AP Exam Review Packet
AP Human Geography
Name __________________________________
Period _______
Directions: The completion of the questions in this packet will be worth a possible 50 points in the major grade
category. The completed packet is due Friday, May 1st. The questions must be answered using your Rubenstein
textbook, notes, and handouts. Copying off other individuals is unacceptable. Good luck!!!
Unit 1—Geography: Nature and Perspectives (Chapter 1)
Identify each type of map (#1-4)
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
4. ___________________________________
Match the following (some regions have more than one answer: #12-17)
a. formal region
b. functional region
_____ 5. Milwaukee
_____ 6. the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
_____ 7. Wisconsin
Match the following (#5-11)
a. cultural diffusion
d. environmental determinism
g. remote sensing
c. vernacular region
_____ 8. the South
_____ 9. an airline hub
_____ 10. Rust Belt
b. cultural ecology
e. GIS
c. cultural landscape
f. GPS
_____ 11. a computer system that stores, organizes, retrieves, analyzes, and displays geographic data
_____ 12. the forms superimposed on the physical environment by the activities of humans
_____ 13. the spread of an idea or innovation from its source
_____ 14. interactions between human societies and the physical environment
_____ 15. a space-based global navigation satellite system
_____ 16. the physical environment, rather than social conditions, determines culture
_____ 17. the small or large scale acquisition of information of an object or phenomenon, in recording or real time
Circle the one that does not belong (#18-24)
18.
a. township and range
b. clustered rural settlement
c. grid street pattern
19.
a. site
b. situation
c. its relative location
20.
a. latitude and longitude
b. site
c. situation
d. absolute location
21.
a. globalization
b. nationalism
c. foreign investment
d. multinational corporations
22.
a. major airport
b. grid street pattern
c. major central park
d. natural harbor
e. public sports facility
23.
a. Westernization
b. uniform consumption preferences
c. enhanced communications
d. local traditions
24.
a. time zones
b. China
c. United States railroads
d. 15 degrees
Unit 2—Development and Agriculture (Chapters 9 & 14)
Assume a Stage 2 country according to the Demographic Transition Model and indicate if each of the following would
be high or low (#128-137)
________________ 132. life expectancy
________________ 128. standard of living
________________ 129. CBR
________________ 133. literacy
________________ 130. CDR
________________ 134. GDP
________________ 131 NIR
________________ 135. GEM
________________136. pollution
________________ 137. job in the informal sector
138. Label the five stages of Rostow’s model and briefly describe the characteristics
Stage 1—
Stage 2—
Stage 3—
Stage 4—
Stage 5—
139. Provide an example of a region of the world dominated by each of the following sectors.
Primary—
Secondary—
Tertiary—
140. What are the four important measures of demographics?
Match the following (#141-134)
a. Egypt
b. Greece
c. Italy
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
d. Peru
e. Mexico
f. Turkey
g. USA
141. terracing, Mediterranean agriculture, pastoralism
142. terracing, shifting agriculture
143. arid climate, irrigation, little pork production, pastoralism
144. wheat, little pork production, pastoralism
145. factory farms, large pork production
146. wheat, Mediterranean agriculture
147. maize, irrigation
148. What is a milkshed and why is it important? What model does it illustrate?
149. Define subsistence agriculture, commercial agriculture, prime agricultural land, and agribusiness.
150. What kind of scientific advances (at least three) are available to commercial farmers?
151. Why is pastoral nomadism on the decline?
152. What is the world’s largest, most important grain? Why?
Unit 3—Population and Migration (Chapters 2 & 3)
Label each of the following population pyramids as Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, Stage 4 or Stage 5 of the demographic
transition (#25-27)
25. ________________
26. ________________
27. ________________
Label each of the following Detroit, MI; Laredo, TX; Lawrence, KS; Naples, FL; Unalaska, AK; or USA (#28-33)
28. ___________________________________
29. ___________________________________
30. ___________________________________
31. ___________________________________
32. ___________________________________
33. ___________________________________
Match the following (#34-45)
a. brain drain
b. carrying capacity
c. chain migration
d. counterurbanization
e. dependency ratio
f. external migration
g. infant mortality rate
h. internal migration
i natural increase rate
j. net migration
k. total fertility rate
_____ 34. the ability of a resource base to sustain its population
_____ 35. a population shift from urban to rural areas
_____ 36. the number of working-age people compared to the number of people too old or too young to work
_____ 37. migration within a state
_____ 38. migration between states
_____ 39. the difference between in-migration and outmigration
_____ 40. the process by which immigrants from a particular place follow others from that place to another place
_____ 41. flight of talented people away from an area
_____ 42. CBR-CDR per thousand
_____ 43. number of children a woman is likely to have
_____ 45. number of deaths under the age of 2 per thousand
Identify each of the following as a “pull” factor or a “push” factor (#46-51)
