ACTIVE HEATING
SYSTEMS
PHYS 471 SOLAR ENERGY –I
Presented by: Nurcan YANARCAN
2004-05-1
19.10.2004
Instructor: Prof. Dr. Ahmet ECEVIT
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
1. Introduction to Active Heating System ..................... 1
2. Main Components of Active Heating System ........... 3
a) The Solar Collectors ............................................ 5
b) The Solar Storage ................................................ 6
c) Auxiliary Source of Heat ....................................7
3. Types of Active Solar Heating System ..................... 8
a) Liquid Type ......................................................... 9
b) Air Type .............................................................. 10
4. Elements of Active Heating Systems ....................... 11
a) Heating Elements ............................................... 12
b) Exchanger Elements ........................................... 13
c) Heat Storage Elements ....................................... 14
d) Fluid and Air Control Elements ......................... 15
e) Temperature Control Elements .......................... 16
f) Safety Control Elements .................................... 17
5. Advantages of Active Heating Systems .................. 18
References ............................................................... 19
1. Introduction To Active Heating System
An active solar heating system also traps solar
energy, and does something to improve the collection,
storage, and distribution of that energy.
A turtle sunning itself on a rock is an active
solar heating system: its blood distributes the energy
throughout its body, and this also improves the
efficiency of the heat transfer into the turtle by moving
cool blood near the heated surface of its shell [1].
In this figure ,we can see crosssection of active heating system.
Figure 1. Active heating system on a house completely [2] .
2. Main Components of Active Heating System
a) The solar collectors
b) The solar storage system
c) Auxiliary source of heat
In figure 2 , systematic of active heating system is shown.
Figure 2. Systematics of active heating system [3] .
2. a) The Solar Collectors
The type of
collector in figure 3,
converts solar
radiation into heat
energy.
Figure 3. Flat-plate collector [4].
2. b) The Solar Storage System
Solar systems usually use a specially designed and
sized, super insulated tank though it may also be an
electric tank. They serve as a tank where the water is preheated.
In figure 4,you can see easily the storage tank.
2. b) The Solar Storage System
Figure 4. Heated water is collected in the storage tank [5].
In this figure,auxiliary source of heat is shown.
Hot dirty air
Cooled dirty air
2. c) Auxiliary Source of Heat
Heated air
Living room
Hot fresh air
Figure 5. Heated air recycle system.
Heat
Exchanger
3. Types of Active Solar Heating System
a) Liquid based heating systems
b) Air based heating systems
3. a) Liquid Based Heating Systems
In figure 6,you can see the liquid based heating system.
Figure 6. Liquid based system [6].
3. b) Air Based Heating Systems
In this figure , you can see air based heating system.
Figure 7. Air based system [6].
4. Elements of Active Heating Systems
a) Heating Elements
b) Exchanger Elements
c) Heat Storage Elements
d) Fluid and Air Control
Elements
e) Temperature Control
Elements
f) Safety Control Elements
4. a) Heating Elements
In figure 8 , heating system elements are shown.
Liquid based heater
Auxiliary heater
Figure 8. Heating system elements.
Air based heater
4. b) Exchanger Elements
As you see, in the figure 9 ,exchanger elements are shown.
Air based exchanger
Liquid based exchanger
Figure 9. Exchanger elements.
4. c) Heat Storage Elements
In figure 10 and in figure 11 , heat storage elements are shown.
Figure 10. Water tank [7].
Figure 11. Rock bin [6].
4. d) Fluid and Air Control Elements
In this figure , fluid and air control elements are shown.
Valve
Check valve
Air fan
Water valve
Figure 12. Control elements.
4. e) Temperature Control Elements
You can see temperature control elements in figure 13.
Thermostat
Thermoresistor
Figure 13. Temperature control elements.
4. f) Safety Control Elements
In figure 14 , safety control elements are shown.
Expansion tank
Figure 14. Safety elements.
Vacuum relief valve
5. Advantages of Active Heating Systems [8]
a. Easy to install
b. Inexpensive to purchase
c. Non exhausted energy source
d. Friendly for environment
References
1. http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/eng99/eng99068.htm
2. http://www.solaror.org/main.htm
3. http://www.mashav.com/solar-energy/active.htm
4. http://www.eere.energy.gov/solar/sh_basics.html#active
5. http://www.ecn.ab.ca/sesci/tutorial/s_water.htm
6. http://home.earthlink.net/~jschwytzer/solar.html
7. www.solar-fit.com/ water.htm
8. Solar Energy Research, Daniels Farrington, Duffie A. John,
1961, The University of Wisconsin Press.