50900
31407
13580
25
5.4%
1.2%
–
5.3%
38.4%
-4.3%
-10.0%
-1.9%
-0.6%
9.8%
–
–
-11.9%
-0.1%
–
–
-4.6%
-7.5%
2.0%
-5.1%
12.8%
0.4%
-1.9%
–
–
-8.5%
-22.8%
23.0%
84.3%
4.7%
0.2%
-1.5%
7.2%
2.6%
3.2%
1.6%
-2.0%
–
15.2%
22.8%
–
15.4%
71.7%
8.4%
46.2%
6.5%
9.8%
18.0%
89.9%
51.8%
18.5%
7.2%
5.1%
87.5%
23.2%
79.7%
14.0%
15.7%
22.4%
19.2%
15.5%
–
20.5%
21.9%
14.6%
12.7%
65.4%
45.4%
39.9%
69.1%
25.0%
14.1%
15.5%
12.2%
15.5%
–
Share
2016
43.5%
1.4%
0.1%
45.0%
3.4%
22.5%
0.8%
0.5%
27.2%
0.5%
0.7%
0.5%
2.7%
3.9%
0.7%
2.0%
1.1%
0.4%
1.4%
0.3%
0.4%
2.1%
16.7%
◆
◆
0.2%
2.5%
0.6%
3.0%
0.5%
2.0%
2.3%
11.1%
100.0%
61.8%
38.2%
16.5%
◆
◆Less
than 0.05%.
Source: Includes data from F.O. Lichts; US Energy Information Administration.
Notes: Consumption of fuel ethanol and biodiesel is included in oil consumption tables.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand tonnes a day oil equivalent figures. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
World biofuels production
Million tonnes oil equivalent
100
Rest of World
Europe & Eurasia
S. & Cent. America
North America
Ethanol 2006
Ethanol 2016
Biodiesel 2006
Biodiesel 2016
40
80
30
60
20
40
10
20
06
08
10
12
14
16
0
North America
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Rest of World
0
Global biofuels production rose by 2.6% in 2016, well below the 10-year average of 14.1%, but faster than in 2015 (0.4%). The US provided the largest increment (1930
thousand tonnes of oil equivalent, or ktoe). Global ethanol production increased by only 0.7%, partly due to falling production in Brazil. Biodiesel production rose by 6.5%
with Indonesia providing more than half of the increment (1149 ktoe).
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
45
Electricity
Electricity generation*
Growth rate per annum
Terawatt-hours
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
4331.0 4431.8 4390.1 4206.5 4394.3 4363.4 4310.6 4330.3 4363.3
601.5
625.6
627.7
604.2
596.7
628.6
629.0
651.2
648.6
256.2
263.2
269.3
267.8
275.6
292.1
296.4
297.1
303.3
5188.7 5320.6 5287.1 5078.4 5266.5 5284.1 5236.0 5278.6 5315.3
112.8
115.2
129.0
129.8
132.5
129.5
136.0
139.7
141.6
419.4
445.1
463.1
466.2
515.8
531.8
552.5
570.8
590.5
57.6
60.1
60.9
61.0
61.6
65.0
69.7
73.0
73.6
59.7
61.1
61.9
63.8
67.0
68.0
69.4
71.6
74.5
15.1
17.3
18.6
18.3
19.5
20.5
22.8
23.3
24.3
27.4
29.9
32.5
32.9
35.9
38.8
41.0
43.3
45.5
6.9
7.7
7.7
7.7
8.5
8.8
9.1
9.5
9.9
110.6
113.7
119.3
124.8
116.7
122.9
127.9
127.6
110.4
178.6
186.8
188.2
187.9
192.1
198.4
205.4
209.6
206.6
988.1 1037.0 1081.2 1092.5 1149.6 1183.7 1233.9 1268.4 1277.0
64.4
64.9
66.9
