Multi gas air ratio control platform (MGARCP)
of DVGW-EBI
to manage gas quality effects on appliance site
MARCOGAZ Gas Sensor Workshop
DVGW Research Centre at the Engler-Bunte-Institute
27.02.2014
Dr. Holger Dörr
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de
Outline
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•
Impacts of gas qualities on appliances
•
Scope of MGARCP
•
Approach of MGARCP
•
Gas quality sensors: Measured properties
•
Experimental setup for gas quality sensor tests
•
Conclusions
DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de
Impacts of gas qualities on appliances
Gas quality fluctuations have effects on
-
emissions (CO, NOx, CxHy)
-
power (thermal, process heat input)
-
process quality and stability (temperature fields, flame lengths, ...)
Several adaptive gas-air-ratio-controls for gas appliances are available
• Ionization based methods (SCOT and variants, domestic)
• CO ZrO-based flue probes (non-domestic, less domestic)
• O2-ZrO-based l flue probes (non-domestic)
• CO/O2-ZrO-based flue probes (non-domestic)
• temperature probe on burner surface (e.g. LambdaConstant, domestic)
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de
Impacts of gas qualities on appliances
Harmonization of Natural Gas Quality CEN/TC 234 WG 11, CEN/TC 408
Dis-harmony in European Natural Gas Market(s)—Discussion of Standards and
Definitions, Z. Energiewirtschaft, (2013), by: P. Drasdo, M. Karasz, A. Pustisek
• Test gases are specified within EN 437
• Recommended gas qualities are introduced in product standards
(e.g. EN 15502-2-1 Appendix DD)
• Liberalisation of gas trading has certain effects on gas qualities and thereby
on appliance operation, efficiencies and emissions
• Not only ErP requires decreasing NOx-emissions (or CO, unburned CxHy)
• Especially with high caloric gas qualities (LNG) NOx-formation will increase
• There is a evolving need for adaptive gas-air-ratio-control for gas appliances!
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de
Scope of MGARCP
•
Research and development tool
•
Closely related to our gas quality research and standardisation activities
•
Self-adaptive control strategies: ideally power and emission adjustment
•
To understand more deeply self-adaptive control strategies (even the empirical
approaches, proper parameterisation)
•
Tool for comparison of self-adaptive control strategies
•
Teaching tool especially for correlative gas analysis methods
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de
MGARCP: Research and development tool
CO-Sensor (CO-Lambda probe)
O2-Lambda probe
DVGW-EBI MGARCP:
Multi gas air ratio control platform
Base:
Flue gas temperature (Pt100)
post-combustion
Reference measuring instrument:
Flue gas analyzer for CO2, CO, O2, NO, NO2, CxHy,
Baxi Duo-tec 33 kW
Condensing boilercombi-appliance
Full / partial load
Recording of any sensor
Characteristic curves:
Ionisations probe (à la SCOT)
T-field (thermocouples)
in-process /
in-combustion
-
Gas valve
-
Fan
-
dSignal/dt: sensitivity
analysis
Heat meter (Power output)
Gas quality sensor
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
pre-combustion
www.dvgw-ebi.de
Gas quality sensors: Measured properties
Small alkanes: various correlations with number of C-Atoms, molar mass
and velocity of sound,
source: Schley et al.: NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR GAS QUALITY DETERMINATION (2001)
What's about hydrogen and CO2? No. of sensors, calibration efforts, range
Reference measurement instrumentation: GC, Mass Spectrometry, Infrared-Spectroscopy
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de
Experimental setup for gas quality sensor tests
cost effective sensor: reduced requirements on measurement uncertainty
Open issues:
admissible concentrations
T90-times
Gas quality sensor
Data acquisition
c(H2) > 5 % PGCs with
He as the only carrier gas
will fail
Data analysis
Gas mixing station
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de
Experimental setup for gas quality sensor tests
cost effective sensor: reduced requirements on measurement uncertainty
System & Sensor activities at DVGW-EBI
Open issues:
admissible concentrations
T90-times
c(H2) > 5 % PGCs with
validation
Gas quality sensor
integration
development
He as the only carrier gas
will fail
Data acquisition
Data analysis
Gas mixing station
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de
Conclusions
• Gas quality fluctuations will occur more frequently and with higher amplitudes.
• There is a growing demand for cost effective gas quality sensors with reduced
requirements with regard to measurement uncertainty.
• Complexity relates to gas matrix (no. components & concentrations).
• Gas quality sensors have to compete with in-process probes or flue gas
probes.
There is still a need for more innovative products for natural gas applications!
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de
Thank you for your attention!
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DVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie · Prüflaboratorium Gas
www.dvgw-ebi.de