The Axial Skeleton
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Formed from 80
named bones
Consists of skull,
vertebral
column, and
bony thorax
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Figure 7.1
The Skull
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Figure 7.2a
Overview of Skull Geography
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The skull contains approximately 85 named
openings
• Foramina, canals, and fissures
• Provide openings for important structures
• Spinal cord
• Blood vessels serving the brain
• 12 pairs of cranial nerves
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Cranial Bones
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Formed from eight large bones
• Paired bones include
• Temporal bones
• Parietal bones
• Unpaired bones include
• Frontal bone
• Occipital bone
• Sphenoid bone
• Ethmoid bone
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Sutures
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Sagittal
Coronal or Frontal
Squamosal
Lambdoidal
Sutural (Wormian) Bones
• Usually found in Lambdoidal suture
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Sutures
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Figure 7.3a
Sutures
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Fontanels in Newborn
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Anterior fontanel
Posterior fontanel
Anterolateral fontanel
Posterolateral fontanel
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Fontanels
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Figure 7.21a
Fontanels
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Figure 7.21b
Skull Bones
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Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
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Skull bones: Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal
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Figure 7.3a
Inferior Aspect of the Skull: Temporal and Occipital bones
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Figure 7.4a
Skull Bones
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Lacrimal
Maxilla
Mandible
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The Skull: Lacrimal, Maxilla, Mandible
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Skull bones
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Sphenoid
Ethmoid
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The Sphenoid Bone
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Figure 7.6a, b
The Ethmoid Bone
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Figure 7.7
Skull Bones
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Hyoid bone
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More Skull Bones to know
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Palantine bones
Zygomatic bones
Vomer
Nasal bones
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Palantine bones
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Figure 7.4a
Zygomatic bones
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Figure 7.3a
Vomer and Nasal bones
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Figure 7.2a