69.1
71.1
65.9
72.4
68.0
65.1
24.5
21.8
21.6
18.9
18.7
20.3
23.0
23.4
24.7
31.8
31.8
35.1
30.4
34.9
32.2
30.8
31.5
34.7
85.6
88.8
84.9
91.2
95.2
90.2
82.9
83.5
72.7
45.8
43.3
45.0
43.0
46.7
50.8
47.3
43.8
47.5
84.4
88.0
83.5
82.3
85.9
87.6
87.6
87.1
86.0
45.6
39.3
36.6
36.4
38.9
35.2
30.7
34.7
32.2
82.3
81.2
77.4
72.1
80.7
73.5
70.4
71.2
68.1
575.0
570.3
574.9
542.8
574.3
566.8
565.1
573.1
561.7
639.6
640.6
640.7
595.6
633.1
613.1
630.1
638.7
626.7
60.8
63.5
63.7
61.4
57.4
59.4
61.0
57.2
50.5
35.9
40.0
40.0
35.9
37.4
36.0
34.6
30.3
29.4
27.5
28.7
30.3
28.4
28.7
27.5
27.6
26.1
26.3
314.1
313.9
319.1
292.6
302.1
302.6
299.3
289.8
279.8
71.7
76.6
80.3
78.7
82.6
86.6
90.6
92.6
94.6
12.5
14.0
14.0
15.4
5.7
4.8
5.0
4.8
4.4
98.8
105.2
108.2
113.5
118.2
113.0
102.5
100.9
103.4
121.4
137.2
142.1
131.8
123.6
127.6
147.7
134.0
142.0
161.7
159.3
155.3
151.7
157.7
163.5
162.1
164.6
159.1
49.0
47.3
46.0
50.2
54.1
52.5
46.6
51.7
52.8
62.7
61.7
65.0
58.0
61.0
62.2
59.0
58.9
63.3
992.1 1018.7 1040.0
993.1 1035.7 1050.2 1064.1 1050.7 1058.7
31.2
27.9
29.3
26.1
27.7
28.1
28.4
28.6
27.3
302.9
312.2
317.9
296.3
303.0
291.8
297.6
283.6
278.8
143.3
148.7
149.7
136.7
148.3
151.2
166.3
153.2
153.7
66.8
70.9
72.0
71.5
71.2
67.6
73.1
73.5
74.9
176.3
191.6
198.4
194.8
211.2
229.4
239.5
240.2
252.0
13.7
14.9
15.0
16.0
16.7
17.2
17.8
18.9
20.1
192.1
195.1
191.7
172.9
187.9
194.9
198.9
194.4
182.8
397.3
396.8
388.9
376.8
381.8
367.4
363.6
358.4
338.2
49.3
49.0
50.1
50.0
51.7
52.4
52.5
54.2
55.6
186.7
187.3
194.4
196.0
213.3
204.9
201.5
214.1
202.7
5246.8 5330.6 5378.1 5129.4 5356.2 5326.4 5379.7 5335.3 5269.3
184.3
196.0
206.3
215.1
226.1
235.5
247.7
254.6
274.6
51.8
55.1
55.8
55.3
58.5
59.3
63.0
61.4
61.3
47.6
48.8
51.7
53.2
57.1
57.5
62.7
61.0
65.1
15.3
19.5
21.6
24.2
28.1
30.7
34.8
34.7
38.7
181.4
190.5
204.2
217.3
240.1
250.1
271.7
284.0
311.8
66.8
78.8
80.5
85.7
93.9
99.1
106.2
110.0
116.5
121.1
128.5
139.6
155.3
167.6
170.8
177.2
171.1
179.1
668.4
717.2
759.8
806.1
871.4
902.9
963.2
976.7 1047.2
35.2
37.3
40.2
43.1
45.7
53.1
57.4
59.9
64.2
110.7
119.0
127.9
133.3
143.5
148.6
161.9
164.0
170.2
253.8
263.5
258.3
249.6
259.6
262.5
257.9
256.1
254.7
188.3
189.3
194.7
200.6
219.7
218.1
242.3
262.6
275.8
588.0
609.0
621.1
626.6
668.5
682.3
719.4
742.5
764.9
238.0
243.2
245.4
249.9
251.0
256.3
250.7
249.6
247.4
29.5
31.0
34.2
37.2
40.8
44.2
48.6
53.1
55.8
2865.7 3281.6 3495.8 3714.7 4207.2 4713.0 4987.6 5431.6 5649.6
38.6
38.9
38.0
38.7
38.3
39.0
38.8
39.1
39.8
744.1
794.8
825.8
879.7
935.3 1031.1 1088.2 1141.4 1252.0
133.1
142.4
149.4
156.8
169.8
183.4
200.3
216.2
228.5
