Bedmaking and Unit Care
Chapter 10
Sleep and sleep disorders
• Sleep is needed to replace old
cells with new ones and
provide new energy (8 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/wa
tch?v=pwNMvUXTgDY
• Somnambulism – sleep walking
• Affects about 2% of adults and up to
50% of children
• Somnambulism happens when brain
doesn’t sleep in areas of walking
and/or talking. People not only walk
in a sleep, but also can clean the
room and even do laundry. They
have no memories about it in the
morning.
• Sleepwalking doesn’t happen very
often to affected person and don’t
require treatment.
• http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=kQAb_AoXRj4&f
eature=related
Can you locate it on a brain?
Parasomnias
• Sleeptalking
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5eJYdt44JT
E&feature=related
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscr
een&NR=1&v=30I15fnngKs
• Bruxism
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIQ2F0_2ME&feature=related
Parasomnias affect our pets, too
• http://www.wimp.com/sleepi
ngdogs/
Insomnia
• Inability to fall asleep, stay asleep, or go back to
sleep after awakening at night
• Help your resident with insomnia:
• Keep room dark and quiet,
• Adjust temperature in the room to patient’s
comfort,
• Control odor in the room – keep room clean,
neat, and clutter free
• Keep bed clean, soft, and wrinkle free
Sleep apnea and CPAP
What is OSA and how CPAP works 3 min?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUXYjPbNw
qg
• Depending on severity of OSA physician can
prescribe either CPAP or BiPAP device to help
keeping an airway open. You might have patient
with OSA and should be able to assist with
applying the mask
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zxujj4_HdE
I
Biorhythms
• Biorhythms are the natural rhythms related to
body functions that occur due to daily, monthly
or yearly changes.
• Everything that happens in our bodies is
rhythmic until proved otherwise.
• We know the most about circadian and seasonal
rhythms.
What are circadian rhythms?
• Circadian rhythms are physical, mental and
behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24hour cycle, responding primarily to light and
darkness in an organism’s environment. They
are found in most living things, including
animals, plants and many tiny microbes. The
study of circadian rhythms is called
chronobiology.
Master clock
• The “master clock” that
controls circadian rhythms
consists of a group of nerve
cells in the brain called the
suprachiasmatic nucleus, or
SCN. The SCN contains about
20,000 nerve cells and is
located in the hypothalamus,
an area of the brain just above
where the optic nerves from
the eyes cross.
Circadian rhythm
• Many of the major body functions exhibit circadian rhythms,
including:
• Secretion of hormones (e.g. the ‘darkness’ hormone
melatonin, usually high at night, and the stress hormone
cortisol, usually high in the morning) ;
• Production of urine – less at night
• Variation in deep body temperature (usually low at night)
• Biochemical composition of the blood;
• Alertness
• Ability to perform cognitive tasks and learning ability
• Metabolism rate – slow at night
Circadian rhythm is very stable and doesn’t change if
person is kept in a dark environment or has shift change
Practical applications?
• You need to know that patient’s temperature
would be the lowest early in the morning and the
highest at around 8 p.m.
Practical applications
• Blood pressure is lower at night and higher at
around 4 p.m.
Practical applications
• Plan your study before 8 p.m. while your
cognitive function of the brain is at pick
Patient’s room and equipment
• Patient’s room at a first glance
• Abby’s room at Mayo Clinic
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TdWa60koA
NA
Patient room design
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pjlzh9KOye
o
Bed head panel
Outlets
• What is wrong with picture?
Find it:
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•
•
•
•
Airflow level in liters per min
Max?
Min?
Regulator of airflow?
Place to connect oxygen
tubing?
• What is missing?
Oxygen connector
Oxygen tubing
• Nasal cannula
Test of the chapter content
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Name three disposable items in patient’s room.
What top drawer of a bed stand is used for?
What lower drawers of a bed stand are used for?
What are aging changes in sleeping habits are?
Can a bedpan be placed on a overbed table?
Where should the call light always be placed?
Why it is important that linen always be changed
when it is wet, damp, wrinkled, or soiled?
• Why linen never be shaken?