: foul mouth odor, bad breath
Etiology: poor dental hygiene, lung or
intestinal disorder
S/S: bad breath
TX: proper dental hygiene,
Etiology:Protrusion of the
stomach through
opening in the
diaphragm
S/S: pain because of
back flow of stomach
acids, pain after
eating and bending
over
TX: losing weight, eating
small meals, antacids.
Surgery if necessary
Excessive bilirubin in the
blood, not a disease a
sign of something else
going wrong
Etiology: liver disease,
sometimes Hep B,C,
and mono
S/S: sclera turns yellow
TX: fixing whatever is
wrong with the liver…
Chronic liver disease
Etiology: chronic hepatitis,
poor nutrition or
excessive alcohol intake
S/S: fluid retention in arms
and legs, jaundice,
itching, can’t clot blood
as well
TX: Remove the causes
from lifestyle
Inflammation of the
gallbladder
Etiology: gall stones in
gallbladder making walls
hard.
S/S: pain after eating fatty
foods in RUQ, jaundice,
light stools
TX: weight loss, low fat diet,
medication surgery
Inflammation of the
appendix
Etiology: gastric
substance leak into it
from the cecum.
S/S: abdominal pain,
constipation, fever,
elevated WBC
TX: surgery
Etiology: recurring
ulcers and
inflammation of the
large intestine, Stress
S/S: cramping,
abdominal pain,
diarrhea
TX: medication
Etiology: sores on the
mucous membrane
of any part of the GI
tract
S/S: abdominal pain,
nausea, vomiting of
blood
TX: antacids; possible
surgery
Inflammation of the small
pouches in the
intestinal wall
Etiology: trapped food
or bacteria
S/S: abdominal pain and
fever
TX: bed rest, antibiotics,
liquid diet, low fiber
diet
Flatulence:
accumulation of gas
in the stomach
Flatus: release of gas
through the anus
Eructation: belching or
burping. Release of
gas through mouth
: inflammation of both the
stomach and the small
intestine. (aka: stomach flu)
Etiology: virus
S/S: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
abdominal pain, fever
TX: increase fluid intake, reduce
solid food intake. Prevented
by washing hands, not
sharing eating utensils, not
eating unwashed foods
Picture of Ulcer from NSAIDS