1164.3 1180.1 1183.7 1114.0 1156.0 1104.2 1106.9 1087.8 1062.7
100.0
103.6
106.9
111.3
120.1
120.9
127.3
138.3
143.6
43.4
43.8
43.8
43.4
44.9
44.4
44.3
43.3
43.6
96.1
98.1
96.2
97.1
100.3
100.3
99.3
102.2
107.2
56.8
59.6
60.8
61.9
67.7
69.2
72.9
75.3
77.3
39.4
41.1
41.7
41.8
45.4
46.0
46.9
48.0
49.3
403.0
425.4
442.6
452.4
495.0
517.6
531.2
537.2
540.4
235.5
243.1
238.3
230.0
247.1
252.2
250.4
252.4
260.0
136.8
142.5
145.4
145.9
157.6
153.3
169.0
168.6
173.8
57.9
64.1
71.0
80.6
91.7
101.5
115.1
124.5
142.3
69.2
71.5
74.3
72.9
81.4
86.5
87.7
92.9
97.2
6451.7 7004.9 7293.3 7528.4 8249.5 8863.1 9265.1 9801.2 10170.3
19131.7 20019.3 20420.6 20261.4 21561.7 22242.4 22797.3 23402.9 23844.0
10749.8 10987.9 10992.2 10557.5 10985.8 10930.6 10939.9 10929.3 10875.5
8381.9 9031.4 9428.4 9703.9 10576.0 11311.9 11857.4 12473.6 12968.5
3374.4 3391.5 3393.4 3230.7 3371.5 3300.4 3295.7 3267.3 3185.3
1418.7 1452.1 1473.6 1399.1 1469.6 1498.4 1523.7 1509.0 1515.3
4348.7
652.3
310.3
5311.3
145.4
581.5
75.4
77.0
26.0
48.3
9.7
127.8
212.9
1304.0
64.9
24.7
34.1
70.6
49.2
83.9
28.9
68.6
568.7
646.9
51.9
30.3
28.4
283.0
91.6
4.9
109.6
144.5
164.9
52.4
66.3
1063.4
27.2
280.5
162.1
70.9
261.8
21.5
163.7
339.1
57.6
201.8
5318.2
281.9
65.4
68.3
41.8
328.1
127.4
179.4
1092.4
68.8
180.6
249.7
276.3
775.4
253.0
60.8
5814.6
38.0
1308.4
234.0
1030.1
144.7
44.3
110.2
82.4
50.3
545.5
258.0
177.8
159.7
102.6
10414.3
24215.5
10911.5
13304.0
3234.3
1499.9
4350.8
663.0
314.8
5328.6
146.9
581.7
77.5
78.5
27.1
51.5
8.9
115.6
224.6
1312.2
67.6
25.0
33.1
86.9
45.1
83.3
30.3
68.6
553.4
648.4
52.5
31.5
30.4
286.3
94.5
4.3
114.7
149.5
166.6
60.5
64.8
1087.1
27.5
274.4
154.9
66.3
272.7
22.6
163.7
338.6
58.9
209.3
5373.1
286.0
67.4
71.1
42.4
330.5
136.8
181.5
1115.7
70.2
187.3
251.9
272.7
782.1
256.9
67.4
6142.5
38.2
1400.8
248.9
999.6
156.8
43.9
115.4
89.9
51.6
551.2
264.1
179.7
175.7
122.1
10904.7
24816.4
10939.2
13877.2
3247.3
1527.8
-0.2%
1.4%
1.1%
0.1%
0.7%
-0.2%
2.4%
1.7%
4.1%
6.3%
-8.4%
-9.8%
5.2%
0.4%
3.8%
0.9%
-3.1%
22.7%
-8.7%
-1.0%
4.4%
-0.3%
-3.0%
0.1%
0.6%
2.3%
0.2%
2.7%
3.7%
3.3%
3.3%
6.8%
6.6%
3.2%
2.0%
1.9%
3.2%
-0.3%
0.8%
1.0%
-2.1%
1.0%
0.2%
-2.2%
-0.3%
-0.1%
0.4%
-1.4%
-1.6%
0.9%
-0.7%
3.0%
-10.4%
0.9%
0.5%
0.5%
1.2%
1.1%
1.1%
-1.4%
-0.5%
0.2%
1.3%
4.9%
5.3%
-1.2%
-1.6%
1.9%
0.9%
0.3%
5.2%
2.8%
4.6%
11.3%
6.4%
7.7%
4.8%
5.7%
7.3%
5.7%
0.2%
4.6%
3.3%
0.9%
8.7%
8.8%
-0.1%
6.4%
6.3%
-1.1%
4.4%
0.3%
2.0%
3.8%
2.8%
3.4%
1.3%
3.1%
11.9%
4.5%
5.7%
2.8%
0.2%
5.5%
-0.3%
0.9%
2006
*Based on gross output. ◆Less
2007
than 0.05%.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
46
