The Educational Spiral
Defining Educational
Objectives
Planning
evaluation
Implementing
evaluation
Preparing & Implementing
Educational programme
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EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVE
What the LEARNER should be
able to do at the end of a
course /session/ training (that
he/ she could not do earlier )
2
Learning Objectives-Levels
1. General or Institutional
2. Intermediate or Departmental
3. Specific Instructional or learing
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Classification



?
not a mere classification or
subdivision
continuum spanning between
the
components.
inter- related and dependent
on
the
previous one
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Domains
Cognitive ( Knowledge)
Affective ( Feeling)communication
Psychomotor (skills)
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1. Activity :
Appropriate action verb
2. Content :
what is to be implemented (performed)
3. Condition:
e.g. with / without help of equipment,
specimen, reports, books etc.

Condition of learner (Student) not of patient !
4. Criteria :
minimum standard of performance.
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Cognitive Domain
(Knowledge)
solving
Problem
Interpretation of
data
Recall of Facts
Define necrosis, enlist any two
types of necrosis with relevant
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Psychomotor Domain
(Skills)
Automatism
Observe
Control
Imitation
Perform Leishman stain on provided blood smear and
perform differential count using light microscope.
8
TEACHER
STUDENT
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Affective Domain
(Feeling-Communication)
Characterization (value
complex)
Responding (willing to accept)
Receiving ( becoming aware )
Explain the procedure of pleural tapping to the
patient and reassure the patient before the
procedure.
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Solve a
new problem
Able to
internalize
feeling
Perform
automatically
& proficiently
Interpret data
Responds to
affective need
of other
Exercise
control
over skill
Recall facts
Show receptivity
toward
other person/idea
Imitate
actions
on model
Communication
skills/
affective
Practical
skills
Intellectual skills
Participation in
Educational activities
*The 3 domains are often intricately connected
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Uses of Educational Objectives:




Facilitates course planning
Basis for preparation of instructional
material
Provides for selective approach
Helps students organize their efforts
towards learning these objectives
Facilitates evaluation
Limitations

No flexibility in teaching

Limited teaching

Time consuming
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Characteristics of Educational
objectives:





Relevance i.e. confirms to the needs of the
learner and the institutional objectives
Unequivocal i.e. clear and unambiguous.
Observable
Measurable
Feasible
SMART SIO




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Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Timely
THANKS