46. ethnic cleansing
________________
48. available jobs
47. natural disaster
________________
49. war
________________
________________
50. chain migration
________________
51. overpopulation
________________
52. What is the difference between arithmetic and physiological density?
53. Give three examples of groups who would qualify as refugees. Provide the push factor for each.
54. What is a guest worker? What kind of obstacles do guest workers face?
55. Provide 3 examples of intervening obstacles along with a real-world example for each.
Unit 4—Political Organization of Space (Chapter 8)
Match the following (#97-99)
a. Korea
b. Japan
c. Indonesia
_____ 97. nation state
_____ 98. multi-nation state
_____ 99. multi-state nation
Match the following (#100-105)
a. Afghanistan
b. Indonesia
c. Nicaragua
d. South Africa
e. Vatican City
f. Vietnam
_____ 100. compact state
_____ 101. elongated state
_____ 102. prorupted state
_____ 103. perforated state
_____ 104. fragmented state
_____ 105. landlocked state
Match the following (some states have more than one answer) (#106-109)
_____ 106. Brazil
a. was a hearth
_____ 107. China
b. was a colony
_____ 108. Mesopotamia
c. is a sovereign state
_____ 109. Taiwan
d. has a forward capital
Match the following (some states have more than one answer) (#110-113)
a. Canada
_____ 110. unitary state
b. France
_____ 111. federal state
c. Yugoslavia
_____ 112. confederal state
d. Mexico
_____ 113. devolution
e. Switzerland
f. USA
Match the following (#114-120)
a. core-periphery
b. enclave
c. frontier
d. gerrymandering
e. heartland
f. hinterland
g. Soviet Union
h. Germany
g. rimland
_____ 114. model that demonstrates the transfer of resources from less developed to more developed areas
_____ 115. the fringe of a state
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
116. land beyond a border
117. the node of a state
118. an area the retains a distinction from a larger area
119. manipulating boundaries for political gain
120. an area rather than a line
Label each boundary physical or cultural and give an example boundary physical or cultural example (#121-126)
121. mountain
122. language
123. religion
124. river
125. geometric
126. the Green Line
127. Put the following in order from the largest to the smallest: census tract, county, municipality, nation-state,
province, empire
Unit 3—Culture (Chapters 4-7)
Classify each of the following religions as monotheistic or polytheistic and ethnic or universalizing, and indicate their
hearth region. (#56-63)
mono or polytheistic
ethnic or universalizing
hearth region
56. Buddhism
57. Hinduism
58. Islam
59. Judaism
60. Mormonism
61. Orthodox Christianity
62. Protestantism
63. Roman Catholicism
Match the following (#64-71)
a. Balkanization
b. Cape Cod
c. feng shui
d. Gaelic
e. lingua franca
f. Nunavut
_____ 64. fragmentation of a region into smaller units
_____ 65. a common language
_____ 66. an example of ethnic nationalism
_____ 67. an example of linguistic nationalism
_____ 68. an example of linguistic fragmentation
_____ 69. an example of how religion can influence geography
_____ 70. minority branch of Islam but majority in Iraq and Iran
g. Shiite
h. Welsh
_____ 71. architectural style that diffused from New England to the Great Lakes
Identify each of the following as a centripetal force or a centrifugal force (#72-79)
72. uneven development
________________
76. national symbols
73. substate nationalism
________________
77. compact state
74. linguistic homogeneity
________________
78. fragmented state
75. tradition of local governance ________________
79. external threats
________________
________________
________________
________________
Classify each of the following as folk culture or popular culture (#80-91)
80. the Amish
________________
86. relocation diffusion ________________
81. sports
________________
87. cultural homogeneity ________________
82. small scale
________________
88. traditional diet
________________
83. large scale
________________
89. McDonalds ________________
84. slow change
________________
90. blue jeans
________________
85. rapid change
________________
91. modern communication
________________
92. How has physical environment affected religious taboos and food choices? Give an example from the text.
93. How has physical environment affected housing construction? Give an example from the text.
94. Define branch, denomination, and sect as they relate to religion. Provide an example of each from separate religions.