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
◆
0.9%
3.7%
6.9%
0.9%
2.8%
-13.5%
4.3%
3.2%
0.7%
15.1%
-2.5%
1.9%
0.7%
-2.4%
-4.7%
-6.8%
3.9%
4.7%
-0.3%
-0.4%
1.9%
3.4%
0.8%
1.2%
2.7%
3.9%
0.9%
0.4%
7.1%
0.9%
1.9%
1.8%
3.4%
0.6%
-1.6%
0.6%
1.2%
10.6%
5.4%
0.3%
6.8%
6.1%
-3.2%
8.1%
-1.2%
4.5%
8.8%
2.3%
0.8%
2.1%
0.8%
9.7%
18.6%
4.4%
2.2%
◆
4.0%
0.1%
1.6%
Share
2016
17.5%
2.7%
1.3%
21.5%
0.6%
2.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
◆
0.5%
0.9%
5.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.4%
0.2%
0.3%
0.1%
0.3%
2.2%
2.6%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
1.2%
0.4%
◆
0.5%
0.6%
0.7%
0.2%
0.3%
4.4%
0.1%
1.1%
0.6%
0.3%
1.1%
0.1%
0.7%
1.4%
0.2%
0.8%
21.7%
1.2%
0.3%
0.3%
0.2%
1.3%
0.6%
0.7%
4.5%
0.3%
0.8%
1.0%
1.1%
3.2%
1.0%
0.3%
24.8%
0.2%
5.6%
1.0%
4.0%
0.6%
0.2%
0.5%
0.4%
0.2%
2.2%
1.1%
0.7%
0.7%
0.5%
43.9%
100.0%
44.1%
55.9%
13.1%
6.2%
CO2
Carbon
Carbon dioxide emissions
Growth rate per annum
Million tonnes of carbon dioxide
US
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela
Other S. & Cent. America
Total S. & Cent. America
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Other Europe & Eurasia
Total Europe & Eurasia
Iran
Israel
Kuwait
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Other Middle East
Total Middle East
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Total Africa
Australia
Bangladesh
China
China Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia Pacific
Total Asia Pacific
Total World
of which: OECD
Non-OECD
European Union
CIS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2016
2005-15
6029.2
556.6
450.5
7036.2
150.3
336.9
64.4
62.1
26.3
27.5
24.8
161.4
221.4
1075.0
73.7
32.3
58.3
139.8
49.2
126.1
61.7
69.7
378.8
840.1
105.9
57.2
47.5
470.2
157.7
13.3
242.0
37.8
317.4
61.3
98.6
1559.0
37.2
365.1
60.2
44.1
253.7
54.0
321.3
579.0
106.0
224.5
7042.7
473.5
67.8
77.9
43.9
387.9
175.4
251.0
1477.4
84.8
156.7
401.3
296.8
939.6
393.2
40.1
6661.6
80.6
1257.3
360.4
1252.2
183.3
37.2
145.5
68.0
142.2
520.8
273.9
225.1
71.8
146.0
11859.1
29430.1
13791.2
15638.9
4285.6
2308.7
6132.4
567.2
445.5
7145.1
162.9
351.4
75.9
60.8
26.8
31.1
27.5
165.3
224.7
1126.6
69.8
29.1
57.1
139.4
52.5
127.0
56.9
67.6
369.6
807.2
109.2
55.6
48.5
459.7
173.3
13.0
236.8
37.8
314.2
59.5
96.6
1552.4
35.1
378.6
58.1
40.2
280.7
60.9
315.5
568.9
114.0
232.9
7017.8
505.5
70.9
77.1
55.0
405.9
192.8
252.9
1560.2
89.3
165.9
411.5
311.4
978.1
397.6
42.0
7223.9
86.2
1370.7
388.4
1266.0
184.3
36.0
157.4
72.3
153.1
545.4
276.3
237.2
78.6
138.7
12654.1
30481.9
13911.0
16570.9
4220.4
2324.9
5954.1
565.5
447.9
6967.5
166.1
374.9
77.0
70.5
27.3
34.8
27.8
173.8
215.9
1168.2
70.3
28.7
59.8
141.3
50.3
119.8
54.4
60.2
370.1
806.5
104.1
54.5
47.9
446.9
187.0
13.2
232.5
36.7
316.4
57.9
94.9
1578.3
36.3
352.4
56.3
42.9
284.8
61.6
317.4
561.4
116.0
234.4
6995.1
529.8
72.3
82.2
49.5
439.0
220.1
277.3
1670.2
94.9
176.5
447.5
328.7
1047.6
408.3
45.5
7362.3
79.9
1472.2
378.2
1273.1
193.1
37.2
162.1
74.4
165.2
556.8
258.9
238.5
103.7
142.5
12951.9
30800.4
13698.5
17101.8
4142.7
2373.2
5529.8
525.0
451.6
6506.3
159.2
352.1
73.9
66.3
27.7
34.7
26.5
171.1
214.9
1126.5
64.4
25.2
57.6
128.3
43.2
111.0
50.6
57.7
355.9
751.0
100.5
48.2
42.8
404.0
167.9
11.9
224.1
37.2
302.3
57.2
79.8
1464.1
33.5
314.6
52.9
43.5
283.4
57.3
271.9
513.0
97.7
225.5
6478.0
544.6
69.1
83.5
52.2
457.2
214.1
294.2
1714.9
100.2
183.4
447.1
324.8
1055.4
404.7
50.6
7692.5
87.1
1601.7
390.1
1110.2
184.7
34.2
161.7
75.1
178.6
559.0
248.1
237.4
103.1
145.4
13264.2
30145.3
12781.4
17363.9
3835.4
2164.8
5754.6
544.5
459.7
6758.9
172.7
400.3
75.1
73.7
31.9
38.8
28.3
171.3
218.2
1210.3
69.7
24.0
60.4
137.3
45.0
115.1
51.3
65.7
360.8
779.9
93.6
49.0
42.6
409.7
180.5
13.1
233.0
37.9
320.4
51.9
77.4
1509.8
36.0
299.0
57.7
41.2
288.6
65.2
287.0
529.7
97.6
231.8
6661.9
548.2
72.5
89.4
70.8
501.5
222.6
311.1
1816.0
98.5
195.5
449.2
351.0
1094.1
395.1
53.9
8118.7
89.2
1667.2
429.5
1182.4
199.8
34.3
161.6
80.4
187.1
609.8
261.3
249.7
121.9
145.2
13987.1
31528.4
13250.9
18277.5
3932.5
2247.7
5617.3
550.8
482.1
6650.2
176.5
426.4
85.9
72.2
32.7
42.9
28.3
166.3
225.0
1256.3
67.0
27.7
57.4
123.0
50.4
111.3
46.5
56.8
335.8
761.0
93.0
47.7
38.1
399.9
199.2
12.2
224.6
37.8
320.1
51.7
83.1
1572.1
33.8
308.3
53.3
39.3
303.4
67.8
303.1
494.4
111.4
240.1
6671.2
560.9
74.0
92.5
53.2
518.4
234.6
312.5
1846.0
105.0
197.0
440.7
349.4
1092.1
404.0
58.2
8806.7
92.7
1741.2
481.1
1192.1
210.5
33.7
160.2
81.3
194.4
645.6
271.4
254.7
133.7
135.6
14897.2
32413.0
13084.9
19328.1
3805.0
2362.8
5406.0
536.0
491.8
6433.8
182.3
447.3
88.4
81.1
34.0
44.2
27.6
177.7
223.6
1306.2
64.3
28.7
58.6
118.6
45.3
106.7
40.9
50.3
336.4
770.7
88.1
43.7
38.2
380.5
200.9
12.3
216.4
37.5
304.5
50.9
81.1
1582.2
32.2
306.5
50.3
40.6
317.0
74.5
296.8
512.2
109.6
231.5
6627.9
564.2
79.4
108.6
60.4
543.7
245.6
319.2
1921.0
113.8
208.4
435.6
369.2
1127.0
397.2
63.8
8979.4
89.3
1853.3
510.8
1284.4
218.6
35.2
162.4
83.8
193.8
644.1
266.1
272.0
130.5
139.3
15324.2
32740.2
12920.3
19819.9
3738.5
2379.3
5544.3
548.2
490.0
6582.4
188.4
486.6
90.1
83.1
36.2
45.4
29.0
175.1
220.3
1354.3
64.5
29.4
59.1
119.3
39.9
104.9
43.4
50.8
337.3
795.1
79.8
42.3
36.9
349.9
202.6
11.6
210.9
37.7