95. What is the difference between ethnicity and race?
96. Where are each of the four minority groups in the United States clustered?
Unit 6—Industrialization and Services (Chapters 11 & 12)
Label each of the following as bulk-reducing, bulk-gaining, footloose, or just-in-time (#153________________ 153. soft-drink bottling
________________ 157. automobile assembly
________________ 154. brewing
________________ 158. autoparts manufacturing
________________ 155. nickel smelting
________________ 159. electronics manufacturing
________________ 156. baking
________________ 160. call centers
Label each of the following as primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary economic activity (#161________________ 161. extract natural resources from the environment
________________ 162. transform raw materials into finished products
________________ 163. involve the collection, processing, and manipulation of information
________________ 164. involve the exchange of goods and the provision of services
________________ 165. involve the production of fresh produce for urban markets
Indicate the country or countries that are represented in each area (#166-170)
166. NAFTA
167. highest consumption of fossil fuels per capita
168. the Four Asian Tigers
169. maquiladoras
170. Atlantic-Pacific canal
Match the following (#171-174)
a. airplane
b. railroad
c. ship
_____
_____
_____
_____
d. truck
171. high terminal cost, high line cost, high route flexibility
172. high terminal cost, low line cost, high route flexibility
173. high terminal cost, low line cost, low route flexibility
174. low terminal cost, high line cost, high route flexibility
Match the following (#175-180)
a. Brazil
b. chlorofluorocarbons
c. Mexico City
d. national parks
_____ 175. banking, finance, insurance
_____ 176. deforestation
_____ 177. desertification
e. New York, London, and Tokyo
f. Sahel
_____ 178. ecotourism
_____ 179. ozone depletion
_____ 180. smog
Unit 7—Urban Land Use and Environment (Chapter 13 &14)
Label each country with either the rank-size rule or the primate city rule (#181-186)
________________ 181. Canada
________________ 184. India
________________ 182. France
________________ 185. South Korea
________________ 183. Germany
________________ 186. United States
187. Place the following in order from least recent to most recent: “big box” superstore, internet, downtown business
district, shopping mall
Match the following (#188-196)
a. basic industries
b. CBD
c. central plaza
d. economic base
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
e. human capital
f. intervening opportunities
g. non-basic industries
h. public housing
i. squatter settlement
j. urban hierarchy
188. export primarily to consumers outside the settlement
189. sell to people within the settlement
190. basic industries minus non-basic industries
191. related to talent
192. related to the level of services provided
193. center of Latin American cities
194. provided to people by government
195. downtown
196. the presence of which greatly diminishes the attractiveness of site farther away
197. illegal occupation of a residential district
198. Define social area analysis and give an example.
199. Identify an example of each of the following terms
animate power—
biomass fuel—
inanimate power—
fossil fuel—
renewable energy—
nonrenewable energy—
200. What countries are the five biggest consumers of energy?
201. What three countries have the biggest reserves of coal?
202. What three countries have the biggest reserves of petroleum?
203. What three countries have the biggest reserves of natural gas?
Models
Label each of the following models and explain how each can be useful to geographers. (#204-208)
204.
___________________________________
206.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
207.
___________________________________
___________________________________
208.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Define and give an example/evidence of each of the following models and theories. (#209-225)
209. Demographic Transition Model
210. Gravity Model
211. Concentric Circle (Burgess)
212. Multiple Nuclei Model
213. Central Place Theory (Christaller)
214. Weber Model of Industrial Location (least – cost theory)
215. Epidemiologic Transition Model
216. World Systems Theory and Core Periphery Model
217. Domino Theory
218. Heartland and Rimland Theories
219. Neocolonialism
220. Thomas Malthus (Population)
221. Modernization & Dependency Theories
222. Sustainable Development
223. Bid-Rent Theory
224. Rank Size Rule and Urban Primacy
Examine the FRQ exams from the previous years.
FRQ Topics Page—https://apstudent.collegeboard.org/apcourse/ap-human-geography/exam-practice
225. List the active verbs used in each question by year (2012-2014) and note the level of difficulty in the FRQ’s
226. Predictions: Predict the topics for 2015…. Think about not only what hasn’t been covered in a while but what within
the topic hasn’t been asked before….
FRQ Topics: identify the topics for each FRQ question
Year
Question #1
Primate City model
2011
2012
2013
2014
Question #2
Malthus’ theory of population
growth
Question #3
Industrial location
Year
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Make an X in each box for the YEAR to show when topics have been covered in FRQ’s (mark an ‘X’)
Population Migration Culture Political Development Agriculture Industry Services Urban
X
X
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X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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X