307.4
49.3
69.4
1533.8
32.9
275.3
48.5
42.7
305.5
67.6
281.3
497.4
108.5
229.8
6464.8
594.7
73.3
103.7
92.3
552.9
249.6
333.5
2000.0
120.7
207.1
439.4
390.9
1158.2
393.3
65.0
9218.8
92.1
1933.1
523.4
1274.6
228.9
34.8
161.8
92.0
194.8
646.5
266.2
275.4
134.8
130.8
15666.4
33226.1
12979.8
20246.3
3654.7
2309.1
5599.9
545.5
481.6
6627.0
189.3
508.3
90.6
88.7
38.1
46.7
28.3
166.6
223.4
1380.1
60.1
31.0
57.7
112.0
42.5
99.0
40.3
46.1
304.2
749.4
76.2
41.6
36.6
325.1
225.0
10.9
199.4
37.0
290.4
49.2
69.4
1542.2
30.0
272.8
47.6
38.0
337.9
74.2
241.5
454.4
112.4
218.2
6272.5
623.7
70.2
98.3
91.1
589.0
254.8
331.1
2058.1
127.7
208.8
444.0
409.9
1190.4
398.4
68.5
9224.1
90.1
2085.9
477.1
1240.8
240.1
35.0
168.6
98.0
194.7
644.3
271.8
282.5
150.4
144.3
15814.5
33342.5
12804.1
20538.4
3442.7
2312.2
5445.0
531.6
481.4
6458.1
193.4
491.3
91.0
91.1
37.3
49.2
28.4
164.0
232.1
1377.9
62.2
33.9
50.7
117.6
45.5
102.3
37.2
43.1
309.7
751.1
73.4
44.4
38.4
336.2
207.6
11.3
207.5
37.0
290.1
53.9
69.1
1521.9
30.1
289.4
47.3
38.9
343.0
82.8
190.3
433.4
115.1
226.2
6240.7
616.5
73.5
108.3
108.5
611.7
275.2
333.9
2127.5
136.4
211.4
421.8
422.9
1192.6
413.6
75.4
9164.5
90.9
2157.4
492.5
1206.6
247.6
35.1
177.1
107.0
206.5
654.0
270.3
287.7
166.9
154.1
15907.2
33303.9
12665.9
20638.0
3477.0
2230.6
5350.4
527.4
470.3
6348.0
194.3
458.0
95.9
89.0
35.0
53.1
25.8
161.0
236.1
1348.2
63.2
33.9
53.7
120.2
42.9
105.2
38.9
44.6
316.0
760.8
70.5
45.8
40.5
336.9
207.2
11.6
212.5
37.5
299.0
52.9
69.2
1490.1
30.7
282.4
49.1
37.5
361.8
83.2
206.9
406.4
117.0
230.6
6258.5
630.9
72.9
108.6
106.7
621.8
288.0
338.8
2167.8
136.0
220.6
425.7
426.6
1209.0
408.9
78.5
9123.0
93.1
2271.1
531.4
1191.2
263.8
35.2
192.7
119.9
220.9
662.1
276.2
292.0
167.0
173.3
16100.5
33432.0
12574.4
20857.7
3485.1
2220.4
-2.0%
-1.1%
-2.6%
-2.0%
0.2%
-7.0%
5.1%
-2.6%
-6.4%
7.6%
-9.4%
-2.1%
1.4%
-2.4%
1.3%
-0.2%
5.7%
1.9%
-6.0%
2.5%
4.4%
3.1%
1.7%
1.0%
-4.3%
2.8%
5.4%
-1.1%
-0.7%
0.9%
-1.0%
2.9%
4.0%
4.2%
5.8%
4.2%
5.6%
3.7%
1.4%
0.8%
3.1%
-1.9%
0.4%
-1.0%
-1.6%
-0.6%
-1.9%
-3.5%
-3.2%
-2.2%
-0.9%
-3.4%
-2.5%
-2.2%
-3.3%
3.5%
-1.3%
-1.6%
-0.1%
-0.6%
-2.0%
-3.1%
0.2%
-2.4%
-2.5%
-2.4%
-1.1%
4.1%
5.3%
-4.9%
-2.8%
0.7%
0.5%
-1.0%
3.5%
0.8%
2.7%
10.3%
5.2%
5.2%
3.0%
4.2%
5.4%
3.4%
0.7%
3.5%
2.6%
1.1%
7.3%
4.2%
1.8%
6.0%
3.7%
-0.6%
3.3%
-0.5%
2.7%
4.2%
4.8%
2.3%
0.1%
2.4%
6.8%
0.9%
3.6%
1.6%
-0.9%
3.4%
-2.0%
0.1%
◆
-0.5%
2.0%
2.1%
1.1%
2.8%
-2.2%
-0.1%
-2.4%
1.7%
-2.7%
3.6%
-4.0%
5.2%
0.2%
8.4%
-6.5%
1.4%
1.7%
◆
2.1%
-1.1%
-0.1%
-1.9%
1.4%
4.4%
1.2%
1.6%
-0.5%
4.1%
0.6%
0.6%
1.1%
-1.4%
3.9%
-0.7%
2.1%
5.0%
7.6%
-1.5%
6.3%
0.1%
8.5%
11.8%
6.7%
1.0%
1.9%
1.2%
-0.2%
12.1%
0.9%
0.1%
-1.0%
0.8%
◆
-0.7%
Share
2016
16.0%
1.6%
1.4%
19.0%
0.6%
1.4%
0.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.5%
0.7%
4.0%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%
0.4%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.9%
2.3%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
1.0%
0.6%
◆
0.6%
0.1%
0.9%
0.2%
0.2%
4.5%
0.1%
0.8%
0.1%
0.1%
1.1%
0.2%
0.6%
1.2%
0.3%
0.7%
18.7%
1.9%
0.2%
0.3%
0.3%
1.9%
0.9%
1.0%
6.5%
0.4%
0.7%
1.3%
1.3%
3.6%
1.2%
0.2%
27.3%
0.3%
6.8%
1.6%
3.6%
0.8%
0.1%
0.6%
0.4%
0.7%
2.0%
0.8%
0.9%
0.5%
0.5%
48.2%
100.0%
37.6%
62.4%
10.4%
6.6%
◆Less
than 0.05%.
Notes: The carbon emissions above reflect only those through consumption of oil, gas and coal for combustion related activities, and are based on ‘Default CO2 Emissions Factors for
Combustion’ listed by the IPCC in its Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (2006). This does not allow for any carbon that is sequestered, for other sources of carbon emissions,
or for emissions of other greenhouse gases. Our data is therefore not comparable to official national emissions data.
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
47
Appendices
Approximate conversion factors
Crude oil*
Units
From
To
Tonnes (metric)
Kilolitres
Barrels
US gallons
Barrels per day
tonnes (metric)
US gallons
tonnes per year
kilolitres
barrels
Multiply by
1
0.8581
0.1364
0.00325
–
1.165
1
0.159
0.0038
–
7.33
6.2898
1
0.0238
–
307.86
264.17
42
1
–
–
–
–
–
49.8
tonnes kilolitres to barrels
to tonnes
Multiply by
tonnes to kilolitres
*Based on worldwide average gravity.
Products
To convert
barrels
to tonnes
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
Gasoline
Kerosene
Gas oil/diesel
Residual fuel oil
Product basket
0.086
0.120
0.127
0.134
0.157
0.125
11.60
8.35
7.88
7.46
6.35
7.98
0.542
0.753
0.798
0.843
0.991
0.788
1.844
1.328
1.253
1.186
1.010
1.269
Natural gas (NG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG)
From
To
billion cubic metres NG
1 billion cubic metres NG
1 billion cubic feet NG
1 million tonnes oil equivalent
1 million tonnes LNG
1 trillion British thermal units
1 million barrels oil equivalent
billion cubic million tonnes million tonnes trillion British million barrels feet NG oil equivalent
LNG thermal units oil equivalent
Multiply by
1
0.028
1.11
1.36
0.028
0.16
35.3
1
39.2
48.0
0.99
5.74
Country and geographic groupings
Country and geographic groupings are made purely for statistical purposes and are not
intended to imply any judgement about political or economic standings.
North America
US (excluding US territories), Canada, Mexico.
South & Central America
Caribbean (including Puerto Rico and US Virgin
Islands), Central and South America.
Europe
European members of the OECD plus Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Georgia, Gibraltar, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta,
Montenegro, Romania and Serbia.
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.
Europe & Eurasia
All countries listed above under the headings Europe and CIS.
Middle East
Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan,
Lebanon, Syria.
North Africa
Territories on the north coast of Africa from Egypt to western Sahara.
48
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017
Calorific equivalents
One tonne of oil equivalent equals approximately:
Heat units10 million kilocalories 42 gigajoules 40 million British thermal units
Solid fuels
1.5 tonnes of hard coal 3 tonnes of lignite and sub-bituminous coal
Gaseous fuelsSee Natural gas and liquefied natural gas table
Electricity
12 megawatt-hours
6.16
0.17
6.84
8.37
0.17
1
One million tonnes of oil or oil equivalent produces
about 4400 gigawatt-hours (= 4.4 terawatt-hours) of electricity in a modern power station.
West Africa
Territories on the west coast of Africa from Mauritania
to Angola, including Cape Verde, Chad.
European Union members
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, UK.
0.90
0.025
1
1.22
0.025
0.15
0.74
0.021
0.82
1
0.021
0.12
35.7
1.01
39.7
48.6
1
5.80
Definitions
Statistics published in this review are taken from
government sources and published data. No use is made of confidential information obtained by BP in the course of its business.
1 metric tonne = 2204.62lb = 1.1023 short tons
1 kilolitre = 6.2898 barrels = 1 cubic metre
1 kilocalorie (kcal)= 4.187kJ = 3.968Btu
1 kilojoule (kJ) = 0.239kcal = 0.948Btu
1 British thermal = 0.252kcal
unit (Btu) = 1.055kJ
1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) = 860kcal = 3600kJ = 3412Btu
East and Southern Africa
Territories on the east coast of Africa from Sudan to
Republic of South Africa. Also Botswana, Madagascar,
Malawi, Namibia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Asia Pacific
Brunei, Cambodia, China, China Hong Kong SAR*,
China Macau SAR*, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia,
Mongolia, North Korea, Philippines, Singapore, South
Asia (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar,
Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka), South Korea, Taiwan,
Thailand, Vietnam, Australia, New Zealand, Papua
New Guinea, Oceania.
*Special Administrative Region.
Australasia
Australia, New Zealand.
OECD members
Europe: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK.
Other member countries: Australia, Canada, Chile,
Israel, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, South Korea, US.
OPEC members
Middle East: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
United Arab Emirates.
North Africa: Algeria, Libya. West Africa: Angola, Nigeria. South America: Ecuador, Venezuela.
1 barrel of ethanol = 0.58 barrels of oil equivalent 1 barrel of biodiesel = 0.86 barrels of oil equivalent 1 tonne of ethanol = 0.68 tonnes of oil equivalent 1 tonne of biodiesel = 0.88 tonnes of oil equivalent
Non-OECD
All countries that are not members of the OECD.
Methodology
The primary energy values of nuclear and
hydroelectric power generation, as well as electricity
from renewable sources, have been derived by
calculating the equivalent amount of fossil fuel
required to generate the same volume of electricity
in a thermal power station, assuming a conversion
efficiency of 38% (the average for OECD thermal
power generation).
Fuels used as inputs for conversion technologies
(gas‑to-liquids, coal-to-liquids and coal-to-gas) are
counted as production for the source fuel and the
outputs are counted as consumption for the
converted fuel.
Percentages
Calculated before rounding of actuals.
Rounding differences
Because of rounding, some totals may not agree
exactly with the sum of their component parts.
Tonnes
Metric equivalent of tons.
More information
Quoting from the review
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attribute the source to BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2017.
However, where extensive reproduction of tables and/or charts is planned,
permission must first be obtained from:
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Acknowledgements
Data compilation: Centre for
Energy Economics Research and
Policy, Heriot-Watt University,
ceerp.hw.ac.uk
Design and typesetting:
Whitehouse Associates, London
Printing: Pureprint Group Limited,
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49
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